Ions

Wednesday
January 8, 2014

EQ: What is an ion and how does an

atom become an ion? How are valence
electrons related to ions (cations and
anions).

Whats an Ion?
An atom, or a group of atoms,
that have a charge.

He

3 4 5 6 7

Li Be

F Ne

11

13

14

15

16

17

18

Al

Si

Cl

Ar

31

32

33

34

35

36

12

Na Mg
19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

Ca Sc

Ti

Cr

Mn

Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

Rb Sr

Zr Nb

Mo

Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In

5771

72

74

75

82

55

56

Cs Ba
87

88

Fr Ra

89103

73

76

27

45

77

28

46

78

29

47

79

30

10

48

80

49

81

53

54

Sn Sb Te

Xe

83

85

86

50

51

52

84

Hf Ta W Re Os Ir

Pt Au Hg Ti

Pb Bi Po At Rn

104

110

105

106

107

108

109

111

112

113

114

Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg

Uub

Fr

Uug

He

3 4 5 6 7

Li Be

F Ne

11

13

14

15

16

17

18

Na Mg

Al

Si

Cl

Ar

19

20

31

32

33

34

35

36

Ca

37

38

49

50

Rb Sr

In

56

81

82

Cs Ba

Ti

Pb Bi Po At Rn

87

88

113

114

Fr Ra

Fr

Uug

55

12

10

Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
51

52

53

54

Sn Sb Te

Xe

83

85

86

84

11

Na
Sodium

Na

Protons (+) = 11
Electrons (-) = 11
Valence electrons = 1
Neutral (no charge)

Lost 1
electron

+
Na

Protons (+) = 11
Electrons (-) = 10
Valence Electrons = 8
More protons = (Positive charge)

He

3 4 5 6 7

Li Be

F Ne

11

13

14

15

16

17

18

Na Mg

Al

Si

Cl

Ar

19

20

31

32

33

34

35

36

Ca

37

38

49

50

Rb Sr

In

56

81

82

Cs Ba

Ti

Pb Bi Po At Rn

87

88

113

114

Fr Ra

Fr

Uug

55

12

10

Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
51

52

53

54

Sn Sb Te

Xe

83

85

86

84

12

Mg
Magnesium

Lost 2
electrons

Mg

Protons (+) = 12
Electrons (-) = 12
Valence Electrons = 2

Neutral (no charge)

2+
Mg

Protons (+) = 12
Electrons (-) = 10
Valence Electrons = 8
More protons = (Positive charge)

Cation

2+
Mg

-ion
Protons (+) = 12
Electrons (-) = 10
More protons = (Positive charge)

Valence Electrons = 8

He

3 4 5 6 7

Li Be

F Ne

11

13

14

15

16

17

18

Na Mg

Al

Si

Cl

Ar

19

20

31

32

33

34

35

36

Ca

37

38

49

50

Rb Sr

In

56

81

82

Cs Ba

Ti

Pb Bi Po At Rn

87

88

113

114

Fr Ra

Fr

Uug

55

12

10

Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
51

52

53

54

Sn Sb Te

Xe

83

85

86

84

O
Oxygen

2O

O
Gain
2

electrons

Protons (+) = 8
Electrons (-) = 8

Neutral (no charge)

Protons (+) = 8
Electrons (-) = 10
MORE electrons = (Negative charge)

2O

anion
a

negative

Protons (+) = 8
Electrons (-) 10
More electrons
= = (Negative charge)

Ion Review
Ion: an atom or group of atoms with a charge
Cation: An ion with a positive charge
(MORE PROTONS than electrons)

Anion: An ion with a negative charge

(MORE ELECTRONS than protons)

Valence
Electrons
Magnesium

Gain? Or
Lose?

Symbol
& Charge

Anion or
Cation?

Lose 2

Mg2+

Cation

Metal or
Nonmetal
Metal

Homework
Anions/Cations:
Interpreting the Periodic Table