Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
ffiffiffiffi Hffiffiffi
ffiffiWHffiffi WffiW E
',fr
An lntroducton to the
Devetop*^r::::Freedom
Approach
UNDERTAND
IT/
/DEYELOPMENT'
,6e
\.\
EEGINS IN YOUR
lvltND,y'KNOW!
brw
wi,
WtwW,::'Y
ylgtrr"W
g
.7
.o
ta,
,,
.)- a
,r.rl'l
ie s
:{'-,';
r9:
',;,
NfrruRl4UY
&AlEnen
w4Ttstytw
r?.
THERE IS A
BETTER WAYT
An Introduction to the
Development as Freedom
Approach
WHfrTDOES.,.
.IOPTIENT
ol
/:,
'l ?
(*)
:':-,t -l
Vt
7l:;'r:.ii
'dilWt
-T=F-3!
2003
'
'
direction
The project was conceived, designed and produced under the
Lamba,
of Anantha Kumar Duraiappah, Flavio comim, Davinder
and Terry llirst, who. also wrote and drerv the picturs.
ISBN: 9966-9743-0'l
The Project was suPPorted bY
C.P. Loewen FamiIY Foundation
Box2260,Steinbach, MB, Canada, R()A 2A0
e-mail : kenfriesen @ Ioerven.com
and
Programme
Environment
United Nations
PO 8ox30552, Nairobi, KenYa
INTRODUCTION
ls tsn emxnsourA
B@KaN
tW R H fiiA't NYE|APIQ
.FS
{7,.
,^)
I t,,
ffiPIE7OffTrER.
!-
o
o
,,t9,
l,
C,3,
lr':Y...
i:lXortrl
toZ'olilcllio
'AuowewwpJDrutrrtx
/)PE 6EEN.T>BE tn s,T I
DSP{78 77t H t/W rc W rt w'
.,.ft\tDHeDWreE70
vt Q6 E/U E{ ylffi tt tl l,lT
NOW77tffia7^5(HL.t
E{oMrynbultc ourPw;
qlH m E asT Ft rw yEAk,,
^G
) ffiWtrtr'#[.,ffii
mflvqTtot
\ W'H+s mr
W_TrTTrnoNA{lerreistoutrrtti.
W?rs
f peoru"ene Blrto-ttuEour
TTaP utlw 7 w4ynwruanrovn*l
FPBIE+(TED
f erc
@*uPnot, ampttietret
oxy n n u*trt ! DEC RA M|t ut, ao0fiAato
)
N.
A{D mu)sotl,ll4l ,P,pTs c*"
7H'M4 HqYgD87D
ruE DilOP/Y1I{T Ptr[E .. .
, rr
C,,.)
3]
t NouNGp woert'l*t?
',so,tTls
ll0 qlGR
WWAYTO @?
H flER)TUPE?
S UdG
ESTE D SY AJ,i'AETYA
I l,
Cr.
t
,DYEUPfiIEIT
trw$,w,Znrwfl*i
ffi MlD-iaE ilii w e
,DEVEIOPNENT",,
E :
WK*ffiFttl'!
'lN HIS
w{tffiffi{;w
ustEN!fiEH!
;?
,k
{lr
{'-
0.
Y
0'''\
15
(t l
(
R]
,f-r
,t)
P
l..
t-
Ij
ij
f,,
?,
It_l
i o Ev E to PM ENT A8 FREE q O]q
T?ArsA tuWERH)L tOA! Ft f
gy
PEo Pl
1-BZW.77e7
VEL
o Pl Nl
E-Etif fi-"788'
IA
;slrgilW!
YOU CATI,THAYE RAL
-Fw,t, A N D tHE z!4q&l'.ffi_
-ffimfu,tTtlyousuv
ftlEE@ontw-
TPUE!
! tt6q(
EH!
il)
WEAUIAVETOFIND
'lrAwBtDlws'
4CHIEYE OROWN
GOALg,INOUP, OWH
TO
LtllEg,DON't WE?
7-\
o
r \v
eoM4t*,llTlEs,.,
AS WU AS GETn0NO Ut W7H
'A.t
D:|HN
cH o I s cul
a\l,
UR
WN U VES. lN ruEDOV,
tt
C^)
V/
-
l*,{
)f
Dr
:9,
"Freedoms are not only the primary ends of development, they are also among
its principal means. In addition to acknowledging, foundationally, the
eyaluative importance of freedom, \ve also have to understand ttre remarkable
cnrpirical connection that Iinks freedoms of different kinds with one another.
Political freedoms, (in the form of free speech and elections), help promote
cconomic security. Social opportunitie.s (in the form of education anO health
facilities) facilitate economic participation. Economic facilities (in the form of
()pportunitie.s for participation in trade and production) can help to generate'
rcrsonal abundance as rvell as public resources for social facilities. Freedoms of
rlifferent kinds can strengthen one another.,,
U N DE R
7H
ns
TO@THEP,,THES
T'1O
cnvfftHrTstpmrecr
S&IAL ND CLTAPAL
RtGt{7,(t9%) TWo !
AUTFI/NDIVIAhLAND
WIFPEDONS
A Dtsc&rs/Ne!
WE
rrHE u-ll.
HQ,)16I^/IoeFl
ooo
io,PPFSgzE sFr,.. r
ry.S dAvE csNJaED
wEdDtDwAwtr'
EvamtffiMt
,-t
4a
)tl
)-a
,.
_o(
77l,qrawruYRA7ztE77tAr
7A0 S t ULY co N @rTR4 TtN G
ON ,fiM PIEN&AE ASPCTS?,
ff
HnuD
7lr/
AUTHERICITTS
BUTtlot4?
)rr
qEHAWTI A@,EE
WAT TRUENELOPIIENT
REW|PATHE RfrloYAL *
THEtnLnp,souRE ffi...
FTRET,
.HEilAJOR,OffiC4
irxrceoott?
wAPEiHI?
'alERlwDY KWS
WH-THYAW,,.
J|JSTASK...EI{? .t
GETRID OF
NYiFPTY,
ruRONE.',
UNFR,EruI!
g
\--l/
IACEOFNLMAL
UEEIYANDCIVIL
FATAINE!
ANDruR
W!fttror,
nrcnwx!,
REPRESSIVE
u?
(A
tl
'il'
e,
,)
Cd)
te\
t.,
ll
(L)
el
ty,
w
g
i;Ir
t-
.V,
ALL'THAT
IS EASIEP
tr/8,
BUT WNEED
SAIDTHN,I
TO
lYlAkE A
Tiwt,.nilr
DON!,,,
lstltr lT?
77\
.).i
ll
'
:J
AEI
7HR
74TESE I N 8T TTATI A\ A L
A R.PA\I GTI,IT,TTS,
PT A PE
At-ot\t D TH E
70 7*g,t :
Pfr
F@+t
.,.ANDEO,A!-SOTAKE HM
IN fuUTICAL DECIS/ONS
7Hf WELRoVtETtltl
wmlnloPH,m)NmEs.,.
.\ I ' ',
I \tt
G-)
.,
t ' ',,
r';
")
,,'nlEYNEfutN
AAilEV7718
TH"|CIIUAIO
t 6ET trNow!llE
TO
fffi
8atf
Nd,
-tf
Go
).WfrTAtrWE
,NESTHfrTETILY
)ilSfTTWE7HE,,,
.WEIL,FPEE
',,,rrafi\rmmN
POUNqI-
wmlourTtaht,g
wyApE eofit,,.
PEIWCIHTION,AND
BAflC EA)CfiNONAE
w
.g
7-,
) i
f
.-/
'lUPreBAttlmttTt
AP
@IgITfUENT
COMpoMENTA
EggNTlAL!
=rgDPfiE$r
I F 7}/E-I
ruq]T!7HEYM
EVptLYlTHeWvtro
P EN,7PP.IIS.
ie'pxtDErH'i;,lrF.
THEY N @IITPIEUETD
HIGHMtonrcWftt
DPffi6S!
rut
Nrfl.tclEAs
/NWE/WARET
t:izlili
mABO APPUES TOWE
OFII4EU)P,
WNM
qRKET, NNDTHE ADOF
60,SOEB@Y
HAS70 0&?,\//56
A FAIPqARTET
1NDED IA&(R:NIWL
I&STPFf,.DET,+ND
wsTElv1? Ell?
THATIPENEDED:,
ooDs!
.3
PUATONmPOETTflINES ruP.
OPN DIALreUE AND
7/
\.
I rt
.3
9t
E%TE
,,,7I/EYAPAU lNgnrun,
ANDAUff(NCIUM THEI@LEG
,,,
,TFIISIS HOW
soctEwTAt-Ks
,il
,i.c?;i:
7J
TO|TSEI-F,,,
BE! By
cawwt6?otfs!
,^(tfrTAPE,,.
ETALWUs?
DFASAfuUTTHE
EflVIR$IMANTAND
HowwETPaTff?,
,IIIGS
lN,Ag'@fil*lul @lsFl
ANDASA@NtrRN ruP,
7\lE.NNfiYtrUFE!
VAIIES 77{,T
(#.)
9t
FAc75 F^r&+y,s
A ND
ASSIuIPI
AS THA ?
rctmcAL
FREEDortllg,
E COt\t O M t c FACI Lt Tt E g-,
T.
SOCTAL OPrcRTUNINEE
6 MRAffTE,
IR/ATS H PE{
'ffiqt tr7uEs
lfLP
7D,
MYONO4NE+NDb
-77/ HP, APA BI UT - M D.AL SO
WIIfrTA
COITIPLEMENTffiCH DTHER
ETHANCING
HUMANFREEWil
tN Cn
lffiAl!
ooo
(
DEVELOP
t lt t
r)
lfl
,Atr7HSEhL
TYFAU BLIEYE
I rl I
-\
,),
t'tr;
q(-
',,,W
rcEENnreuEg,
ENq 6 T7/6SEFIV,
DGT\F|CTreru*s.,.
FAql NECSSANru,I
,,.,
owN PAgTa)tAp,4{f,,,,
wHArrr6Au
tti
g,
\-/
-J)
AWU|(N77{
F/RgPIAC!
r,
NwNToljfrqlfi
utEu,tf^sg4Atr
ItEALWtsq{LY cff-H/LTO
HA%NGENA#]
A tD W_Yo u
fireo{vtE?Er.
70
ef\ilttc
/)\
Ir.D,
r?l
Yt
YE
EhGreE
lS
70 DO
MTqTYOU WA^ITTD
lF
OF
c)
NTNGEWTTIING?
so rulATtg
tql 77118,,.
PE&SONd4rc-7o88
@70M,,rynyG
7?
D4 BIITTT :
! 7TATIS 7H E KH -
WHFTA
ru771177/.
DilETOhYEITT
V/E/R- ffislN
LT FE, 70 FAIN UTHEIEJIB'
Aciltyl
M,7HEN?
t,,
gi
r
\t
v.5.
I l4AAl,
F rT $itT'
AMtrlhAHtG,qqsl
AAID PEBA4I,IGQNILY
Taw*tc
qrl,ww
l._-:"1
A HAN DICAPUSTLIKE
ttvtN t '
?ooB coutrT4/
WCAE,THAT
! |S,THT 1,1N t N HARIE N,|J,S A,
NNq UWASlbftG
lqst tt
KEA A, tN DlA,
dAftt P !
5i,
b)^
v,
/
fi
IS'
APITHL
TT
lS
.BMUOF7H
f,trffi,i\ffiyffi ffiwt
Bw nb7+nnnuct
wwinrtopttnu l't84,
&Wffiffm
tu qnt *y npi6tiii#',
u
ot!
&TC
tilRuALtTY BETWEEN
wonfX *Yo ftiN,tvSo
rtnnY COUXtUeg...
et oum,THE ru1PLD!
DEPITE
4II7H
RrcHrslAttts!
fi
C
C
C
O
O
C
C
O
()
-
76fi)ALW
RtstarwTH9BiAWE
Fwm+rglmr
ENOY,
ilSlC
AUDANUB
OF CIVILRI4TTS AND
trACNCE tr DEVIO*ACY
tt\t FAIR! Emttotl t c w*Jw,
wo{N
'tE cAryoEta{Erultata
Ftrtutls!
,'
tw,D.t{A FD]O|NC
()
:,
taweils@trw
(,,
DE@CRACY!
(.r
(-r
()
-/\
10
f,,",1,,,,;1"
r,;
C-r,
(=',
(,
(t
(
(.
(
(,
(
Amartya Sen,
Development as Freedom, lggg, p.16.
('
I
nE M,
M
Mt
AN
RtlfrTEAlN
!"'('u^
\Vu-.,trLt+r-^..i.,-
r,
,SO,.THISHAPWIS
INTWO YTA\ ,,
THIS ACQ"'STTTON
FREEDOI,..
THATUAW|PW4
OF
ACT7oN A.tD W/ONS ,,,
-tt'r\
-a-'
E)PL
771frr
(\ .-.'
/7\
,l
b.
v.
7H_!P
i.i
(
(:
-1.y' \r,,
(r..r
I lr
lAYl avqt
tl
r,
?J
_)
tv
>1",
e,w+l
8F.s}t/N A,..
8roAD WAY ?
{'
'-,lr',"lLn\
ltlA r.r-I
\*\r,i
"'
,!,1:,*t:i!*
J
THE I,IEEDTOENHANCE
'EA{ BEDONwPUUIC
pllcY-BuTHsO,wml TlE
Vs 'gQ144ggrng'oF
WETOuyET4Ettyg
Y!
1HEY
tYEcouE&A<
t.
r,
frt.{
"'/?'
i ,il'i,,
,,HASNOTffiN
IN TIIE @IICEPT OF
DEttrtPHAtn,.
,,1;'l)',,
,tlt
:r\)'
THEPEAETWO
t{tLYw{SA
MfuIISPPTHE
FWt,
AlrrotGmlstql
MAk&trnE
wffY ofi
azfil
THEMw.1nrratr
tNDrtrDuALW{,
i ,r,,,t''',$'
'ot
t-)
,v
60@!Et?
.\lJr
/tlt',.
(y)
TTWWIDE
ruRtA1pittrPruEruq!-
WA{TAilDVHI/E!
t7590BVqA.6; WUWWCITHINK
lsfl rr? ANo, so, BUr& FAR_
I F O U
FffiM+lSAE lhtpeTnilTya)
HAYE 70 LA<,97 46
74/es
TltA N
NqT? T?
,r I
re{
Zr\
t)t
C)
',ilk-"", (J
,o
ru
(-
i
,. ,lilr,
lo
rl
,b,
'/A,Yi;
il'tu4, "
rr2,
Amartya
INDIVIDUALS
'AAt'?
Ag
,SP/FS?
INVESTIGfrTDK?
lNFOP^l56c
) lt'
v/
{)'?b,
?3.
t(olito!ilolr6T
OPDINAryWT
AS A@Ir.sOF
CI{ANGE'.| gy(
troryE
wHo
uN qCruAuY
ff AAvlDD/NSHEfrtD
INFJ)ENG O7HN.I 1
]{
{'.-
AOEfiIS OF OHN{GF",-,
DES TTALWAXS lytE${
NoT4l-tilAys...w
lN i(I0STAASES,
T oBVtoUsYOEs
THATTTIP IIASTOE
CHANffi?.LWAW?
Bln
C U LTAPA
A4
z
Nfl T fitel
THAnrWflRnRW
TO RE5gT aHA.{O...
cfiqflfifirtreft4u
HAYETOW!-
3",1"
ffa\Vtr
_\/
\\,,)E
(--
-\
v:tJ
NI 4 ]\'
c-
(c
(.,
(a'
(-
r.
r-'
r\
AND,IOTUETA
FW
EUTE 'G{ARNA,IIOF
TRADMON AND..,
CULTAPE?
-.U-*
'EXACW! rnrusrw
4 WlDEotrN ctlotE
FORNUMH,EINTTl
soaErY!rtwEN
@INGOI,ITHNIIWT
*rsTpxf !
g,Glqls SllouLDfirr
Ett@sll@L?
trREtsl|FOP.AS
x64577E,W
yltuABLE70
Fttr
U8...twptml!
(
(
ww wout-D
At(ypl rtA{r
70 DOTHAT?
.\,
(.-
r)
C-/.
IN
C,
(_,
Lt
0a
teAUYWE\{I$I?RY FtrnNG
HD * WmaNMg { ntl
OUP, UVES
f.
'o
,OFCOURSE,IT
IIDE EON
OM IC
fu{7T1,,,
.,ANDTHE BUILDING UP
EHTYvCA.CAPMUNO
HUIYWWURCES, BUT
IS 6U4E
DilAiP*lENT ITIS.
A-aJir};ss!
,,,AND TT WILL
ffPA|JYWHP,HR
UAPY
cEENnN! nNor
suffi1ED77{ArTHEE
ICPITR)ON'F
AFFEREIT
(r,
v/
V1
a
t
)
r
\
.:
FREDOT4S
)
{
{
(
!
Y
t
(
\,i
\J
wHfrrtm6tq1Ettf
@uf 751st?ru?.
ffMA\SA *AWAL
lTffiay15a5 tyttfrTt
PEHMIETTNA
UflH,.AtG,Rt'tW//G
a)T:,.Gm/{Ge77e,!
tvlEAtt...Etwt8'
WHEE
ruUN
CA L AND CT VIL'
R]Gff| AF PAPTtr
7H8,.,
'LUXUry oFDElrtocRAcYt!
'-:..-.J;S.'.grlt=-..
.,,
,.ri
"l
,l
'ri
,',i
ow-@K,wAT,S67/E
oF DALELOPY\A{TAS A
wHotf Da ppm pp[,*s,,,
fH ENDLy :
wTtstyffi
FWhISMftI
NATTJMUY EAENEN
ilA]A,l )EURAS,.,
lllEAlD,lND7#
lflarcTo7HE
EHD? tsdTn?.
EOHE:UVEA)TThaPIJTB
lN |IAYSTHiYHAVEffiry
i,f
,ri
--(
r;
-rt
:.
,l
ti
,l
,I
,I
:
,:
rf
il
vE-F
Y, ! tT I s,.caN srt:u T,
ryE AMtrAU Oeverca+tbtir.
ANO n ts tsTRuttE?t|AL nrunr
t.T F. FgVIp 4 -ne n qq^ ,
ifleAL
TOACII4VE
cACABtlJTyF/NotvlN#
mlg0pl+f?yT AND 7D L+.truV?
O(N'A
.WE HAVE
,HAND-OUT'ABWTTVM
'YRIIZ,I
I
dt
a'
P-
a
OF FREEDOT
TflEANS
AND
THE ENDS
h'"1il1??'o5ffi"1,?*rr*=*=i**y=T":f,i!:'incrudine:':l
$*
ffi:n*lltl$l'1iiil;;':'ffi"H?'t"**' \-
neWSPaPgfS
an0
CrJlrt
rs"'--_
#.mfffigmffimffi"
financial irresPonsl
ilr*o;n, interest'
i" Puri"
?,:tTitii"tk:Hriq:ii"":'"rt*1:iitrsri:t'{$:"""
fifi'ry,ffi1".:'+n*.:fiH{dr$'"n;+fiff:'"""'
deprrveo "' -'
ror
:['$::n:!."T],'"''n"ome
')rETiltsTPlklltTAuY,THEY
b tefury Ett HAI{G !{ Ra
EACHtrTIMENMS IS
-r--.,--ara-..
CAlxH4'fTev6@H,,
MNtrAT(TN'IT OMI
:\
J/ J
,l
.,,AI,IDW CAN
RE-rtmeenct
gryErycenrrueyz
Ur
Ct^
\9
i,,\7_.1'::
i-w..iz
Yz',i'.:i
,
E)(C|LY !
PIJ Bu
c Ea)
CATT o
,,AND*ll{tP
N,-
HEALTHqqe,&nDAmw.
7Aft1 PIE,
4r-wpreEAa{o7v5p.,
77{Ey AHOUIDNUE
7Hry
SttoutDnu _fr
EOPLETOUVE
4U @H7RI B U7E
ruP.
70 E@Nqqrc WE(DhI4ETE,
LONaEP,,I 7HE
Pmess!
INPIEIV'{TMAT
SANE Tll,l ?
7718,
W
wt?
f-l'
t) i
WU BNEFT
FNMTI.IE..,
yilERctFs!
;i
i-
);
7ilATtS 77fF
'
wilopt{T!
ffA ATWAL
PRocESsr
rcqa @UNTRY?
flOTfrTAU!A.IY
KINDOF@UI\W
CAI,I
ri
NT!WF.,
.5.
Vt
)l
IT
iil
{
I
{
{
{
II
{
{
{
{
7T6E
tl FtttEN cA
o
ED(ry*I
,+ttrT7w ffi+lwESZT
-'
4ND
-/\r
r-
4R,
I N BASI C
A ND HA TTil
oN2-SO,WE
ANDSO
NEED,,.
' \'
LJt
STATEtltLR/efiqt!'
L'
-'
l,vENEDToPAY
--t{noNT0BorH!
:;,$%W{,iffi ffii.:Y|W1:trW.E#i:ffi
'or
gFgrWP mqwE ltt fl lsry.e,,)
af'ri+i,t-te
iEririie
stnry
- o a r -\,;7;
t)v7*t' Ate78
Al{lAor
'i'
{..)
PEOPIE,,,.
OIED!EHi
BW ctt lN A, wml
Atow-nu
GacauemamaE!
-='.Y
HN,F7VrutATtCN..,
ltt
I
a.)
,'J-#
:::4
\.\jl
ON
-/\
"t>,
'g
^ p
U
C
()
O
O
o
o
o
e
O
O
(._
(-t
(,r
l-)
(-r
(_t
(.,
(.;
,,wqllNDtA ls677lL
STPO@,INGTOPruWDE
SOAAOPNETANMS
-778ftl*bBtN!
EO,
PUUTDTHE PLICYMATE ^
lN
DtFffiNraryta*s:
I tr',
-tl
&/
W,TOHEfiUUP.SE:SJ
You
CAN
@ Wnf DtPEtTAv
r:
,,.
t,
(
i'
t
((
ti
(
"The ends and means of development call for placing the perspective of
freedom at the center of the stage. The people have to be seen, in this
perspective, as being actively involved-given the opportunity-in shaping their
own destiny, and not just as passive recipients of the fruits of cunning
development programs."
WENUST HAVE
TTIE
OPrcEruNffY!.4
Amartya Sen,
lr-.
r,{,
g,l
FREEDOIVI
axu THE
FOUNDATIONS OF JT.ISTICE
tltOtSZtAnAnSA
l,w,oFQmtfiz,*
ttrV5fte
ffitS
'ffitinnnrrmi
AN WAIREqAS!,
W
81ffiffii
;ls
'
;N';,tAnou
@p/s7
&
J.,l/
Jtr
w#r#ffi
@ernwauYlz4
l'mo-ouP,wru'BE4ct
Bsbxn@ts?
uersq@l
0c7
.CJ-
t{)
We,BeAwE EIPLE
DIVERE,THEYAVIW
Fjic;iirtootreBe
ffi7ucry!1yry.ry:,f
iine wal-Entt
\iffii
"rirffipe_tr
A ND
1
1
.. !
",
"rl
mvtmwetnLsEE,
m
77tls ot$lt0{
'tueez
lD
Zz \-
')
)
G,,
.ANDTHE2EnREt So
-/\
'i ft
1r
a('
,a
9t
lt,
"C-
V,
7H4FMr
THINGSUKWTED
frP
SPFqA-Aof4ilttG
ANDflENNG,,,
U
C
trffiw:
'fref ii'aiut
DIFFEPE^IC
.qffi-t' ^,, ^
'uffiunilffimrwj.
o
o
htorfrTAtt!
C
O
z\'
o
o
I ll'
Otc
I
'ganwtmatw nmHOW
O
O
!kffi
a)
Y
l\-
WrnwtwAY tN@lllgAP
L)
L)
wr/w77 wEu-galcalN ^
tnmn*v0u9
EtfiTETlEnq{Orue vaPt
-mhttLvoFTilwr_afl!4tF!!: "'il,lll+lE*vD...
'k-E-iimnumx-44D
U+RYVRY|UWH f'
we FP4 g:, 70 Be Ftrcii'i?Engtjrii at E4ctqd
leiri.ager
'
KllvanPHm1\{tLY! -,
#-sePV ttt wB,gctA U V8 !
U
()
(,.
(-)
("_)
.lt'
(_)
ar
Wt
,,AND @WKUP
OF THEREAUTY*
AlPYMYUWNGA,
fnUCH-il*ir7cE!
-aaPly,WEHEDTO
uxnt74//NtNA
ount@,t@t@LiYl
i@BnilDqdrygPre
nax oNTffaSE
(_)
77{,
'
(?
cJ
l
WHATW
ffiTlrE+N2
TteuorzurwtttxawN
rc n AttY 70 @/t V-sr 77rgn
'jtrne
wAvmm,onuel{-4
xvitDs ls ffffff@utYTs!
-a
ebon eurmetnffitt&GH-,
iil iti o F M frrE Pt a L PusE !
i
(;
(
tl
('
v^irC
a
(
i
(
-)
')'
"g
-rxActly!Tqlsts@l,,.
7oto,t_qt_o.ng,M!1!!R
', t;-lt E tt't ibiA: 'cbn s ivivip n e
Wm
70 AffiR, lil Paeuc wrn{'
grsllAfiE",,
t#
-tTHfif\Wlf nEN@
!G4
i\ tl
lui
)
\e
W,W
WI/TflUSTWEB
LOOKNGruP,AS
lnbtwua41
7<\
t lt
u/
THINGS.AKE HAYING
EEIF.F5'PffT,AND
TAKING PAET/I{7H
i;tr-ft'il4toNry
NIHG
vr^
* A,ttD t
i&'?omoy295A RhW
ffIAUD
'iasiintfuffitrc,*.
t Ee
-',
e Tocrtu t R 4ffryvlTt v
,7omew4r\oNs oF7H6E
n t nctlot tttx To cRaqTE A
-,
B Bt u
7-.1
'i tr
4
el
r-)
') i
9"
vl
o..o
-nte
rAtE
1P,-EING.rrcAl{Y& ry!
stupt-v aEtNG,ffiLHTEly
Hz6ED A" FD..:
7\
tr I
c.)
T.nnou mvPd
iedgxtflAY
rBreooMTo LtvE
ne wny w) wNrP
LtvE?..to c+tasel
l,-<-rce
gYaaPtE. n resrrr
w;w,w
l:
nortwt .
HsTW_:,
/)\
e\,(
,9
\ ,\/1
, tt
'Ji/
l.::.,rt
'A
BezlraotrE$dlc,ry
,tloasETo F,TBmLE_
AHETO ffinApE7HAT
lutw ts rcoD7FlPE,,,
'mtcnnwfl;
##f##JZ
-f,il'piyy66orce !
1HTIS7A|E
QUflqY!.
7/\
f\,
O
c
(
1l{lNig
DETEPh1 tNE
AND IVOPE
<
liXn WA-WilC?
lr:
"rrnusrHaP?
,ffit1
l )f
gCr-
aA^lNff'{q
, ll
a5
HOWAN@PIE
ruilllREtrrE
nsgHkn
,fuRALtrUg?
B\lCaUEC|WC I
ADNNGTO WHqTISKNOWN
ABoUrlNvE NEAUq|W
AND lNCAttE HUtr7NAl,lp
VIAKIIIG A D)(RTM EI"TTS ..,
ltMtt
@tr
tr
qruNVEETYtrTHE
fuOP$MTAN
AtqEtfl;5oNE
Mtpgo!"w
L
. I'
^,.,
)-l/
Cir)
!el
,,,,
A IIEW ruAD
CATI
E MTED
T:MEDArue
mHru uy771/Pul/x.
NOTONY
7/\
/i ,1
a
I
-l/
It
ut
4j.
7\/EWU/ES
'*i;{4
(
'j
\J.
(o)
;
UJ
L'J
UJ
ff PovEgry,,,
:l
,i,
,?
"l
.'l'))
'"1
,l
r_J;
,l
,':I
,,,8(n, rcWgrynff
aN NowrestExnsn
EPP|vATtulorAstc
APPNAH"PIG$T?
AHNLW,norclusr
lN@i4E
q HH LW
D E PR I YFTIO N A PE I HTRI N SI CA II.Y
I M N frANf ! lO W //'lMr4 18 oN LY
ft(ffi|il a{rfi.ry aEil I Ft wtT,ls tr
'oavp asty ! rcvE Ery
vNwnns wHY w
NE@ztleAAHWW
/$ ttoT.77t oNLY
A ND
Wtt6
WHtrWEqLL..,
At*nftno
:-,1,
I
,r
),
,)i
.tI
I
'l
,PI
oFtuwTXANDLyENloW
/N@MEffi,'
mrc
Also lttAKE tT l/4 P,fP*. 70 @il wT /t@v
YIS,THINGS YARY
CAI,IVAPY A@DINGTDA@I
GENDEP,ANDTHE
ffTwtrt't cQvtuuy77n,
nur*totNNwDanL,s.
9c4P5
wil,E
ll4vE
srrrlt
70 PLAY
,,)
.,1
,
)
a
,
,
J
:,
)
)
)
6TRIBWON OFLNCOAIE
ultHtry 7HE fr7M tLY Also
cot1 PLt ATES 77tt jV 6s,,,
SOME
ffitYtoFE TMN
THAP FAIP,,SHAR,,
...WH4IEA|HRSAtr
GT SYS1E|Y|AT\AUY...
YES!
PPIVDF/4.*YY
FAVOURED
GIPI-S EYEFYWITERE!
wrcm7}lms:!
I
)
)
)
)
I
,)
L
I
7?dErr
'not+twEPq
-rrzetps
oF dP,t 8 ts-ruFsffiD,
AtL ovEETlrEwoe,lD!
',rpcY,arux&'
wlvt to o KQ
E ffiJl
(i
;'l"
lliiiri
F,
l'
t"
NoAP,BHl,lEt{T...-,
'-rtbruilfrttt!-
il,triiltri#Ir#
('
r-
r/ |
t\
l-
(*)
-9
Lj
l'r.
'
vArT
't
bp*eruBryHaq)t@ry
-CtiEtteeuNEff@tqra
DEml YrnN tN TRvts or"'
cAmBtan6:!-m
NNTSEE
4m q
\tT!!
W{W1"trffi,:W:!
ffi I * rQlq il 2* H.
74frr s wHqT 7HE',CP4 BlA7y
-Fru;
f/4
|ffii>ssj-afii6-Bsa@
N Dr,
C;
i'
ETLX
(,,
t.
WE
7H
MIOIE
ilcraPE!
ft?
'
\
\
lr
' tncs u re
E4.v_c
a rcet't I W
?,#E-frff"'(,*oY'Xl
WtrW^rNttr#'iif,g:
ENttoTHR? lEeNoffiful
(,'i
:
..,
(l
i0
c->
=<l
t
1.UKEmelYolHP. nsAN
ECONOT4I DID?APAT,
hIWAN,&UTH RoA,rtltD
/A7P ilNA,WHO HAD AU
SaPPLhEDM\e 6umt
TOTHAP P&HES.I
'M'tTtttt(^s!,,,
EASIC@{M770|t,
ilAtTHAEfltD
'r*apet !
/NIYA I
t/' "t
'
(.
I.
l
.J
,}
J}
J/
.BrcAUSE
INNT
KNOW!,,,
rePAU
IN
HAD II/-IIED
&4gcEA)CfrnaN,
HA ITHEffi,AND
reruRN!
)ffisortttruvny
U!nHEN BYaHNDINC
UtYt N A PA Bl tJTl EA WE
CEN flPAND PNOUCITVTTY
'U
'-wPEAcfll4lly t-MD,
4#Pffil,vt
NND.EARIIIIGNWEB!
ilHAVHAPTULHUAEE
Itr?lfli|ffi
e ia ut ai;ffie
pA
rru,9
77{Ar
D
T\EE Tll
N
iN
cE,
DE
PP.t vAtt oN ! . . . Ptcflr ?_
D
nt
bovetw
REDCE
?i Fetffis
BTTTHE PfrH.,,
HAVETOMIT,ruR
TlilsE06!
ggtg
W ! sn nY BY BEttG FW
IN
:AUSE
'/\'
7l
,s,
YE9!N'tY DEEPAND
lN ANY
.H,NMNry&4E
pae,YYTIIAT
Smsry, Ct
sPurrr! EADLy! -
cElsslfttPt-y
rnw6s?
70 TAKE
mtN,*tEtylttDwEw!
ffi,y. ttt taltTY
wr r ts n ev*
gCuB tON Al TTAELY
tAL
ffi
"AN
pm1llilsl
rI
9t
-Tilrym,.,BWy^u cAlr
annrttvRADlcfrT
NrcUAIITY-RITITAS
nwnwrutaamuo
l',H|',?,.,
INTHISDA/
waewttottAvE@D
v
ij'r:.'
Pm.rT,,,
wrr,
t__
t
so,Au&ll,s Nrlll
TOAnwDaABoUr
,ffiifiyp lfiilflDuA
Rf,fuIIEIBIUTIES!,,,
rcFsNrrT2
,WHETHEP,
YOU'PEENAHA
TOTAI<EUPNE q]AUflIS
OF Y1UPUFE, m.7>06r
IET 77{E 8TA rE, m, s o trtE
r7IqERS,Eqpuvat?
L,
ROBABLYfrIETHITIG
tr
C
,nO \R'STPIKE!
(_
(._
C
(
C
C
l
'
14 N D
ro@,6yft{ru*4lmEtrqw|
TT|A
THAR APABIUTT!
IIA9RENWIg.E
gTiffiffitfrfrJ,gqtsE
'IYDlEEARLY! fi1W77/Y
APr
MlsgflctnvF
iwawstHEt+wJD!,
.ITS&
(.1
UNFAIP,ffCALISE
NA,TY
APEING
(.
OFWE/P,
DEPPIVED
'WEN
ailusT!
M)ND.
AVONA CAPABLM
ffs
^RtGttT?.
t,
(,.
(,(,-
?^
0
ro
, (-r.
!
(,((.
k1,
(,
,TB
oF TttE Rteff p n
'APE
lggy
r.-
(,
(r
()
(,
YOU
IIAWffiLYPAD
67ll.t
AsTm!
!
(
1ti
1)
z1
/ '
(.
(.
(
(
(
',The issue of public discussion and social participation is thus central to the
making of public policy in a demcratic framework. The use of democratic
prerogatives-both political Iiberties and civil rights-is a crucial part of the
exerr:ise ef economic polic-v making itself, in addition to other crucial ;roles it
may have. In a freedlm-oriented approach, the particip':rtory freedoms cannlt
be but central to public policy analysis''
{
\
(,
(
(
(
(
22.
i'
MS,STATE,AND
SOCIAL OPPORTUNITY
ffirffi"ffi69;
A4unuYQtasc6 mZ
,,,ANYTHINo ?
lrl,
'jwt
have good reasons to buy and sell, to exchange, and to seek lives that
can
fllurish n the basis tf transactions. To deny that freedom in generaf
a majlr failing of a society.,,
"oulJU.
ilEEDlo1e*y/tfir
i
I
1999,
p.ll\.
meE
ffi
77ils Coil S
Aty 77/pY
tr P47 77/E D mddrl t C
O(TTCOIII ES OFfiARKETS, RE, TJ&E
/il@/Vq AQ aVUT/8.8z4{DS0 O,l.
AB
WEAGTffiG.WTTED
4B6UP,L WnY!
t
t
t
1
I
t
1
1
t
t
t
t
I
,
,
YB!BWWHN
DASNT /{4tr8v,,711
PROBIEA|g A|APT!
OMgWULT\GHTNOT
-N+NKtr.
I
.t-'tr
400s
w+,?E
AND WHOYOUI'*K
ruPrWxwz1
yEE! No
EIAWRY.AND
BOIIDAE!81?
lT77U@8
A^I,YKQW!
i oPHN \1L/NGS
AKE
7HREEDA\tr
SjilTlS!--
7.- \
')
,'
1
1
23.
(..
,So,tyEpWlN6 E@DSON
a)
t-:
,IANDilN|FAU
COMPETITIW OR
NEDED loARKFTE,+PE
THEP,ANDHAWTNO(G|{
TTHEDSTO BE
NruPNATION,,,
fttauorcusnc?
cofitrmtvE?
o\
(:)
(r'
r1,
({)
.9^
o
o
o
O
l)
-i
'trcAqs
(.
rT6ilora6y70
IMPfflV.fulrlEWYtg
arugruNm
wm{ouT
tuBc!
BtrTTTlFFPEUn-EmctAW
TH E lrlA PK tr rn UST 0 PRfrE frT
mow,softi
MH,EAtrEIOqPEP,
yot)
7PffiW'ffiEies!
REDnANG SA'/B@/A,SEL5
\NTH/IIAP,KET:' RGttl?,
'naffi+1tu-rit- W+*.
BUETTETWT9ACTONS
mveruww!
.,._of&Trr*w
HElt!,
o
\('
(*i
)
f)
t,_,
ep
(,i-'
;!!:Y,
(_
:\
\-
r'
(
7HI N6g U KE' U N E7r1 PIO{ M EffT
BTIEFTT,ANOEWXM
il"$ellY !
AIIOWDTON!
lrsflorMaNflE?
1IIIflAPKT., rT
HAgRUIEAilD
RUTTNS?
t
r\/,1
ffii
aaaaa
0a0ti
CEEIAINLYI A4PKET
PutEs wu nuow EotE.&
oNE GPUPT? GET& ru,YPFAL THATTHEYTAKEOVEP
..,.
A
MhNOruLYJJasr
uKe N wGAt4t
AND FOP,I4
'ltlottoMlyi,,
tlfA
)
v1
i
t.
ra\
, t,
c)
l.r
(
I
(-
(
(
a.
'
,
(
('
,,,77JM'S
,-
'ifi
6)
I lt
{9/
ONLY
aNE WTNNER!,
(
(,
, lr'
.3
e1
(
(,
,.,
2+.
i
I
',j
it
JJ
1l
tl
[iffierM
'tr?MP
PEOPIE,,,-
n{oc*sMroNttA
ToANtilawDN!
_,'
WIWWtxruE
m wfu
Ianus e ffi
q ntw
THEIP
oqtt
8Er7@
luwT.
RrtHR 774AN
tteg uat : u er+t
WruUNCAUY
FAVUtrD!ET?
TH FA BrJ C //t7Ea6r.l.
1t
il
,l
1l
tt
tl ruauctuuiaili!"
tl
UEE?rumhl
tr
'!ATIOWEflOTNEDI@,
E-|P/qo_NsAryt7rylfl 6ArE
'
'
opmmzttny!
LOaN
lff7wsT',
70
AWD W*q7
u8fr708 Utlt'usuRy,!
_rl
rl
Iri
t'
,l
sll{tPLY fDsFEDtFY
THEWD,WMIIA
wHtcHTItEtvtAP&T-
bffiHTPLY!,
NO, BIlTzHilHETz 7
THEYAtrHA.ED.I,,.
wEflEm NAPKETS!
eH
7HFiORr<AL*{E
II
, t,
G)
9/
t,
J
,i
,
,
,
TrlE
CT t zqt s
avE
THE
oF
RrGlrT
e/Ery
co
(Nrw
aK PgtC &4StC
EDrcs77elyA*O
/NF\qS7PIETLtr,
@DBHA}CFFREN8.
I t{ c,u D bli,*+1 8 tH,/ BU C @ D"
H)EIE,STM?,
I W lrl,4<Er m x xor reow ae !
,
,
,
I
,
I
t
, lr
63/
v
aa
taa
\r,r,
r),
FlHowrcrqmBbzo
PAYMMTHS7frTE,4AS TO
/|{TA/AE $/m!H)BtJC
,i
\,
,?
\"--,
tt
\.i
8 ASUAUY NNE
Bf 'NmNgrrtMc',
.)NomtnsruENrE
A'cffis wEtloalD*,
'tjwaruryt .,
7HI8
, iiNDdTTWHO
w,r.r8w.
._l
TffiTffiffi
lffNEtuGtrileut
'.)
1
i}-j,
:-,
p
v
p
(-
l*)
YAIID
INFINDINT
rutrrurue444o4
nY *soenoxs
mlNUP.)._
TtanntumpnerPxrlvlr;
'inficmryq-W!!gr
tLaswetrilEtlT)ANP,
ruexHyW
'nrxTHEtrAEAlg1utEas
(;
(*,
AC|AqUYmwreo,wfrT
-bnu,yotsmPrlNg!
ll'
i_
(*,
(i
{r;
{:)
(,,
91
(,
(_;
(
EO:TNEAilSlFSflI;
18NOTfrTAU,,,
EASY,IS IT?
'#,?[ffilfi&tr
I.,BLTTTUE
iteotutYTo
PCtBtC
fffnria lulswmstYt
NUEr
PAY
trDENflF|ED!:-
,iF
('/'>
.
tr/l
()
(
(',
('
t
(,
CEMHUW
pg 4ttstAtEo
BE ACKNOWD IN
6A/!CE
ruutstox!
--
r;
el
t J.'
ot
t
4t
t,
(
(.
(
(
(
-avo
r rrttvTfrlNg
Low NFATrcN,1D
sii,manimBBTAWm,aryo\
-rli*uan in
tG F tiiiiia
4
mTH,Alil
@D
&-lOEfUg,,,.
A
W,ffiffifu't li
(
a
i
(
iffi"v!-
(
(
(
(
(
t:
qflouLDtwPPY-
'wE@Pc1fltttc
6M
fit
'.Y_E_8,v?!
qoe THAT!lllrmn
wt.vllapY
"!
TTWITHEffi. FACtLm$ R)tQEttre{
NAB6,fr,tD7mlN! DWIilNED PUBUC
ACTION!_EII?
CRffiTNftlORE?81?
;1r
'j t'
rlr
,
e,
'VlqfgRlcftT!
EuN WHEN Bl
ecgnfi
m
,5dS NEED To
L4P-KET
BEry.ABUSHE4WE&Afifu
77/E^ qfq-m)noilE oF tt^ L77t,
EA)a477W.
..'.
T47vt
UP!
lN8Ttrunofi6
HETPN(ffiE
6YI{ERGY!
70
7W'
wlMebry{DPtuEt&lg?
!^.^E
tl>l=
E S UPPtEkt lrrD BY me
ruP,
77._
ffaAgtcaPwrrNmbs
SNtil &Ut|y At{o (77C, .
l,.AltDottyteyda
Puauc
tflsifiLttot
CANMTHATH/&Y
ruP,NWO+IE!
e)
lEz'-
i\,:'::
THE IMPORTAITCE OF
DEMOCRACY
WW
rt!ffirfl'.
AAAH !...ttEtt!
ffiHAVE
WHEfiHEruR#AV
i
srutlaV?
HEH! HEHIOD
utzewewAtyw
\\(N// 4
lt{Etil@twtrffi'wrtt
-N-ffiitDrumcAL
NEED. \FOU
'Fim'rcwtfrw ARE.MR!-
iforruricat
FREDA',IS!
t0a
@-*s
,,zrteuwrtnrya4gr
Afficlg ouPfiGrmstc
c*eeumXl
ffi,
ffiiamwnrryry4
i Eins 70 u{DEP'sIAND
W*
bts
wttlToUP1&,
NEDS APElft
frhFFEwruawt'
C
(
ii
,it
9,
rf;
\-r ,
,\J I
Flilfrr$W,
ww&E sawr{oF
OUR,TANMIilST
bemmecy
ts
frE}'4-ui-n
filHEftEP
a6nR^.
W^m#'Wr-&i
!
o
N
rscttss
wmif
7i#/cttzl
Wr:
t
7-\
fGr
O
IYE
I t t'
-t
c-)
N%
r/ r
C2^
'tyELL,7l[El,SAY,.
i
.
THATTTTEWT
ACTAALY WANTT
TffATwAY.,
r
I
(
(
i
!
;d';i
)aaa
I
(
Lt'r'l
aa.C
it
Uytpmo+?noeay
l*l
EWB,trEN PEOPI
77/ErcEN/4to@U
,t
mtM!BurEw,IttA
H,+stRtor7.,
lt
,l?l
lg lF
op tHETAgrTST
aNMITG aCONNIES.,
',,,
INAEPICA IIOW!
/Ylfi,lyYE1RS!mnocwy
,l
,l
,l
it
il
rl
rl
ri
,i
tf{SocryR!4a
HIAgITTO GruW! -
lr
tl
)l
,l
All D Nf5WAlt
lA HAS BEl,
A{oAstseM,rcv
pe
B0.T$tryfr,ul
q ff
.,,/fl771r?
EtlAbP
'
DID
Jnsnryiwatsii'
pAtlEa.t7'5778
nsTRUilaflpE
oFMrtapqcYt
7\
,
\l
rJ
Iri
,2,
I
,
r)
,t
I
,'
I
I
,,,BIII'Wf:EEffiS.AAID
Tt mln c4 c g t:||tr,.sue-
VTWDTHAIW,WAIUNG
lAm n urntnntatoeo!
i^a.
-N-r r'-.k L,
WEff/I!NA-AI{D
WPOH,.1@AS
Ag
T CIUIL UBEEfi*,
w av cb@Mtc
SE! /FPULEreHAU 70
AEK.IEfiON,THryHAWTO
IETTONNYDLqTEP
USTET'I70 WHATWHE:S4
AN D fiA,P. Wtlqr7TtY WAilT.
o--'
F-\
i\/ \i:_>r^-
r)
l.r\No+
I
I
t
I
t
t
I
I
I
t
V^l
DTHffilSASO
@fijlRt)q,4/
xmNa,saldts..,
THE IIFT&MATTON
com
UN D E
wrrHotT cbm.aoxZ
| \l
'#W"r-H^
I ffi'Ww trlrlrr
I
I
7H
29.
(_
ti '
W71, S1PETWTH
TAWTHII{G
TO
mNrrU,qV
;Jffr''
TtlE LEEtrlrlaDERN
'yrslunwcYwrutrgEt't
coMMaNrA'nailE.n4P
mfitd!mqnctPfrlaL
'ieilt'*:1 o,YES,tTHAgt
_
a-PM|TNM,ANDlIIEUfftr
r_l
(:
THtg
7,,,
BITT,WEEOHE$TIU
HAYE 70 DC"T1IEilI.
EELVEE! 6TIT?
DEtrlffiA;y8mPL
PruWDEATHERU#ID14IE
-PWru-,nFEGNFA9
"fl)re!
THEil-EO \HfrT.PEPLEM!
iriott
wnttwEtPuva!
ffla cAth?
beowaBY@PIE,uKEas,
70
P,q
TALKING .'
RtGflTS !.
ffi
1tt
wxticvNcuxtos!
aP tuEfaN
r-)
,EPs cAt'{ Dksalss
c_l
C
I
('\
'.,
o
,4 (:)
I
rf, (
PISSIEENIS?
flqARES?
lt
(.-,
(t
!.
(-'r
r-;
(;
o(
o
(,,
fr
lJr
{ (,
tst
cotrPtBuflary!HlJn(
NEDTO E llENRD NAI*|
.AIVD
BEruff|HE ,
VOTE ISAKEN !
W|frflfrT
ANDHOWWfilAW
PUYSABIG ROE
IN DEVOPING OUR,
.fi0ARED,S@IALU4U,
AND IIDEIRIYIINnNG AR
Rt*mB!
IS@INGTOEE
(,
6 (,
(',
(
(,
a
r/\
!)
(.
I r'
fl
(
r
(
8o,706uMrTnuue ffftsMor
U{LY ftTNETANTTO MlEIDP
DENffiANC INS'|TTUNAilg,
IT IS ASO VITAL TI{NT W A L
r\
I tf
gl
3-)-
Y! PPACflCEDEfrIEffiIC
wAYg tatauPmLYuWS,
AND UIOPKfrTTIN4NG
ENEPACY WRK!,
lS li44,ErAtrme n
AWN <SAK,\OT,WT
ffCAI8 ITHEIPS lN
ECONOM\, GNWT|./
,r\j
?j
=/
tu
(
r
(
(
(
(
(
(
{'
(
I
LJ
'oots@
fgOUOmt
TWqE_6ErEtjofW
@7OET?
7a
\
'{NtrtoNt
fQoD,seRE@
-ni
Ho us
e_cH!4N Q ilEpY
Etp to
o
HAqqcct,nrOl
'&w,l_o4uwE)M
tm
tf lTt_s7vry,
m)
F&a
ryu emce erc w euo uek
,4ND lF tTtg..,.
uyE A l@rw uF rco D, oB e.qpN rw iix AFruRMEG!
^
4T tII nM6, nfirl u u v to Aur wun i
!!n.,, ^^ )laai itViliiiirrt
I
::+
,-'] r.
\!tl
$w
ETACTLY!wHqT
KI,IOWAyTHE
wE-
E/flAIBE
@IDMOfl' MLT BE
Rtct{T//{aem,7o
AUotO
ffifiitN
=
i:.'l
ff.'''it"-,1/
4lAgg.@eppuD,raso
DEN DS Uruil,WA *vO' pv+
F#t*s,
u re upr. tnc's. nunilestre t77r5
YES,ITW:
ITSELT mNAL'AI+/S
BEIVruE7ED.ruN
THEWORI^DIqARKM,'.
i,,BWTHE
OF
DI,grPI,
FOOD,AIDTHErcTAAL
AuffiTtoNaF.TAPE
o77{R/IVruEANTM
fuDHAST0UEeRxeo'!
|\ ,l
1a
.,^
--J
-G-)
sr'
world.t'
t-
I L|KE lN,SWTHg,g.t
,f
(1:
(.,YEg,THEY
'sq.,.D(tDEilAcRnc
PRoEES HELPTO
Wgfruattr?
YOU
NEWR9AID.,,
re.
'ylE
HEIPTO
|TERMTNEAND -,
tt,TH
E R E A R E_TH
>.
E E-ELFl14,:!4i, .i
MruV
t'vr"t'b"
trte t"
Et(ryUE-llT
ts7HE
-i
rll\ol.
lnEKtr lv
ria,y.TTTERE
' -i
wit' enatPfRs{ Q't1y5fflloso i
c-MRot's,,,vJElRAqETE!
-f.4r1f
f'r--.
.et.1,,_:
:,:'::t
a
C
rT, /'\
^ r]jr
vt
iJ
a
ii.
(:
FOPMOSTtrOPIE IN
7HE WoRtD;WfrTd.tLY
MEANSTEIEUWTIP,
gKIUlOEEU,,,,
PAA|T ff?**. El{ ? ,
AND
ffi,frilm;{n#ffi
'oa'reffiaA64
iFrs!wu.,-rc(
l -.
tctuoe
,Y
e,
'F'.1!"h
^W'
uAsTD7hfruLwofl
,mg{glrflE-TrE,
'trTEct{ilAfiYfrvDtms
a
(-
(_
,
toinwovemorrotl ;
(-,
(
1"
'
f,- \
, .1,
olt
..-.
i.
Ct
V-:!
ihrii
..-,
14
(
(
.YEIS.TNMICUTTUREAND
L I KE
N EW H I GII.Y I Z
D I NG
flEEDS? YIKNOW,INBIO.
TECHNOLAGYAND PUNT
7D IIIMSE
RE&EAPCH
'PRpDUCrlrm?norrf,
't+o
I
DEAy AND
T EW WAY S IN
fuIARKtr,ANDTH7HIRD
'oinrctinee
TIIE
PMltlGoFmoruP
7H IN GS fiII)ST BE
7:
,!
v
.(&J
AFFORW,E
BY11NSAMEANoW
-ri-ruC
P@DtrP-,s! EH?
:.,NAKING 7HE
THINGS
Iry
@ilmofis !
WFIE
NECI!
Wr'N64
I ll
(.
(,
I;
r
t
;..
(
,
"3
V,
I.
,frT,,'
PIOHT! WHAT4g
CALEDTHE,WA.MD.
ff^ffi'Wf^Y!
1ffi
6l-.
PUTSIMPLY,,, IFtND
c{uP -ANDWAGEa
ITCAN UASE IIAYE
,EN
Nflr...
PtrOPLE
W//I
STARV
r
I
(
(
(
(
t,
=l
/--
-;r
,Y'
>--4
!
i
I
(-"
-/
ir
JI
.?l
:l,i
l(ffif,-
4p
ol|\tE
PRtcE'
'vfrTeflR477 0 !
.YEE
'MlAuyNtTTtilWn
AFPEPP,*\qDA
FK|qRffiNVIOE
aospToTHimP'lz!
l-r:
,L,
}i
,l
it
-rl
-rl
l-)
a'
)a
al
at
;l
r)l
ll
rl
WEftlFAtYS.,,
1
,9
Vt
4)
PAEruTTCg.IVIR
MFITA,ilTIG,l,
"".4t0ErwDY
A ND
MSftru)S
A{ D GrcW IlI G
gqx otUy !
@P; 4B' VERY
V tr RBIE 7o Dp YVs A ND rf{V
,fift\sl4al716
rl
HAYEA
CrtVR}IK\ ENTS
O'
NoTUSmUyHAWTWW
',,
70
P@6/{oPaff8,,,
rl
iI
r--\
il
iri
_)
DNUGI{TSARE ENDaKIIC
/N OUR. COUNTRY!
<ra
iI
j
,-l
YE8,&AU*EEOHEfi@7O BE
G t wN 7HE ABTUW 70 CAqoen:
mD W 77r IUAP@ 476 nF
A vn UAB|E stlP EY
htq
6HAPED! -rffi
AuY
S7A7E HASA
@E7OPIAY,
AND BLSII{.8, IN
Tt+ts ! trmutrAcrL
TDAUelATTrctmy,trftlW
I
I
)
t
I
I
I
I
I
I
l
I
I
I
I
t
\
TIIENEDTO,%T
7lA ctts
7
Urlcvrrca2r
',
mZPtrA
Cel.V.t, O P Dt&t-1p-,
INNASE //{ /Hru.yny
MaN A sa Mt
BIMN
NDTH4yWSMEMHruE,W)MY
A AN Vrre7't cy,s4a Nil, . -
TO,SHAETHE
AS THFTAU //vP+qTHE or- /SAWAYg
HAPED UM'ITH
/\
t)l
{..i
t2
C
;.
C;
r;
C
(,1
()
p
ot-
(_1
TTE ErHpPtAN
qvttfiE
wAaTERPLBLEd
WE HAD PICTURES
OFruE PAIN...
FT.
,oA
NAP,)
UB!
-YB
,SO,THATSOME OF
7H MHELOS
nanB EMrmEilA:ff?
THFrcORCST?
-a\
't \l
-,
\'Yl
-)
(;
(.t
(;
lll
(*)
(J
-/\
'i.
(_;
ot
1,
(t
(,
(.,
Y ! IT ISAS lF
77/E
NATION
THH4ND||OETlz
woo
'YES
BBI
COUNTP,IB! .
(,
(.
(,
(
I,
(,
'
(
(
(
(
(
(
Amartya Sen,
Deu
(
(
i
(
J-.
il
,ttl
il
.t:
,l,l
,l,tl
,lrl
AENDLEO
YA
,r-.,-
nqitiH
1,,
rl
,t
._r'
rr
wour-D
tr
A M srAKE 70 THIN K oF
A N D WO\IEIT'S
7HEO\,ILY
WEU-trlilG
PTITNy
AS
EINq
HERE !. . .EH?
,ll
WU...WO/4AY NUSTNOT
WH
@B*
I
il
tr
looK&
PASS|VE,,,
HEH!
;ffi
-/
-Di
Dl
DI
{W
DI
Dl
rt
rl
rl
II
tl
rl
f
'!,Dr
.i
rl
rl
ol
ol
DI
I*EED IIELP-BuT
'oroup,sE.wowE{ Do
futv wmiseMx uN HaP p FS!E,
I,,WHN TH CAN
BE ACTTVENGATS OF,,.
N EEDD Afi'lc
t+BoUU*quY OF Tt{E
A, , Atrt f) -z tr tlftOt
n l
/8 ff/{6 m.tE AU OVP7HE
l,,An HnRE!
0t
I ti,
J. I
v
_.-\l
BY INCPEASING 7HE
wat&LEAsw6tr
WOMENI,g
AGICY-
BYAWANCING
t'
li
rl
li
ti
:l
fjj
'i
,.,.
AJ\
E/KIPLY gYGIV.NG OS
THEFREEDOMTO
MlENP CAPABIIJV-ES
'HFtg ot't TOACH\NE^UP,MS!
tNSetEw!
\-
a r,
l.,-4..
'i'l'2;i
OO,Q
cAmBtuTtEq,N!
ol
rl
'
OOREIDE!
ioo '/\
D r'' I
ta
M
.
Wts*ffitts,wiffii*
- wm.,q il o
M'E
R ffiN
THE\
O Mtc
BY SECU RI N O
fupWONEN ! EWN
INDEPENDEN|
PrcEgf &6'f'
ffi{ING
i,.
AI
lt0ot E anT/DE
- NCPEASING
7/ -l
' t,
..Indeed, the empowerment of women is one of the central issues in the process
of development for many countries in the world today. The factors involved
include women's education, their ownership pattern, their employment
opportunities and the workings of the labor market. But going beyond these
ruit.r ,classic, variables, they include the nature of the employment
arrangements, attitudes of the family and of the society at large' to women's
economic activities, and the economic and social circumstances that encourage
or resist change in these attitudes-'?
WMENilMA ^frPDALll4fN
{ EEDS TD 8E fiM RtrEN TTTO H ff
TI{EIR EYTP IBUTT I D THE H4 I LY'
M)CITW
.,
IN RffiRDTO
NED
cil
F@TO SAVETWPA'YN
IDPEt^l ! vOfi A{
70
MII,GlNDffiIIDEW
ltt?P'K.l&Pl.1E,
,iaffi,{$
MS REA/G qilD
MNTNLNY
SIE
.,'l't,." '\'
''rvt"'
''
,tt'rr
::*ffii:,,i
.'':'-'i
,i
,(
lrlARRlA,tS
CtWeUe?,4
-rrHAETo! rc-ause rr
nre eeOmeTHEtlRY
FOUNDfrTTON ffAL
I*IAEITCE,Sfi1gT
ji
t
?l
'il
't
ki!
lt
lg
=15,
\V/
2.ll+
-trt
v')
(i
v;
t | ,'
-t
(.-.,
d-- i
.vA
_il
1l
)ri
1l
"ti
-1
MTAI sllfHAsA57m4ffi
lN
NIH S&tEryfrt07tEl{d,1E!
iilt
ttotE -friDWtsAFFWS
THERJrureOFHL a/R
Gt Rl: ctil L DRA] D IRHY !,
r:
,(
'il
v
?-l
/l
tl
rl
e
Y)
'll
r'.i]"
CrC
rl
' I
ri
.rl
rl
+l
vl
fi
I
r)
ARNOT DItrATLY
L^1K.NG*lt?,W
alllDl,t,suMY?
YA>
(s)
.'rii,,,r
:--
.4,
Cll@sEt
i3
- .\-
,.d'
;::'.'/t
":\-rl.')
RilIAlNg,,
a.a a
!
I
TIEFACT
A--
1
1
7-\
vt [,,. ^',friffi
l
'.,J-=:-ffi'#
I,
77{8re
TIAT.BUT,
(,"1.1r,.---=-i,:f-.r
)-l o
a a.
,i
1
ri
c3
'1
, It
r,\,p
,:H#/i,:'"t
*,7/HIx.,.<-^
BECAUqE 771A4N
,l
rfllEPSTtxt
ACH|EYF
70
,",,,"?ff;ffi", 7-.
fp)
,Sffiij;
rr
lJh _-
'.
d.
7:,l
-
Nrt
Y../,/
5/.
EDUWEDWAUEN
l,{Sr67an MAKI{G
cHorcEg !
t*rff!
1HE
AI. o R EI,UI{S.THAT ott cE
HCT
f,
E,
yesl wotaEN cH{ G
PtalrrtorHETap!
t,rr. \,/
q\l/r,
,,,
pli
u'
--m.
!t1.rt",,irt
....fl-:
ANDWNIM<rce
vtottycE!
tffT
THEyvs{RD(re
VIOLENTCRIME !
4:t
\t
L-
Y9,
BW.il{
BurfiNDyllAs,so
,LffiKA |NTOtT!
lN EOllrllCS,WllEE
Httu%*EDrT
vwnmguE@rnEnRDfl:
I KE
771y
INREASEDTT{qP
l^'rlrf:r!r!,
t'The extensive reach of women's agency is one of the more neglected areas of
development studies, and most urgently in need of correction. Nothing,
arguably, is as important today in the political economy of development as an
adequate recognition of political, economic and social participation and
leade.rship of women. This is indeed a crucial aspect of 'development as
freedom'."
Amartya
1999, p'203'
(x-,
f
(
(
(,
(r
l'
(
fl
l!
3R.
r'
rLrru LATION,
.PJJTATTHFfr,ID
FREEDOM
trTHE
i,AX-ruPtrqPF
.tr'(r(J
ffi
lQlYig'l PIAY'ruF
AND
hlNOP,W,E/4EPE
Too,WtfrueY?
I,^'
-rlfi,'.ii
iit,1i.';,',,.,f
l{ARtc+wryruN
77tMAnHry 677{F.gfiqt
F/lPlYlEB-rgg4)aR
ruwcRgtrrcoD!
'hCIW,fr0D-NTHFUXOFtT
BA HreEPM&aq.ryOVR
Tlltwl^D!UW;*/E WtE-
SF,zAnNb-.suiEto,il'tilnu
SA47O
4WPrlfl^@L
EVW
WlEN
'ts,//'tHqqaw
trw
lN7HE
woRLD!Eilo(frH
ruRAU!teury!
Qe
.!-..:.
t1'.
'D,RUALY
AIAtrIING,
AdDBAI.SCALEWE
YOUAPENOTSPENDING
EV|OUG\|TTE tN 7HE
runcrcNdFrccC-
O,NBTHAT
WORLD
FAOA
custs?
HEDTSffiUJUE:
t:
s!ryeerTqAT BtX
OfEmSeAr4TT
EEuEvFnteBtrc!
70
B{n @fi
PTDUCT\ON//N
HCli
fr
('l', <J,0
rt/
\v
'
-\.-_
YES,rIE!N
trlHE GE,IFT
Eu(afircits!
7HE
Mq
ANDT\IEFL@D9 !
ANDWAP,AT,TD
@l{Fucfs,..
:.i
'(, +
t-
. (_
I
f'o,
ll,
ra\
(._
l, I
\-.
!-
\I
.'v
L.
'6It is important to see the production of food as a result of human agency, and
to understand the incentives that operate on people's decisions and actions.
Like other economic activities, commercial production of food is influenced by
markets and prices. At this time, the world food production is being kept in
check by the lack of emand and falling food prices; thi.s in turn reflect.s the
poverty of some of the neediest people.,,
M,,M
KERS
ffiD
:,.rcRryEKBODY
ONETH!WENWI
N,TFOrerrArctr
,ENTffIEMENTASA
i
I
\_
).
7-.'
\iU
,
rl
^)
i. 3,,.1
- \r ;'
::,r.;.t..3r
t.
!
't
I
IF THEPF Ig PLENTY
MDAROUND,W
CAN
,KID'OURSELVESTHAT
2wYts4uuGRy
?t
Erurw!wE
IKD,A)RSELVEE/
WE
/VIWTALWAYStrVffi
AWAPEOFTT4MSPffi
OF IIUNGER,I
trROryffA i4NE-t
,)
(
\
i,i(-fL
4o.
f-
til
i
,- '.
.J
J.
}
j
:,
tqp
tyt
'YEs!mEPEtsurnf
TA
KE-k-
nngr
,,frm
J
J
J
J
uPTWtAlMSLy
AH il 6 W IAST
CE|{TA,QY
OI'IE
WPEWAS
flE4PLyA
IN@A,
/98070
INTHffi
tw!.
OF
us tNTTtEwogD
IS INDIAN
.,
.,)
:-)
J
_)
.)
)
:)
'BWrrDoEs-{)y
70 BESLOWING DOWN
il ffi*p.@
?, ft4{
5y6ffi
i4 N D
!I4?ES.,BU| WHyAND
Howslfu\GtYQS'SnU
THEST;q|E
l/\
^\
ll
(3
a-lA
-)
)
tN .7V,-
I / r-\.c-
l{,iiqlr,
_)
i_),
fr-VIC.C,
)
)
,)
Mrfrf,@p5BlYmE
CHILD,EEN
,IANDTH
F/NAL
BuTfilANy PEOPTEN
WtStoN /vt6r77/0t
NOTffUEVETHAT!
BELONGTOTHE
fiA|{YHUSBANDSAND
TWUHAV* lflorHR!su@Y!
@AINOTHE"S!.
)
l-t tt )
! r,
.1,
utl-.
tv)
..r
)
vt
*,;)!-a.^\:. ..*
)
)
)
9,
)'
r, t
O;
,l:-J.
)
)
WHATA PE RI GffTS.' WN ?:
Hfitht. -puT, EVEN I F pEopE ARE ildr @RED ) 8O,
tr 4 N. !! D t vt D un La RE?;N DU c-77 V / N7o ah
Ly ptAN N t N G, lN CeAS /N G Ly roltcarto
), RlGH7TTEOV&WLD?
HA| I UES strft| 70 TAKE T,P w /DE ! rA
(
al
)l
)l
)l
,)l
[
)I
)[
i0
c.)
/T!
tt
I
lu/3
,:
,lrrttlll l'
--l -
llii,
..
r\=/
,\r/
4t.
l-nEA pE
EqwE@utDs
'
YOLONTAE1
m'et I nie ff
u:tcBntlY.,, lT l{A(PB'lE !_l/
R@UCTIO IN
,PNl
RATES?
rfr F
lcc)
('
e
C
C
(C
l-
C
C
-,,WyAqNE,AFELYIET
70 DEaID HaWIYIANYilEW
CTTLNEN7HEY CAN nfuP
TOBPINGAP!ffi
r,PEOPLEDONT
L\KE @ERCtoN!
AI{YWHRE IN
TH WOPLD!
,;\
C
(_
Ar
(''
t lt t
(_
, .
I r'
,g
\-J /
r)r
f(cJ7
C)^
r.
C->
C.
t(
,9)
(..
4t
("
nppanx
To,wtAL ctfANG!
(.
RUfi
I{IAffiruRA (,
STAE{
I tf
A
C/)-
a)
(
(
(
(
(,
(
"The magnitude of the population problem is often somewhat exaggerated,
but nevertheless there are good grounds for looking for ways and means of
reducing fertility rates in developing countries. The approach that seems to
deserve particular attention involves a close connection between public policies
that enhance gender equity and the freedom of women (particularly education
health care, and job bpportunities for rvomen) and individual respon.sibility of
the family (through the decisional power of potential parents, particularly
mothers). The effectiveness of this route lies in the close linkage betiveen young
women's well-being and thei agency."
(
(
((
(
(
(
(
(
(
t,
!
I
J.
)'
$
{E 7A tXE D
J
J
tr REPR1
cTt yE
ilGt'TTA.W$TIgA RIGHT?
-,
J-l
ali*x*
aatrurt!
ji
,l
J v'DTBEmvs
weiiiB
J Uf,ep2rffU,Wtffi
.) tt oryaopueur!;
1r,
-)
-'t:
)
..,
ei
'ttl
Rtffi
mmm
WITI]THEN?
| ,lr
.-,
-,
.)
),
.1 Ta
",,
A N D ftl
Nr H
)
)
$Q,,y147y:affi
4I
7HN DEPANDA
WHPE W UVE?
'l
I
rl
rl
rl
\?
'l t,
C-)-
,,
'NO,BUT,SOMEEAY
-
oo
7ht4T
Rt*ilsTHAN WE
^))
,EI,IYA,rcREMMPLE HAS
A Futt', Bilt ffi ,e/Gt{fs, tN
ac*{P/c{+T/SQUAUF@gY
PasstBtE excrenons!
,_
llf.t t
t/^u. klq
AUEPEN^g
rI
-.'i
'
vl
I
rl
I
I
I
'r
7)
fr
p^
#ru{%mul
a t,
)1
'
D-
t,
,,1
PE7l{79 7E?,t
uMtWrU,5ry na coNsrtlzto-gT
f,trfri'im
g
nternBiuorto
eLAtfirs
,FWED
WMl EGAL
WH'#x*ffi
?ie-q:1ry{Ls^W
to ewmBce
i;,rtNDAl*1f\
IMp0SSIBLE 70
1HfrTAS IAW,,,
U
a
5g:sone&DY C:
U
C
(_
C
C
C
('
(;
tlE ff 771 Da
u tiunntRti# ls na^sEA6A
6Y ETfIrT OF ETHI CAL ruN KI N 6,,,A,g 7HE HSI I il
HErTcUtaRty
.ptm
cat ohlAttDs tzcAuY!
'B tT THE REAL vA
Ci
'we'ent
H aqq!rD-
c*t( d{AQlrr-.oil
a
PEAHB'. Rl6il" ruP *ruPLE,ZS (:
D LM. R &LI W\ffIS, AS KlIY D OF
e
GU DEANS OF ffiPaISI BlLTry !
(_,
'ffitnffi)i@*tirrzt
(,
(
r
r_.
(
(_,
,yES,L1KEWq,fil
mqS.
ntemteeareaunouEi
w+H7?#reffiH&tfts
7l+#r,SfrtD
BE,$IRED
7- \'
'cu)l'lI
ecL
vt
@
8
enBerorwttwRE!
t:
'BcTHEVEgqDEA oF (_
HAMAN RIaflA CANSII (
HE.PTOEUPHE4Aff i
THFIA^IEAG OF
{
r
(
:..,
(.
rl'
a,
lY-
\-/
(
(
so.,.Mn6se
HUTAN RIG4{7g
UNIVER,AI ?
.WEIL
P A ND 7H DMA\IB 1
ua CV co nuat wRrH YAg ARE
OFAFPICA NND A8IA, WI77] 6LII
.
U'JU
t
(
I
v-'
\
i'i
@)
(
:
\
(
]
_(
,,THTITI AMN
DtFTtcuffToEAY
,,,
AWtrfli5i/f,7,tr
PIRADITI
To
D
wmlouT,yalllll
70
oN
EE$thtryJgnc!
HY AvoI
O N oF tH E
S lM
TH E hU HElylEtfiTrt
.ANDYT7HEMGIftlEE,
SNLWMTOATTFN'
wEsrERN
cnntat?
HGHTAOE.SERVA tCE!.
I It
9t
,1,
ED
'BrcAW,luMN PtGgTs tvE @hti
ro ff PElw vm, pP Aqm.w mt,
'l,,ltoAC|UAUY,
THAT
y@Bt-oE,tffiW-wrin
tNoTlRq,
l@,vaTFWUlmXnfnsWl
A IISFULDISTINC-I7ON qN
D&AWN
Ftol.Mtoil
vn
ff
ETWA{7HEUUoE
wt7/4R&1RD
tsNTt7i
.,,:
ANDTHE EqOWJTY OF
7HATt877tN
'Rlc
OEF*EDTOEYRWYEIN
APAtrICI.(AR
'Ytg, ANDW4S,SAIE
EEING48 GE|RAUY
TRUE lNTHE IA,rcERAND
lvloR
o+tplrstma
/il ASIA,ruRXAIlPIE*,
WTPKNEW
WHfrT7HEY.
wnwo!,
tr
H,W
ORDERED DAflC|PUNE
7?/E6Mr
@NF(NAN 6T4 . A ND
77/
7DIE4,16 A ID 7ND NI DTAL
/-N
! DDlllSlYl &
uA uY
ta
lN
nQMVT
ntafn +t !,
cutFuctus aDrT/&)&4G
OPMSTT|ON7D8AD GOYRIM ENT.I EUNffiAt KINGS Dt D
YDT7A&47E77+ATAND
a)asD REyOUmO*9.,
iti I
.t1
ANDtsTttAT
wwffitffin#
am e t@,
tbdlBeceru
wuy-\
uafinilPtGntriAVE
BfuVlEIDTNFD
wtw'wEt5-6,By, Denr*gncuAuf?
YEAR'S OF WTEP,TJ
'
OP:Bffi?,
I un
t s Do tilN TED. BY 1HE
o
lYT A N D
{ia
C
C
_\
C
C
C
e
C
t'
,Ih,INtr'WIRN
A)AUP
IIKEEUNDTTN]DAaHA-
tqnunBA!At$Gwmt rv,
Wm
NEa-AruElwFsEtvtoDRN
@ IrtM UM Cfi DON 8, A'I D 7HE
INTERNETAN CIUI{OEUP
LIVES HR.THEBETTER!
,v\
I
BI
BUTTHA{EAct
Ufl
C
C
(_
c
(_
('
tl
.t
a-)
v/
(_
(__
(_
C
(..
:,,
Y!WEhIWAUDffIDE
-ANAOBVI1UW.fiU\4AN
RI6,HTSAfEBAryY
NVOLWDINTHISM!
wTtltvDFnERfrraILTAES
R&UINS IftIWTNNTN 7HE
GIO BA L E,l VIROIIftI E?IT:,,
fla!+sftlE
WE llAV
coNcEPNS
EENTAXING ,1UJr
r
(
(.
HAMilRICI{IS!
(,
(,
I il
(
(
(
I
r
(
I
"An adequate approach of development cannrt really be so centered only on
those in power. The reach has to be broder, and the need for popular participation is not just sanctimonious rubbish. Indeed, the idea of derelopment cannot be dissociated from it."
Amartya Sen, Deuelopment as Freedom, p.247.
'-!
-,
+
.
?
:1
hurccHotcES.
ff
m HE
0FacEnTq6r AH)r
,REA,fuNEDPME'ISTT
THEPE? /
t,
rl
JPuLY^,
:-,
J
J
J
.}
d
U
J
B E@+t
CTTY CENTRE
DtnTH#tSAGPATML
By R FA So NlN G Atfri nflD yN
Ey 4gr*uul$sAwrTt71.
i1*il
WEHAV
tquctt
tr tT !
NATSA\
SAGE
J
:-)
:,
:)
r,l t
L>^
) lt
4,
c.),
-rf
1,,
il
_,
..D
BFCAU$ATHSAL@tnEr
IN FIIEN CA ftl oST gl lilSTn CT
fr N D Trronoi(,,, lT lM
N CALN)RAL CilAIffJ
t"t
:'t
,'
,9
,9
unqvutB
ts v1otr tr-ECl7vEY
ffi D W lvloTlvfrnqt4 M !
&F. INIEPST IS A VPY BAs I C
lyloTt V4TT ot lA L FO M, ilEll Atfl oWT
c{tA N
Drnle<lpw
CAN
DIEIWTT{E
DgYlHTIC
PROCESg!
HEH!-
7PADTTIONAU,$is.'
l/\
lat
6i.
-J-
tl,
,9
f,,{
.c-
I Att
e_,
,l
,t
D
I
)
nlA7s
yil'#,trffr
,tl
,l)
.t
' r,
-ercty?*?
!'fifrtrf^'u,^n
",Trrli@t. t
al
tl
.2,
.t
ktDDo
ffilNenry
wm frlEL
I-
i'
sp,Gfrtc* t^Ven sE
1e4oRDtNGTDAaFt
sctAlRuLS.,natiAs
FA|P tN httilNpc rue t
'IyEw@DY
I'IEEDSTO
ITE
_PfrLIEIIG'M'
UNAEPSTAAID IF
1R.,ET'1097tu'!
SO.ITIS A SOCIAL
DrcsrcN,ASI4ITH
4S AN Ttofillc
oNE ! nswtw.!-
Ys,Atftla*
fftaAYNor
AlwAf$ 6Pa,
WE
P4t9, t
r-tt
aI
t-.
C
I rf
L)/
(-
t'.
t-\-
(a\
YE, WE
Ure
A DA,I 6M
tr-BYaPN(NGA WNDOW!
C,
(\)?,
I J,
YA-
rY,f
r)
.'.{
,g/1
(
(.
(
'gAcILy
6&
TO
Itr
WgffiEY
EUEPYA{E
THEY WHITTON-WKNOW
THEPE WIIL BE @YSEWEN6
ND&WWEIDP
octAuywnils?t
-BAANE
WCAIITA@|IN
BE#AYIOUP,
TltEBw,qray6!
!-
,EOCIALVALU&1Ere8
wH t c H THE{ lN Ft-Ltlt C AU
KINDS OP8TINL
FruM NAPKETfi4ANfig7O
Acll1l{,1N0 N76r!
7>
.i
rr
(,
. r//
zL.7ot4!
II 'J
^\YA
,A@UT!ITIS
,AND
WENIETIqT,
oURAWN,SA.F-tff7ffiT JSTBYffit{Ottt$,BUr
70 UV|NA Hr4cE WH&
THfuUGfl ER,FEE//N6\9,
THERE/SA@TABIE
IDAS,:A,ID /ilSnNCTg.
Etr)AT JUS|ICFORHI! , OUP,747rs OFhIIND !
g
JIJ
Cr'
te
t)
(jl
ri
,:r t
,"+ I
;?l
,1
r
wif#[,tr#,P,3Ei{H,
J u sn c'o ioriiiiFn r1'
!M PO EIED
NH ry A PE AI.Pi
!l@J ouP-mios!;'*:
'/
etefr
,:J
d
.J
o
d
,J
,J
L,f
,ffisittxu#,*
uPtTALtSfit!
DONT UNDERT\
lHE ETHIcS
o*
l^:---"t
?
;1
TAEmwiy{;lff#o
-l
lr L
I! 3rJ
';*,.4
4:;
!trilWEAqRIYPffiWIERS
o E a p t musfrl
E N NTAN E TTY
zHE PEoPIE IlAVE.fuREm{
olHR.!
ANDTHENEDtr
UNAWPTTIBIEffiTWTMUShI
MUTAALYBg{EFruA
BEI{AVIOAR,,,
B RM
&]
wHtPE
d
d
Fffifil A @ttSF./frlNE
PRI N ftI / N K;-TEP,,T{,qTA
@IYIE F,@N ?
rruftl
'7fT.
d
(_t
I
tr'
(,
i-l
l-,
(,,
i, -|
,'p
ff
@ow7ox wTaDEWEnw!
HLlt!,t
f:#
C,
r.
/--.'
TTWASA LONG
8q l#tqrunEouTaFTTlE
USTfuFOPftVO
UNDERffiNDINGffTTENED
gfPt@L!rT STRIEGIE
rorr*Yt*t
WAA77EC{AR
ruPK|UTAALTH)'r,.
,l
c.)
e.
:!D
:.,8
.il
I
-l
I
,I
.D
.,,,AND
AGRED COORY
trHAVlOaRT\tfrrruU HsP
UETO RUNA SUCESSFUL
ilcl{Ah@ cuto+|Y!
l
I
!
'
I tt
\
L-)
v,
\-/l
usE
lT ls flor<t usr
Mfrc
DECENCY !
YB | 8 a
,1 B O Uf /YIAX I lYl t S t $
hTUgTfrTTg,ID 70
7HEfiI, @,ruD4S49TrP-S!
: , . AND WE
lTANLEADTOA G4IGS1M
c o fia*x oP. ETw M.tH NTAL
@LUNE! OR,BOTH!
I rl
a-r)
u,
,,
L,n
EO, BY0EWLOP|N6
VNLUES,AND
fa .bvbert
aa rU.
soitAl
A,+ISFOf
aq
RESTryilBIWWEEAfrE
7HE
NEDFORfuWFOL
lswE lttTERYarfloY..?
PA C !.., no etrt a e N Cl t
Y
i
q
C
(
;
,\-
fi
tD-
(_
rl'
C
C
U
'
in-sdtlidEirnin
tr
WEfiIWANDEB'TAND
oaRoyt/y NBtt4s,AND
BYcoNTRtBUnNG 70
PBUC tuUCY-W
BEHAVPAPTOEOIV ^
77(it4 roiSsineB! EH?,
WATWIATYOOhIEAN?
R,EfrTERUIES*ffiIAL
PAENAHNilG! IS
C
(
C
(_
(_
(
7:
t
-
gb,
(i-',\
(,
(_
(
YEg, WE 1H&'I B@VIE IY1RE AMBE OF
ttitt rca-rsgr-seaone ! w REqTT^
BEHAV\OU?, WTCAN
(,
(-(
(
(
I
(
(
(
"Public policy has a role not only in attempting to implement the priorities that
emerge from social values and affirmations, but also in facilitating and
guaranteeing fuller public discussion. The reach and quality of open
discussions can be helped by a variety of public policies, such as press freedom
and media independence (including the absence of censorship), expansion of
basic education and schooling (including female education), enhancement of
economic independence (especially through employment, including female
employment), and other social and economic changes that help individuals to
be participating citizens. Central to this approach is the idea of the public as an
active participant in change, rather than as a passive, docile recipient of
instructions or of dispensed assistance."
Amartya
(
a
(
)
t
l.
('
i
(
a
(-
(
a
F^
v
L'
\f
(,
.{
INDTVTDUAL I.REEDOM AS A
SOCIAL COMMITMENT
O
O
O
LlVryKlrEAbrTDaslM
op ewn uw ri inqin',ffio"
fltNlF wEEAanruwxmrt
ila
C
@AIDABETIERPL.W?
r ll
I ll
c,
ua
O
O-r
THfsryEKEy!
trwsa
4 c cE_pr_R nfls t B tt w
rJf
,J,
tJt
D flEL o HttENT AN D
-ITaAN
ln
ctlAlv ;
HAPPEN.I
Benrelffihl
IF WEACHTOOK
CP ruP7HE/Y1 ! f,S AU...
/N 7AlEDtrAlLln-
oa
ut
-t
l),
tlr
AREEFTTO
'tloruatus!
"9
--'y't
3i
r-b
- -- _
),D
tjt
f:r
tD
YEE,THT8 WHAT
UVINGTOGETHER
--,L
.,!
(l
EHt DENT t
SOt48oDyEt sE
T7firnr@ ls No
BUBSTMlTEM INAVINAI.
RESrcN&Bil7y BtlTtT@E
FAR ByONDTviT!,,,
/7"
t8 TH)E
()
.'
,i
T>
,.
t-t'
fc
O
-|
,.,
J
.,
-'
J
.:
J
-
fuRSUTALSAPfrTO
EN HAfl C E W E FUITCIT N III G
ryD_qmBt.rTy,sErq wE
ErcKE OFEAR/TER!
EXPANDING IIIDIVIDAAL
RrcNBIBIrry BY
EI.PANDING
MHEA
USIC FRtrDOI4S?
THATN
TH/,g,,. C=2
-.a \
t t,
v1
I \tt,
C-1.
|TNES! WE -
,ED,6OCIAL6UPPOPT
'OFC0\R6E
Eqmflg,
@/vaN1TqyLYFpfr4
7HE6TA7E,BU|@M
NNrymqlAVEaN
I 8 u N_N' ! Bqt ErAst
U re
rAuErAEl8*.
s,ns vEtlfrs NL
-n-uoil
!
t
L
U777
..'ALLY-,
L
'Y(
_.:.,
{
(
L
i
i,.ROasAAttrUS FIRST
cctrnN?THElilUnNN
ENABB ABTOSEETHI
ti"
U{..
@TE!.,,THPEAffTWO
ANDTHfrTA
WRETHE
''vaoPfiiEt{T
ASFPEE0pI'
PPACI] DItrEPS
._i (
WTru USAALDilEIOP.
WTIITHEPWS,frID ruE
t-.,U
't lt
{)
9t
ME\{TTH@PY?,
'- 4Y i
\OI
t
f
'
1.-
J=
\_
{
(_
R,MCAL!
YX I t
il
MonUA'noN ! @Hl
aNTTD WHICH@H.Elm.t
A
WttW
DPruEIUNMES!
ADVAIfTAffi!
I,
('\-(.(
mEVSP{oNE
ne o{A}tcE?
(.-{:
7fr
tI'
g1
(J,
Y,
(
)
'/
LtaP.r,
sfltLEtDw
TDEtrNNOT,IWHfrT YOU
r'IM N B'/ TTRAPPfi, ? 7IE
WHOEruINTOFTHE@i4
APPrurcH lsTHATYAU
lnrglatDctEloN
. \ri
'runryouAwAYg
*16lg4Anv
wntt utcutP
MKE Cllolc !^
\=./
\-41
).
t-
unv
WE FaEEDOfiIIO
.''
I
I
r
t
0la
:r$:,,
19
'uxengtsrs
:*;*i
i.:Yi
\.'
I
U'
I,
!t
iJ
r,
'i{trfrFIXtB
vou-ueve FP.er.Dr/n
70tAtc!
ub
'FoR
Ra4sots ! Yoa
Yot)R owa
/UAY HAVE fi\*tttlotttE UARLABLS,
7HfrT YO U HAYE ilCEU.ilT REAg*g
70 VA08 - Nor uNKn 70 NO+t I C
'
TO ./,Ry tV4I:_!
L4NKEDToTTIE
OpMmifu,
q
jr
'-J
%
fpliEtptfrasxtu
qf
FEBEN u, reca usE' tr'fu
WUflLonsn:ucrtvrffiI
I N. luF Fo
9
l-?
,,
ANp
'*
'nJ
RWtoN or unti,es
ETH/C!-_-nt?
ul
i?
ata
llvrim
9ovohttc sysr ruucflo I
'wzu,fllo+7TD.
nuo HA1HY ,
CATWEft\MruP
THoSElnfiryvtutfi7//
ACCuttTYgqTTqtoo-
J,,
..
ul
(y
3t
t'
I
-5I
ill
,,f ,t
W FREEDOMAPPROACIT
eEet DyEl-PlvtENT
I
oF,HAftgWawBtt tTyL
,illi
'.H
')
pl'
,il
tt
,t
ON
7HE@IS7HY
70AaililE!
wtu
m unt vry?
PPA-,CTNT ISA
tssuE ! lF
@A ...we.
B
[7,,,W4T6
Wp yal.,.
-80
rsA
z-r
,'
,i,
.5.
bh
11t
)E
lr
&JT WEA4USTNEUTE
a PRODUCTTV\Ty AS
,,,
ANANDWTSEF!
iH
L
'tl/
NNT
PEOPLE TNKE
Do?
'so^lEDo-ensuennii@
imr ' tu,+r
rury HAVE-7\{EFREEDWTD OO WIEr
Ttry y4UT 7DDo, uyaistBto w
A^N Fpp*ts or unrBeson!
ARE cwcFR NED wm
rf)
CJ
,Er',.
\-/ -r.
6i
1,,
t-.
.ARE
Ll
I#
STIILTNKIIIS ABOWEITDS
Al,lD lilE/,ilg ? NN|T W HAVE TO THEN
l,AuoflEdtA*lw
wtu llAPtrNQutCktR,
ruUfiDATIOIIALBIgtrTTI
psSgsoFDHEbfrilEt{T*,
(.,
C
U
('j
c
I rl
!,,
ar)
:.. wdilsTHE
trrlutt$t{ cnmumf D
ItlMttoQTlWtltlE,
,),,a\D? F)E? t nre 7
nY0f,rOPE
FPE, UVES.
o
:
C
a
o
'yEg, m4NE tr THE THEE flEN st l PLEP REA S 9Ns- fiAT
THFI IAI4 A DI@CT
H U N U CA M N LM ES 74il16 LWE
'tanuince ot THErltEu-retlo nno FREN/,,| trP@lE;ny
tlAE eu tt opsq prlLe tt t t rU eN AnO 7HE NEEDED,SWA L
p ctzy. I ur
cAfirlYffi.
q t, s.vev,
...-u.EyABq N Dt
es; .A..r-o nt
!
AttD tt EMN e &oNO+l--t t C
ii*x
iwErw
W!!l
t lt
o
(_,
a
C
\
(,
i
T
(
^:J,
i
.AM
ECON'MICruRESS
WMT THREEE%{UflE9!
TfiUS BE AEAR,ANIITIT!
gEN m8 ,1 0T OftTR A S I n4 Pt
PAN A C EA ruR DYEtfrlYt EN n,,
wE EACtt t? vEToWOeK FAe rT:.
lrl
(
(,
t.l
i'
('.
(
I
(
(-
I
is a characteristic of freedom that it has diverse aspects that relate to a
. vqfiety of activities and institutions. It cannot yield a view of development that
trinslates readily into some simple 'flormula' of accumulation of capital, or
opening up of markets, of having eflicient economic planning (though each of
these particular features f,its into the broader picture). The organizing principl
that places all the different bits and pieces into an integrated whole is the
verarching concern rvith the process of enhancing individual freedoms and
the social commitment to help to bring that about."
"It
r
I
I
(
--
Y
Y,.
'f'
A'martya Sen, Deuelopment as Freedom, 1999, p-297.
)^
'
TEflERE
a
a
This is a documentaU qomic-book for peopler who are completing ther studies and are about to enter the
arena of public life to earn their living. lt is an itOuction to the ideas of Amara Sen, the celebrated economist,
who earned lhe Nobel prize lor Economic Science in 1998, and who has spent a lifetime urging for a change of
focus in what has come to be called .the development process', that we are all experiencing. ln 1999, Sen
gathered all his arguments together in a landmark book called, Development as Freedom. Even the title was a
-a
a
_t
revelation to the development planners at the World Bank and the lMF, to whom these arguments were originally
addressed. Sen's ney approach has since changed deelopment thinking profoundly, for both rich and poor, in
the twen-first century. lt is a challenge to us allto make a difference'
Sen's ideas are prgsented in this comic-book in a fast-moving, illustrated dialogue - giving a broad overview of
what it is that he is driving at - in the hope that more people will be attracted to read his book in more detail, to
discuss it, and understand its irnportant message to us all.
"The art of communication can be very exacting especially when the content is complex.
The authors of this book of carloons have done a superb job in reaching outwithout
losing the basic features of seeing dvelopment as freedom"'
Professor Amartya Sen - Master o Trinity College. Cambridge'
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
!
;,
I A BEITER WAY!
"Professor Sen's approach and ideas have greatly inspired UNEP's work on poverty, environment and development. ln
that sense we are further echoing the sentiments oi tn Secretary-General of the United Ntions, Mr. Kofi Annan' on how
.beneficial Professor Sen's ideas on economic development have been to the United Nation's own development work. This
lively comic-book captures in an elegant and simple manner, Professor Sen's insights on how policy and economic.devel'
oprent can be made more humane. A must read for all policy-makers and concemed citizens!'
Bakary Kante - Director, Policy De.vetopment and Law, United Nations Environment Programme-Move over, Adam Smith! Nobel Prize Wiriner Amartya Sen has a new way to think about economic development - and
it's an approach that could dramatically increase human well-being throughout the world. By showing how human capabili'
ties and freedom matter more than simple wealth, Sen confronts famine, poverty, women's oppression, political tyranny
and other social ills with a revolutionary conceptual shift that could lead to a real change. This lively comic'book reveals the
compelling power of Sen's key points with clari and humour. lt should be required reading for all.'
Diana Strassnann -Edifor, Feminist Economics and Senior Besearch Fetlow, Rice University.
"People ask: ls there truth in the statement by oppressive rulers, that if citizens want prosperi they must wait for human
rights? Sen proves such rulers wrong. This attractive comic-book not only explains Sen's vital message. but motivates
readers to demand from our governments both development and freedom.'
,W
'^ffi
t
t
)
t
:
J
,
)
Published by
iisd'*'llH+{i,
@@.MA,NGTRA
rNsrrurE
Foundation