F.

Sc XII Solved Exercise CH-12

Q12.1 The potential is constant throughout a given region of space. Is the electrical field zero or nonzero in this region? Explain
A12.1 Electric field is defined as the negative of the potential gradient i.e. = / . if electric
potential is constant over a given region of space then potential difference between any two
points is zero. = 0 As =

= 0/

= 0. Hence the electric field is zero in that region of

sphere.
Q12.2 Suppose that you follow an electric field line due to positive point charge. Do electric field and
the potential increase or decrease?
A12.2 The electric due to positive charge is always directed outward from the charge, so if we are
following a field due to such a charge our distance r from the charge is increasing. Since
=
/ and =
/ . This implies 1/ and 1/ Hence Both E and V will decrease
in such a case.
Q12.3 How can you identify that which plate of a capacitor is positively charged?
A12.3 The presence of charge is detected by a device called Gold leaf Electroscope on bringing
charged plate or disc close to the plate of gold leaf electroscope. (i) If divergence of plates
increases then the plate is positively charged. (ii) If divergence of plates decreases then the plate
is negatively charged.
Q12.4 Describe the force or forces on a positive point charge when placed between parallel plates.
a. With similar and equal changes. b. With opposite and equal charge.
A12.4 (a) When a positive charge is placed between two parallel plates having similar and equal
charges, the net force acting on the charge will be zero. (b) When the charge is placed between
the plates having equal but opposite charge, the positive charge will move from positive plate to
negative pate.
Q12.5 Electric lines of force never cross. Why?
A12.5 Actually, the direction of electric field lines at a certain point represents the direction of motion
of a unit positive charge when placed at that point. Now if two lines cross each other then, at
that point of intersection, a positive charge will have two directions of motion when placed
there. It is not possible at all. So, electric lines of force never cross each other.
Q12.6 If a point charge q of mass m is released in a non-uniform electric field with field lines pointing in
the same direction, will it make a rectilinear motion?
A12.6 Non uniform field means that lines of force are neither parallel nor equally spaced.
Case 1: When electric field is due to a single isolated charge, the charge q of mass m will make
rectilinear motion.

Asad Hussain BS-IT

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F.Sc XII Solved Exercise CH-12

Case 2: When the field is due to two oppositely charged particles then q will not make rectilinear
motion.

Q12.7 Is E necessarily zero inside a charged rubber balloon if balloon is spherical? Assume that charge
is distributed uniformly over the surface.
A12.7 Yes, E is necessarily zero inside a rubber balloon if balloon is spherical and charge is distributed
uniformly over the surface. According to Gausss Law.
Flux density = 1/ (Charge enclosed)
= 1/ (0)
=0
As = .
From (i) and (ii)
here
is not zero
=0
Hence, electric intensity E is zero inside
a spherical balloon.
Q12.8 Is it true that Gausss law states that the total number of lines of force crossing any closed
surface in the outward direction is proportional to the net positive charge enclosed within
surface?
A12.8 Yes, it is true that total number of lines of force crossing any closed surface in the outward
direction is proportional to the net positive charge enclosed within the surface i.e.
Flux density = 1/ (Charge enclosed) or Flux = Constant (Total Charge Enclosed)
that is Flux Total charge enclosed.

Q12.9 Do electrons tend to go to region of high potential or of low potential?

-

A12.9 As e carries negative charge, it will move from a point at lower electric potential to a point at
higher potential in an electric field.

Asad Hussain BS-IT

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