Coefficient of friction, Rolling resistance and Aerodynamics D Coefficient of friction for many material combinations D Coefficient of friction in bearings D Coefficient of friction in screw joints D Rolling resistance D Air resistance, aerodynamics Coefficient of friction for a range of material combinations. combination Static Dynamic ary lubricated dry lubricated steel-stee! 05.06 0.15 04.0.6 0.15 copper-steel : - 05.08 0.15 steel-cast iron 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.05 ‘cast iron - cast iron 0.25 0.15 02 0.15 friction material - steel : - 05.06 = - steelice 0.03 - 0.015 - steel-wood 0506 04 0205 0.05 wood-wood 0406 0.15..0.2 0.2.0.4 0.15 leather-metal 06 0.2 0.2...0.25 0.12 rubber-metal 1 - 05 plastic-metal 0,25...0.4 = 0.1...0.3 0.04.0. plastic-plastic 0304 - 02.04 0.04.01 ‘The coefficient of friction between two materials in relative sliding may depend on contact pressure, surface roughness of the relative harder contact surface, temperature, sliding velocity and the type of lubricant whether the level of contamination. It's the reason that the data found in the many reference tables available may show a large variation. Ul www.engineeringtoolbox. conv/friction-coefficients-d_778.html | ntto:www.carbidedepot.com/formulas-frictioncoefficient. htm UU http://www. engineershandbook.com/Tables/frictioncoefficients.htm U htto:www.roymech.co.uk/Useful_Tables/Tribology/co_of_frict.htm U http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2005/steel.shtml U httpitiwww.diracdelta.co.uk/science/sourcelffrfriction/source.himl hit: /nl.wikibooks. org/wiki/Fysica/Dynamica U http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Physics_Study_Guide/Frictional_Coefficients Uhttp:/encarta.msn.comimedia_461544499/Table_of_Friction_Coefficients. html Coefficient of friction in bearings Coefficient of friction [] Slide bearing, hydrodynamic 0.003...0.04 Slide bearing, sinter bronze, oil lubricated 0.04,..0.07 Slide bearings, solid bronze, grease lub 0.07...0.12 Polymer slide bearing, polyamide, dry 0.2...0.3 Polymer bearing, composite, dry 0.05...0.15 Bali bearings 0.001...0.0015 Roller bearings 0.0018 Needle bearings 0.0045 Air bearings, pressurized 00 Hydrostatic bearings 0.001.,.0.002, ref viscous shearing Coefficient of friction in screw joints lubricated lubricated dy dyoiled MoS2 Zn-plating RVS 0.12,,.0.18 0.08...0.12 0.12...0.18 0,3...0.8 screw lubricants / friction >> Rolling resistance CH Steel wheel on rail 0.0002...0.0010 Car tire on road 0.010...0.035 Car tire energy safe 0.006...0.009 Tube 22mm, 8 bar 0.002 Race tyre 23 mm, 7 bar 0.003 Touring 32 mm, 5 bar 0.005 ‘Tyre with leak protection 37 mm, § bar / 3 bar 0.007 / 0.01 Calculator rolling resistance >> Air resistance Cw Agim] Ap Cy [m?] Modem car 025.035 18 0.54 MPV 0.4.0.5 3 1.36 Truck 07 6 42 Formula 1 0.75 16 1.20 Nuna Solar Car 0.07 086 = 0.06 Sports plane 0.12 5 0.60 Card 0.8 1 0.80 Grand pa bike 14 a6 0.66 Racing bike 09 035 0.31 Horizontal bicycle 0.8 0.25 0.20 aerodynamic bicycle 04.015 025 0.07 Ball 05 mR? 0.$n1R? Half sphere 04 TR? 0.4nR? Half sphere 13 mR? 4.3n1R? Flat circular disc 14 mR? 1.4m? Calculator air resistance >> Conversion of wind speed Beaufort to wind speed in m/s: 4:1mis 2:2m/s 3: 4mis_— 4: 7s 5:10m/s 6: 13m/s T:16m/s 8: 19mis 9: 23m/s_ 10: 27mis_ 11: 31m/s_— 12: >36m/s. Conversion percentage of slope to slope angle ‘A.5% slope is a slope that rises 5 m for every 100 m horizontal distance, i.e. a slope of atan(5/100)}=2.86 degrees. A 100% slope is one of 45 degrees. \www.tribology-abe.com