Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Catedra Comunicaii
Raport la practica de
Msurri Electronice
A elaborat:
Eleva Gr. TC-0113
A verificat:
Profesor
Burlacu Luminia
Tofnic
Chiinu 2014
1.
Scopul lucrrii: De nsuit destinaia i parametrii de baz a voltmetrului universal B7-16A,
principiul general de funcionarei schema de structur. De msurat tensiunea n circuit de current continuu
i rezistena electric activ. De apreciatrezultatelemsurilor.
2.
Aparatei accesorii:
2.1. Voltmetru electronic universal B7-16A.
2.2. Prospectultehnicalvoltmetrului.
2.3. Surs de tensiune continua reglabil (AGAT).
2.4. Voltmetremagnetoelectrice M2044 (M2038).
2.5. Magazinderezisten P33.
2.6. Setderezistoarefixe.
2.7. Conductoare.
3.
Dateletehnice de baz ale voltmetrului B7-16A:
3.1. Timpulmasurriitensiuniicontinuu:
a)
200 m/s cutimpul de transformare 100m/s iindicarea cu 4 cifre.
b)
40 m/scutimpul de transformare 20 m/s iindicarea cu 4 cifre.
c)
2 m/s cu timpul de transformare 1 m/s iindicarea cu 3 cifre.
3.2. Voltmetrulasigurregimul de pornire:
a)
Automat;
b)
Manual;
c)
De la distan de la o sursexterioara de impulsuri.
3.3. Limitaerorii relative a voltmetrului la msurareatensiunii continue sivariabile:
a)
Tensiunea c.c. cu timpul de transformare de 20 m/s i 100 m/s, limita de msurat
poate fi 1V; 100V; de 1 m/s limita de msurarepoate fi 1V; 100V; 1000V; discontinuitatea 4x10-3; 1x10-2;
1x10-1; limitaacceptabil a erorii de bazn % [0.2, 0.1].
b)
Rezistenaactiv cu timpul de transfer 10-100 m/s limita de msurare 1K, 100K, 1M, 10M.
Capacitatea de intrare a voltmetruluimsurindtensiunea c. c. nu depete 100pF.
Rezistena de intrare a voltmetrului> 1M
4.
4.1.
Experiene:
Schema de conexiune:
Tabelul Nr.1
Mr.
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
R0,
U0,V
I0,mA
Ux,V
U, V
Um,V
U, V
U,%
Formule de calcul:
= 0 0 ; = ( + 0 )2 ; = 0 ; = (0 ) 100;
4.2.
Schemadeconectare:
Tabelul Nr. 2:
Mrimea
R 0,
Rnom,
10
Tolerana, %
Rx,
R,
R, %
a)
Formule de calcul:
= 0 ; = ; = ( 0 ) 100; = ( ) 100
Concluzii:____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. Aparatesi accesorii:
2.1. Volmetru electronic analogic de tensiune alternativ B3-38.
2.2. Volmetru electronic analogic de tensiune alternativ B3-39.
2.3.Voltmetru electronic al valorii de impuls B4-12.
2.4.Generator de semnale sinusoidale de joas frecven 3-111.
2.5. Cabluri coacxiale de legtur.
Schema de masurare:
G1 V1V2
V3
3-118
B3-38
B3-39
B4-12
U(V)
t(m/s)
Tabelul 1
U1,V
U2,V
U3,V
Uef
Umef
=1000Hz
0 dB 10dB 20dB 30d 40dB 50dB
B
190
600
185 600 190
600
200
620
185 600 180
600
880
289 900 290
480
622. 204. 629 205. 339.
16
32
.23 03
36
195
610
185 600 185
600
-
12.1
6
19.3
2
29.
23
20.0
3
1.9
10.4
4.8
10.8
57.7
4
32
60d
B
180
180
900
629
.23
600
0dB
29.
23
4.8
260
230
245
=5000Hz
10dB 20dB 30dB
40
dB
640
200
680
200
680
205 640
205
930
300 940
300
657. 212. 664. 212.
51
1
58
1
660
202.
635
202.
5
5
-2.49 9.6
29.5
-2.49
8
0.37
4.7
4.6
-1.22
50dB 60dB
610
615
175
123.
7
607.
5
483.
8
-7.9
200
200
850
600.
95
200
400.
95
20.4
Formule de calcul:
Concluzie:___________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
1.
Aparateiaccesorii:
1.1.
1.2.
1.3.
1.4.
1.5.
1.6.
1.7.
1.8.
2.
2.1. Limita de msurare a rezistenei 0.0001 / 106, eroarea de msurareeste indicate in tabel.
2.2. Eroareafundamentala a magazinului de rezistene ne depete(0.05 0.02 m(R)P), mdecadamagazinului, R- rezistena m.
2.3. Indicaiigenerale:
a)
nainte de utilizare a surseiexterioare de tensiunei a galvanometrului se conecteaz la
bornelei.
b)
La alimentareapunii de la surseexterioareestenevoie de :
Eroareancurent Eroareancurentalte
Tensiunea la
Tensiunea la
continuu
rnativ la 1000Hz contacteleobiectulu contacteleobiectulu
imsuratn c.c., V imsuratn c.a., V
0.1 1
2% +0.02
10
1 10
2%
20%
10
10 100
1%
10%
10
100 1000
1%
10%
20
1000 10000
1%
20%
20
10000 100000
2%
20
100000 1000000
5%
250
1000000 10000000
5%
250
Tabelul :
Parametriipuntii E7- 4
Q
Q
L i C msurate Diapazonuldefrecven Eroriledupa L i C,
, Hz
%
itgmsuratedup itgmsuratedup
schema de
schema de
substituieserie substituieparalel
1 10 H
100 1000
(2 +0.009/L mH)
25
10 100 H
100 1000
(1 +0.005/L mH)
25
100 1000 H
100 1000
(1 +0.006/L mH)
2 50
1 10 mH
100 1000
(1 +0.006/L mH)
2 50
20 200
10 100 mH
100 1000
(1 +0.006/L mH)
2 50
20 200
100 1000 mH
100 1000
(1 +0.006/L mH)
20 200
1 10 H
100 1000
(1 +0.006/L mH)
10 110 H
100 1000
1 100 pF
100 1000
(2 +0.00006/C F)
100 1000 pF
100 1000
(1 +0.00002/C F)
1 10 nF
100 1000
(1 +0.00002/C F)
0.001 0.01
0.02 1
10 100 nF
100 1000
(1 +0.00002/C F)
0.001 0.1
0.02 1
100 1000 nF
100 1000
(1 +0.00002/C F)
0.001 0.1
0.02 1
1 10 F
[100 1000
(1 +0.00002/C F)
0.001 0.1
0.02 1
10 100 F
;][100 1000
(1 +0.00002/C F)
0.01 0.1
100 1100 F
100 1000
Tabela Nr. 1
Valoarea
R0,
Rnom,
10
Tolerana %
Rx,
R, 0
R,%
Formule de calcul:
= ; = 0 ; = 100; = ( ) 100%
0
R0,
Rnom,
10
Tolerana %
Rx,
R,
R,%
Formuledecalcul:
= ; = 0 ; =
100; = ( ) 100
0
C0,F
Cnom,F
10
Tolerana %
Cx,F
C, F
R,%
Formule de calcul:
= ; = 0 ; =
100; = ( ) 100
0
L0,mH
0.1
0.01
0.001
0.0001
Tolerana %
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
Lx,mH
0.12
0.014
0.0004
0.0001
L,mH
0.02
0.004
-0.0006
L,%
20
40
-60
Formuledecalcul:
= 0 ; =
100
0
Cnom,F
56
Tolerana %
2
15
10
10
220
1390
1000
330
130
750
680
220
10
10
10
20
10
Cx,F
54.1 15.6
230
1145
1042
360
120
740
555
230
C, F
-1.9
0.6
10
-245
42
30
-10
-10
-25
10
R,%
-3.3
4.5
-17.6
4.2
9.09
-7.6
-1.3
-3.6
4.5
Formuledecalcul:
= ; = ( ) 100
Concluzii:_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Scopullucrrii:
De ansuidestinaiaiparametriitehnici de bazaimultimetrului4800.
De a nsui metoda de pregtire pentru lucru a multimetrului 4800.
De a msura intensitatea i tensiunea n circuite de curent continuu; rezistena electric activ,
capacitatea electric, inductana frecvena i perioada semnalelor sinusoidale, numrul de impulsuri ntre o
unitate de timp.
2.
Aparateiaccesorii:
2.1. Multimetru electronic digital 4800.
2.2. Prospectul tehnic a multimetrului electronic digital 4800.
2.3. Sursa de tensiune continu uglabil .
2.4. Generator de semnale sinusoidale de frecven joas G3-111.
2.5. Voltmetrul electronic universal B7-16A.
2.6. Magazin de capaciti P513.
2.7. Bobin etalon P547.
2.8. Set de condensatore.
2.9. Set de bobine de inductan.
2.10. Conductoare de legtur.
3.
Experiene:
Formule de calcul:
0
0 +
; =
; 1 1 = ; =
100 ;
0
2
Tabelul 1:
1
R0,
I0, mA
U0, V
Ix, mA
I, mA
Im, mA
I,
mA
I, %
Formuledecalcul:
= 0 0 ; =
1
U0, V
R0,
I0, mA
Ux, V
U, V
Um, V
U, V
U, %
; = ; =
2
100;
Tabelul 2:
4
Formule de calcul:
= 0 ; = ; R =
100;
0
Tabelul 3:
R0,
Rnom,
Toler.%
Rx,
R,
R, %
3.4.Msurareacapacitiielectrice a condensatoarelor:
Schemadecercetare:
Formule de calcul:
= 0 ; = ; =
100;
0
Tabelul 4:
C0, F
Cnom, F
10
Toler. %
Cx, F
C, F
C, %
Formuledecalcul:
= 0 ; =
100;
0
Tabelul 5:
L0, mH
Lx, mH
L,mH
L, %
0.1
0.01
0.001
0.0001
3.4. Msurareafrecveneiiperioadeisemnalelorelectricesinusoidale:
Schema de cercetare:
Formule de calcul:
= 0 ; = 0 ; 0 =
1
; =
0
100; =
0
100;
0
Tabelul6:
f0, Hz
fx, Hz
Tx, ms
T0, ms
f, %
T, %
= 0 ; 0 = 0 ; =
100;
0
Tabelul 7:
f0, Hz
N0, imp
Nx, imp
T, s
N, %
4.
Concluzie_____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Scopul lucrrii:
De nsuit destinaia i parametrii tehnici de baz ai osciloscopului electronic.
De nsuit schema de structur i principiul general a funcionrii a unui osciloscop electronic.
De cptat deprindere practice la pregtirea pentru lucru a osciloscopului i la efectctuarea msurrilor.
De obinut n regim de bariaj liniar forma sincronizat a semnalului sinusoidal de frecven joas i de msurat
parametrii de tensiune i de timp al lui.
1.5. De obinut n regim de bariaj liniar, forma sinusoidal a semnalului sinusoidal de frecven modulat n amplitudine i de
msurat parametrii lui.
1.6. n regim de bariaj sinusoidal de primit figurile lui Lissajou i de determinat frecvena i defazajul semnalelor.
1.7. De determinat coeficientul de modulatie a semnalului, modulat n amplitudine, utiliznd bariajul sinusoidal.
2.
Aparate i accesorii:
2.1. Osciloscop electronic universal C1-485 sau C1-55.
2.2. Prospectul tehnic al osciloscopului.
2.3. Generatoare de semnal sinusoidal de joas frecven 3-33, 3-111.
2.4. Generator de semnal sinusoidal de frecven nalt -102.
2.5. Cabluri de conexiune coaxiali.
3.
Expriene:
3.1. Experien 1: Msurarea parametrilor de tensiune i de timp a semnalelor
sinusoidale de joas frecven.
Formule de calcul:
= []; = []; = 0 ; =
1
1
100; 0 = ; = ;
0
0
Tabelul 1
1
f0, Hz
50
100
200
500
1000
2000
5000
6000
Ka, dB
10
20
30
40
50
60
50
Kx,ms/cm
Ky,
mV/cm
X, cm
Y, cm
Tx, ms
Um, mV
T0, ms
fx, Hz
f,%
Formulele de calcul:
; =
f0, MHz
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.2
0.22
0.24
f0j, kHz
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
Tx, s
10
5.5
4.4
4.5
Txj, ms
0.66
0.5
0.39
0.32
0.3
0.23
Amin, cm
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.3
2.4
Amax, cm
3.6
3.5
3.5
3.3
3.3
3.2
3.2
fx, MHz
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.22
0.22
0.25
fxj, kHz
0.5
1.5
2.56
3.12
3.33
4.34
f,%
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.1
0.00
0.04
fj,%
0.999
0.999
0.999
0.999
0.998
0.998
0.999
0.998
Km, %
18.0
16.6
16.6
15.7
15.7
14.2
13.2
14.2
Tabelul 2:
Schema de cercetare:
Formule de calcul:
=
Tabelul 3:
1
fx, Hz
fy, Hz
500
1000
1500
500
500
500
1000
500
1500
2000
2500
5000
t, s
f,Hz
7.4
5.4
3.8
10.1
24.9
4.3
Figura
0.4
0.92
1.3
0.49
0.24
0.69
+ ) 100;
Tabelul 4:
1
Fi, MHz
0.1
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
fxj, Hz
1000
500
2000
1500
2000
3000
5000
fyj, Hz
500
1000
2000
3000
1000
1000
2500
Amin, cm
1.5
1.5
1.5
Amax, cm
,%
200
250
250
200
200
200
150
1.5
Figura
4. Concluzii:
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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