Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Prelucrri mecanice
118
________________________________________________________________________________________
n ( vc )
n ( vc )
fax ( vfax )
f ax ( v
fax
fd
fd
bD
bD
ap =
a p = D/2
D-d
2
n (vc )
n (vc)
fax (vfax )
D
fax (vfax )
D
fd
a p= D-d
2
d
D
d
a
ap
d
D
n (vc )
D
n (vc )
f ax (vfax )
f ax (v fax )
fd
ap =(D - d )/2
ap =(D -d )/2
aa
n ( vc )
Tarod
Piesa de prelucrat
A-A
A
p
kr
ap =(D - d )/2
d
D
Prelucrri mecanice
120
________________________________________________________________________________________
n
(vc )
n (vc )
ap
fax
D
fd
fax
fd
ap
Gt
Partea util
(corp)
p
D
D
Prelucrri mecanice
122
________________________________________________________________________________________
A-A
M
A
Conicitate invers
D
k r =
Conicitate invers
kr
A
Vedere din A
bo
1 45
1 45
Verticale
Orizontale
Portative
Maini de
gurit
De mas (banc)
Cu coloan
Dup construcia
i domeniul de
utilizare
Cu montant
Radiale
M ultiaxe
n coordonate
Cu comand
program
Prelucrri mecanice
124
________________________________________________________________________________________
CG
CV
2
11
CA
10
7
8
9
frax
fax ( vfax )
MEA
12
G
S
CP
n (vc )
CO
PP
DP
frm
MMG
PB
a
MEA -1-2- CV - 3 - 4 - 5 - 10 - S
MEA -1-2-CV-3-4-5-6-CA-7-8-9- 10 - S
MEA-1-2-CV-3-4-5-6-11-12-7-8-9-10- S
b
Fig. 9.11. Schema de principiu a unei maini de gurit cu coloan:
a - schema cinematic: PB plac de baz; MMG - masa mainii de gurit;
CO - coloan; CP cremalier de reglare; CG - cap de gurit; DP - dispozitiv de poziionare;
S scula achietoare; PP piesa de prelucrat; 1, 2, 3,, 12 - mecanisme de transmitere a
micrii; frm - reglare vertical a mesei ; b - schema fluxului cinematic.
MEA
MEA 1
17
16
frr
GTM
18
19
frc
2
CV
4
5
14 15
TM
13
9
8
DPS
m
S
fax
CO
CA
6
10
frv
12
CG
frax
( v fax )
n ( vc )
PP
MMG
PB
a
MEA1 -1-2-CV-3-4-5-DPS-S
MEA1 -1-2-CV-3-4-5-6-CA-7-8-9-10-DPS-S
MEA1 -1-2-CV-3-4-5-6-12-13-7-8-9-10-DPS-S
MEA2 -16-17-18-19-Sc
m - 14 - 15
Prelucrri mecanice
126
________________________________________________________________________________________
Arbore principal
Reducie
Mandrina
Z2
n(vc )
n(vc )
I
Z2
II
Corpul
capului
multiaxe
Z2
III
Z2
Z2
IV
Z2
fax
Z1
1
n(vc )
I
Z
IV 2
A
Z1
Corpul
capului
multiaxe
IV
n(vc )
D0
D
Z2
V
Z2
VI
Z2
Prelucrri mecanice
128
________________________________________________________________________________________
ap
D
[mm]
2
(9.1)
ap
D d
[mm]
2
(9.2)
pentru burghiere, i:
pentru lrgire, adncire, alezare i tarodare, n care D este diametrul sculei, n [mm];
d - diametrul gurii iniiale, n [mm].
Buc de
ghidare
f ax C f D 0, 6 k f
(9.3)
f ax p mm/rot
(9.4)
Prelucrri mecanice
130
________________________________________________________________________________________
D
Fc
fax
Burghiu
D/2
Fc
n ( vc )
Fc - componenta tangenial;
f
ax
Fy - componenta radial;
Fy
f ax - avansul axial;
n turaia sculei; vc - viteza micrii
principale de achiere.
Fy
Ff
F f C F D xF f ax
yF
k F [daN] ,
(9.5)
v c ec
C v D zv
T m f ax
yv
k v [m/min]
(9.7)
v ec
C v D z v
T m a p v f ax
x
yv
k v [m/min],
(9.8)
n care: Cv; kv; xv; yv; zv sunt coeficieni de corecie determinai experimental, n funcie
de natura materialului de prelucrat, natura materialului sculei i tipul operaiei;
nec
1 000vcec
[rot/min].
(9.9)
Deoarece mainile de gurit nu pot realiza orice valoare a turaiei calculate, se alege
o turaie de lucru nr cea mai apropiat, imediat inferioar lui nec, sau imediat superioar,
dac v < 5%. Dup alegerea turaiei reale, se calculeaz viteza real de achiere vc real
cu relaia:
v creal
Se calculeaz pierderea de vitez
Dnr
[m/min].
1 000
(9.10)
nec nr
100 [%] i se verific dac
nec
Pc
M c nr
955000
[kW] ,
(9.11)