認同與關聯

Identity and Relevance
The Theological Dialectic of the Cross

in Jrgen Moltmann
Identittskrise
Relevanzkrise
ABSTRACT
The Christian life of theologians, churches and human beings is faced more than
ever today with a double crisis: "the crisis of identity"(Identittskrise) and "the crisis
of relevance"(Relevanzkrise). There are tension and complement between these two
crises. Professor Jrgen Moltmann discussed the double crisis with the dialectical
method. This essay begins with the double crisis and then extends to the discussion of
the epistemology of God.
In Moltmann's view, Christian Faith should be back to Bible, back to Paul and
Luther's theology of cross. It should be identified with the Crucified Christ. The
epistemological principle of the theology of the cross can only be this dialectic
principle : the deity of God is revealed in the paradox of the cross. The dialectical
principle of "revelation in the opposite" does not replace the analogical principle of
"like is known only by like", but alone makes it possible. In so far as God is revealed
in his opposite, he can be known by the godless and those who are abandoned by God,
and it is this knowledge which brings them into correspondence with God.
The Christian church and Christian theology become relevant to the problems of
the modern world only when they reveal the hard core of their identity in the crucified
Christ and through it are called into question, together with the society in which they
live. This research of the theological dialectic of the cross in Jrgen Moltmann will
find out the reflection upon the cross leads to the clarification of what can be called
Christian identity and what can be called Christian relevance, in critical way with our
contemporaries.
Key words : Revelation in contradiction, Dialectical knowledge,

Relevanzkrise, Identittskrise, The theology of cross.
ii
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1.1 ..................................................................................
1.2 ..................................................................................
1.3 .......................................................................................
1.4 ...............................................................................................
1.4.1 .......................................................................
1.4.2 ......................................................
10
1.5......................................................
13
1.5.1 ...............................................................................
13
1.5.2 ....................................................................................
15
1.5.3 ...................................................................
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1.5.4 ....................................................................................
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1.6 ........................................................................................................
22
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25
2.1 ..................................................................................
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2.1.1 ..........................................................................
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29
2.1.3 ......................................................................
32
2.1.4 ......................................................................
35
2.2 .................................................................................
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2.2.1 ..............................................................................
36
2.2.2 ..........................................................................
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2.2.3 ..............................................................................
39
iii
2.3 ............................................................
42
2.3.1 .....................................................
42
2.3.2 ..................................................................
42
2.3.3 ..................................................................
44
2.4 .............................................................................
45
2.5 ......................................................................................
48
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50
3.1 .......................................................................................
50
3.1.1 ...........................................................................
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3.1.2 ...........................................................................
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3.1.2.2 .................................................................................
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59
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3.4.1 ..............................................................
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3.4.2 ...................................................................
65
3.4.3 ..................................................................
69
3.4.3.1 ................................................................
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3.4.3.2 ................................................................
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3.4.3.2.1 ....................................................
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3.4.3.3 ................................................................
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iv
4.1 ..................................................................................
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1 ..............................................................................................
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2 ....................................................................
121
3 .............................................................................
124

1.1
Jrgen Moltmann, 1926-

The Crucified GodThe Cross as the Foundation and Criticism of Christian
Theology1
1994 13-19
The Crucified GodThe Cross as the Foundation and Criticism of Christian Theology. London: SCM
Press, 1974, pp.1-6.
2
13The Crucified God. p.1.
14p.2.
15P.3.
1
19p.6.
2
1.2
<
><>
IdentittskriseRelevanzkrise6
46p.25.
3
1.3
<>44 , 1975-5 11-20

Reformed World, Switzerland: World Alliance of Reformed Churches Vol.32,No.1 March
1972, 5-16 1971 7
46 The Crucified God. pp.25-26.

4
10
Corpus Christianum11
12
13
<()>148 1991 7
33 Theology Today, Tr. John Bowden, London: SCM Press, 1988.
10
<> 44 1975-5 11-12
11
<()>148 1991
7 33 Theology Today
12
<> 12
13
<()>148 33
6
14
14

7
15
1.4
1.4.1
..16
15
13p.1.
16
18, 21-23
8
17
18
19
20
21
22
17
<> 13
18
18-19
19
Jrgen Moltmann, The Future of Creation, London: SCM Press, 1979, p.47.
20
Jrgen Moltmann, Theology of Hope: On the Ground and the Implications of a Christian
Eschatology, Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993, pp.18-19.
21
46The Crucified God. pp.25-26.
22
46pp.25-26.
9
The
Heidelberg Disputation.23
Theologia gloriae 24
25
26
27
1.4.2
23
1518 4 26
Johannes von Staupitz
Alister E. McGrath, Luther's Theology of the Cross : Martin Luther's Theological
Breakthrough.Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1985, p.148. Martin Luther, "Heidelberg Disputation".

In Martin Luther's Basic Theological Writings. edited by Timothy F. Lull. Minneapolis: Fortress
Press, 1989, pp.31-32.
24
Paul Althaus 1999
45The Theology of Martin Luther, Philadelphia: Fortreee Press, 1966, p.25.
25
"Crux probat omnia""" Weimarer Ausgabe. 5, 179, p.31

22 1The Crucified God. p.7; p. 29, note 1.
26
27
22-23p.7.
10
28
29
30
31
godlessness
godforsakenness32
28
Jrgen Moltmann, Theology of Hope, p.200.
29
30
1999 9
31
Richard Bauckham, The Theology of Jurgen Moltmann, Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1995, pp.4-5.
32
, p.5.
11
33
Karl Barth, 1886-1968Rudolf Bultmann,
1884-1976Paul Tillich, 1886-1965
Political
Theology34Arne Rasmusson The Church as
Polis 35
36
37
38Dietrich Bonhoeffer,
1906-1945
Albert Camus, 1913-1960
Karl Rahner, 1904-1984
33
, Preface, p.1.
34
<>144 1991
2-3 45 Theology Today
35
Arne Rasmusson, The Church as Polis: From Political Theology to Theological Politics as
Exemplified by Jrgen Moltmann and Stanley Hauerwas, Indiana:Univ. of Notre Dame Press, 1995,
p.11.
36
M. Douglas Meeks, Origins of the Theology of Hope, Phila.: Fortress Press, 1974, p.1.
37
Richard Bauckham, The Theology of Jurgen Moltmann, Preface, p.x.
38
M. Douglas Meeks, Origins of the Theology of Hope. pp.15-48.

12
Ernst Bloch, 1885-1977

Martin Buber,
1878-1965
Franz Rosenzweig, 1886-1929
Abraham Heschel,
1907-1972Walter Benjamin, 1892-1940
39
40Gustavo Gutierrez,
1928-A Theology of Liberation--History, Politics, and Salvation
41
1.5
1.5.1
Ludwig Mller,
1883-c.1945 42
39
R. Stephen Haynes, Prospects for Post-holocaust Theology, Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1991, p.109.
40
Richard Bauckham, The Theology of Jurgen Moltmann, p.3.
41
"Despite these critical observations, Moltmann's work is undoubtedly one of the most important in
contemporary theology. It offers a new approach to the theology of hope and has injected new life into the
reflection on various aspects of Christian existence. Among other things, it helps us overcome the
association between faith and fear of the future which Moltmann rightly considers characteristic of many
Christians." Gustavo Gutirrez, A Theology of Liberation--History, Politics, and Salvation.
NewYork: Orbis Books, 1973, p.218.
42
Ludwig Muller became a leading figure in the association of German Christians and was a supporter of the
13
Basel
43
44
Confession Church45 <>

Barmen Declaration 193446<>
Nazi Party. Muller openly expressed nationalistic and anti-semitic views as it was no surprise when in
1933 Adolf Hitler appointed him as the country's Reich Bishop of the Protestant Church. Muller
committed suicide at the end of the Second World War.
<http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/GERmullerL.htm>
43
Jrgen Moltmann, 'The Cross and Civil Religion' Religion and Political Society. New York: Happer &
Row Publishers, 1974, p.13.
44
"for us young Germans who began the study of theology after the war. 'Auschwits' became a turning point
in our thinking and acting. We became painfully aware that we must liveFor us Auschwitz did not
turn into a question abut the meaning of suffering, as it did for the Jews, but into a question about the
strength to live with such a burden of guilt and shame and sorrow." Stephen R. Haynes, Prospects for
Post-holocaust Theology, pp.105-106.

45
In 1933 Niemller complained about the decision by Adolf Hitler to appoint Ludwig Muller, as the
country's Reich Bishop of the Protestant Church. With the support of Karl Barth, a professor of
theology at Bonn University, in May, 1934, a group of rebel pastors formed what became known as the
Confessional Church. <http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/GERniemoller.htm>
46
14
Otto
Weber, 1902-1966Ernst Wolf, 1902-1971 Hans-Joachim
Iwand, 1899-1999
47
1.5.2
Gttingen
48
47
R. Stephen Haynes, Prospects for Post-holocaust Theology, p.106.
48
"A Religionless Christianity" Bonhoeffer, Dirtrich

1969 100-104Letters and Papers from Prison. ed. by Eberhard Bethge, London: SCM
Press, Abridged Edition, 1981, pp.87-91.
15

Sren Aabye Kierkeggard,
1813-1855the qualitative
difference49
50
Kirchliche Dogmatik
51
52
53
49
S. Kierkeggard, Philosophical Fragments Originally translated and introduced by David Swenson,

new introduction and commentary by Niels Thulstrup, translation revised and commentary translated
byHoward V. Hong; Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton Univ. Press, 1985, pp.41-46.
50
51
Karl Barth 1998 17

106 67The Crucified God. p.69; p.80, note 67.
52
Karl Barth 1996 24
53
Karl Barth 26
16
54
1.5.3
55
Protest Atheism56
Negative Dialektik57Critical Theory58

59
Theism60
54
55
M. Douglas Meeks. Origins of the Theology of Hope. pp. 15-53.

Theodor W. Adorno, 1903-1969Max Horkheimer,
1895-1973
56
290The Crucified God. p. 221.
57
Theodor W. Adorno, Negative Dialektik, trans by E.B. Ashton, London: Routledge, 1973.
1993
58
Max Horkheimer 1989
59
17-18The Crucified God. p.5 .
60
17
Atheist61
62
Wholly
other
61
''Atheismus um seiner selbst willen

''
Atheismus um Gottes willen
1990 427
62
333The Crucified God. p. 252

18
63
Deus definiri nequit

prohibits images Negative
Theology
64
1.5.4
63
297 p. 225.
64
294-295pp. 223-224.
19
65
66
Metaphysical rebellion
67
68
---69
65
334The Crucified God. p. 253.
66
291p. 220.
67
291p. 220.
68
333-334pp. 253-254.
69
291p. 220.
20
70
Gott gegen gott71
70
299The Crucified God, p. 226.
71
207The Crucified God, p.152.

21
72
1.6
72

22
73
Critical
theory of God74
75
73
74
104-105pp.68-69.
75
66 296note 66, p.283.

23
The Cross of Christ as

the Foundation and Criticism of Christian Theology
24
2
2.1
1
2.1.1

25

Auschwitz2
3
Theodicy5
Auschwitz Cracow
31 Elie Wiesel 63
1
1999 205-231God for a Secular
Society: The Public Relevance of Theology. Lodon:SCM Press, 1999, pp.169-190

4
Jrgen Moltmann
1992 25-27
5
6
Roger E.Olson & Stanley J. Grenz

1998 203
26
7<
>8
9
wFrancois Mauriac, 1885-1970Elie Wiesel,
1928- 10La nuit11
12
13
14
31 22 J.B.Metz<>Die Gotteskrise
Diagnosen zur Zeit Dsseldorf1994God for a Secular Society. p.16, note p.262.
26-32God for a Secular Society. pp.11-17.
31p.16.
10
,:Elie Wiesel1928 9 30
(Sighet) 1944
A-7713
1955 wFrancois Mauriac

Yiddish
1986
1998 51 Elie Wiesel
1990<>
11
<>Elie Wiesel 1986, 15-21
12
"Talmud"
Elie Wiesel 53 1
13
"Cabbala"
Elie Wiesel 53 2
14
Elie Wiesel
17-18
27

15
16
17
18
15
66
16
128
17
207God for a Secular Society, p.171.
18

28
19
2.1.2
19
46p.25.
29
Aristotle, 384-332B.C.
like is
only known by like.20like draws to like21
22
---Experiences in Theology
23
Empedocles,
c.500B.C.24
25
26eros
20
1000b 165God for a Secular Society p.135.
21
1155a 166God for a Secular

Society p.136
22
165-166God for a Secular Society pp.135-136
23
Jrgen Moltmann, Experiences in Theology: Ways and Forms of Christian Theology, Minneapolis :
Frotress Press, 2000.
24
Jrgen Moltmann, Experiences in Theology, p.152.
25
Jrgen Moltmann, Experiences in Theolog, p.152. W. Capelle,

1958 236 Experiences in Theology, p.362, note118.
26
Jrgen Moltmann, Experiences in Theology, p.152, Habermas ''.

30

27
28
29
30
31
27
28
'True friendship rests on the foundation of likeness' Experiences in Theology, p.153.
29
169God for a Secular Society, p.138
30
31

31
32
33
34
2.1.3
35
32
33
34
170p.139
35
1803
<---
>134 1990 4 39
32
Natural Theology 36
37
38
39
Theology Today
36
17-18 William
Paley 1743-1805
37
<--->
136 1990 6 40-41 Theology Today
38
39
46p.25.
33
40
41
42
40
23..
41
42
1-3
34
2.1.4
43
43
"One's own identity has to be recognized and set forth in what is different an alien"
47The Crucified God, p.26
35
2.2
The
axiom of likeness
44
anamnesis
45Platonic Principle
46
47
48
2.2.1
Epistemology episteme logos
knowledge
--
44
45
46
47p.26.
47
Empedocles c.500B.C.
Theophrast
47 20 p.30, note 20.
48

36
49
---
Aristotelian axiom
5051
5253
2.2.2
54
Analogy of
49
John Macquarrie 1998

123
50
"analogy and metaphor" Experiences in Theology, p.151.
51
"negation and apophaticism" Experiences in Theology, p.151.
52
"counter-axiom" 'only the unlike can know each other'
Experiences in Theology, p.151.

53
54
"dialectical knowledge" Experiences in Theology, p.151.

37
Proportionality
55Louis Dupr
56
Rudolf Otto, 1869-1937
57
55
56
Louis Dupr 1972 202

3132
57
Karl Barth Rudolf Otto Experiences in Theology, p.154, note121, p.362.

38
58
59
2.2.3
W. Werbeck 60
Dialectic principle of knowledge61
Hippocrates, c.460-380
B.C.62Contraria contrariis curantur63
58
59
48p.27.
60
48 21p.30, note 21.
61
62
Phaedrus 270A
Hippocratic oath
'not to harm but to help'
The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Paul Edwards ed.
39
64 Friedrich von Schelling,

1775-185965
66
67
68
In chief , ;, 1986, Volume Four, pp.6-7.

63
"Contraria contrariis""cure opposites with

opposites""Hippocratic""similia similibus"
"cure like with like" The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Volume Four, pp.6-7.
64
"cure opposites with opposites" The Encyclopedia of Philosophy,p.7
65
48
66
48 22The Crucified God, note 22, p.30.

177 20God for a Secular Society, p.174, note 20.
67
177God for a Secular Society, pp.144-145.
68
177pp.144-145.
40
69
70
Ernst Ksemann,1906-1998
71
72
73
69
70
71
72
49p.27.
73

41
2.3
2.3.1
74
2.3.2
74

42
75
76
77
787980
81
82
75
Erich Przywara Experiences in Theology, p.160.
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Eberhard Jngel Experiences in Theology, p.160; note 133, p.364.
77
"God become man so that man could become God" by Athanasius

78
79
"godlessness" The Crucified God, pp.27,141.
80
"godforsakenness" The Crucified God, pp.145-153.
81
82

43
2.3.3
83
84
85
86
83
Paul Althaus 45The Theology of Martin Luther, p.25.
84
"Thesis19That person does not deserve to be called a theologian who looks upon the invisible things of
God as though they were clearly perceptible in those things that have actually happenedor have been
made, created.Thesis20That person deserves to be called a theologian, however, who comprehends the
visible and manifest things of God through suffering and the cross." Martin Luther, "Heidelberg
Disputation". In Martin Luther's Basic Theological Writings , pp.31-32.

2000 112
85
Paul Althaus 48
86
21
44
87
2.4
88
89
87
Jrgen Moltmann, Experiences in Theology, pp.155-156.
88
20
89
115-116
45
90
91
92
93
Deus absconditus
90
Love is revealed only in hatred

48 22The Crucified God, p.31
91
92
37
93
21-23
46
Deus revelatus
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95
96
97
94
Alister E. McGrath, Luther's Theology of the Cross. Introduction, pp.1-2 .
95
96
Paul Althaus 56
97

47
philia98
the power of eros
99
agape
100
2.5
98
50p.28.
99
100

48
101
102
101
50p.28.
102
50-51p.28.
49
3.1
3.1.1
4
5
Jrgen Moltmann, The Power of the Powerless, London: SCM Press, 1983, p.113.
John R.W. Stott 1993 27
55-58The Crucified God, pp.33-34.
John R.W. Stott 23-24
18
23
50
6
7
10
11
12
13
John R.W. Stott 27
John R.W. Stott 28
31-32, 31, 32-34
John R.W. Stott 30-33
10
46
11
<>---
1998 87-92
12
10
2
13
22-24
51

14
15
1617
18
Christichkeit
19
3.1.2
3.1.2.1
20
14
15
16
17
17
18
64p.38.
19
64p.38.
20
17
52

21
22
23
3.1.2.2
21
18
22
25-31
23

53
24
25
26
27
24
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Martin Luther, Martin Luther's Basic Theological Writings, pp.42-48 112-113
54
28
29
30
31
32
28
Martin Luther, Martin Luther's Basic Theological Writings, p.43.
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30
31
32
107-108The Crucified God, p.70.

55

33
34
35
36
3.2
33
108-109pp.70-71.
34
<>
1998 87
35
25
36

56
37
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Hans Kng 1995 152

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1999 181
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47
48

59
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Walther von Lwenich
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60
Emil Brunner, 1889-1966
--------sola fidesoli deo

gloria-------
------53
Philosophia Crucis54
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<>
56
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1994 162-165
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65the leap of faith

66
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<>--- 86-87
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76
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66
77
78
79
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<> 87
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34, 37
..
80
39
81

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84
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49
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86
20
87
12
88
20
89
322The Crucified God, pp.243-244.

69
90
91
90
70-72pp.43-44.
91
<>1997
175-183
70
3.4.3.2
3.4.3.2.1
92
92
4-6
71

93
94
3.4.3.2.2
95
96
97
93
94
139-151pp.98-102.
95
157p.114.
96
164p.119.
97
161-162p.117.
72
98
3.4.3.3
an identity in total contradiction99
100
98
167-168pp.121-122.
99
100
<>1995.7 54-55
73
101
102
103
104
Ernst Bloch, 1885-1977105Prinzip Hoffnung
106
107
108
101
102
Jrgen Moltmann, Theology of Hope, pp.82-83.
103
163-165pp.120-121.
104
Stephen R. Haynes, Prospects for Post-holocaust Theology, p.108.
105
106
The Principle of Hope. 3 Vols. Mass: MIT press, 1986.
107
Richard Bauckham, The Theology of Jurgen Moltmann, p.2.
108

74
Utopische109
110
111
112
113
114
109
''
ou topon echei Utopische''
'''''
'---
422
110
424
111
Jrgen Moltmann, How I Have Changed: Reflections on Thirty years of theology, PA: Trinity Press
International, 1997, p.15.
112
429
113
13
114

75

115
116
3.4.3.4
115
"Why has Christian theology allowed hope to escape it, when this is very own, special theme?" Jrgen
Moltmann, Theology of Hope, p.9.
116

76
117
118
119
120
122
121Octavius Winslow, 1808-1878
123
124
Hans Urs von Balthasar, 1905-1988125
117
333p.252.
118
337p.255.
119
351p.265.
120
34
121
Richard Bauckham, The Theology of Jrgen Moltmann, p.53.
122
John R.W. Stott 82 29
123
Octavius Winslow, "The Gift of God's Son, the Guarantee of All Other Blessing" ,No Condemnation in
Christ Jesus, Pennsylvania: Banner of Truth Trust, 1991,"Who delivered up Jesus to die? Not Judas, for
money; not Pilate, for fear; not the Jews, for envy- but the Father, for love!" John R.W. Stott
79
124
"Gott gegen gott" 207The Crucified God, p.152.
125

77

126
127
Immanent Trinity
128
Economic Trinity
126
127
128
W. Pannenberg<>
1999 181-182
78
129
130
3.5
131132
129
Richard Bauckham.The Theology of Jrgen Moltmann. pp.47-48.
130
131
18-25
132
18
34
79
133
134
135136
137
138139
140
141142
133
12-18
134
6-8
135
23
136
3.1.2.2 52
137
10
138
139
140
7-8
141
23-24
142
1999 149
Jrgen Moltmann, Theology of Hope, pp.118-120.

80
143
144
143
322The Crucified God, pp.243-244.
144
181
81
4.1
4.1.1
23
1999 17-18
"With the knowledge of God in the Crucified Christ"

"With the knowledge of the 'Crucified God'"
99p.65.
82
5The Stoics,
308BC
6
7
99P.65, 53.
99-100P.65.
"Unmoved mover""Theological Philosophy" Metaphysics VI, I, 1026a

"mythical theology of poets", "political theology of the legislators", "natural theology of the philosophers"
100The Crucified God, p.65. 78, note 54.
100The Crucified God, pp. 65-66.

83
10
11
12
1314
15
16
4.1.2
10
100p66.
11
100p.66.
12
59 101The Crucified God, p.66, 79.
13
14
15
16

100P.66.
126p. 88.
84
17lovgo tou
Qeon18
lovgo tou
19
stanron;
20
21
22
17
18
101p. 67.
17
19
18
20
21
22

8
Walther von Lwenich, Luther's Theology of The Cross, p.28.
85
23
24
25
26 Richard
Bauckham27
28
Praxis
29
23
24
25
26

103p.67.
Arne Rasmusson, The Church as Polis, p.42.
<---()>
144 1991 2-3 45 Theology Today
27
"The greatest achievement of Moltman's theology has been to open up hermeneutical structures for
relating biblical faith to the modern world." Arne Rasmusson, The Church as Polis, note 1, p.42.
28
29

11
86
30
Mediation31
32
33
34
30
71 109-110The Crucified God, p.72, note 71,p.80.
31
Arne Rasmusson, The Church as Polis, pp.42-43.
32
18-21
33
Arne Rasmusson, The Church as Polis, p.43.
34
Arne Rasmusson, The Church as Polis, pp.44-45.

87
35
4.2
36
37
4.2.1
Dialectic of Enlightenment38
35
36

G. Rohrmoser
37
103-104The Crucified God, pp. 67-68.
38
Max horkheimer/ T. W. Adorno, Dialectic of Enlightenment, trans. by John Cumming from

Dealektik der Aufklarung, London: Verso, 1986.
88
39
40
41
42
43
44
39
66 296The Crucified God, note 66, p. 283.
40
Max Horkheimer & Theodor W. Adorno

1990 111-158
41
2000 418
42
428
43
Max Horkheimer & Theodor W. Adorno 1
44
2001
106
89
45
46
4.2.2
47
48
4950
45
Max Horkheimer & Theodor W. Adorno 3
46
47
Elie Wiesel 1990 29
48
Elie Wiese 1986 16-17
49
Elie Wiesel, NightLa nuit,Tran. Robert McAfee Brown, New York:Bantam Books, 1960.
Elie Wiesel 1986
50
Elie Wiesel 31
90
51
52
.
.53John R. W. Stott
54
Indwelling of God
55
56
51
Elie Wiesel 121-123Night, p.76f 362-363
The Crucified God, pp.273-274. 216-217God for a Secular Society:

The Public Relevance of Theology, London: SCM Press, 1999, pp.178-179.
52
53
Elie Wiesel 127-128

128
54
John R.W. Stott 455
55
"Shekinah"
56

91

57
58
Feodor Dostoyevsky, 1821-1881

59wIvan Karamazov
60
57
58

20-23 Martin Luther, "Heidelberg Disputation" in Martin Luther's Basic Theological Writings,
pp.31-32.
59
Fedor Mikhailovich Dostoyevske 1976

147-149
60

92
61
62
63
4.2.3
64
---
65
61
G. Steiner, , 1971 334

62
63

290-292pp.220-222..
64
Jrgen Moltmann, Experience in Theology, p.183.
65
"The two sides of oppression",'Mirror Images of Liberating' in Theology' Experience in Theology. pp.183188.
93
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
66
67
68
69
420p.330.
70
420-421pp.330-331.
71
421p.331.
72
421-422p.331.
94
73
74
75
4.3
76
73
422-423pp.331-332.
74
27
75
Jrgen Moltmann, Experience in Theology, p.185.
76

95
being for man

77
78
79
4.3.1
Der Stern der Erlsung
Shekinah
77
15
78
John R.W. Stott 456
79

96

80
81
82
83
Theology of Divin
PathoAbraham J. Heschel, 1907-19728485
86
80
"God himself cuts himself off from himself, he gives himself away to his people, he suffers with their
sufferings, he goes with them into the misery of the foreign land, he wanders with their wanderingsGod
himself, in that he 'sells himself' to Israel - and what should be more natural for 'God our Father'! - and
suffers its fate with it, makes himself in need of redemption. In this way, in this suffering, the relationship
between God and the remnant points beyond itself." Moltmann, The Church in the Power of the
Spirit, Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993, p.61.

81
24-25
82
7-8
83
9[
]
84
Abraham J. Heschel
85
Abraham J. Heschel, The Prophets, New York: Harper Torch books, 1962.
86
"Pathos of God"
97

87in His
essence passible
no passible essence88
89
90
91
92
4.3.2
359The Crucified God. p.271

87
Abraham J. Heschel, "The Theology of Pathos," in The Prophets, Part II, New York: Harper Torchbooks,
1962, p.4.
88
Abraham J. Heschel, The Prophets, Part II, pp.5-11.
89
Abraham J. Heschel, The Prophets, Part II, pp.3-4.
90
"The most exalted idea applied to God is not infinite wisdom, infinite power, but infinite
concern."Abraham J. Heschel, The Prophets, p.21.
91
3:9
92
8-9
98
93
94
95
96
97
93
"Handing Over""tradere""paradidomi"
33
23
25
94
32
95
18
96
97
23
.
99
98
99
100
4.3.3
Johann- Baptist Metz,

1928-
101
Tegel 102Eberhard Bethge
103
98
35-40
99
20
100
14
101
102
1969
103
"The Bible directs man to God's powerlessness and suffering; only the suffering God can help."
Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Letters and apers from Prison, p.130.

100
104
4.3.4
Hans Kng, 1928-
105
106
107
108
104
223
105
18 224
106
1982 Paul Imhof / Hubert Biallowons, Karl Rahner in Dialogue, trans. by

Harvey D. Egan, NewYork:Crossroad, 1986, pp.126-127.
107
<> 98
108
102
101
109
110
109
Jrgen Moltmann, History and the Triune God: Contributions to Trinitarian Theology, tran. by J.Bowden,
NewYork:Crossroad, 1992, pp.122-124.
110
368
102
103
4.4
111
112
113
114
111
21
112
22 Martin Luther, Martin Luther's Basic Theological Writings, pp.42-48.
112
113
19-23
114
15
104

115
116
117
118
4.5
119
115
8-9
116
6-7
117
118
2.1.4 35-36
119
3.1.1 51-53
105
120
121
122
123
4.5.1
124
125
120
121
34
122
123
<> 25 10
124
125
304p.230.
106
126
127
128
129
4.5.2
126
127
128
32.
129
105-106The Crucified God, pp. 68-69.

107
Orthodoxy
130
Orthopraxis131
132
130
27p.11.
131
27p.11.
132
454
108

133
134
Jos Miguez Bonino
<> dictum
OrthopraxisOrthodoxy
135
136
133
134
27-29pp. 11-13.
135
Jos Miguez Bonino, Doing Theology in a Revolutionary Stuation, Philadelphia: Fortress, 1975, p.81.
Roger E. Olson
2002 707
136
<>145 1991
4 33 Theology Today
109
137
138
139
140
137
"Already but not yet"Jrgen Moltmann, The Future of Creation, p.47.
138
Jrgen Moltmann, 'The Diaconal Church in the Context of the Kingdom of God' in Hope for the
Church---Moltmann in dialogue with Practical Theology, Tennessee: Abingdon, 1979, p.36.
139
Jrgen Moltmann, History and the Triune God: Contributions to Ttrinitarian Theology, tran.J.Bowden,
Lodon: SCM,1991, p.166.
140
Jrgen Moltmann, 'The Life Signs of the Spirit in the Fellowship Community of Christ' in Hope for the
110
141
M.
Douglas Meeks142
143
F.E.D. Schleiermacher,
1768-1834
144
4.6
interpretation
Church---Moltmann in dialogue with Practical Theology, p.37.

141
<> 144 1991

142
Eden Theological Seminary

143
M. Douglas Meeks, 'Moltmann's Contribution to Practical Theology' in Hope for the Church--Moltmann in dialogue with Practical Theology, p.61.
144
p.63.
111
transformationtransform
145
146
147
148
145
146
10
147
12
148
25-26
112
113
''
54 463
<>1985 87-101
114
115
116

SARS
2
SARS
"Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome"
117
118

1Volumes by Jrgen Moltmann
Experience of God. Phila.: Fortress Press, 1980.
Experience in Theology: Ways and Forms of Christian Theology. Minneapolis:
Fortress Press, 2000.
God for a Secular Society: The Public Relevance of Theology. Tr. Margaret Kohl,
London: SCM Press, 1999.
History and the Triune God: Contributions to Trinitarian Theology, Tr.
J.Bowden, New York: Crossroad, 1992.
How I Have Changed: Reflections on Thirty Years of Theology. PA.: Trinity Press
International, 1997.
The Church in the Power of the Spirit: A Contribution to Messianic Ecclesiology.
Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993.
The Coming of God: Christian Eschatology. London: SCM, 1992.
The Crucified God: The Cross of Christ as the Foundation and Criticism of
Christian Theology. London: SCM, 1974.
The Future of Creation. London: SCM, 1979.
The Power of the Powerless. London: SCM Press, 1983.
The Trinity and the Kingdom : The Doctrine of God. Minneapolis: Fortress Press,
1993.
The Way of Jesus Christ: Christology in Messianic Dimensions. London: SCM,
1990.
Theology of Hope: On the Ground and the Implications of a Christian
Eschatology. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993.
Theology Today. Tr. John Bowden, London: SCM Press, 1988.
119
'The Cross and Civil Religion' in Religion and Political Society. New York:
Happer & Row Publishers, 1974, p.13.
'Political Theology and Theology of Liberation' in Liberating The Future: God,
Mommon, and Theology. Joerg Rieger (ed.) MN: Augsburg Fortress, 1998.
'The Diaconal Church in the Context of the Kingdom of God' in Hope for the
Church---Moltmann in Dialogue with Practical Theology. Tennessee:
Abingdon, 1979, p.36.
1991
1992
1999
1984
1994
1994
1999
1998
<--->
134 1990 4 39 Theology Today
<--->
136 1990 6 40-41 Theology Today
<()> 144 1991
<()> 145 1991
4 33 Theology Today
<()> 148 1991
7 33 Theology Today
<>1985
<>1985
<>
120
1985
<>1989.9/10
<>
1991
<>
1991
<>
1991 1774-1796
<20 >1994
<>
1999 215-237
<>
2000 153-165
<>
1999-10-18
<>
http://www.cef.org.tw:50003/public/cm/cm02/2002/0202-4.htm2002
2Principal Secondary Texts

Bauckham,Richard. Moltmann: Messianic Theology in the Making. Basingstoke:
Marshall Pickering, 1987.
--------. The Theology of Jurgen Moltmann. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1995.
--------. God will be All in All: The Eschatology of Jurgen Moltmann.
Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 2001.
--------. 'Jrgen Moltmann' The Modern Theologians. David F. Ford (ed.), MA:
Blackwell Publishers, 1997, pp.209-224.
Grenze, Stanley & Roger Olson
121
1998
Haynes, Stephen R., 'Jrgen Moltmann: Toward a Common Hope.' in Prospects
ForPost-Holocaust Theology, Georgia: The American Academy of
Religion, 1991.
Olson, Roger. 'Trinity and Eschatology: The Historical Being of God in Jrgen
Moltmann and Wolfhart Pannenberg' in Scottish Journal of Theology
Vol.36,pp. 213-327.
Rasmusson, Arne. The Church as Polis: From Political Theology to Theological
Politics as Exemplified by Jrgen Moltmann and Stanley Hauerwas.
Indiana: Univ. of Notre Dame Press, 1995.
2002
<>
1992/14 39-49
<----->
1996 111-134
<>2002
173-189
--------<>
2001 125-144
--------<>
2000/6 125-137
<----->
2000/6 112-120
--------< >
2000/160 54-63
--------<>2001/167 28-43
--------<>
122
2000/159 73-93
--------1998
<>
1998
2000.11/12
1999/4
--------2000/9
--------<>1996
186-200
--------<>
2000 125-135
--------<>1997
113-123
--------<>
2001/6 75-93
--------<
>2002/7 119-146
Tang, Siu-Kwong, Gods History in the Theology of Jurgen Moltmann, Ph.D.
thesis, University of St. Andrews, 1994, Berne: Peter Lang,1996.
<>
1997 185-193
<>1989,1/2, 7-9
<>1999-71\ 53-63
123
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Adorno,Theodor W.1993
Althaus, Paul
1999
Atlaus, Paul. Trandlated by Robert C. Schultz. The Theology of Martin Luther.
Philadelphia: Fortreee Press, 1966.
Barth, Karl
1996
Barth,Karl
1998
Bauckham, Richard. 'Only the suffering God can help: Divine Passibility in
Modern Theology' Themelios. 1984 April, pp.6-12.
Bleicher,Josef 1990
Bonhoeffer, Dirtrich
2001
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Minneapolis: Fortress Press 1996.
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Press, 1981.
Braaten, Carl E. & Robert W. Jenson(ed.)A Map of Twentieth -Century
Theology, Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 1995.
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Jersey: Princeton Univ. Press, 1971, Fourth Printing.
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Erickson, Millard J.. God in Three Persons. Michigan: Baker Books, 1995.
Fergusson, David A.. Bultmann. Minnesota: The Liturgical Press, 1992.
Forde, Gerhard O.. On Binge A Theologian of The Cross: Reflections on Luther's
Heidelberg Disputation, 1518. Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1997.
Forell, George W.
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Heschel, Abraham J.. The Prophets. New York: Harper Torch books, 1962.
Hdidegger, Martin/Heinrich Ott
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Herzog, Frederick (ed.). Theology as Exchatology. The Future of Hope:
Theology as Exchatology, New York: Herder & Herder, 1970.
Haynes, Stephen R.. Prospects for Post-holocaust Theology. Atlanta: Scholars
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Lamb, Matthew L.. History, Method and Theology. Montana: Scholars Press,
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Macquarrie,John
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Malantschuk. Gregor. Kierkegaards Thought. USA:Princeton Universtiy Press,
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McCormack, Bruce L.. Karl Barths Critically Realistic Dialectical Theology.
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Scheler, Max
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Identity and Relevance

The Theological Dialectic of the Cross

Key words : Revelation in contradiction, Dialectical knowledge,

Jrgen Moltmann, 1926-

13The Crucified God. p.1.

<>44 , 1975-5 11-20

46 The Crucified God. pp.25-26.

<> 44 1975-5 11-12

22The Crucified God. p.7.

46The Crucified God. pp.25-26.

Breakthrough.Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1985, p.148. Martin Luther, "Heidelberg Disputation".

"Crux probat omnia""" Weimarer Ausgabe. 5, 179, p.31

22The Crucified God. p.7.

Jrgen Moltmann, Theology of Hope, p.200.

17The Crucified God. p.5.

Richard Bauckham, The Theology of Jurgen Moltmann, Preface, p.x.

M. Douglas Meeks, Origins of the Theology of Hope. pp.15-48.

Ernst Bloch, 1885-1977

Richard Bauckham, The Theology of Jurgen Moltmann, p.3.

Confession Church45 <>

Post-holocaust Theology, pp.105-106.

R. Stephen Haynes, Prospects for Post-holocaust Theology, p.106.

"A Religionless Christianity" Bonhoeffer, Dirtrich

S. Kierkeggard, Philosophical Fragments Originally translated and introduced by David Swenson,

Karl Barth 1998 17

Karl Barth 1996 24

Negative Dialektik57Critical Theory58

M. Douglas Meeks. Origins of the Theology of Hope. pp. 15-53.

290The Crucified God. p. 221.

Max Horkheimer 1989

17-18The Crucified God. p.5 .

''Atheismus um seiner selbst willen

Atheismus um Gottes willen

333The Crucified God. p. 252

Deus definiri nequit

334The Crucified God. p. 253.

Gott gegen gott71

299The Crucified God, p. 226.

207The Crucified God, p.152.

300The Crucified God, p. 227.

257The Crucified God, p.195.

66 296note 66, p.283.

The Cross of Christ as

22The Crucified God, p.7.

1999 205-231God for a Secular

Society: The Public Relevance of Theology. Lodon:SCM Press, 1999, pp.169-190

Roger E.Olson & Stanley J. Grenz

26-32God for a Secular Society. pp.11-17.

1955 wFrancois Mauriac

<>Elie Wiesel 1986, 15-21

207God for a Secular Society, p.171.

24The Crucified God, p.8.

1000b 165God for a Secular Society p.135.

1155a 166God for a Secular

165-166God for a Secular Society pp.135-136

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Jrgen Moltmann, Experiences in Theolog, p.152. W. Capelle,

Jrgen Moltmann, Experiences in Theology, p.152, Habermas ''.

Jrgen Moltmann, Experiences in Theology, p.152.

'True friendship rests on the foundation of likeness' Experiences in Theology, p.153.

169God for a Secular Society, p.138

Jrgen Moltmann, Experiences in Theology, p.153.

170God for a Secular Society, p.139