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Premiile Nobel au fost create de savantul i omul de afaceri suedez Alfred Nobel (1833 1896), inventatorul dinamitei (1867), care, n testamentul su, a ntemeiat o fundaie cu scopul ca
veniturile imensei sale averi s fie oferite n fiecare an "sub form de premii celor care, n anul
precedent, au adus cele mai mari servicii umanitii".
Premiile Nobel sunt decernate de instituiile:
Academia Regal de tiin din Suedia:
An
1901
1902
Nume
Wilhelm Conrad
Rntgen
ar
Imperiul
German
Hendrik Antoon
Lorentz
1903
Pierre i
Marie Curie
Olanda
Frana
Frana
Polonia/
Frana
1904
Unit
1905
Philipp Eduard
Anton von Lenard
Imperiul
German
1906
Regatul
Regatul
Unit
Statele
Unite
Gabriel Lippmann
Frana
Guglielmo Marconi
Italia
1907
Albert Abraham
Michelson
1908
1909
Pieter Zeeman
Antoine Henri
Becquerel
Justificare
Karl Ferdinand
Braun
1910
Johannes Diderik
van der Waals
1911
Wilhelm Wien
Imperiul
German
Olanda
Imperiul
German
1912
1913
Heike Kamerlingh
Onnes
1914
1915
1916
Nu a fost acordat.
1917
Charles Glover
Barkla
1918
Max Planck
1919
Johannes Stark
1920
Charles Edouard
Guillaume
1921
Albert Einstein
Suedia
Olanda
Imperiul
German
Regatul
Unit
1923
Robert Andrews
Millikan
1924
1925
Gustav Ludwig
Hertz
Unit
Regatul
Imperiul
German
Imperiul
German
Elveia
Republica
de la Weimar
Elveia
1922
Danemarca
Statele
Unite
Suedia
Republica
de la Weimar
1926
1927
Charles Thomson
Rees Wilson
Frana
Statele
Unite
Regatul
Unit
Regatul
1928
Owen Willans
Richardson
1929
Prince Louis-Victor
Pierre Raymond de
Broglie
Frana
1930
Sir Chandrasekhara
Venkata Raman
India
Unit
1931
1932
Werner Karl
Heisenberg
Republica
de la Weimar
Erwin Schrdinger
1933
Austria
James Chadwick
Regatul
Unit
1937
1938
1934
1935
Austria
Carl David
Anderson
Statele
Unite
Clinton Joseph
Davisson
Statele
Unite
George Paget
Thomson
Unit
Enrico Fermi
Regatul
Italia
Ernest Orlando
Lawrence
Statele
Unite
1940
1941
1942
1943
Otto Stern
Statele
Unite
1944
Statele
Unite
1945
Wolfgang Ernst
Pauli
Austria
1946
Percy Williams
Bridgman
Statele
Unite
1947
1948
Patrick Maynard
Stuart Blackett
1949
Hideki Yukawa (
)
1950
1951
1952
Edward Mills
Purcell
1953
Frits (Frederik)
Regatul
Unit
Regatul
Unit
Japonia
Regatul
Unit
Regatul
Unit
Irlanda
Statele
Unite
Olanda
Zernike
Max Born
RFG
Walther Bothe
RFG
1954
Statele
Unite
Polykarp Kusch
Statele
Unite
Statele
Unite
1955
William Bradford
Shockley
1956
John Bardeen
Walter Houser
Brattain
Chen Ning Yang
1957
China
Statele
Unite
Uniunea
Sovietic
Owen Chamberlain
Statele
Unite
Donald Arthur
Glaser
Statele
Unite
Statele
Unite
Tsung-Dao Lee
Pavel Alexeevici
Cerenkov
1958
Ilia Frank
Igor Evghenievici
Tamm
1959
1960
Robert Hofstadter
1961
1962
Rudolf Ludwig
Mssbauer
RFG
Lev Davidovici
Landau
Uniunea
Sovietic
Statele
Eugene Paul Wigner
Unite
1963
Maria GoeppertMayer
Statele
Unite
J. Hans D. Jensen
Charles Hard
Townes
1964
Nikolai
Ghenadievici Basov
Aleksandr Prohorov
RFG
Statele
Unite
Uniunea
Sovietic
Sin-Itiro Tomonaga
1965
Julian Schwinger
Richard P. Feynman
Japonia
Statele
Unite
1966
Alfred Kastler
Frana
1967
RFG
1968
1969
Statele
Unite
Murray Gell-Mann
Statele
Unite
Suedia
Frana
1970
Louis Eugene Flix
Nel
1971
Dennis Gabor
Regatul
Unit
John Bardeen
1972
Statele
Unite
Leo Esaki
Japonia
Ivar Giaever
Norvegia
1973
Brian David
Josephson
Regatul
Unit
Regatul
Antony Hewish
Unit
Danemarca
Burton Richter
1976
Statele
Unite
Statele
Unite
1978
Statele
Unite
Unit
Statele
Unite
Piotr Leonidovici
Kapia
Uniunea
Sovietic
Statele
Unite
Robert Woodrow
Regatul
Wilson
Sheldon Lee
Glashow
1979
Abdus Salam
Steven Weinberg
1980
James Watson
Cronin
Val Logsdon Fitch
Nicolaas
Bloembergen
1981
Arthur Leonard
Schawlow
Kai Manne Brje
Siegbahn
1982
Statele
Unite
Pakistan
Statele
Unite
Statele
Unite
Statele
Unite
Suedia
1985
1986
1987
Kenneth G. Wilson
Statele
Unite
Subrahmanyan
Chandrasekhar
Statele
Unite
William Alfred
Fowler
Statele
Unite
1983
1984
Carlo Rubbia
Italia
Olanda
RFG
Ernst Ruska
RFG
Gerd Binnig
RFG
Heinrich Rohrer
Elveia
Johannes Georg
Bednorz
RFG
Karl Alexander
Mller
Elveia
Statele
Unite
Norman Foster
Ramsey
Statele
Unite
Statele
Unite
Melvin Schwartz
Jack Steinberger
1989
Wolfgang Paul
Jerome I. Friedman
1990
Frana
Statele
Unite
Canada
1991
Pierre-Gilles de
Gennes
Frana
1992
Georges Charpak
Frana
Joseph Hooton
Taylor Jr.
Bertram Brockhouse
1994
Statele
Unite
Canada
Clifford Glenwood
Shull
Statele
Unite
Statele
Unite
Frederick Reines
Statele
Unite
Statele
Unite
1995
Douglas D. Osheroff
Robert Coleman
Richardson
1997
Steven Chu
Statele
Unite
1998
Claude CohenTannoudji
Frana
William Daniel
Phillips
Statele
Unite
Robert B. Laughlin
Statele
Unite
Horst Ludwig
Strmer
Daniel Chee Tsui
Germania
2000
2001
2002
2003
Olanda
Martinus J.G.
Veltman
Jores Ivanovici
Alfiorov
Rusia
Herbert Kroemer
Germania
Statele
Unite
Statele
Unite
Wolfgang Ketterle
Germania
Statele
Unite
Statele
Unite
Masatoshi Koshiba
Japonia
Riccardo Giacconi
Statele
Unite
Alexei Alexeevici
Abrikosov
Statele
Unite
Vitali Lazarevici
Ghinzburg
Anthony James
Leggett
Statele
Unite
Rusia
Regatul
Unit
David J. Gross
2004
Statele
Unite
Roy J. Glauber
Statele
Unite
John L. Hall
Statele
Unite
H. David Politzer
Frank Wilczek
2005
Theodor W. Hnsch
2006
2007
John C. Mather
George F. Smoot
Statele
Unite
Albert Fert
Frana
Peter Grnberg
Germania
Yoichiro Nambu
2008
Germania
Statele
Unite
Makoto Kobayashi
Toshihide Maskawa
Charles Kuen Kao
Willard Boyle
George E. Smith
China
Regatul
Statele
Unite
Olanda
2010
Konstantin
Novosiolov
Regatul
Unit/
Rusia
2011
Saul Perlmutter
Statele
Unite
Adam G. Riess
Serge Haroche
2012
2013
David J. Wineland
Japonia
Andre Geim
Brian P. Schmidt
Unit
2009
Frana
Statele
Unite
Franois Englert
Belgia
Peter W. Higgs
Regatul
Unit
Isamu Akasaki
2014
Hiroshi Amano
Shuji Nakamura
Statele
Unite