Economia internaional

ACADEMIA DE STUDII ECONOMICE DIN MOLDOVA

ANALIZA POZIIEI

2204
I A POTENIALULUI
COMERCIAL AL ACESTEIA
LA NIVEL INTERNAIONAL
Autori:

Dumitru PNTEA
Ion HORNE
Alexandru TOMA

Economia internaional

Structura proiectului
Partea a I-a. Prezentarea situaiei statistice a sectorului
- exporturile RM pe grupe de mrfuri (2010 - 2012)
- prezentarea grupei de mrfuri 22 (2010 - 2012)
- analiza poziiei tarifare 2204 (2010 - 2012)
Partea a II-a. Analiza indicatorilor
- Indicatori de msurare a gradului de integrare n
comerul internaional
Partea a III-a. Concluzii
- Concluzii i Recomandri
Bibliografie

Economia internationala

EXPORTURILE REPUBLICII MOLDOVA

n anii 2010-2012 pe grupe de mrfuri, mii dolari USA

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

Industry
00 All industries
22 Beverages, spirits and vinegar
08 Edible fruit, nuts, peel of citrus fruit, melons
85 Electrical, electronic equipment
62 Articles of apparel, accessories, not knit or crochet
61 Articles of apparel, accessories, knit or crochet
12 Oil seed, oleagic fruits, grain, seed, fruit, etc, nes
94 Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricated buildings
30 Pharmaceutical products
15 Animal,vegetable fats and oils, cleavage products, etc
84 Boilers, machinery; nuclear reactors, etc
20 Vegetable, fruit, nut, etc food preparations
87 Vehicles other than railway, tramway
Other

2010

2011

2012

1541331
178183
167622
112066
126480
102547
90374
40930
60506
47583
59477
52268
13,685
489610

2216668
181317
186953
179513
157368
115520
181522
87635
77096
77487
103785
68766
38115
761591

2161749
214965
202317
201453
145805
103823
99888
95114
93991
89712
77145
60375
46011
731150

Economia internationala

2010

2011

2012

214965
202317

201453
181522
157368
115520
95114

93991

103785
89712
68766
46011

Economia internationala

EXPORTURILE REPUBLICII MOLDOVA

n anii 2010-2012 pe grupa de mrfuri Cod NM 22, mii dolari USA
Industry

2010

2011

2012

2200 All industries in sector 22

178183

181317

214965

2204 Wine of fresh grapes

137871

132488

142127

36171

42751

64930

2202 Non-alcoholic beverages (excl. water, fruit or vegetable juices and milk)

2090

3069

4057

2206 Fermented beverages, nes

1028

2025

2767

2205 Vermouth&other grape wine flavoured with plants or aromatic substances

587

405

547

2203 Beer made from malt

175

117

295

2209 Vinegar and substitutes for vinegar

216

430

217

45

22

25

10

2208 Spirits, liqueurs, other spirit beverages, alcoholic preparations

2201 Mineral & aerated waters

2207 Ethyl alcohol & other spirits (if undenatured then higher than 80% by volume)

Economia internationala
2010

2011

2208
Spirits...
20.30%

2208
Spirits...
23.58%

2204
Wine of
fresh...
77.38%

2204
Wine of
fresh...
73.07%

2012

2204 Wine of fresh...

2208 Spirits...

2202 Non-alcoholic...

30.20%

2206 Fermented...
2205 Vermouth&...
2203 Beer made...

66.12%

2209 Vinegar...
2201 Mineral & ...
2207 Ethyl alcohol &...

Economia internationala

EXPORTURILE REPUBLICII MOLDOVA

n anii 2010-2012
pe grupa de mrfuri 2204
Unitate
a
de
msur
Cod NM

Denumire
a mrfii

2010

Cantitatea

EXPORTtotal

2204

Vin si
must din
struguri

2011

Valoarea, Ponder
ea

Pret

mii dolari
SUA

$/l

Cantitatea

1541486.6

dal

2012

Valoarea, Ponder
ea

Pret

mii dolari
SUA

$/l

Valoarea, Pond Pret

erea
Cantitatea

2216815.0

mii dolari
SUA

$/l

2161787.0

12606879.2 137870.8

8.9

1.1

12118074.6 132485.2

6.0

1.1

12194918.3 142128.7

6.6

1.2

Tarile CSI

10729236.5 110645.6

80.3

1.0

9864055.3

100927.1

76.2

1.0

9409954.1

106379.9

74.8

1.1

Tarile
Uniunii
Europene

1122436.8

18318.8

13.3

1.6

1469983.6

20640.7

15.6

1.4

1616518.1

20815.5

14.6

1.3

Alte tari

755205.9

8906.4

6.5

1.2

784035.6

10917.4

8.2

1.4

1168446.1

14933.3

10.5

1.3

din care:

Economia internationala

EXPORT-total, mii dolari SUA

2216815.0

2161787.0

Export vin si must din struguri Cod NM 2204, mii dolari SUA
142128.7

1541486.6

137870.8
132485.2

2010

2011

2012

Ponderea vin si must din struguri

din EXPORT-total, %

2010

2011

2012

Pret $/l la vin si must din

struguri

8.9%

1.2
6.0%

6.6%
1.1

2010

2011

2012

2010

1.1

2011

2012

Economia internationala
Export vin si must din struguri, %
2010

13.3
%

2011

6.5%

2012

8.2%
15.6
%

10.5%

14.6%

76.2
%

80.3
%

Tarile CSI
Tarile Uniunii
Europene

74.8%

Alte tari

Export vin si must din struguri, mii dolari SUA

Tarile CSI

110645.6

Tarile Uniunii Europene

100927.1
18318.8
8906.4

2010

20640.7
10917.4

2011

Alte tari

106379.9
20815.5
14933.3

2012

Economia internationala
Cei mai mari 20 exportatori de vinuri
2010

2011

Tara
France

Valoarea
$8,387,975,977

cantitatea pret $/l

1,240,405,435
$6.76

Italy

$5,189,250,091

2,147,628,239

Spain

$2,495,176,425

1,827,107,790

Australia

$1,909,192,448

799,494,510

Chile

$1,547,243,786

Germany
USA

2012

Tara
France

Valoarea
$9,974,417,126

cantitatea pret $/l

1,365,372,723
$7.31

Italy

$6,131,480,355

2,323,613,579

Spain

$3,088,907,950

2,441,481,769

$2.39

Australia

$1,985,614,875

982,254,026

$2.02

Australia

$1,957,804,241

732,132,366

$2.11

Chile

$1,696,241,381

665,517,524

$2.55

Chile

$1,798,071,004

$1,140,262,928

385,957,912

$2.95

Germany

$1,360,537,464

415,179,764

$3.28

USA

$1,384,365,051

$1,104,323,226

401,471,337

$2.75

USA

$1,344,593,171

421,399,109

$3.19

Germany

$1,254,175,697

396,912,994

Portugal

$807,043,603

254,190,931

Portugal

$907,642,553

294,621,224

New Zealand

$984,967,461

267,283,796

South Africa

$783,148,130

392,327,581

New Zealand

$895,193,931

258,542,032

Argentina

$928,527,453

372,162,267

United
Kingdom

$870,889,228

69,606,950

Portugal

$909,883,866

339,698,270

Argentina

$853,549,366

321,756,229

South Africa

$730,341,093

N/A

$2.01

United
Kingdom

$695,980,134

79,318,903

$25.89

Singapore

$428,311,702

Netherlands

$272,990,446

New Zealand

$774,200,862

157,172,573

Argentina

$745,064,337

285,704,158

United
Kingdom

$661,056,249

75,890,843

Singapore

$270,658,959

11,807,413

China, Hong
Kong SAR

$171,970,258

12,336,083

Switzerland

$164,681,183

$2.42
$1.37

$3.17
$2.00

$4.93
$2.61
$8.71
$22.92

373,988,786

Singapore

$358,524,579

13,849,443

Netherlands

$267,451,938

27,736,212

$163,610,828

67,356,204

Rep. of
Moldova

$137,870,927

126,072,315

$245,693,131

$2.43 Switzerland

$221,912,103

Austria

$176,650,802

49,465,745

Netherlands

$136,973,758

14,949,813

Belgium

$166,647,059

N/A

Rep. of
Moldova

$129,390,146
$123,096,962

N/A

$132,485,038

121,179,902

33,950,711

$1.09
$9.16
#VALUE!
$3.63

$1.27

$3.08
$3.46

$12.51
$2.65

Valoarea
$10,073,105,330

cantitatea pret $/l

N/A #VALUE!

Italy

$6,035,729,455 2,130,745,695

Spain

$3,300,536,005 2,182,901,885

Lithuania

$227,945,296

2,163,730 $102.56 Switzerland

$175,561,513

$13.29

$118,977,494

58,580,153

$3.57
#VALUE!
$1.09
$2.03

$1.51

$2.00
N/A #VALUE!
N/A #VALUE!
$3.16
$3.69
$2.49

$2.68
#VALUE!

$8.77
N/A #VALUE!

35,342,995
$7.72

China, Hong
Kong SAR

18,490,646

$2.83

977,396,922

$9.64
China, Hong
Kong SAR

2,128,845

Austria

Denmark

$751,993,384

$13.94

$77.36

Belgium

South Africa

$2.64

Tara
France

N/A
#VALUE!
1,720,923 $102.02

Austria

$173,335,210

50,294,778

Belgium

$168,644,037

N/A

Lithuania

$157,074,007

69,743,261

Rep. of
Moldova

$142,128,450

121,836,507

$3.45
#VALUE!
$2.25
$1.17

Economia internationala
Cei mai mari exportatori de vinuri (valoarea), USD
2012
$10,073,105,330

$6,035,729,455

$909,883,866

$142,128,450

Economia internationala
Preul mediu de export, 2011 (USD/ l)

$120.00

$102.56

$100.00
$80.00

pret

$60.00
$40.00
$25.89
$20.00
$0.00

$7.31

$12.51

$13.29 $1.09
$9.64
$2.64
$3.46 $2.65
$3.28
$3.19
$3.08
$2.55
$2.03
$2.02
$2.01
$1.27
$3.57

Economia internationala

Indicatori ai gradului de
specializare internaional
1) nclinaia ctre export
Rata de acoperire = 10253%
(exporturile depesc cu mult importurile)
La 1 mln importat revin 102 mln exportate.

2) Rata de penetrare pe piaa intern

RM consum de 4.6l vin /locuitor
Nr. Locuitori=3 560 000
(ca baza Pi = consumul intern)

3)Raport de schimb
Raportul net al schimburilor =

2010
148%

2011
132%

2012
33%

indicele respectiv are o

tendin de micorare,
astfel se nregistreaz o
nrutire a condiiilor de
schimb.

Economia internaional

Indicatori ai gradului de
specializare internaional
1)

Indicatorul avantajelor comparative relevante

IARC= 185.4
RM / Romania
exporturile de vin sint de 185.4 ori mai importante pentru RM decit pentru
Romania
IARC= 4.2
RM / Portugalia
exporturile de vin sint de 4.2 ori mai importante pentru RM decit pentru
Portugalia

2) Indicator al dependentei de importuri

IDI=
17.71
RM / Portugalia
importurile de vinuri sint de 17.7 ori mai nesemnificative pentru Romania
decit pentru RM
IDI=
34.50
RM / Romnia
importurile de vinuri sint de 34.5 ori mai nesemnificative pentru Romania
decit pentru RM

Economia internaional

Indicatori ai gradului de
specializare internaional
3) Indicator al avantajelor comparative globale
IACG = 1047
Fa de Romnia, Republica Moldova poseda un
avantaj comparativ global cu mult mai mare decit fata
de Portugalia
IACG = 12

4) Rata de acoperire a importurilor

In Republica Moldova exporturile de vinuri acopera
Xi/Mi = 98%
in proportie de 98% importurile de vinuri
In Portugalia exporturile de vinuri acopera
Xi/Mi = 79%
in proportie de 79% importurile de vinuri
In Romania exporturile de vinuri nu acopera
importurile de vinuri, fiind un deficit in proportie de
Xi/Mi = -45%
45%

Economia internaional

Indicatori ai gradului de
specializare internaional
5) Indicatorul lui Grubel sau indicatorul comertului intraindustrial
Grubel = 0.019
Republica Moldova - Comert interindustrial
Grubel = 0.21
Portugalia - Comert interindustrial
Grubel = 1.4
Romania - Comert intraindustrial
6) Indicatorul Bela Bellasa
IBB= 0.98
IBB= 0.79
IBB= -0.45

RM
Portugalia
Romania

7) Specializarea. Indicele Balassa

RCA= 35.9
RM
Cea mai specializata in industria vinului este
Republica Moldova, industria respectiva
avind o pondere insemnata
RCA= 8.5
Portugalia 8)8)Specializarea
SpecializareaIndicele
IndiceleLafay
Lafay
RCA= 0.2
Romania KK==0,00014
0,00014 Lafay
Lafay==8,4
8,4

Economia internaional

Indicatori ai gradului de concentrare a

importurilor i exporturilor
1) Coficientul de concentrare GINI
Cij = 6.6
RM
Cij = 1.6
Portugalia
Cij = 0.04
Romania
2) Coficientul de concentrare a importurilor
Cjm = 0.03
RM
Cjm = 0.08
Portugalia
Cjm = 0.08
Romania

Economia internaional
Moldova
Importatori

Valoarea
exportata mii $

Romania
Cantitatea, t.

Pret, $/l

TOTAL EXPORT

2161787

Total Export 2204

142128

121837

1,2

Russia

40468

31383

1,3

Belarus

36383

42060

Kazakhstan

14711

Ukraine

Tarif

Importatori
TOTAL Export

Valoarea exportata
Cantitatea, t.
mii $

Pret, $/l

Tarif

57904330

Total Export 2204

20529

11383

1,8

0%

China

3805

1159

3,3

14,74%

0,9

0%

United Kingdom

3779

2099

1,8

0%

7775

1,9

0%

Germany

2816

2378

1,2

0%

12197

10238

1,2

0%

Spain

1623

1548

1,0

0%

Poland

7680

4953

1,6

4,84 %

Italy

1591

820

1,9

0%

Georgia

6264

8177

0,8

0%

Estonia

1299

719

1,8

0%

China

4962

1827

2,7

14,74%

USA

1266

597

2,1

2,9 %

Czech Republic

4826

3670

1,3

4,84 %

Canada

777

290

2,7

0,05 %

Romania

3861

4737

0,8

4,84 %

Poland

608

220

2,8

0%

USA

1661

892

1,9

1,91 %

Czech Republic

594

511

1,2

0%

Cantitatea, t.

Pret, $/l

Tarif

Portugalia
Importatori

Valoarea
exportata mii $

TOTAL EXPORT

58378986

Total Export 2204

909884

339698

2,7

France

148215

61244

2,4

0%

Angola

111252

68407

1,6

27,9 %

United Kingdom

93115

21916

4,2

0%

USA

66051

13879

4,8

2,9 %

Netherlands

65113

16824

3,9

0%

Belgium

60864

15315

4,0

0%

Germany

50284

22992

2,2

0%

Canada

47661

8463

5,6

0,05 %

Brazil

36809

9607

3,8

25,15 %

Switzerland

28366

8132

3,5

15,4 %