ECE 6345

Spring 2011
Prof. David R. Jackson
ECE Dept.

Notes 10

Overview
In set set of notes we derive the far-field pattern of a
circular patch operating in the dominant TM11 mode.
mode

Circular Patch: TM11 Mode

y

a
x

Ez ( , ) = A cos J1 ( k )

This corresponds to
a probe on the x axis.

x11
k=
a
x11 = 1.841
1 841
3

Circular Patch (cont.)

Magnetic current model:

M s = n E
= E
M s = Ez ( a, )
= A cos J1 ( ka )
Choose

1
A=
J1 ( ka )

M s = cos
4

Far Field of Circular Patch

Reciprocity setup:

r
H

ipw

M s
a

'

x
5

Far Field of Circular Patch (cont.)

Far-field:

E pFF ( r , , ) = < a, b >

= < b, a >
= H

ppw

a
s

M dS

= H pw' ( , , z ) cos dS
S

The primes here

denotes source
coordinates.

Hpw' ( a, , z ) cos a dz d

pw
pw

+
Hpw
H
sin

H
(
)
x
y ( cos )
'

Far Field of Circular Patch (cont.)

Inside the substrate we have

H xpw
,y

( x, y, z ) =

H xpw
,y

( 0, 0, 0 ) e (

j k x x + k y y

) sec k h cos k ( z + h)
( z1
)
( z1 )

(k z1 = k0 N1 ( ) )
The exponent term may be put in cylindrical coordinates as follows:

k x x + k y y = ( k0 sin cos ) ( a cos ) + ( k0 sin sin ) ( a sin )

= k0 a sin ( cos cos + sin sin ')
= k0 ssin cos ( )
7

Far Field of Circular Patch (cont.)

Hence

Hpw
' = sec ( k z1h ) cos k z1 ( z + h ) e

j ( k0a )sin
) i cos( ' )

sin H xpw (0, 0, 0) + cos H ypw (0, 0, 0)

Since the horizontal magnetic field components are modeled as current in

the TEN, we have
ipw
H xpw
0
0,
0,
0
0
=
H
(
)
,y
x , y (1 ( ) )

p = : TM,
TM p = : TE
8

Far Field of Circular Patch (cont.)

TMz

TEz

( p = )
H

ipw
x

E0
E0

0 00, 0 ) = x =
i )
( 0,
( sin
0
0

ipw
y

E0
E0

0 00, 0 ) = y =
( 0,
( cos )
0
0

( p = )
H xipw

E0
E0

0 0,
0 0) = x =
( 0,
( cos cos )
0
0

p
H yipw

E0
E0
0 0,
0 0 ) = y =
( 0,
( cos sin )
0
0

TMz

Far Field E

( p = )

Substituting for Hx and Hy, we have

Hpw
= sec ( k z1h ) cos k z1 ( z + h ) e

j ( k0a )sin cos( )

E
0 [ sin sin cos cos ] 1 TM ( )
0

[ ] = cos ( )

Note:
Hence we have
Hence,
FF

( r , , ) = 0 h 0 sec ( k z1h ) cos k z1 ( z + h) e j ( k0a )sin cos( )

0
(1 TM ( ) ) ( cos( ) ) cos a dz d
0

10

Far Field E (cont.)

We have that
0

sec ( k z1h ) cos k z1 ( z + h) dz = h tanc((k z1h)

h

E
so that EFF ( r , , ) = a 0 (h) tanc(k z1h) 1 TM ( )
0

Let

ITM

jq cos( )

jq cos( ' )

cos ( ' ) cos ' d '

where q ( k 0 a ) sin

cos ( ) cos d ' =

jq cos( )

cos ( ) cos ( + ) d
11

Far Field E (cont.)

We have that

cos ( "+ ) = cos "cos sin "sin

and

( ) d = 0 ( ) d

so that
2

ITM e
0

jq cos ( )

cos ( ) cos ( + ) d
2

= cos e jq cos cos 2 d

0

sin e jq cos sin "cos

cos d
0

Now use

cos 2 = 1 sin 2

equals zero
((odd function))
12

Far Field E (cont.)

2

ITM = cos e

jq cos

d cos e jq cos sin 2 d

0

Now we use the following identity:

nn++1
1

n
+

2
2

2n
jq cos

=
e
d
J
q

sin
(
)
n
n
0
q

where

1
=
2
3 1
=

2 2

13

Far Field E (cont.)

Hence

jq cos "

ITM

and thus

Now use

e jq cos "d " = 2 J 0 (q )

J1 ( q )
sin " d " = 2

q
2

J1 ( q )
= cos (2 ) J 0 (q )

n
J n ( x ) = J n1 ( x ) J n ( x )
x

so that

J1( x ) = J 0 ( x )

J1 ( x )
x

14

Far Field E (cont.)

Hence

ITM = 2 cos J1(q)

The far field is then

FF

( r , , ) =

E0

(ah) tanc(k z1h) Q ( )

2 cos J1(k0 a sin )

where

Q ( ) = 1 TM ( )
15

TEz

( p = )

Far Field E

Performing similar steps, we have

j ( k0 a )sin cos( )
TE

Hpw
sec
k
h
cos
k
z
h
1
(

)
e
( z1 )
)(
)

z1 (

E0
[ sin cos cos + cos cos sin ]
0
Using reciprocity and performing the integration in z, we have
FF

E0
( r , , ) = a (h) tanc(k z1h) (1 TE ( ) )
0
2

cos e jq cos( ) sin ( ) cos d

0

16

Far Field E (cont.)

Evaluating the integral, we have
2

ITE e

jq cos( )

sin( ) cos d

= e jq cos sin cos ( + ) d

0

= e jq cos sin [ cos cos sin sin ] d

0

= cos e
0

jq cos

sin cos d sin e jq cos " sin 2 d

J1 ( q )
= sin
i 2

equals zero
(odd function)
17

Far Field E (cont.)

Hence
FF

J1 ( k0 a sin )
i 2
( r , , ) = (ahh) tanc ( k z1h ) sin
P( )
0
k0 a sin
E0

where

P( ) cos (1 TE ( ) )

18