America

Abroad

Philippines

Some opposed
annexation

Too far away

Others: crucial
to U.S. economic
interests
Emilio Aguinaldo:
Led anti-U.S.
Filipino effort

Guerilla

warfare

U.S. territory: 1902 to 1946

China: Open Door

U.S. promotes
policy of leaving
China open to
Britain, France,
Germany, Russia,
and the U.S.
Ensured U.S. had
equal
opportunities
to take advantage
of Chinas wealth

Panama Canal

T. Roosevelt wanted
canal for U.S. ships
Military, Economic
To connect Atlantic,
Pacific Oceans to
avoid trip around
South America
U.S. helps Panama
win independence
from Columbia
Panama gives U.S.
land for canal
Built: 1905-1914
Returned to Panama

T. Roosevelt Corollary (1904)

Expands Monroe
Doctrine
Monroe: U.S. wont
allow European
powers to colonize
newly independent
nations in Western
Hemisphere
Roosevelt: U.S. has
right to intervene if nation had
trouble paying its debts

U.S. Foreign Policy (1904-1916)

Big Stick diplomacy

(T. Roosevelt)
speak softly,
carry a big stick
Military
intervention
Dollar diplomacy
(Taft) Send money
instead of bullets
Missionary
diplomacy (Wilson) Moral obligation
to help the less fortunate

Review
1. After the Spanish-American War, the United States controlled
the Philippines, Cuba, and Guam. With this in mind, what was
the major reason the United States military emphasized the
building of a canal across the Isthmus of Panama?
A. The canal would save travel time for naval vessels
B. The military wanted to establish a naval base outside the
continental United States but close to a canal
C. Military strategists felt that the canal would be a desirable
launching point for the invasion of South America
D. With a canal built for the military the United States Navy
would not have to compete with trading ships on the high
seas
2. Which statement correctly describes how the U.S. was able
to construct the Panama Canal?
A. the U.S. fought the Spanish-American War of 1898 for the
right to build a canal
B. the U.S. gave special privileges to the steel industry for
providing the materials for the canal
C. the U.S. entered World War I in 1914 in exchange for the right
to control a canal built by Great Britain and France
D. the U.S. intervened to create the new nation of Panama and
then negotiated for the construction and control of the canal

Use the quotation below to answer the question

It is not true that the United States feels any land

hunger or entertains any projects as regards the
other nations of the Western Hemisphere save such
as are for their welfare. All that this country desires
is to see the neighboring countries stable, orderly,
and prosperouswrongdoingmay force the United
Statesto the exercise of an international police
power.
- President Theodore Roosevelt, Roosevelt Corollary to
the Monroe Doctrine
3. According to the quotation, what was the purpose
for the US issuing the Corollary to the Monroe
Doctrine?
A. It allowed other countries to form independent
governments
B. It justified United States intervention in Latin
America
C. It created a spirit of cooperation between the
countries of the Western Hemisphere
D. It established the principle of self-reliance for
Central America

4. The cartoon below is most likely depicting

what US foreign policy?
A. Dollar diplomacy
B. Big stick diplomacy
C. Missionary diplomacy D. Neutrality diplomacy

Zinn, Chapter 12

1. Why would T. Roosevelt say that the nation

needed war? Provide 3 examples.
2. From what two sources did the plan for
war grow? Explain each.
3. How had the US already started to build
an empire before the Spanish-American
War? Provide any 2 examples from prior
classes or readings.
4. What were the pros and cons of assisting
Cuba against Spain?
5. What was the significance of the Platt
Amendment?
6. What did the United States gain from the
Spanish-American War? How did Filipinos
react?
7. How did many African Americans respond
to the War in the Philippines? Why?

Class Question:
Should

the U.S.
intervene in other
countries affairs
like it did in Cuba,
the Philippines,
and Panama?