The Process of Group

Interaction

The Process of Group

Interaction
1. Cooperation
Interaction that occurs when people work together to
achieve a shared goal or promote common interest
2. Competition
Occurs when individuals or goals struggle to reach the
same goal.
Exist because of scarcity of resources money, power,
prestige, honor, etc
Ultimate goal is not to harm or destroy its competitors.
The primary concern is toward goal achievement.
Competition is regulated by shared rules.
3. Conflict
A social process whereby two or more groups consciously
seek other to block one another in achieving a desired
goal or to defeat, or annihilate one another.
It a struggle over scarce resources that are not regulated

Factors affecting Small Group

Interaction
1. Size
The smaller the size of the group, the
higher the interaction and the bigger
the size, the lesser the interaction.

2. Proximity
The close the distance of people the
more interaction, the farther the
distance the lesser interaction

3. Communication Patterns

All Channel Network, Circle Pattern, Wheel

Pattern

4. Cohesion
Degree of attraction members feel to the group.
Extensive interactions tend to produce positive
feelings.
No matter how strange people seem when you first
met them, if you work with them year in and year
out, you come to have certain affection for them.

5. Social Contract
Small groups rarely have access to legal
information or formal sanctions, yet they exercise
profound control over individuals

6. Decision
Making
Generally,
groups strive
to reach
consensus,
they would like
their decision
to be
agreeable to
every member.

Formal Organization & The

Bureaucracy
Social Group & Group
Interaction

Meaning of Organization
Organization
a process of identifying and grouping
the work to be performed, defining &
delegating responsibility and authority,
and establishing relationship for the
purpose of enabling people to work
most effectively together in
accomplishing objective (Allen, 1958)

 Organization
arrangement of personnel for facilitating
the accomplishment of some agreed
purpose through the allocation of
functions and responsibilities. It is a plan
by which a group of people pools its
efforts toward designated objectives
though definition and division of
activities, responsibilities and authority.
(Gaus)

 Organization relating of efforts and

capacities of individuals and groups
engage upon common task in such a
way as to secure the desired
objectives with least friction and the
most satisfaction to those for whom
the task is done and those engage in
the enterprise.

 Organization are human groupings

or social groups deliberately
constructed and reconstructed to
meet specific goals.
Organization by nature, large,
formal, with complex status networkl.
These complex organiato

Classification of
Organization
Formal Organizaton
A system of welldefined jobs each
bearing a definite
measure of authority,
responsibility and
accountability, the
whole consciously
designed to enable
people to work most
effectively together in
accomplishing their
objectives.

Informal Organization
Informal organization
refers to relationship
of individuals due to
similarity of likes,
dislikes, emotions,
needs or attitudes.
It may exist within a
formal organization.

BUREAUCRACY

 Characterized by division of labor

based on specialization, a hierarchy
of offices, a system of rules and
procedures, written records of
activities, full time jobs and
impersonal relationships.

 Bureaucracy is a special type of

complex organization characterized
by explicit rules and hierarchical
authority structure

Elements of Bureaucracy
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Specialization
Hierarchy of Offices
Rules & Regulations
Technical Competence
Impersonality
Formal, Written Communication

Limitations of
Bureaucracy
1.
2.
3.
4.

Alienation
Ritualism
Incompetence
Inequality

Problems of Bureaucracy in the

Philippines
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Nepotism & Favoritism

Perpetuation of the Spoil System
Too much red tape
Graft & Corruption
Laxity in supervision
Presence of factions & cliques
Inefficiency
Red Tape
Official Misconduct