the firm uses to pursue its marketing objectives in the target market. McCarthy classified these tools into four broad groups that he called the 4ps of marketing:
4 Ps of Marketing
MARKETIN MIX
Product
price promotion
place
Product variety list price sales promotion channels
Quality discounts advertising coverage Design allowances sales force Features payment public relations locations Brand name period direct marketing inventory Packaging credit terms transport Sizes Services Warranties returns
4 Ps represent the sellers view of the marketing tools
available for influencing buyers. From a buyers point of view, each marketing tool is designed to deliver a customer benefit. Lauterborn suggested that the sellers 4 Ps correspond to the customers 4 Cs. 4 Ps Product Price Place Promotion
4 Cs Customer Solution Customer Cost Convenience Communication