WHATS

UP?!?!?!

1.3: Understanding The

Mechanism Of Blood Clotting

Made by:
Balqis Hafni, Bazilah Balqis, Anis
Farzana, Nik Harisha, Maryam Fuad,
Iman Arlisya
(Pinocchio)

NECESSITY OF BLOOD
CLOTTING
Prevent excessive blood loss from the
body when there is a damage of the
blood vessel.
Maintain the blood pressure.
Prevent the entry of microorganism and
foreign particles into the body.

BLOOD CLOTTING MECHANISM

When you get cut, platelets exposed to air and

become sticky then clump together to plug the
wound.
Clotting Factorsare released by platelets and
damage tissue called thrombokinase.
Thrombokinase in the presence of calcium ions,
converts prothrombin into thrombin
The formation of prothrombin in the livers requires
vitamin K
Thrombin converts soluble plasma protein, fibrinogen
into insoluble fibrin fibres which form a meshwork of
thread over the wound.
As the blood flows, erythrocytes and platelets are
trapped in the fibrin fibres and a blood clot are form.

BLOOD CLOTTING MECHANISM

Injury/ rupture in blood
vessels
Platelets clumps in the wound
Vitamin K

Thrombin

Fibrin

Release of
thrombokinase
Thrombokina
se
Calcium ions

Prothrombin

Fibrinogen

Clot forms to stop further blood

loss

CONSEQUENCES OF AN IMPAIRED
BLOOD CLOTTING MECHANISM
PROBLEMS RELATED TO BLOOD CLOTTING
INCLUDEHAEMOPHILIA AND THROMBOSIS
HAEMOPHILIA
Haemophilia is a heritance disease due to the lack of certain
gene for the production of certain factors. This is an impaired
clotting mechanism which causes serious
bleedingparticularlyin the joints. The afflicted person may die
as the result of excessive bleeding from even minor cuts and
bruises because blood clotting cannot take place.

CONSEQUENCES OF AN
IMPAIRED BLOOD CLOTTING
MECHANISM
THROMBOSIS
o Sometimes a local blood clot(thrombus) is formed on the
damaged rough inner wall of the artery.
o This may cause blockage of the artery known as
thrombosis.
o Embolus formed when the thrombus dislodges and is
carried away by blood circulation.
o It may trapped in a small artery where it blocked the blood
flow, this condition called embolism.
o The blocked coronary artery cuts off the supply of oxygen
and nutrients to the heart muscles, hence causes
theHEART ATTACK