Pointers, Classes and your term

project!

Syntax of Pointers

(see examples 6,7,and 8 9examples.cpp)

INTERNET or WWW
3

What is the Internet?

Worldwide set of computer networks
Uses: email, chat, audio/video, file transfer, web pages
A series of tubes
What is the WWW?
Set of web pages and sites
Subset of the overall Internet
WWW and Internet are not synonyms

Brief history
4

Began as a US Department of Defense

network called ARPANET (1960s-70s)

Initial services: Email (1971) and file transfer
Protocols (standard format for communications
between computers)
1988 Internet opened to
commerical interests

Key Aspects of ARPANET -> Internet

subnetworks can stand on their own
computers can dynamically join and leave the

network
built on open standards; anyone can create a new
internet device
lack of centralized control (mostly)
everyone can use it with simple, commonly available
software

Brief history (cont.)

6

WWW created in 1989-91 by Tim Berners-Lee

Popular web browsers released:
Netscape 1994
IE 1995
Amazon.com opens in 1995
Google January 1996
Wikipedia launched in 2001
MySpace opens in 2003
Facebook February 2004

People and organizations

7

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF): internet

protocol standards
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and
Numbers (ICANN): decides top-level domain names
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C): web standards

Internet Protocol (IP)

8

a simple protocol for attempting to send data between two

computers
each device has a 32-bit IP address written as four 8-bit numbers
(0-255)

find out your internet IP address:

whatismyip.com
Routers

IP does not protect against

Data loss
Corruption
Duplication
Sequencing

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

10

Another communication standard implemented on

top of IP
Protections on top of IP
Multiplexing: multiple programs using the same IP
address
Port: a number given to each program or service
port

80: web browser (port 443 for secure browsing)

port 25: email
port 22: ssh
port 21, 22: file transfer and ssh

World Wide Web

Set of documents formatted in HTML
Subset of the overall internet
Built on top of TCP/IP
Pages are connected through links

Domain Name Server (DNS)

12

Set of servers that map written names (host names) to IP

addresses

What if you had to remember that 173.194.43.116 is

www.google.com?

Host name prefix (www) and suffix (top level domain)

.com (commercial)
.edu (educational)
.gov (governmental site)
.fr (france)
.cn (china)
.au (australia)

Several host names can exist within one overall domain

name
DNS servers