خصائص زحف السبيكة الثلاثية PDF

) (28 2012
(Pb-61.9wt%Sn)-2wt%Zn

)(1
)(1
)(2
) (1
) (2
2011/05/15
2011/12/05
7.802 6.554 5.25 433- 363
. ) ( .
) 393 ( .
. Q n
.
.

)(SEM ).(EDX
: (Pb-61.9wt%Sn)-2wt%Zn

.
113
Creep properties of
(Pb-61.9wt%Sn)-2wt%Zn ternary alloy
A. Alnakhlani(1); M. Abdulhafiz(1)
and Kh. Azimah(2)
(1)
Department of Physics-Faculty of Sciences-Damascus University-Syria.

Mechanical design Engineering Department -Faculty of Mechanical
Engineering and Electrical - Damascus University-Syria
(2)
Received 15/05/2011
Accepted 05/12/2011
ABSTRACT
This study examines the creep behavior of (Pb-61.9wt%Sn)-2wt%Zn
ternary alloy. The steady state creep for ternary alloy was investigated under
different applied stresses of 5.25, 6.554 and 7.802 MPa at temperatures ranging
from 363 to 433K. The results of creep characteristics show two deformation
regions (below and above 393 K). The creep strain rate increases and creep
lifetime decreases as the applied stress level and temperature increase. Both the
stress exponent(n) and activation energy (Q) were measured to identify the
controlling mechanism for creep deformation. Grain boundary sliding is the
possible creep mechanism within the given stress level and temperature.
Microstructure examination of the deformed samples below and above the
transition temperatures was performed by scanning electron microscope (SEM)
with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX).
Key words: Creep behavior, (Pb-61.9wt%Sn)-2wt%Znalloy,

Steady state creep, Deformation, Activation
energy, Grain boundary sliding, Microstructure.
114
) (28 2012

.
. - -

. -
.

] .[1
Zn .

.

].[2

0.5 Tm Tm ].[3
:

.

.
.

.

] .[4
] [5
115
.
].[6
] .[7
0.5Tm ] .[8
.
).[9](recovery
) n .(Q
n Q ) .(0.8Tm

. :
] .[510

.

(Pb-61.9wt%Sn)-2wt%Zn .

.

-1 :
(Pb-61.9wt%Sn)-2wt%Zn 99.99%
CaCl2

15cm 1cm 438
50
. 1mm
50mm
443 4 210-2
/ .

].[11
116
) (28 2012
-2
) (

.

.
.
. ) (1
. .
.
(5.25, 6.554, 7.802MPa) :
433K363K 10
] [12 2% .
102mm
1K ) (K
KELVIN THERMO-COMPUTER
) .MOD: TOUCH(K
) (dial gauge
105 .
.
) (SEM
) .(EDX
.

:
) (1 .
) (2 .
) (3 ].[13
117
) (1
-1 :
) (2 (Pb-61.9wt%Sn)-2wt%Zn
. ) (
=-o/ o
) ( .

) (.
) (2

.
d/dt
. .
.
118
) (28 2012
2-3 :
) ( .

) ( :
=An
)(1
A . n
Q T
R ).[14](8.314 J/mol.k

) (A ) (2 ) (n :

. ) (2
.
] .[15 = /t
) (373433 K ) .(2
st ) (3
. n )(3
lnst .ln ) (4a n
) .(3 st
) (4b ).(5.25, 6.554, 7.802 MPa

0.74
0.74 2.12 ) .(4a
) (dislocation creep ].[3
119
363K
373K
383K
393K
403K
413K
423K
433K
= 5.25 MPa
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000
0.0
)Time (Sec
363K
373K
383K
393K
403K
413K
423K
433K
= 6.554 MPa
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0.0
)Time (Sec
363K
373K
383K
393K
403K
413K
423K
433K
= 7.802 MP a
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000
0.0
)Tim e (Sec
) (2
120
) (28 2012
.
.

n 3
].[16
363K
373K
383K
393K
403K
413K
423K
433K
(Pb-61.9wt%Sn)-0.2wt%Zn
-6.4
-6.8
-7.2
-7.6
-8.4
)Ln ( ' st
-8.0
-8.8
-9.2
2.1
2.0
1.8
1.9
1.7
-9.6
1.6
)Ln (
) (3 ln lnst

.

.
0.5Tm .
n 1 n
.[17,18] 2 n ) (4-6
n ).[17] (8-10

n 2
n
.
121
)(a
2.0
1.6
n
1.2
0.8
440
430
420
410
400
380
390
370
360
)T (K
5.2MPa
6.554MPa
7.802MPa
0.0016
)(b
0.0014
0.0012
0.0008
)('st Sec-1
0.0010
0.0006
0.0004
0.0002
0.0000
440
430
420
410
400
390
380
370
360
)T (K
) (a n
)(4
) (b
.(Pb-61.9wt%Sn)-2wt% Zn
122
) (28 2012
-3 :
) (2
ln 1000/T ).(5
43.1 kJ/mol
363 to 393 K 47 kJ/mol 404
.433 K (43.1) kJ/mol
) (393 K Zn
.Pb
) 47 kJ/mol (393 K
.[20] Pb
.[12]PbSnZn
-4 :

) (SEM
) .(EDX ) (6
7.802 MPa 423K, 403K, 373K
.
) B - (Sn -
) (Pb
.

.3.2 0.2 m
) (SEM
) .(EDX SEM ) (6
.
) (EDX ) (SEM . EDX
Zn,Sn,Pb .
123
5.2MPa
6.554MPa
7.802MPa
-8.0
-8.2
-8.4
-8.8
)Ln ('st
-8.6
-9.0
-9.2
-9.4
Q=43.1 kJ/ mole
2.80
2.75
2.70
low Temperature
2.60
2.65
)1000/T (K-1
2.55
5.2MPa
6.554MPa
7.802MPa
-9.6
-6.4
-6.6
-6.8
-7.0
-7.4
-7.6
)Ln ( 'st
-7.2
-7.8
-8.0
Q=47 kJ/ mole
-8.2 High Temperature
2.30 2.32 2.34 2.36 2.38 2.40 2.42 2.44 2.46 2.48 2.50
)1000/T (K-1
) (5
(Pb-61.9wt%Sn)-2wt% Zn
124
) (28 2012
-5 :
) (1
.
.Pb-Sn-Zn
Pb-Sn-Zn
.
) .[20] (10m
.

) ( ] .[12
.

.
) (1 (Pb-61.9wt%Sn)-2wt%Zn

)(m
)Q (kJ mol1
)(%
)(MPa
)(K
3.20.2
43.147
0.47-0.60
180
5.3 7.802
448.2
][2
5-9
4263
0.540.88
70
7.6312.73
456
][2
20
51.562
0.310.58
28
8.3411.46
555
3.05 0.25
4058
0.30.64
140
5.866.25
455
4058
0.340.64
150
4.886.25
447.9
][12
3.05 0.15
125
)(Pb-61.9wt%Sn2wt%Zn
)PbSn (eutectic
Pb10 wt% Sn1.5
wt.% Zn
Pb65 wt% Sn1
wt% Zn
)(Pb-61.9wt%Sn)3.4wt%Zn (eutectic
) (6 EDX SEM (Pb-61.9wt%Sn)-2wt%Zn

7.802 MPa ).403K (b) .373K (a
).423K (c
126
) (28 2012
Pb-61.9wt%Sn)-
(2wt%Zn .
.
:
.1 (Pb-61.9wt%Sn)-2wt%Zn

].[21
.2 Pb-61.9wt%Sn )(2wt%Zn
.
.3 ) (2wt%Zn Pb-61.9wt%Sn
.
.4 (Pb-61.9wt%Sn)-2wt%Zn
)(Pb-61.9wt%Sn
) . (1
.5 n Q .
.6 (Pb-61.9wt%Sn)-2wt%Zn 0.89
2.12
.
.7 .393K47 kJ/mol
.8 47 kJ/mol .
.9 .3.2 0.2 m
127
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129

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) (28 2012

Department of Physics-Faculty of Sciences-Damascus University-Syria.

Key words: Creep behavior, (Pb-61.9wt%Sn)-2wt%Znalloy,

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000

-8.2 High Temperature

) (6 EDX SEM (Pb-61.9wt%Sn)-2wt%Zn

[17]Mahmudi, R., Geranmayeh, A. R., Khanbareh, and Jahangiri, H. N. 2009.

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