Name: _________________________________________ Date: __________ Pd.

: _____
Unit 4: Ecology ~ Study Guide
1.
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What does abiotic mean?

Give three examples of abiotic factors.
What does biotic mean?
Give three examples of biotic factors.
Levels of the environment:
a. ___________ - any organism that can __________ with one another.
b. ___________ - a group of ______________________ species in the same area.
c. ___________ - a group of ______________________ species in the same area.
d. ___________ - all of the ____________ and the __________ factors in the same area.

e. ___________ - _________ geographic locations that cross _________________.

6. What does niche mean?
7. Give an example of an organism and its niche.
8. Symbiosis any ________________ between two different _____________.
a. _______________ - both organisms ______________.
b. _______________ - one organism benefits the other is _________________.
c. _______________ - one organism benefits the other is _________________.
9. Which biome is found at the same latitudes as deciduous forests, but receives less
precipitation but still have plant life?
10.
Which biome is characterized by low temperatures and low amounts of
rainfall?
11.
Which biome has the largest number of species of plants and animals?
12.
What is permafrost? What biome is it typically found at?
13.
What types of trees are found in the temperate deciduous forests?
14.
What types of trees are found in the taiga?
15.
What locations can the taiga be found in?
16.
What does estuary mean?
17.
Where would you expect to see most of the seaweeds and algae that is
found in the ocean (what part of the ocean)?
18.
Which biome is the largest land biome?
19.
Which biome is found along the equator?
20.
As you move away from the equator what happens to the temperature?
21.
What is the suns role in the forest ecosystem?
22.
What does competition mean?
23.
What is a resource organisms may compete for? Explain.
24.
What does cooperation mean?
25.
What is a resource organisms may cooperate for? Explain.
26.
Define producer.
27.
Define consumer.
28.
What do carnivores eat?
29.
What do herbivores eat? There are three words you could use for this
answer, give all three!

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What
What
What
What

do omnivores eat?
does a food web show?
do the arrows in a food chain or food web represent?
happens to energy as you move upward level to level in a food chain,

food web, or an energy pyramid?

34.
What is the main source of energy for all food chains, food webs, and energy
pyramids?
35.
Does a sun have to pictured in the food chain, food web, or energy pyramid
in order for the sun to be the answer? Why?
36.
What are three things that plants use in order to make food?
37.
What is the process that plants go through in order to make their food?
38.
What do plants give off during this process
39.
Predators do not eat plants; however plants are very important to them.
Why?
40.
After a decomposer has done its job, were does all of the minerals and
nutrients go?
41.
Is parasitism and competition the same thing? Why or why not?
42.
Animals get their energy indirectly from the sun. How is this possible?