iQ;% msgld.; ffck uydrhkaf.

a p;h ms<sn|
wOHhkhla
S . Vijitha kumara
(B.A (Sp.1st ), M.A (Kelaniya),M.A(BPU),Royal Pundit (O.S.S)
Scientific Research Assistant,
Post Graduate Institute of Pali and Buddhist Studies,
University of Kelaniya

l%s'mQ' 6 jk Y;jIh hkq Ndr;fha wd.l idudchsl" wdl yd foaYmd,ksl

jYfhka Okdj;s; iuhla Ks'1 idm%odhsl n%dyauK iudc ixOdkhg o wd.l
mSvkhg o m%;sreoaO j ke.S is ffjl,ams; wd.l ixOdkh Y%uK kka
ykajkq ,nhs' Y%uK msia wdjl" wf,l" if,l" mn%dcl" ks.KaG jYfhka j.
flf' ta w;f ks.KaG Ydikh iuld,Sk ckiudcfhys m%uqL ms<s.ekSula ,nd.;a;la
h' ta nj iQ;% msglfha tk zidOqiu;Z hk jHjydrfhka meye,s f' 2 ffck uydr"
ks.KaGkd:mq;a;" jOudk jYfhka k lsysmhla Nd; jqj o md,s idys;Hfha
mefkkafka ks.KaGkd:mq;a; hk Nd;hhs' ffck wd.l b;sydifhys 24 jk ;S:xlr
kdhlhd jYfhka kd:mq;a; k f' 3 Tyqg mQjfhka mdYaj kue;s Ydia;Djrhd
kdhlhd jQ w;r t;=ukaf.a wkq.dlhka o ks.KaGkd:mq;a; iufhys u j;a jQy' Tjqka
w;r h h odYksl u;fNaohka meje;s njla o olakg ;sf' bka tla wfhls" f.da;ul' Tyq
mdYajf.a wkq.dlfhla jQ w;r kd:mq;a;f.a we;e b.eka m%;slafIam lf<ah' 4
Tyq ms<sn| iQ;% msglfha tla wjia:djl muKla i|ykla f' wx.=;a;r ksldfha m[apl
ksmd;fhka m%ldY flfrk m f.da;ul ks.KaGhskag fjkia jQfjla jYfhka olajd ;sf' 5
flfia kuq;a ks.KaGkd:mq;a; iuld,Sk ffckuydr nj ;a Tyq yd weiqre l< p;
ms<sn| wOHhkfhka m%lg f'
ks.KaG hkak fYaIKhla jQ w;r kduh kd:mq;a; Ks' kd:mq;a; wcdi;a; rdc
hq.fha o j;a jQ Ydia;Djrfhls'6 ta jk g t;=uka jDoaO;ajhg m;a j ishy'7 wfkl=;a
Y%uK msia ms<sn| yekaf fia u kd:mq;a; ms<sn| f;dr;=re bm;a lsf
md<s iQ;% idys;Hh zix>S" fj" .KS" p .KdpfhdaZ8 hk fYaIK Nd;d lrhs' we;e
wjia:djl zuy;shd .sys midys ioaxZ9 hkak o i|yka f' idu[a[M, iQ;%hg wkqj Tyq

lS;s Orfhls' weu;s ue;s jrekaf.a o .Dym;shkaf.a o isgqjrekaf.a o rcjrekaf.a o

muKla fkdj fohkaf.a o m%idohg m;aj isfhah' 10 Bg fya;=j jkakg we;af;a Tyq
iudc ysff;IS b.eka bm;a lsu ksid ;a" > ld,Sk j ;mia wdrlaId l< ksid ;a
Yd, Y%djl msia Tyq jgd ish ksid ;a h yelsh' Tyqf.a wkq.dlhskaf.a ndyq,Hh
we;e md<s uQ,dY%hj, tk fn!oaO m%;sfrdaOh ;=<ska u ikd: fjhs' iudcfha je
fokd nqoaO mq;%hskag fpdaokd uqLfhka fodaIdfrdamKh lrhs' Wdhka;s"
hka;s" mdfpka;s hkafkka tu ;;a;ajhka oHudk f'11
kd:mq;a; in[a; f' ish,a, olakd iq h' Tyqf.a mmQrK jQ {dk Yla;sh ;a
in[a; Ndjh ;a Tyqf.a Y%djlhkaf.a uqfjka m%ldY jk f,ig md<s iQ;% idys;Hfha
ths'12 in[a" inoiaid" wmfiaix" {dk oiaikx" mcdkd;s tu ij{;d {dkh .ufka
o isf o ksf o ksjef o mej;s nj m%ldY f' kuq;a tu ;;a;ajhka ms<sn|
Tyqf.a jk f;dr;=re u.ska u frda ;l u;=f' Tyq ish,a, olakd iq jQfha k
Wmd,s" wNhrdc" .dKS fn!oaOhka njg m;ajk nj kqgqf wehs@ >;miais
kue;s Tyqf.a Y%djlhd j<lajk f,i mjioa o Wmd,s .Dym;s nqka imhg hefuka 13
Tyqf.a ij{;d {dkfha wmmQK;ajh muKla fkdj jHjydl {dkfha yd mmd,kfha
wroYS Ndjh o m%ldY f' Wmd,s ienka u fn!oaOhl= jQfha o hkak
>;miais ,jd k.ekSug Tyqj ksjig hefuka jdpH jkafka o wiydh ij{;d {dkfha
mej;s j,;djhhs'14
Tyqf.a uQ,sl u b.ekau p;=hdu ixjrh ms<sn| b.ekauhs' ^fc.= ksmflda
NslaLq pd;=hdu iqixjqf;d& 15 luh weiqre l< lshjdhl= fia ;ukq ;a ;ukaf.a Y
%djlhkq ;a kd:mq;a; iska u ykajd.kakd wjia:djla wx.=;a;r ksldfha wGl
ksmd;fhka m%ldY f' ^lsx mk lshjdfoda wlshjdox iuKx f.da;ux oiaikdhx
Wmixliai;s&16 fjk;a odYksl ixl,am woH;k ffck b.eka ;=< wka;.; j mej;sh o
md<s idys;Hfhka tjeks odYksl jkdlulska hqla; b.ekaula m%lg fkd fjhs'
kuq;a fldfid,a rcq Tyqf.ka wkq;a;r jQ nqoaO;ajfhka mmQK jQfhahs uik g
Tyqf.a ms<s;=r jQfha ksy~ Ndjhhs'17 th ks.KaGkd:mq;a;f.a Y%djlhka iska
ij{ hehs lrk yekaug mgyeks jQ ;j;a tla wjia:djls'
ks.KaGkd:mq;a; Y%djl mmd,kfhys o j,;d lajQ njla m%lg jqj o we;e
wjia:dj, ish Y%djlhka w;sYhska jKkd lrka Tjqkaj nqrcdKka jykafia iu.

jdohg iQodk lrkq olakg ,ef' 18 we;e wjia:dj, Y%djlhdf.a u;hg fyda woyig
weyqlka fkd ka wkuHYS,S kdhl;aj ,laIK o m%;Shudk lrhs' Y%djlhka
W;af;ackh fldg Tjqkag nqrka iu. l< hq;= ;l ksudKh lr fohs' tfia ;l
ms<sn| wjfndaOh ,enQfjda jYfhka wNhrdc l=udrhd o" .dKS mjrhd o ye
kah yelsh'19 tu ;l ;=< h;a ,laIK olakg we;' ;lfha iajNdjh o Bg ;a jvd tjeks
wjia:dj, Tyq fhdod.;a Wmudjka ;=< o tu YsIag yelshdjl iajNdjh fmkakq lrhs'
bka jdpH jkafka Tyqf.a iudc [a[dKhhs' ;l ksudKh lrka h ld,hla f.k iQlaIau
woyia yd u;jdo ksudKh l< ;a mNdkfhka hqla; j ;l lsug wiu;a wfhla fia
kd:mq;a; ykd.; yelsh' ;a; ixhqla;fha tk ;a; .Dym;shd iu. lrk ixjdoh Bg
WodyrKhls' tys ks.KaGkd:mq;a; ;a; .Dym;shdg mrdch fjhs' Tyq mNdk
{dkfhka ;l l< fkd yels whl= nj tu ixjdofhka m%ldY f' 20 tfia u jDoaOh m
%isoaOh hk woyia we;sj kd:mq;a; yuq .egjla bm;a l< iNshg o Tyqf.a
.egjg o ms<s;=re ,ndug kd: wiu;a jQ nj iNsh iQ;%fhka jrKh fjhs'21
ks.KaGkd:mq;a; hkq idudkH ixl,am lsysmhla ms<sn| wjfndaOhla mej;s
Ydia;Djrfhla nj by; lreKq fia u Tyqf.a phdOuhkaf.ka o m%lg f' Wmd,s
.Dym;s fn!oaOhl= jQ nj k.;a fudfydf;a tys .sh ks.KaGkd;mq;a; Nd; l< NdIdj
b;du wYsIag jQjls' wd.l Ydia;Djrhl=g ;a W; fkd jQjls' 22 tfia NdId jHjydr
lrkqfha OudjfndaOh ,ndug fyda YslaIKhg m;alsu i|yd fkdj ish isf;ys
mekke.=Kq oafIh ;a" flaka;sh ;a" l ;a ndysr m%ldY ls jYfhks' kdhlhl=
jYfhka o wkH u; bjiSula fyda hula wysula fyda ord.ekSf yelshdjla fyj;a
wgf,da oyug uqyqK ug Tyqg yelshdjla fkd Ks' Wmd,s .Dym;shd iska
nqrkaf.a .=K .hk g th ord.; fkd yels j kd:mq;a;f.a uqka WKq f,a msgjQ nj
md,s iQ;% idys;Hfhka m%ldY f' ^w: fLd ks>KaGiai N.jf;d ilaldrx wiyudkiai
;;af:j WKayx f,days;x uqLf;d W.a.x[a&23 Tyqf.a urKdikak wjia:dj ms<sn|
ksYa; ks.ukhla fkd fj;;a we;efula WKq f,a jukh hdfuka u Tyq hefKa hehs
Yajdi lr;s' ;j whl=f.a Yajdih jkafka nqrcdKka jykafiaf.a huduy m%d;sydhh
lSfuka ,cdjg ;a lg ;a m;ajQ Tyq <s|lg mek ish kid.;a njhs' flfia jqj ;a Tyq
hefKa mdjd kqjr h' ^ks>KafGd kd:mq;af;d mdjdhx wOqkd ld,lf;d fyd;s& 24
kd:mq;a;f.a urKh Tyqf.a Ydikfha o tald;al Ndjh | oukakg iu;a h' ^;iai ld,

lshdh Nskakd ks>KaGd oaflcd;d NKavkcd;d l,ycd;d jdodmkakd w[a[u[a[x

uqL i;af:ys ;=oka;d yrka;s&25 hkafkka th idOkh fjhs'
by; idOl wkqj ks.ukh l< yelafla ks.KaGkd:mq;a; iuld,Sk n%dyauK iudchg
m%;sreoaO u fya;=fjka .Dym;shkaf.a o idudkH ckhdf.a o je wjOdkhg ,lajQ
nj ;a Tyqf.a wd.l wka;jd m%;sm;a;s ksid fndfyda fokdf.a m%idoh ysjQ nj ;a
i .eUqre mK; {dk iNdrhla fyda oYkhla Tyq i;= j fkd jQ nj ;a kdhlhl= jYfhka
fyda Ydia;Djrhl= jYfhka mej;sh hq;= .=Kdx.j;a Tyqf.a p;h ;=< fkd ;snqKq
nj ;a h' th ffck iQ;%j,g jvd md<s iQ;% idys;Hfhys i|yka jk O;ajh fya;=fjka
flfrk ks.ukhla fkdj iuia; idOl i,ld ne,Sfuka neish yels ks.ukhls' j;udkh f;la
Tjqkaf.a odYksl u;jdo .eUqrg ilia jkakg we;af;a miqld,Sk ixl,am jYfhka h
hq;=h' ta i kd:mq;a; iuld,Sk wd.l kdhlhska w;r fYaI jQjd kd w.h l< yels
YsIag .=Khkaf.ka hqla; p;hla f,i ykajd u wmyiq h'

wdka;sl igyka
1'

iuh wOHhkh" ;kkao ys" foysmdf.dv" m[a[dr;k ys" uy;j" ^ixia& 38 msg'

2'

'ks' I" 84 msg'

3'

JainPhilosophy,N.N.BHATTACHARYA,61p.

4'

Jainism,JacobiHerman,103p.

5'

wx'ks' III" 464 msg'

6'

'ks' I" 84 msg'

7'

tu'

8'

tu'

9'

u'ks' I" 62'

10' i'ks' I" 126 msg'

11' uydj.a. md<s I" 348 msg'
12' w'ks' I" 390 msg'

13' u'ks' II" 64 msg'

14' u'ks' II" 76 msg'
15' i'ks' I" 126 msg'
16' wx'ks'III" 54 msg'
17' i'ks' II" 130 msg'
18' u'ks' II" 92 msg'
19' i'ks' IV" 574 msg'
20' i'ks' IV" 548 msg'
21' iq'ks' 154 msg'
22' u'ks' II" 76 msg'
23' u'ks' II" 82 msg'
24' u'ks' III" 52 msg'
25' tu'