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COIMBATORE
PROJECT REPORT-2008-2009
CHAPTER NO TITLE
SYNOPSIS
LIST OF FIGURES
NOMENCLATURE
1 Introduction
2 Literature review
3 Description of equipments
3.1 Pneumatic control components
3.2 Valves
3.3 cutting Head
3.4 Hoses
3.5 Control unit
3.6 Pressure Gauge
4 Design and drawing
4.1 Pneumatic components and Specification
4.2 General machine Specifications
4.3 Design calculation
5 fabrication
6 Working principle
7 Merits and demerits
8 applications
9 List of materials
10 Cost Estimation
11 Conclusion
Bibliography
photography
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure
Number Title
1 Piston Rod
2 piston
3 pneumatic cylinder
4 Flange I
5 Flange II
7 Bearing I
8 Bearing II
9 Stand
10 Base
11 Barrel
12 T-Tubes and Reducer
13 Overall Diagram
NOMENCLATURE
NOMENCLATURE
A =Area of cylinder(m2 )
H=Height (m)
L=Length(m)
P=Pressure (N/m2)
V=Volume (m3)
SYNOSPSIS
SYNOPSIS:
CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER – 1
INTRODUCTION:
only the industry runs profitably. There are a number of units having
CHAPTER-2
LITERATURE SURVAY
CHAPTER-II
LITERATURE SURVEY
PNEUMATICS
The word ‘pneuma’comes from greek and means breather
wind. The word pneumatics is the study of air movement and its
and equipment.
carrying out the simplest mechanical tasks in more recent times has
being adopted for the first time, however it wills indeed the necessary
that takes in air, gas at a certain pressure and delivered the air at a
high pressure.
Compressor capacity is the actual quantity of air compressed
and delivered and the volume expressed is that of that of the air at
ambient temperature.
Boyle in 1962 and that found that the product of pressure and
Any gas can be used in pneumatic system but air is the mostly used
SELECTION OF PNEUMATICS:
PNEUMATIC POWER:
compressibility of air.
The key part of any facility for supply of compressed air is by means
takes in air, gas at a certain pressure and delivered the air at a high
compressed and delivered and the volume expressed is that of the air
ambient temperature.
Clean condition of the suction air is one of the factors, which decides
the life of a compressor. Warm and moist suction air will result
2. Turbo compressor
RECIPROCATING COMPRESSORS:
stages. Single stage and 1200 stage models are particularly suitable
For applications, with preference going to the two stage design as
ULTIMATE AIM
machining time.
CHAPTER-3
DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT
CHAPTER-III
DESCRIPTION OFEQUIPMENT
of the atmosphere.
required to retard heavy messes. This can only be done at the end
damping feature.
before the end of the stroke is required. As a result the sit in the
enters the cylinder and the piston strokes in the other direction at full
3.2 VALVES
SOLENOID VALVE
This valve was selected for speedy operation and to reduce the
manual effort and also for the modification of the machine into
into straight line motion and force. These are also used to operate a
energized.
1. Coil
The solenoid coil is made of copper wire. The layers of wire are
2. Frame
The solenoid frame serves several purposes. Since it is made
move. The frame has provisions for attaching the mounting. They are
usually bolted or welded to the frame. The frame has provisions for
receivers, the plunger. The wear strips are mounted to the solenoid
Fiber cloth.
3. Solenoid plunger
the solenoid or the entire valve. This protects the solenoid from dirt
5/2Valve.the spool of the 5/2 valve slide inside the main bore
disconnected.
Position-1
When the spool is actuated towards outer direction port ‘P’ gets
Connected to ‘B’ and ‘S’ remains closed while ‘A’gets connected to
‘R’.
Position-2
When the spool is pushed in the inner direction port ‘P’ and ‘A’
Gets connected to each other and ‘B’ to ‘S’ while port ‘R’remains
closed.
The control valve is used to control the flow direction is called cut off
of vice cylinder. It is used to flow the air from compressor to the single
acting cylinder.
reduced.
3.3.1 BARREL:
of 100mm and inner diameter of 36mm.it has two outlet holes on its
top and two inlet holes drilled at angles for placing nozzles. It has
3.3.2. SHAFT:
The fan is fitted on the shaft through flanges. The fan is fixed to
flanges and the flanges are fixed to the shaft through drilled holes.
3.3.3 COUPLINGS:
The couplings are made out of mild steel. The coupling covers
the slides of barrel. The couplings have internal threads with help of
3.3.4 FLANGES:
having a flange at its one of the ends. It also has a centre drill of
the holes drilled in the two flanges coincide each other. The fan is
3.3.5 Vane:
which are fitted to the shaft through nuts and bolts. Air is forced on
the fan and it is rotated and the rotation is transmitted to the shaft.
3.4.6 Hoses:
Hoses used in this pneumatic system are made up of
level of 10N/m2 .
3.4.1. Connectors:
In our system there are two type of connectors used. One is the
normally comprise an adopt hose nipple and cap nut. These types of
pneumatic steel.
is the source of energy for this device. The compressed air is allowed
interconnect the parts. The clamps are used at the connecting parts
Here the compressed air form the compressor firstly enters the
Control unit. In the control unit the pressure of the air is controlled unit
the pressure of the air is controlled and sent to the barrel to rotate the
fan in any one direction. The gate valve controls the pressure volume
of air.
admitted to the barrel, a shaft is placed and if carries the fan. The
CHAPTER-IV
2. Solenoid vale
4. Connectors
5. Hoses
Technical Data
Quantity : 1
Piston : EN-8
Media : Air
Temperature: 0-80°C
2. Solenoid Valve
Technical data
Size : 0.635x10-2m
Quantity: 1
Technical data
Media : Air
Quantity: 1
4. Connectors
Technical data
Material :Brass
5.Hoses
Technical data
Pneumatic unit
: 8.03cm2
: 8.03 X 10-4m2
Of cylinder.
DRAWING
Chapter-5
FABRICATION
CHAPTER-V
FABRICATION
METHOD OF FABRICATION:
The stand (or) base is to carry the whole machine. The rod is
on the rod by using clamp also the other cylinder fixed in stand (or) base
by means of bolt and nuts. The lugs are connected with the piston rod of
pneumatic cylinder.
Before that the air goes through drill head through tubes. Barrel unit is
fixed to the rod. The above barrel unit nozzle arrangements are attached.
Chapter -6
CHAPTER -7
MERITS AND DEMERITS
CHAPTER-VII
APPLICATIONS
CHAPTER-VIII
APPLICATIONS
1. In automobile workshops
2. In small Scale industries
3. In such places where frequent changes in operations are
required
4. In welding shops for grinding
5. For performance operations in huge parts which can not be
done in ordinary machines, since it is portable.
CHAPTER-9
LIST OF MATERIALS
CHAPTER-IX
LIST OF MATERIALS
a. Physical
b. Mechanical
d. Chemical
properties.
of view are,
• Cast ability
• Weld ability
• Bribability
• Forge ability
• Merchantability
• Surface properties
• Shrinkage
3. Quality Required:
4.Avilability of Material:
becomes obligatory for the designer to use some other material which
kept in mind.
5. Space consideration:
proper materials.
S.No DESCIRPTION QTY Material
1 pneumatic cylinder 1 aluminum
2 Solenoid Valve 1 aluminum
3 Flow control valve 1 aluminum
4 Tapping head 1 C.I
5 Control unit 1 Electronic
6 Frame stand 1 M.S
Chapter-10
COST ESTIMATION
Chapter-x
COST ESTIMATION
1. MATERIAL COST.
(Rs)
1 pneumatic cylinder 1 aluminum
2 Solenoid Valve 1 aluminum
3 Flow control valve 1 aluminum
4 Tapping head 1 C.I
5 Control unit 1 Electronic
6 Frame stand 1 M.S
2. LABOUR COST:
=Rs
3. OVERGHEAD CHARGES:
4.TOTAL COST:
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER-XI
CONCLUSION
in a single machine.
BIBLIGRAPHY
Bangalore.