ElectricalEngineeringinterviewquestionsandanswers

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1.Whystardeltastarterispreferredwithinductionmotor?
2.Statethedifferencebetweengeneratorandalternator
3.WhyACsystemsarepreferredoverDCsystems?
4.Howcanyourelatepowerengineeringwithelectricalengineering?
5.Whatarethevariouskindofcablesusedfortransmission?
6.Whybackemfusedforadcmotor?highlightitssignificance.
7.Whatisslipinaninductionmotor?
8.Explaintheapplicationofstoragebatteries.

Whystardeltastarterispreferredwithinductionmotor?
Stardeltastarterispreferredwithinductionmotorduetofollowingreasons:
Startingcurrentisreduced34timesofthedirectcurrentduetowhichvoltagedropsandhenceitcauseslesslosses.
Stardeltastartercircuitcomesincircuitfirstduringstartingofmotor,whichreducesvoltage3times,thatiswhycurrentalsoreducesupto3timesandhencelessmotorburning
iscaused.
Inaddition,startingtorqueisincreasedanditpreventsthedamageofmotorwinding.

Statethedifferencebetweengeneratorandalternator
Generatorandalternatoraretwodevices,whichconvertsmechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergy.Bothhavethesameprincipleofelectromagneticinduction,theonlydifference
isthattheirconstruction.Generatorpersistsstationarymagneticfieldandrotatingconductorwhichrollsonthearmaturewithslipringsandbrushesridingagainsteachother,
henceitconvertstheinducedemfintodccurrentforexternalloadwhereasanalternatorhasastationaryarmatureandrotatingmagneticfieldforhighvoltagesbutforlowvoltage
outputrotatingarmatureandstationarymagneticfieldisused.

WhyACsystemsarepreferredoverDCsystems?
Duetofollowingreasons,ACsystemsarepreferredoverDCsystems:
a.ItiseasytomaintainandchangethevoltageofACelectricityfortransmissionanddistribution.
b.PlantcostforACtransmission(circuitbreakers,transformersetc)ismuchlowerthantheequivalentDCtransmission
c.Frompowerstations,ACisproducedsoitisbettertouseACthenDCinsteadofconvertingit.
d.Whenalargefaultoccursinanetwork,itiseasiertointerruptinanACsystem,asthesinewavecurrentwillnaturallytendtozeroatsomepointmakingthecurrenteasierto
interrupt.

Howcanyourelatepowerengineeringwithelectricalengineering?
Powerengineeringisasubdivisionofelectricalengineering.Itdealswithgeneration,transmissionanddistributionofenergyinelectricalform.Designofallpowerequipments
alsocomesunderpowerengineering.Powerengineersmayworkonthedesignandmaintenanceofthepowergridi.e.calledongridsystemsandtheymightworkonoffgrid
systemsthatarenotconnectedtothesystem.

Whatarethevariouskindofcablesusedfortransmission?
Cables,whichareusedfortransmittingpower,canbecategorizedinthreeforms:
Lowtensioncables,whichcantransmitvoltageupto1000volts.
Hightensioncablescantransmitvoltageupto23000volts.
Supertensioncablescantransmitvoltage66kVto132kV.

Whybackemfusedforadcmotor?highlightitssignificance.
Theinducedemfdevelopedwhentherotatingconductorsofthearmaturebetweenthepolesofmagnet,inaDCmotor,cutthemagneticflux,opposesthecurrentflowingthrough
theconductor,whenthearmaturerotates,iscalledbackemf.Itsvaluedependsuponthespeedofrotationofthearmatureconductors.Instarting,thevalueofbackemfiszero.

Whatisslipinaninductionmotor?
Slipcanbedefinedasthedifferencebetweenthefluxspeed(Ns)andtherotorspeed(N).Speedoftherotorofaninductionmotorisalwayslessthanitssynchronousspeed.Itis
usuallyexpressedasapercentageofsynchronousspeed(Ns)andrepresentedbythesymbolS.

Explaintheapplicationofstoragebatteries.
Storagebatteriesareusedforvariouspurposes,someoftheapplicationsarementionedbelow:
Fortheoperationofprotectivedevicesandforemergencylightingatgeneratingstationsandsubstations.
Forstarting,ignitionandlightingofautomobiles,aircraftsetc.
Forlightingonsteamanddieselrailwaystrains.
Asasupplypowersourceintelephoneexchange,laboratoriesandbroadcastingstations.
Foremergencylightingathospitals,banks,ruralareaswhereelectricitysuppliesarenotpossible.