HIV/AIDSandSTIs

1.Gotothefollowingwebsitestoanswerthefollowingquestions:
http://www.hcsc.gc.ca/hcps/dcma/aidssidaeng.php
http://www.hcsc.gc.ca/hcps/dcma/stiitseng.php

WhatdoesHIVandAIDSstandfor?TheHumanImmunodeficiency
Virus(HIV)isthevirusthatcausesAcquiredImmunodeficiency
Syndrome(AIDS)
Whathappenswhenyougetthesediseases?HIVattackstheimmune
system,resultinginachronic,progressiveillnessthatleavesinfected
peoplevulnerabletoopportunisticinfectionsandcancers.Themedian
timefrominfectiontoAIDSdiagnosisnowexceeds10years
HowisHIVtransmitted? engaginginunprotectedsexualintercourse
(analorvaginal)
sharingsextoys
sharingneedlesorequipmentforinjectingdrugsorsteroids
mothertochildtransmissionduringpregnancy,delivery,andbreast
feeding
WhyisHIVsodifficulttotreatordeveloppreventionsfor?Nocure
Whichgroupsofpeoplearemostatrisktoday?Uneducatedteens
GotooneofthereportsonAIDS.Describetwothingsinthereportthat
youdidnotknowbeforeaboutAIDS.
ThereisnocureandAIDsisthelaststageofHIVinfection
4.GototheSTIswebsiteanddescribethesymptomsofeachofthe
following:

i)Chlamydiavaginal discharge

burning sensation when urinating

pain in the lower abdomen, sometimes with fever and chills

pain during sex

vaginal bleeding between periods or after intercourse

ii)Gonorrheaa burning sensation when urinating

vaginal discharge

pain in the lower abdomen

pain during sex

vaginal bleeding between periods or after sex

iii)Herpes(Genital) sores inside or near the vagina, the cervix, on the

external genitals, near the anus, or on the thighs or buttocks

tender lumps in the groin (lymphadenopathy)

iv)HumanPapillomavirus(HPV) The abnormal cells become normal

again and the infection is inactive or cleared from your body by your immune
system. However, it is possible that an inactive infection can become active
again, for reasons that aren't clearly understood.

The abnormal cells slowly progress to cervical cancer.

v)Syphilispatchy hair loss

a rash on the soles of the feet, the palms of the hands, or elsewhere on the body

fever

malaise

swollen glands

flat grayish-white sores in mouth and on genitals

5.Howareeachoftheabovetreatedorcured?
i)Chlamydiathe disease can often be treated with antibiotics. Azithromycin is an
antibiotic usually prescribed in a single dose, while doxycycline must be taken twice per
day for about one week.
ii)Gonorrheayour doctor will give you either an oral or injectable antibiotic. Your
partner should also be treated at the same time to prevent reinfection and further
spread of the disease

iii)Herpes(Genital)nocure/treatment
iv)HumanPapillomavirus(HPV)nocure/treatment

v)SyphilisPrimary and secondary syphilis are easy to treat with a penicillin

injection. Penicillin is one of the most widely used antibiotics. It is usually effective in
treating syphilis. People that are allergic to penicillin will be treated with a different
oral antibiotic, such as tetracycline.

6.Whataretheconsequencesofeachofthesediseases?
i)ChlamydiaIf you have anal intercourse with someone who has chlamydia, it can

cause rectal pain, discharge, or bleeding. If left untreated in women, the infection can
cause Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID), which can lead to long term pain,
infertility, or even death.
ii)GonorrheaIn women, gonorrhea is a common cause of Pelvic
Inflammatory Disease (PID). ...

Gonorrhea can also cause arthritis.

In men, gonorrhea can cause epididymitis, a painful condition of the

testicles that can lead to infertility if left untreated.

Gonorrhea can spread to the blood or joints.

iii)Herpes(Genital) Long-Term Effects. Genital herpes can cause recurrent painful

genital sores in many adults, and herpes infection can be severe in people with
suppressed immune systems. Regardless of the severity of symptoms, genital herpes
frequently causes psychological distress in people who know they are infected.

iv)HumanPapillomavirus(HPV) The types of HPV that cause genital warts do not

cause cancer. Genital warts (also called Condylomata) may be flat or look like a small
cauliflower. They can appear on the vulva, cervix, penis, scrotum, rectum, or thigh area.

v)SyphilisIf l

If left untreated, syphilis can eventually cause damage to the brain, nerves, eyes, heart, blood vessels, liver, bones,
and joints. In extreme cases it can cause difficulty coordinating muscle movements, paralysis, numbness, gradual
blindness, mental illness, and even death. If you have syphilis and are pregnant, it can cause serious birth defects
and stillbirth.

7.FindaRELIABLEsourcetodescribethedifferenttypesofhepatitis:
i)HepA
ii)HepB
iii)HepC
8.Whatarethesymptomsofhepatitis?

i)HepAJaundice (condition causing yellow eyes and skin, dark urine)

Abdominal pain

Loss of appetite

Nausea

Fever

Diarrhea

Fatigue

ii)HepBExtreme tiredness (fatigue).

Mild fever.

Headache.

Loss of appetite, nausea, and vomiting.

Constant discomfort on the right side of the belly under the rib cage. (That's
where the liver is located.)

Diarrhea or constipation.

Muscle aches or joint pain.

Skin rash.

Jaundice. This means that the skin and whites of the eyes look yellow.
Jaundice is a major sign of liver damage. It usually appears after other
symptoms have started to go away.

iii)HepCFatigue.

Joint pain.

Belly pain.

Itchy skin.

Sore muscles.

Dark urine.

Jaundice, a condition in which the skin and the whites of the eyes look
yellow.

9.Describethetreatmentsorcures?
i)HepAThere are no treatments that will cure hepatitis A. Your health care provider may
monitor your liver function tests to be sure your body is healing appropriately.

ii)HepBTreatment of hepatitis B infection depends on how active the virus is and

whether you are at risk for liver damage such as cirrhosis.

iii)HepCHepatitis C treatments have changed a lot in recent years. The latest is a oncedaily pill called Harvoni that cures the disease in most people in 8-12 weeks. It combines two
drugs: Sovaldi (sofosbuvir) and ledipasvir. In clinical trials, the most common side effects
were fatigue and headache.