Shahrzad.

Javanmari
Transmission Dynamics and Control of Ebola Virus Disease.
Intraduction
Transmission rates for each single case of Ebola consistently showed at least
one new case of the disease being transmitted. Country-specific analysis of
transmission rates in Liberia and Sierra Leone showed on average between one two
new for every existing case, research has shown.
The reproduction numbers of Ebola cases shows continues growth from June
to august 2014 that signaled a major epidemic, Nishiura said. Uncontrolled crossborder transmission could fuel a major epidemic to take off in new geographical
areas as well areas as was seen in Liberia.
Ebola virus is spared in a number of ways. An outbreaks starts when an infected
animal or insect, called a vector, transmits the virus to a human. Scientists know
that monkeys are both a vector and victim of Ebola, but other are unknown. The
natural reservoir for the virus, or organism that is immune to it and carries it is also
unknown.
The current epidemic is the largest and first regional outbreak of Ebola in
Africa the outbreak was not recognized until March of 2014 after starting around
December of 2013, which facilitate the spread to Sierra Leone, Liberia and Nigeria.
The world health organization declared the epidemic a public health emergency of
international concern in august.
Finally, characterizing the distribution of secondary cases from a single case
can help healthcare workers and officials understand Ebola transmission dynamics

over time in affected countries and gauge the effect of intervention to control
spread of the disease.
Researchers analyzed case counts by the world health organization of agust.26,
2014.two groups of data were used, confirmed and probable cases, and the total
number of reports cases.
Ebola is spread from human to human by contact with infected blood,
infected body fluid, or through sexual contact. Even after a person recovers
completely from Ebola it may stay in the semen for up to seven weeks. Also
scientists did this research because they has found, at molecular level, what makes
the Ebola virus so deadly. The virus uses a combination of genes to prevent the
cells they infect from triggering the immune system, a team of biologists of the
university of Texas medical branch and the U.S. National institute of allergy and
infection diseases found people who die from Ebola generally dont seem to have
had an immune response to the virus at the time of their deaths.
Scientists now believe that monkeys are not the original host because they
seem to just as susceptible to the disease as humans. Scientists are hoping that
they will make some substantial discoveries with this outbreak.
Scientists do know that Ebola is a strand of seven proteins that belongs to a family
of viruses called filo virus. The virus consists of a shell of proteins surrounding
genetic material. The virus attaches itself to a host cell, and changes the chemicals
makeup to fit its own so that it can reproduce. Ebola is a hemorrhagic virus that has
a short incubation period of about two days to two weeks. It causes high fever,
chills, internal and external bleeding, vomiting, the eyes turn red and the skin

becomes blotchy and bruises appear. The surface veins and arteries erode. Organs
liquefy and blood flows from every opening in the body including the eyes and ears.
Even though Ebola is a very mysterious and feared disease, it is in the
process of becoming more understood. It can destroy an entire city in a matter of
weeks, and could wipe out an entire nation if it ever became airborne, but it is a
very difficult disease to contract so the united states is probably safe from any near
future epidemics .Could have serious problems if there is an outbreak due to
unsanitary living and medical conditions. The hospitals and medical personnel reuse
needles that have been infected and they dont use latex or any other kind of
gloves which can be a cause of widespread sickness. Everyone hopes that diseases
like Ebola will not get out of control before a cure can be found. Such hopes seem
unreasonable due to the facilities available in some areas of the world.