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timeline
BY: AUSTIN GABER
The first Politburo was created in Russia by the Bolshevik Party Central
Committee in late October 1917 to provide flexible leadership in that years
uprising. The seven Politburo members included Vladimir Lenin, Leon Trotsky,
and Joseph Stalin. This event helped the Soviet Union because its formal role
would be to decide on questions too urgent to await Central Committee
deliberation and this remained until the fall of the U.S.S.R. Also, this group
would elect new leaders to the U.S.S.R when old ones died.
Stalins five year plan started in 1928 and the main goal of It was to concentrate on the
development of iron and steel, machine-tools, electric power and transport. Joseph Stalin set
the workers high targets. He demanded an increase in coal production, increase in iron
production and a ncrease in electric power. He justified these demands by claiming that if
rapid industrialization did not take place, the Soviet Union would not be able to defend itself
against an invasion from capitalist countries in the west. He also made farmers give up their
land and cattle and make a collective farm that everyone would use. This destroyed the
class known as the kulaks. Although this plan was harsh, it did overall help the soviet union
because production of a lot of things improved greatly but it was bad in the sense that wages
and living standards were low.
World War 2
The second world war that started in 1939 and lasted until
September 2nd 1945. It involved the majority of the world's
nations including all of the great powers at the time. Fought
between the Allies and the Axis. The axis which was mainly
Germany, Japan and Italy and Germany/the Nazis wanted total
control of Europe while the Allies, America, England, France and
the U.S.S.R meant to stop them. In the end, This bloody war did
not benefit the Soviet Union because Russia lost 26,000,000 men
and women/children in total.
Joe 1
The soviets first nuclear test RDS-1 but was renamed Joe 1 by the
Americans in reference to Stalin. The soviets tried to keep this
test a secret but failed because of American spy planes. Overall,
this helped the Union because it meant that they are one step
closer to creating an atomic bomb to destroy their enemies.
Hydrogen bomb
The first test of the hydrogen bomb was called the Ivy Mike in
1952. This test was preformed by the United States and it gave
the Americans an advantage in the nuclear race with the Soviets.
The hydrogen bomb weapon was about 1,000 times more
powerful than regular nuclear devices. This obviously did not
help the Soviet union and this whole situation led to the cold war
and a big nuclear arms race.
Warsaw pact
Sputnik
Laika was the first dog in space and Soviet Scientists sent her up
there to test the conditions of take off to see if humans could
survive it. Sadly, the dog died within hours due to overheating
and a monument was built in her honor.
A wall that was built around Berlin that completely cut off wet
berlin from surrounding east Germany from 1961 to 1989. The
wall served to stop the emigration and defection. This wall didnt
really help or benefit the Soviet Union because this involved
Germany.
Invasion of Czechoslovakia
On August 20, 1968, the Soviet Union led Warsaw Pact troops in
an invasion of Czechoslovakia to put an end to reformist trends in
Prague. This invasion was beneficial to the Soviet Union because
after a lot of fighting and arguing, Czechoslovakia once again
became a cooperative member of the Warsaw Pact.
SALT 1
For the first time during the Cold War, the United States and
Soviet Union had agreed to limit the number of nuclear missiles
in their arsenals. SALT I is considered the best achievement of
Nixon. SALT 1 is when the United States learned that the Soviet
Union had embarked upon a massive Intercontinental Ballistic
Missile buildup designed to reach parity with the United States.
Since they found out of this, Johnson therefore called for strategic
arms limitations talks (SALT), and in 1967, he and Soviet Premier
Alexei Kosygin met at Glassboro State College in New Jersey.This
helped the S.U because the U.S agreed to limit the amount of
missiles they had.
SALT 2
Since SALT I did not prevent each side from enlarging their forces
through the deployment of Multiple Independently Targeted ReEntry Vehicles onto their ICBMs and SLBMs, SALT II initially
focused on limiting, and then ultimately reducing, the number of
MIRVs. On June 17, 1979, Carter and Brezhnev signed the SALT II
Treaty in Vienna. SALT II limited the total of both nations nuclear
forces to 2,250 delivery vehicles. This helped the soviet union
because the U.S and the Soviet union finally came to an
agreement.
Glasnost
Perestroika
Chernobyl Disaster
This did not help the Soviet Union because they were losing 2 republics
and were becoming smaller.
On November 9th, 1989, the Berlin wall fell and a huge amount of
people poured into west Germany and finally, the 28 years of the
nightmare was over. It ended when mass demonstrations against
the government and the system in East Germany begun at the
end of September and took until November 1989. Also, In 1989
the first free labor union was founded in the communist Poland.
The end of the communist system had begun. This fall of the
wall triggered another situation that led to the end of the Soviet
Union. So it did not help them.
A sixty year old man who had a reputation for alcohol abuse who
also had some time advocated political and economic reforms.
Overall response
Overall, the Soviet Union collapsed because they had too much
central power over too many local geographic and social areas.
Also, they had an unsustainable foreign policy. In conclusion it
was their invasion of Afghanistan that led to financial ruin. When
it came to the government, they were way too involved in social
and economic life. Do I believe it could have survived? No I dont
because the changes and the coups that were always arising all
over the place always had a certain flaw in them and it just kept
hurting Russia. Maybe if they looked at China and saw what they
were doing they couldve gotten ideas for their future.
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