3.

Sa se afle,utilizand metoda Leverrier,polinomul caracteristic corespunzator

matricii de mai jos:

A=

1 2
1 1
1 0
2
1
2 1 1 3
4 5 0
4

A2 =

1
8
4
9 1 1
13 12 5
13 12 6

) (
)

0
9
8
7

125 48 16
104
122 23 22
46
90 40 41 12
66 120
0 107

17
6
13
19
42
28
8
23 A 4
A=
=
43 9 16 22
19 11 3 17
3

sk = Tr(Ak)

s 1 =Tr( A 1 )=1+0+(-1)+4=4
s 2 = Tr( A 2 )=1+(-1)+5+7=12
s 3 = Tr( A 3 )=17+(-28)+(-16)+(-17)=-44
s 4 = Tr( A 4 )=125+(-23)+41+(-107)=36
Deci

s 1 =4,

s 2 =12,

s 3 =-44 si

s 4 =36. Prin urmare,vom avea:

p 1=s 1=4
1
1
p 2=
( s + p s )= 2 ( 12+ (4 ) 4 ) =2
2 2 1 1
1
1
p3=
s3 + p1 s 2+ p 2 s1 )=
(44 + (4 ) 12+2 ( 4 ) )=28
(
3
3
1
1
p 4=
s 4 + p1 s 3 + p 2 s2 + p3 s 1 )=
( 36+(4 ) (44 ) +2 ( 12 )+ 28 ( 4 ) ) =87
(
4
4

Asadar polinomul caracteristic este:

4
3
2
K A )= 4 +2 +28 87