CHAPTER 3:MEASUREMENT

(MICROMETERS)

INTRODUCTION

A micrometer is an instruments used specially to

get a more accurate measurement compared to a
vernier calliper.
The micrometer comes in both imperial and
metric measurements.
The smallest reading on the micrometer is
0.01mm and gives an accurate measurement up
to 0.001mm.

TYPES OF A MICROMETER
a)External Micrometer

-An external micrometer is used specifically to take more accurate

measurements. The main function is to measure the thickness or
the external diameter of a product.
d)Internal Micrometer

-An internal micrometer is used to measure the internal dimensions

such as diameter of a hole, a cylinder hole or the distance between
two parallel surface of a hole.
-The internal micrometer can also be used to take measurement or
to align the calliper and gauge.

c)Depth Gauge Micrometer

-A depth gauge micrometer is used to measure the depth of

a hole, a slot and key way.

d)Digital Micrometer

-Measurements are shown automatically on the Liquid

Crystal Display (LCD) screen.
-Its accuracy is 0.001mm.

PART OF AN EXTERNAL MICROMETER

MAIN PARTS OF A MICROMETER

a)Frame
The frame is the main part of a micrometer.
The frame comes in a few shapes such as semicircle or U shape.
b)Anvil
The anvil is fixed on the edge of the frame.These
are anvils made of tungsten carbide to prevent
the instrument from wear and tear.
c)Spindle
The spindle will move forward and backward to
the anvil when the thimble is turned.

MAIN PARTS OF A MICROMETER

d)Sleeve
The are divisions at the sides of the parallel lines at
the sleeve that acts as the datum to the micrometer.
e)Thimble
The circumference surface of the thimble is divided
to 50 equal divisions. Each division is equal to
0.01mm.
f)Ratchet knob
The ratchet knob is at the end of the thimble. Its
function is to ensure that the measurement made is
accurate because it can control and prevent the
thimble from excessive turning.

EXAMPLE MEASURE READINGS

1)Read the scale on the sleeve.

The example clearly shows 12 mm divisions.
2) Still reading the scale on the sleeve, a further mm (0.5)
measurement can be seen on the bottom half of the scale.
The measurement now reads 12.5mm.
3) Finally, the thimble scale shows 16 full divisions
(these are hundredths of a mm).
4)The final measurement is 12.5mm + 0.16mm = 12.66mm.

EXAMPLE