KERAJAAN MALAYSIA JABATAN KERJA RAYA MALAYSIA STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR ROAD WORKS a JA PENGARAT KERIA RAYA KERJA RAYA MALAYSIA tal LTAN SALAHUDDIN, 50582 KUALA LUMPUR.FOREWORD As practices in road construction change over time, it is imperative for Jabatan Kerja Raya (JKR) to continuously update and improve their standard specifications. These new specifications are not only aimed at keeping abreast with current technologies but also in helping to improve the quality of constructed product. In unison, these new specifications have a significant positive impact on the construction industry especially with the incorporation of new products and technologies. Standard Specification for Road Works is an essential component in the road infrastructure construction industry. This Specification provides an improved guidance in the material selection and the production of good quality workmanship and products, based on current best practices. The purpose of this standard specification is to establish uniformity in road works to be used by road designers, road authorities, manufacturers and suppliers of road related products. This document “Standard Specification for Road Works - Section 17: Site Investigation” is a new section to the Standard Specification for Road Works. The compilation of this document was carried out through many discussions by the technical committee members. Additionally it has been presented at a technical workshop held on 16" — 17" October 2012. Feedbacks and comments received were carefully considered and incorporated in the specification where appropriate. This Specification had also been presented in the Mesyuarat Jawatankuasa Spesifikasi Piawai JKR bagi Kerja-kerja Jalan Bil. 2/2013 on 6" February 2013 and finally approved in the Mesyuarat Jawatankuasa Pemandu Pengurusan Bil. 17/2013 on 21" August 2013. The importance of site investigation cannot be over emphasised in civil engineering ‘works be it new development, upgrading works or geotechnical forensic investigations. Specification for site investigation works is very crucial because it gives clear requirements and expectations of the project owners or the clients. Clear specifications can result in more accurate and representative site investigation works carried out with the right tools and instruments. Although this Specification was intended to form part of the Standard Specifications for Road Works, it can also be used for buildings and other civil engineering works with necessary additions according to the design engineer's needs. St74This document will be reviewed and updated from time to time to cater for any changes on policies and current requirements. In this respect, any comments and feedback regarding this Specification should be forwarded to Unit Standard & Spesifikasi, Cawangan Kejuruteraan Jalan & Geoteknik. Published by: - Cawangan Kejuruteraan Jalan & Geoteknik Ibu Pejabat Jabatan Kerja Raya Tingkat 26, Menara PJD, No. 50, Jalan Tun Razak, 50400 Kuala Lumpur. Email: USSJ@jkr.gov.my February 2014 174ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This Standard Specification for Road Works - Section 17: Site Investigation has been prepared by a technical committee comprised of the following members: Committee Members En. Mohd Ali bin Deraman (Chairman) Ir. Khairul It. Hj. Ramlee bin Osman Ir. Amir Hamzah bin Mustapha Ir. Razali bin Che Embi Ir. Abdul Hadi bin Abdul Aziz En. Nicholas Jacob En. Suhaimi bin Jamaluddin En. Mohd Rahim bin Kawangit Ir. Hj. Ismail bin Abdul Rahman En. Bala Subramaniam a/l T.Ratnam En. Rosli bin Basar Ir, Naelah binti Mat Kasa En. Zulkifli bin Naim Hj, Azahari Ahmad It. Chow Chee Meng S174 Caw. Kej. Jalan & Geoteknik, JKR Caw. Kej. Jalan & Geoteknik, JKR Caw. Kej. Jalan & Geoteknik, JKR Caw. Kej. Jalan & Geoteknik, JKR Caw. Kerja Bangunan Am, JKR Caw. Kej. Jalan & Geoteknik, JKR Caw. Kej. Jalan & Geoteknik, JKR Bahagian Kej. Cerun, JKR Caw. Kej. Awam, Struktur & Jambatan, JKR Caw. Ke}. Awam, Struktur & Jambatan, JKR Caw. Kej. Jalan & Geoteknik; JKR JKR Pahang JKR Pulau Pinang JKR Johor Jabatan Mineral & Geosains Malaysia (Ipoh) G &P Consultants‘Special thanks and appreciation to the following proof reader: - Ir. Mohd Azahar bin Don Caw. Kej. Jalan & Geoteknik, JKR Finally, the publisher would like to express its gratitude to the above committee members ‘for their substantial contributions towards the successful completion of this document. S17-vSECTION 17 - SITE INVESTIGATION 17.4 PRELIMINARIES 17.1.1. Scope of Works 17.4.2 Documents Mutually Explanatory 17.1.3 Inspection of Site 17.1.4. Programme of Work 17.1.8 Setting Out and Coordinates 17.1.6 Supply of Plants, Materials and Labour 17.1.7 Public Safety and Protection of the Work 17.1.8 Interference with Traffic 17.1.9 Temporary Access 17.1.10 Workmen's Accommodation 17.14.11 Water Supply 17.1.12 Electricity Power Supply 17.1.13 Storage Facilities 17.1.14 Removal of Improper Plant / Machinery and Personnel 17.1.48 Appointment of Specialist Utility Contractor 17.1.16 Damage to Utilities and Services 17.14.17 Clearance of Site on Completion 17.1.18 Laboratory Testing Facilities 17.1.19 Method of Measurement 17.1.20 Submission of Reports 17.2. DEEP BORING 17.2.1 Boring Plant 17.2.2 Method of Advancing Boreholes 17.2.3. Casing for Boreholes 17.2.4 Other Methods of Stabilizing the Boreholes sity (JKR/SPJ/2013-817) PAGE si7-4 si7-1 si7-1 S17-2 817-2 S17-2 S17-2 S17-2 S173 S17-3 S17-3 817-3 817-3 S17-3 S17-4 S17-4 S17-4 S175 S17-5 S175 S17-6 S17-7 S17-7 S177 S177 S17-717.2.5 Heaving of the Bottom of the Boreholes 17.2.6 Size and Depth of Boreholes 17.2.7 Rock Drilling 17.2.8 Scope of Rock Drilling 17.2.9 Drilling Rigs and Ancillary Equipment 17.2.10 Core Barrels, Casing and Drill Rods 17.2.11 Drilling Method 1.2.12 Record of Drilling Equipment 17.2.13 Extraction of Cores (JKR/SPJ/2013-817) PAGE S17-8 S17-8 S17-8 S17-9 S17-9 817-10 S17-11 817-12 817-12 17.2.14 Core Recovery Ratio (CRR) and Rock Quality Designation (RQD) —-$17-12 17.2.18 Drilling Fluid 17.2.16 Unnatural Obstructions and Abandoned Boring 17.2.17 Backfilling of borehole and borehole marker 17.3 SAMPLING 17.3.1 Obtaining Disturbed Samples 17.3.2 Obtaining Undisturbed Samples with the Thin-Walled Tube 817-43 817-13 817-13 S17-15 S175 S175 17.3.3 Obtaining Undisturbed Samples with the Thin-Walled Stationary Piston ‘Samplers 17.3.4. Obtaining Undisturbed Samples with Open-tube Sampler 17.3.5 Preservation of Disturbed Samples 17.3.6 Preservation of Undisturbed Samples 17.3.7 Labelling of Soil Samples 17.3.8 Collection of Bulk Samples 17.3.8.1 Small disturbed samples 17.3.8.2 Tube Sampling 17.3.8.3 Bulk disturbed samples 17.3.9 Collection of Groundwater Sample 17.3.10 Storage and Transportation of Soil Samples 17.3.11 Preservation, Storage and Transportation of Rock Cores S17-vi S17-15 S17-15 817-16 817-16 817-16 817-16 S177 S17-47 S17-17 SI7-17 817-18 817-1817.3.12 Provision of "Record Samples" 174 FIELD TESTING 17.4.1. Standard Penetration Test (SPT) 17.4.2 Dynamic Probing Test (DP) 17.4.3 Field Vane Test 17.4.4 Static Cone Penetration Test (CPT)/ Piezocone (CPTu) 17.4.5. JKR or Mackintosh Probes (MP) 17.4.6 Groundwater Level Observation During SI Field Work 17.4.7 Ground Water Observation for Long Term Monitoring 17.4.7.1 Measurement Accuracy 17.4.7.2 First Encounter 17.4.7.3 Subsequent Encounter 17.4.7.4 Beginning and End of Shift 17.4.8 Standpipe Piezometers 17.4.8.1 Scope 17.4.8.2 Piezometer Tip and Tubing 17.4.8.3 Grouting 17.4.8.4 Sand Filter 17.4.8.5 Surface Installation 17.4.8.6 Water Level 17.4.9 Hand Auger Holes 17.4.10 Field Permeability Tests 17.4.11 Plate Loading Tests 17.5 LABORATORY TESTING 17.5.1. Scope of Laboratory Testing 17.5.2 Testing Standard 17.5.3. Soil Classification System 17.5.4 Units to be used 17.5.5. Testing Standard 17.5.6 Information Required S17-vi (JKR/SPJ/2013-817) PAGE 817-19 817-21 817-21 817-21 817-21 817-22 817-24 817-24 817-25 S17-25 817-25 817-25 817-25 817-26 817-26 817-26 817-26 817-26 817-27 817-27 817-27 S17-28 817-28 817-29 817-29 817-29 817-29 817-29 817-30 817-30(JKR/SPJ/2013-817) PAGE 17.6 REPORTING OF RESULT 817-40 17.6.1. Submission of Preliminary Field Log 817-40 17.6.2 Submission of Final Reports 817-42 17.6.3 Detail Drawings 817-42 17.6.4 Details Required in the Final Report 817-42 s17-vii(JKR/SPJ/2013-817) LIST OF TABLE TABLE 17.2.1: Proposed Rock Coring Depth TABLE 17.2.2: Size of Commonly Used Core Barrels, Casings and Drill Rods TABLE 17.3.1: Mass of Soil Sample Require for Various Laboratory Tests TABLE 17.5.1: Testing Standards and Additional Testing Requirements S17-ix PAGE S17-8 817-14 817-20 817-31SECTION 17: SITE INVESTIGATIONTA (IKRISPJ/2013-S17) SECTION 17 — SITE INVESTIGATION PRELIMINARIES q7AA TAZ Scope of Works ‘The Works in this Contract shall comprise of the following: - {a) Soil investigation (SI): deep boring JKR probes /hand augering/ sample collection’ laboratory testing as shown in the Contract Drawings / as Per List of Drawing {b) Submission of proper Site Investigation Report comprising of all relevant notes and pertinent information as required by this Specification The above Scope of Works are provisional and may be varied or omitted depending on the findings as the investigation proceeds. All Clauses in this Specification and the Bill of Quantities which relate to Works or part of the Works or materials not required under the Scope of Works shall be deemed not to apply. Documents Mutually Explanatory The documents forming the Contract are to be taken as mutually explanatory of one another and in case of ambiguities or discrepancies, the provisions of the Conditions of Contract shall prevail over those of any other document forming part of the Contract. Provide always that any ambiguities or discrepancies shall be referred as soon as possible to the S.O, (Superintending Officer) who shall issue to the Contractor instructions directing the manner in which the Work(s) are to be carried out in accordance with the provisions of this Clause. The following references are used in the Specification (a) MS 2038 : 2006 - Code of Practice for Site Investigation {b) MS 1056 : 2005 - Method of Test for Soils for Civil Engineering Purposes (c) BS 5930: 1999- Code of Practice for Site Investigation si7-1171.3 AAA AAS AAG qAT (JKRISPJ/2013-S17) Inspection of Site The Contractor shall inspect and examine the Site and its surrounding and shall satisfy himself before submitting his tender as to the nature of the Site, the scope and nature of the Works, equipment, plant and materials necessary for its completion and in general, shall himself obtain all necessary information (subjects as above-mentioned) as to the risks, contingencies and other circumstances which may affect his tender. Programme of Work The Contractor shall submit to the S.O. for his approval a Works Programme within two (2) weeks after the date of appointment, showing the procedures and methods by which he proposes to carry out the Works and particulars of Plant and Temporary Works which the Contractor intends to supply, use or construct as the case may be. The submission and approval by the S.0. of such programme or particulars shall not relieve the Contractor of any of his duties or responsibilities under the Contract. Setting Out and Coordinates Setting out shall include taking of reduced levels and coordinates of all locations of investigation. The temporary bench marks used shall follow those given in the original site plan if the bench marks are given. Otherwise they shall be based on permanent features on the site. Under no circumstances shall reduced levels be obtained by interpolating contour lines on the site plan. Contractors are also advised to reconfirm the coordinates & reduced levels of site investigation locations before the completion of works. ‘Supply of Plants, Materials and Labour Except where otherwise specified, the Contractor shall at his own expense, supply and provide all plants, labour and materials for both temporary and permanent works, including the supervision thereof, transport to and from the Site and in and about the Works and other things of every kind / type required for the construction, completion and maintenance of the Works. Public Safety and Protection of the Work The Contractor shall, in connection with the Works, provide and maintain at his own cost all lights, guards, fencing and watching when and where necessary or required by the S.O. or by any competent statutory body or other authority recognized by the S.O. for the protection of the Works and the safety and convenience of the public or others. 817-2(JKRISPJ/2013-S17) 17.1.8 Interference with Traffic All operations necessary shall be carried out for the execution of the Works and temporary works as far as it is in compliance with the requirements of the Contract. The Contractor must ensure not to interfere with any public convenience and amenities or, the access to use and avoid occupation of Public or private roads, footpaths and waterways. The Contractor shall get approval from the local authority or relevant agencies before commencing works. Warning signages shall be displayed when there is interference to public safety. 17.1.9 Temporary Access ‘The Contractor shall provide all temporary roads and accesses required for the proper execution of the Works. He shall provide at all times during the progress of the Works, proper means of access with ladders, boats etc. and the necessary attendance for inspection of the Works by the S.O. or his representative(s) as directed. 171.10 Workmen's Accommodation The Contractor shall be responsible for the proper and safe accommodation at site for his labour force to the satisfaction of the relevant health authorities and other agencies involved. 171.11 Water Supply The Contractor shall provide clean water required in connection with the Works, including the supply and fixing of all fittings, maintenance of the supply, payment of all fees, removal of all fittings and making good all disturbances after completion of the Works. Clean water shall be free from mud, organic materials and chemical compounds. 17.1.12 Electricity Power Supply Should the Contractor require any electricity supply, he shall make his own arrangement with the authorities concemed, comply with all safety regulations and pay all fees in connection with its installation, supply and maintenance. 17.1.13 Storage Facilities The Contractor shall provide proper facilities for the storage and protection of soil, rock and water samples. Si7-3(JKRISPJ/2013-S17) Sampling procedure specified as Sample Storage and Inspection Facilities refer to MS 2038; 2006: Clause 6.2. 17.1.14 Removal of Improper Plant / Machinery and Personnel The S.0. shall, during the course of the Works, have the power to give order(s) in writing from time to time pertaining to the following: - (@) The removal from site of any plant not conforming to the requirements of the Specification and the replacement of such plant at the Contractor's own cost. (b) The dismissal from site of any technician, supervisor, plant operator, or any workmen of the Contractor found incapable or refusing to follow the proper procedure of work as specified, and replacement of such workmen at the Contractor's own cost. The Contractor's attention is drawn particularly to the technician's or supervisor's capability to identify and describe correctly soil and rock samples in the field, and to do survey work including taking reduced levels and setting out. Contractor's Supervisor shall have adequate site experience and training to enable him to describe samples correctly. 17.1.15 Appointment of Specialist Utility Contractor The Contractor may appoint a specialist utility contractor to detect underground services subject to the S.O. approval. The contractor should be fully responsible for any information or outcome of the specialist contractor's work which is deemed to be part of the overall SI works. 17.1.16 Damage to Utilities and Services Particular care should be taken to avoid damages to electricity mains, water mains, telecommunication mains, fibre optic, sewerage system, gas mains, etc. The Contractor is fully responsible to ascertain the positions of all mains or services in the vicinity of the boreholes and all other tests by all means of utility mapping detection method deemed necessary. He shall be fully responsible for any damage caused and for claims of any consequential damages arising out of the works carried out. He shall be fully responsible to make good any damage caused to the respective utilities and services and indemnify the Government for any costs incurred, if any, on the failure of the Contractor to make good such damages. The S.O. shall be immediately informed if any of the original locations of the boreholes or other tests coincide with the positions of the mains or services. It will be the S.0.'s responsibility to change the locations of the affected boreholes or other tests. S17-4(JKRISPJ/2013-S17) 17.1.7 Clearance of Site on Completion ‘As soon as the investigation works are completed, all test pits, vane shear tests, etc. shall be backfilled and compacted to the satisfaction of the S.O. On completion, the Contractor shall remove from site all plants, surplus materials, condemned equipment, temporary works and rubbish of any kind, and leave the Site and Works clean and tidy to the satisfaction of the s$.0. Completed boreholes shall be inserted with PVC casings as specified in Clause 17.2 Deep Boring. 17.1.18 Laboratory Testing Facilities The Contractor shall cary out laboratory tests at his own testing laboratory(s) and to be approved by the S.O. and/or accredited by a recognized accreditation body. If the testing facilities of other laboratories, other than what has been approved, are to be made use of, it should be indicated during the submission and prior permission of the S.O. is to be obtained. List of Laboratory technicians & supervisor for the job should be submitted during the tender. Details as follows: - (a) Names (b) Identification no (VC) (©) Qualifications (4) Numbers of years experiences in soil testing The works shall be coordinated by a qualified engineer registered with the Board of Engineers Malaysia. All the testing results shall be checked and certified by a Professional Engineer. All the testing machines and associated apparatus should be duly calibrated by SIRIM or other calibration bodies approved by the S.O. 171.19 Method of Measurement Except where any description of the Works in the Specifications, Drawings or Bill of Quantities expressly shows the contrary, measurements shall be made in accordance with the procedure set forth in the latest edition of the Standard Method of Measurement of Civil Engineering Quantities published by the CIDB or the latest standard in use, S175(JKRISPJ/2013-817) 17.1.20 Submission of Reports The Contractor shall submit a field borelog (within 3 days) to the S.O. once the tests at a single testing location within the site are completed. On ‘completion of the whole of the Works, the Contractor shall submit: - (a) Six (6) hard copies (binded), and (b) A soft copy of the Soil Investigation Report to the S.O. / Designer as specified in Clause 17.6-Reporting of Result and the Scope of Work. The report must be jointly signed by the SI Contractor responsible for the Works and all test results shall be checked and endorsed by a Professional Engineer (P.E.) having adequate experience in geotechnical engineering field. S176(JKR/SP/2013-S17) 17.2 DEEP BORING 17.2.1 Boring Plant The plants used shall be capable of boring/driling to the maximum depth indicated in the Bill of Quantities/Drawings, Soil Investigation Scope of Work, etc. or a depth of 60 metres from existing ground level. The plants used shall be suitable for advancing the borehole, sampling, in- situ testing and rock drilling in accordance with the relevant specification of each of these operations. The plant shall have adequate and suitable accessories to perform all the tests specified. 17.2.2 Method of Advancing Boreholes The method used shall be such that an accurate and continuous observation of the soil encountered is possible throughout the process. No mixing of soil from different levels shall be allowed to occur. When undisturbed sample is to be taken, a reasonable clean hole shall be provided and the portion of soil to be sampled is not unduly disturbed. Allowed methods shall be rotary boring, rotary wash boring, continuous augering, continuous sampling and rotary drilling or a combination of these methods subject to S.. approval. Method of Rotary boring refers to MS 2038: 2006: Clause 4.2.8.3. 17.2.3 Casing for Boreholes Casings should be provided as soon as boring works are carried out where distance between the cutting bit and casing is kept within 150.0 mm or where practical. Boring without casing is only permitted if there is no collapse in the hole and subject to S.O. approval. Other Methods of Stal 1g the Boreholes Other methods of stabilizing the boreholes may be carried out subject to the prior approval of the S.O. on the procedure used. In some cases-mud, polymers or foam are used to maintain or assist borehole stability and aid the transport of drill cutting to the surfaces. SI7-717.2.5 17.26 (JKRISP/2013-S17) Heaving of the Bottom of the Boreholes To prevent heave and disturbance to the soil at the bottom of the borehole, the level of drilling fluid in the hole must at all times be equal to, or higher than the level of the ground water. This condition shall be strictly observed in formations of fine sand or silt, or in operations involving undisturbed ‘sampling. Size and Depth of Boreholes The size of the boreholes shall be such that the requirements of size in ‘sampling, in-situ testing, etc. are satisfied. Unless otherwise stated or specified, boring in soil shall be stopped when the standard penetration test values over a depth of nine meters are equal to or greater than 50 blows/0.3m for five to seven consecutive readings. The S.0. shall modify this general rule depending on actual site conditions and the Scope of Work. When rock is encountered, drilling shall be carried out. Type of rock coring depth refers to table below: - TABLE 17.2.1 - PROPOSED ROCK CORING DEPTH Type of Rock Depth of coring. min(m) RQD (%) Igneous Rock 3.0m 50. Sedimentary Rock 3.0m 50 Methamorphic Rock 3.0m 50 Limestone Rir > 50% and no oaviy 6.0m 60 Limestone Rir < 50% with caly 9.0m - 21.0m 60 Note: Min dril core sample size 52mm dia. (NMLC or HMLC) Igneous rock- eg. : granite, gabbro, basalt, micro granite, etc Sedimentary Rock— eg. : siltstone, shale, tuff, etc. Methamorphic Rock — eg. : schist, slate, sandstone, etc. “Actual core depth refers to Designer / S.0. 17.27 Rock Drilling The procedure for the rock drilling shall be in accordance with ASTM 1D2113-70(1976) “Diamond Core Drilling for Site Investigation”. The minimum core diameter acceptable shall be 30.2mm (AWX, AWM core barrels). However when directed by the S.O. cores of 54.0mm diameter (NWX, NWM core barrels) shall be taken. S17817.2.8 17.29 (JKRISP/2013-S17) ‘The Core Recovery Ratio (CRR) and the Rock Quality Designation (RQD) as described below (see Clause 17.2.14) shall be reported for each core run. Scope of Rock Drillin: Rotary core drilling shall be carried out at locations as directed by the S.0. Driling shall be carried out in accordance with good practice as detailed in ASTM D 2113 or similar approved standard. Drilling shall consist of obtaining core samples of the full depth of the strata being penetrated. Should the Contractor fail to ensure that drilling and sampling is undertaken as specified or instructed then he may be liable to re-drill all or part of a borehole at his own expense should the S.O. so directs. Drilling Rigs and Ancillary Equipment Drilling rigs shall be of the hydraulic feed type with sufficient horsepower and capacity to drive a rotary tool tipped with diamonds or tungsten carbide in the sizes and to the depth specified. The rigs shall be such that they are capable of applying to the drilling bit a working hydraulic thrust of the order of 10.0KN to 30.0KN. The weight of the drilling rig shall be compatible with the maximum hydraulic thrust required without movement of the rig. If the weight of the rig is insufficient to prevent movement, the base of the rig shall be securely anchored down or loaded. The rigs shall also be fitted with a tachometer and a hydraulic feed pressure gauge, both of appropriate scales. A rigid rod, clearly graduated in 10mm increments shall be permanently attached to and parallel with the hydraulic feed rams, to provide a means of measuring penetration and estimating penetration rates. Where the flushing medium is water, a centrifugal or reciprocating pump shall be provided equipped with a gear box and capable of delivering up to 2 4's. The pump shall incorporate a ‘surge’ bottle to reduce fluctuations in water pressure and the suction hose shall be fitted with a suitable filter at all times. A full by-pass system shall be provided and attached to the drilling rig to allow the operator full control of water flow from zero to maximum pump delivery rate. ‘A pressure gauge capable of operating in the range 0 N/m? to 2000 kN/m? shall be directly fitted into the water supply line on the ‘downstream’ side of the by-pass valve. si7-9(JKRISPJ/2013-S17) Where the flushing medium in use is air with foam additive, an air compressor capable of producing 2m‘/min to S5m'/min with a working pressure of up to 700kN/m? shall be provided. A by-pass system similar to that required for water flush and a pressure gauge of appropriate scale shall also be provided. To iinject liquid foam mixture into the flushing airstream, an air-driven drum pump or other approved system shall be provided. The pump shall be equipped with a pressure balancer, a pressure limiting valve and an on/off control valve with the facility for regulating the flow of liquid foam mixture up to maximum of 0.1 é/s. Details of the proposed foam additive and mixes shall be submitted to the S.. for approval and the use of a foam stabilizer shall not be permitted unless this has been agreed to by the S.O. The Contractor shall ensure that the proposed foam is either fully biodegradable or water soluble and make arrangements for the collection and removal or dispersal of the foam returns when required. The Contractor shall provide recent calibration certificates for all gauges and measuring equipment used. Calibration shall have taken place within one year of intended use. 17.2.10 Core Barrels, Casing and Drill Rods Details of the manufacturers and the specifications of all core barrels and of proposed tungsten carbide and diamond core bits shall be given The Contractor shall supply section drawings of the barrels and bits he proposes to use. He shall also submit manufacturer's brochures illustrating the type of equipment he proposes to use. The use of equipment without such information shall not be allowed. The core barrels shall be to the approved manufacturers’ details and specification. Unless otherwise approved by the S.O.., all accessories and spare parts shall be as supplied or recommended by the manufacturer. The Contractor shall provide sufficient number of core barrels and accessories in order to carry out the scheduled work. Each core barrel shall be provided with a full range of bit types to cope with the various ground conditions encountered at the Site. Spares for each bit type shall be available for use on Site without causing any delay to drilling operations. An adequate supply of short, medium and long plain retractor shoes shall be available for use with Mazier type triple tube retractable core barrels. All core barrels shall be equipped with sediment catcher tubes. The tube shall have the same external diameter as the core barrel, and its length shall be approximately 0.75 m. The upper end shall be tapered with the s17-40(JKRISPJ/2013-S17) upper edge curved slightly inwards to prevent fouling the side of the borehole on withdrawal of the core barrel. Triple tube core barrels shall be equipped with built in ball check pistons to ensure that the core is not subjected to water flushing when extracting the inner barrel containing the core. Casing shall be used to prevent collapse of the sides of the hole. The size of casing and drill rods shall be appropriate for the size of core barrel in use. All casing and drill rods shall be straight and in good condition, and shall be cleaned thoroughly before use to ensure that all scale, dirt, and other loose materials are removed. All drill rods shall be of standard lengths e.g. 3.0, 1.5, 0.75m. Short lengths of drill rods and casing shall be available to enable continuous coring to be carried out. Refer to Table 17.2.2 - Size of commonly used core barrels, casings and drill rods (same table can be referred at MS 2038: 2006: Clause 4.2.7.3 - Tablet). 17.2.11 Drilling Method The method and equipment used shall be such that: - (a) The soil encountered and the levels of strata boundaries can be accurately identified, (b) Truly representative disturbed and undisturbed sample can be obtained and field installations incorporated at any depth in the borehole. Drilling shall be carried out in such a manner and using such sizes of bits including any required modification to the drill bit, such that the maximum amount of core is recovered. This requires close surveillance of drilling fluid, driling pressures, lengths of runs and all other factors relevant to the nature of the material being drilled. The core barrel shall be withdrawn and the core removed as often as may be necessary to secure the maximum possible amount of core. Coring runs shall be limited to a maximum length of 1.5m. When less than ‘95% of the core is recovered from a run the length of the following run shall be reduced by 50% unless otherwise directed by the S.O. If less than 50% recovery is achieved the following run shall not exceed 0.5m until full recovery is achieved from two consecutive runs. S171(JKRISPJ/2013-S17) The core barrel shall be removed from the borehole immediately if blocking of the bit or grinding of the core is apparent regardless of the length of run which has been made. The Contractor shall in general use no drilling lubricants in the borehole other than clean water, air or air with an approved drilling foam addi Additives shall only be used in the flushing medium upon approval by the 8.0. 17.2.12 Record of Drilling Equipment On the daily record sheet the driller shall record the type of core barrel and coring bit used. This information shall be recorded for each core run. 17.2.13 Extraction of Cores Core shall be extracted from double tube barrels using a hydraulic or similar approved extruder. The extruder shall apply a continuous pressure to one end of the core whilst the barrel is in a horizontal position. Drilling shall not be allowed to commence unless a suitable approved extruder is available on Site. No standing time shall be approved by the 8.0. in respect of delays resulting from this requirement. Cores from triple tube barrels with continuous inner liners shall be carefully removed from the core barrel, sealed and labeled as specified. Cores from split-tube or triple tube shall be carefully removed from the core barrels using hydraulic pressure and be carefully transferred into split plastic tubes of the same internal diameter. The S.0. may instruct certain core lengths to be sealed in aluminium foil and waxed before sealing inside the plastic tube. Where airffoam is used as the flushing medium, a water supply with complete by-pass shall also be available and used for the extrusion of the split inner tubes form the core barrel. Under no circumstances shall air pressure be used for the extrusion of cores. ‘The Contractor shall submit a detailed method statement explaining how the core shall be extracted from the core barrel. The Works shall not proceed until this method statement has been agreed with the S.0. 17.2.14 Core Recovery Ratio (CRR) and Rock Quality Designation (RQD) The Core Recovery Ratio (CRR), Rock Quality Designation (RQD) and the Fracture Index (Fl) as described below shall be reported for each core run. Good quality core is defined as intact core having a fully circular circumference. The CRR shall mean the ratio of the total length of the good si7-412(IKRISPJ/2013-S17) quality cores over the drilling, expressed to the nearest 5%. The RQD is the ratio of the length of good quality cores each exceeding 100mm in length over the drilling run, correct to be nearest 5%. Any length of core containing breaks caused during drilling or handling shall be considered as solid when computing the RQD. The FI shall mean the fractures caused during drilling or extractions of the core from the core barrel of liner are not included in the assessment of Fl 47.2.15 Drilling Fluid The drilling fluid shall normally be water. However, with approval from the S.0., air, mud, polymer or air foam may also be used. 17.2.16 Unnatural Obstructions and Abandoned Boring Should unnatural obstructions to boring be encountered, the S.O. shall be informed immediately so that a decision can be made regarding the use of any special technique, including chiseling or diamond driling, or termination of the borehole. Boreholes terminated with the consent of the S.O. shall be measured. Under no circumstances shall the Contractor abandon or terminate a borehole without the approval of the S.0. Boreholes so abandoned or terminated will not be measured. However should the Contractor be unable to complete any borehole due to the obstruction by underground services or structures which cannot be reasonably foreseen after the clause "Damage of overhead and underground mains and services” in the Preliminaries has been complied with the completed borehole, only then measurement is allowed to be taken, 17.2.17 Backfilling of borehole and borehole marker Boreholes shall be backfilled with free-flowing sand or silt as the borehole casing is withdrawn, in such a manner that collapse of the sides of the borehole is precluded. The cost of backfilling shall be deemed to be included in the rates for boring, For other types of backfilling of borehole, refer to MS 2038: 2006: Clause 4.29. For construction of borehole markers, including exposed PVC pipe 0.5m, concrete base 300mm x 300mm x 200mm, clear and permanent marking ate X & Y to be marked on concrete base or subject to S.O 817-13(JKRISPJ/2013-S17) TABLE 17.2.2 - SIZE OF COMMONLY USED CORE BARRELS, CASINGS AND DRILL RODS Core barrels Casings Drill rods. Double-tube Triple-tube Flush jointed Flush-coupled Design | Nominal | Design | Design | OD | ID | Design | Rod Coupling diameter Core | Hole 0D | 1D 1D Tw | 67 | 76 | NMIC | 82) 76 | NW) 89 | 76 | BW | 54) aq 9 276 | 62 | 76 Hw | 115 | 10 | Nw | 67 | 57 36 1 T2101 | 84 | 101 | HMLC | 64 | 99 | PW | 140 | 126] HW | 89 | 80 @0 e101 | 79 | 101 Maziom | 76 | 101 | PW | 140 | 126| HW | 67 | 7 3% sc- | 76) 111 Mict* ac— | 102 | 140 | SW | 168 | 163; HW | 69 | 80 eo Lc Legend: * With retractor shoe “With or without retractor shoe OD Outer diameter ID Inner diameter NoTES: 1. This list is not exhaustive and should not imply the exclusion of other recognised core barrels and casinglrods systems. 2. For additional information, reference can be made to BS 4019: Part 1 (BSI 1974a) on rotary core driling equipment and Figure 29 of BS 5930 (BSI, 19812) 817-14(JKR/SPJ/2013-S17) 17.3. SAMPLING 17.3.2 17.3.3 173.4 Disturbed samples may be obtained by any means as long as the soil sample obtained is representative and unchanged in the constituent contents. Samplers with flap retainer or basket retainer or other attachment may be necessary for cohesionless soils. The minimum amount of soil sample refer to MS 2038: 2006: Clause 4.4.3: Table 3, shall be that quantity sufficient for the soils to be tested in the various classification tests, such as moisture content, Atterberg limits and particle size distribution, Qbtaining Undisturbed Samples with the Thin-Walled Tube Undisturbed samples shall be taken with the thin-walled tube sampler described in MS 2038: 2006: Clause 4.4.4.3. Minimum outside diameter of the tube shall be compatible with size of bore hole or casing adopted or the size approved by the S.O. Wall thickness shall be between 1.5mm and 2.0mm with an inside clearance of 0.5% to 1.0%. Inside of the tube shall be 10% nominally. The tube shall be pushed into the base of the borehole by a continuous thrust and steady motion without driving, impact or twisting. The driling rig or boring plant used shall be capable of exerting a static thrust 25.0kN on the sampler. Obtaining Undisturbed Samples with the Thin-Walled Stationary Piston Sampl Disturbed samples shall be preserved and placed in bags made of heavy- gauge polyethylene sheeting of an approved thickness. Each sample shall be placed in 2 layers of such sheeting, each layer sealed to form an airtight bag. The samples shall then be placed in appropriate container for transporting to the laboratory or location designated by the S.O. or his representative. Obtaining Undisturbed Samples with Open-tube Sampler Open-tube samples shall generally be taken in stif to hard cohesive soils in percussion borings using open-tube sampler and equipment as described in BS 5930, and the sampler shall have a minimum diameter of 100mm and a minimum length of 450mm. The cutting shoes shall be clean, sharp and without burred edges. Area ratio shall be less than 25% with an inside clearance of 1 to 2%. The number of blows, weight of drop hammer, height of drop and length driven shall be recorded when percussion boring is used. 817-1517.3.5 17.3.6 17.3.7 17.3.8 (JKRISPJ/2013-S17) Preservation of Disturbed Samples Disturbed samples shall be preserved and placed in bags made of heavy- gauge polyethylene sheeting of an approved thickness. Each sample shall be placed in 2 layers of such sheeting, each layer sealed to form an airtight bag. The samples shall then be placed in appropriate containers for transporting to the laboratory or location designated by the S.O. or his representative. Preservation of Undisturbed Samples About 25 mm of soil shall be removed from the top and bottom of the sample tube and preserved as disturbed samples. The ends of the sample tube shall then be filled with a non-shrinking microcrystalline wax in suitable layers to a thickness of about 25 mm. The voids at the ends shall then be completely filled with moist sand or other suitable fillers. Sealing of the tube shall be done by sealing the sample with wax and completed by capping the tube with suitable tight-fitting caps. Labelling of Soil Samples For disturbed samples, a label clearly and indelibly marked with the name of the project, borehole number, depth of sampling, date taken and the type of sample (e.g. split-barrel tube samples, auger samples or from the ends of undisturbed samples) shall be placed inside the polyethylene bag. The outside of the bag shall also be marked with the sample number, borehole number and project number with the same legend used in the borelog. A suggested format is D,(U,)/j/z where x is the sample number, y the borehole number, z the project number, D for disturbed samples and U for undisturbed samples. For undisturbed samples, additional information required in the label includes the recovery ratio and the maximum hydraulic force/dynamic force used to secure the sample. The label shall be placed just below the cap at the top of the sample. The marking on the outside of the tube shall be similar to that for the disturbed samples. In addition, the top and bottom of the sample shall be indicated. Hlection of Bulk Sampl The recommended weights for each soil type with various soil laboratory testing are shown at Table 17.3. S746(JKRISPJ/2013-S17) 17.3.8. Small disturbed samples Small disturbed samples of not less than 1kg shall be taken at each change in soil type, change in consistency or as instructed by the S.0. They shall be placed immediately in air-tight containers which they should sensibly fill. 17.3.8.2 Tube Sampling 1738, 17.3.9 ‘As directed by the S.O., open tube undisturbed samples shall be taken in trial pits using U100 samplers using approved thin walled sampler tubes as described in MS 2038 : 2006 : Clause 4.4.4 Prior to sampling in trial pits, the area over-tying the soil to be sampled shall be cleared by the Contractor of all materials which has altered from its natural condition in order to expose soil in its natural condition. 3 Bulk disturbed samples Bulk disturbed samples of not less than 30kg shall be collected over a depth interval of 0.5m at specified depths or as instructed by the S.0. The samples collected shall be representative of the zone from which they have been taken. In association with the bulk sampling, two separate samples of not less than 0.2kg each shall be taken for natural moisture content determination and shall be collected, preserved and stored as disturbed samples in accordance with Clause 17.3.4. Collection of Groundwater Sample Ground water samples collected shall be representative of the ground water found in the borehole. It shall be taken as soon as practicable after groundwater is first encountered. About minimum of 1 litre shall be collected with a clean container and stored in a clean watertight glass or plastic container. Metal container shall not be used. The name of the project, borehole number, and the date of sampling shall be indicated on the outside of the container. If the sample is to be delivered to the S.0.'s Office, the container shall remain the property of S.0. S17-17(KRISPJ/2013-S17) 17.310 Storage and Transportation of Soil Samples The Contractor shall store all samples in an orderly fashion at site in protective boxes in a dry place and under cover to the maximum period of two weeks. They are to be dispatched to the designated laboratories or as directed by the SO. The thin walled, stationary piston and Mazier type undisturbed sampler ‘shall be stored and protected with utmost care to avoid disturbance to the samples. They shall be placed and transported in approved shipping containers. The shipping container shall be constructed such that they are padded throughout with rubber foam and contain partitions to stop the sampler tubes from moving in any direction during transporting to the laboratory. The rubber foam lining shall have a minimum uncompressed thickness of 100 mm. The container shall be capable of accommodating a minimum of three undisturbed samples and shall be of strong construction with carrying handles. Prior to the commencement of site work, the Contractor shall submit a sample of the shipping container for approval. During transportation, all undisturbed samples shall be protected in the ‘same manner as during storage on site. ‘The Contractor shall describe the methods of sample transport in his final report. 17.3.11 Preservation, Storage and Transportation of Rock Cores Core boxes shall be constructed of sound materials such as timber or reinforced plastic with a lid having secure fastenings. Handles shall be attached to the core box for lifting. Core boxes shall not contain more than 50kg of core. The height of the core boxes shall be compatible with the diameter of the core to be stored in them. As the core is extruded it shall be arranged in the box in proper sequence starting with the shallowest core on the left side nearest the hinge and then working along the slat and subsequently outwards towards the clasp. Slats shall be positioned and secured such that the core is restrained from movement. Wooden partition blocks not less than 25.0 mm in thickness shall be placed at the beginning and end of each box and at the end of each core run. These blocks shall be marked with the depth below ground level in waterproof marking in numbers at least 20.0mm high and facing the box lid. Each core box shall be marked in English identifying the site locality, borehole number, core box number, depths, and date. S17-18(JKRISPJ/2013-S17) Core losses shall be shown by wooden blocks or polystyrene of a square cross-section to fill the core space and of a length equal to the core lost. Until the boxes containing the cores are transported from the site, they shall be neatly stored at the borehole locations in such a manner that inspection of the cores can easily be made. The boxes shall be stored under cover and protected from the weather. All core boxes shall be carefully transported to avoid damage and disturbance to the contents. Unexamined core samples contained within plastic lining tubes and waxed samples retained for testing shall be stiffened with laths of wood and wrapped carefully with foam sheeting to minimize disturbance during transportation. All core, boxes and samples shall be delivered to Contractor's store and shall remain the property of the S.0. The samples should be kept for a period of one month or as instructed by the S.O. 17.3.12 Provision of "Record Samples" Whenever directed by the S.0., about 250 g of representative soil sample shall be taken from the disturbed/undisturbed samples, and sealed inside a clear plastic container. These samples shall be known as "record samples" and shall be delivered to the Representative Laboratory. The borehole number and the depth of sample shall be marked on a card placed inside the container. All the “record samples” from the same project shall be stored in a big polyethylene bag of suitable gauge and size, the name of the project and the year and month of investigation clearly and indelibly marked on the bag. The instruction to supply these "record samples" shall be given together with the instruction for laboratory test. These samples shall be delivered to the S.0.'s office at the same time as submitting the final reports or as directed by the S.O. It can be expected that only non-cohesive or residual soil samples need be preserved as "record samples". The cost of provision of these samples shall be deemed to be included in the bills for obtaining the disturbed/undisturbed samples. s17-19(JKR/SPJ/2013-S17) TABLE 17.3.1 - MASS OF SOIL SAMPLE REQUIRE FOR VARIOUS LABORATORY TESTS Purpose of sample Soil Mass of sample require ‘Soil identification including Clay, silt, sand 1 Atterberg limits, sieve - , analysis, moisture content |__Fine & medium gravel 5 and supphate content test Coarse gravel 30 ‘Compaction tests All 25 to 80 Comprehensive Clay, silt, sand 100 examination of construction | = . Seas eel at Fine & medium gravel 130 stabilization Coarse gravel 160 817-20(JKR/SPJ/2013-S17) 17.4 FIELD TESTING 174A 174.2 17.4.3 Standard Penetration Test (SPT) SPT shall be carried out in accordance with, MS 1056: Part 9: Clause 5.4, "Determination of the penetration resistance using the split-barrel sampler’, using a self-tripping hammer as stipulated in the test procedure. In general it shall be carried out in all types of soil except the very soft and soft clays. If the SPT-N less than 4 are consistently encountered, the S.O shall be Notified for further instructions. Generally the test shall be carried out at 1.5 m intervals unless otherwise instructed by the S.O. The value of penetration resistance N, as defined in the Malaysian Standard shall be reported together with the number of blow counts for each 75 mm penetration of the sampling tube in bracket. The blow counts for the first 150 mm penetration (the seating drive) which do not contribute to the value of N shall also be included in the bracket. Two examples are N = 42 (2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 19) and N = 50/100 mm (28, 30, 35, 15/25 mm). Using standard blows the seating drive shall be a penetration of 150mm or 25 blows whichever is first reached. The number of blows required for a further penetration of 300mm is the test drive and is termed the penetration resistance (SPT-N). The soil sample recovered from the split-barrel tube shall be preserved as a disturbed sample for subsequent testing. Record sample shall be provided when directed by the S.0. The cost for the preservation of sample, transportation to the laboratory and provision of record sample shall be deemed to be included in the bills for carrying out the Standard Penetration Test. Dynamic Probing Test (DPT) The dynamic probing test shall consist of a 90 degree cone as described in MS 1056: Part9: Clause 5.2. The driving mechanism and apparatus shall follow MS 1056: Part9: Clause 5.3.4.3: Table 1. The result consists of a plot showing the number of blows of the hammer to drive the cone each 100mm in depth and the values of the torque (Nm) at specified intervals. Field Vane Test (FVT) Vane tests shall be carried out in accordance with MS 1056: Part9: Clause 6.5 “Determination of in-situ vane shear strength of weak intact cohesive soils’. In general it shall be carried out in very soft to stiff non-fissured cohesive soils, and at 1.0m to 1.5m interval as instructed by the S.O.. Each 817-211744 (IKRISPJ/2013-S17) operation shall include the determination of both the undisturbed and remoulded strength and its sensitivity. The equipment shall follow the requirement of MS 1056: Part 9: Clause 6.5. The torque measuring instrument shall consist of an apparatus in which the mechanism is rotated by a worm and pinion where the worm is driven by a hand wheel. The minimum diameter of the field vane shall be 50.0mm. For test in soft clays, SPT less than 4, minimum vane diameter shall be 63.5mm. The full operation of the field vane test shall include the taking of a representative disturbed sample after the completion of the shearing operation with a split-barrel sampler or otherwise. The gauges used for the measurement of strength shall be calibrated regularly, at least once a year. Calibration certificates from an acceptable standards agency shall be given to the S.0. and a copy made available for the S.0.'s inspection. Any gauge calibrated more than 1 year earlier shall not be allowed to be used. ‘Static Cone Penetration Test (CPT)/ Piezocone (CPTu) This method covers the determination of the resistance of soils in situ to the continuous penetration at a slow uniform rate of a series of push rods having a cone at the base, and measuring continuously or at selected depth intervals the penetration resistance of the cone and, if required, the local friction resistance on a friction sleeve and pore pressure in the vicinity of the cone and sleeve in accordance with MS 1056: Part 9: Clause 5.2 “Determination of the penetration resistance using the fixed 60 degree cone and friction sleeve (static cone penetration test CPT)’ The plant used shall be of an approved type with a vertical thrust capacity of 200kN. In general, measurement of cone resistance, friction resistance and total friction shall be taken at 0.25 m interval up to the depth 5 meters and at 0.5m interval for depths greater than 5 meters. Sounding can be considered to be complete when the total resistance exerted on the rods exceeds 50 KN or when the cone resistance exceeds 30 MN/m? unless instructed otherwise. When instructed by the S.O. sounding shall be continued when the total resistance exerted on the rod exceeds 90 KN with the use of a friction reducer. In such a case, only the cone resistance needs to be measured and the operation shall be stopped when the cone resistance reaches 30 MNim? Cones with electrical recording mechanism which measures cone resistance, local friction and pore water pressure can be used. The cone 817-22(JKRISPJ/2013-S17) shall incorporate a filter and transducer for the instantaneous measurement of pore water pressure, The filter used to measure pore water pressure shall be located between the cone and the friction sleeve. The filter shall be of the same external diameter as the friction sleeve, and shall be approved by S.O. The fitter shall be saturated in a desired silicon oil or similar approved liquid and the same liquid shall be used to fil the space within the cone between the filter and the pore pressure transducer. The use of ceramic filter elements and/or water as the saturating liquid will not be permitted unless approved by the 8... A new filter shall be used for each test and shall be fitted onto the cone within a reservoir of the same liquid used to saturate the filter. Monitoring and recording equipment shall be capable of providing the following records of the measured parameters during the execution of the tests: - (2) A continuous or quasi-continuous record of all measured parameters stored in CD-ROM to be used for eventual production of the final plots. (b) An instantaneous pen plot or graphical display of at least three measured parameters, cone resistance, local friction and pore water pressure, (ce) Abhard copy of measured numerical parameters recorded at intervals of 100mm or less. The equipment shall have the capability of reading to the following minimum values: - (2) Cone: 0.01Mpa (b) Local friction: 0.1kPa (©) Pore water pressure 1kPa (d) _ Inclination: 1.0 Degree (e) Ground temperature readings: 1.0 Degree Dissipation tests shall be carried out at locations and depths to be decided by the S.O. where penetration of the piezocone shall be stopped and excess pore water pressure allowed to dissipate. During these periods, loading on the sounding tubes shall be removed. Dissipation of excess pore Pressure shall be recorded on a time scale. In addition to any graphical plots, numerical values of pore water pressure shall be recorded at least at the following times after ceasing penetration: 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50 and 60 minutes. It is expected that a one hour period of dissipation will generally be sufficient, 817-2317.4.5 17.46 (IKRISPJ/2013-S17) but this period may be altered by the S.O. to suit the ground conditions encountered. All load cells, data logger and dial gauges shall be calibrated no longer than 6 months before the start of the site work and approved by the S.0.. JKR or Mackintosh Probes (MP) The apparatus used shall be the standard JKR probe or the normal Mackintosh probe. Details of the JKR probe are as per MS 2038: 2006: Clause 5.3.2.2. ‘The resistance shall be recorded at 0.30m intervals and probing shall only be stopped when the resistance has reached 400blows / 300mm penetration or the depth has reached 15.0 metres, whichever is reached earlier, unless directed otherwise by the S.0. Groundwater Level Observation During SI Field Work The observation of groundwater level in all types of boreholes shall be made with a tape, rod, dip meter or rule that permits measurements with 50mm accuracy. In a cased borehole, before a day's work is completed, the casing shall be pulled up about 0.30m and left in such position overnight. The groundwater level shall be recorded early in the morning and the next day. The recording shall be repeated daily while boring for any particular borehole is in progress. In boreholes involving impervious stratum, or whenever directed by the S.O., the casing shall be capped overnight by the Contractor to prevent the entry of rainwater and surface water. In hand auger holes the groundwater level shall be recorded early in the morning on the next day after the auger hole is completed. For the purpose ‘of such groundwater level observation, holes shall be suitably covered and protected from the entry of rainwater and surface water once they are completed. If the sides of the holes have collapsed overnight, the “apparent” depth of the hole shall also be recorded. At least one observation of the groundwater level and “apparent” depth of auger holes, if applicable, is necessary for all hand auger holes. In hand auger holes, the depth where water first appears in the holes during augering operation shall also be recorded. 817-24(JKRISPJ/2013-S17) 17.4.7 Ground Water Observation for Long Term Monitoring 17.4.7.1 Measurement Accuracy The observation of ground level water level in all types of boreholes shall be made with a tape, rod, rule or dip meter that permits measurements with an accuracy of plus or minus 25 mm. 17.4.7.2 Eirst Encounter For boreholes advanced without use of drilling fluid and when water is first encountered, the depth from ground level to point of entry shall be recorded and exploratory hole operations stopped. The depth from ground level to water shall then be recorded at § minute intervals until no further rise is observed. However, if at the end of the period of 20 minutes the water level is stil rising, unless otherwise instructed by the S.O., this shall be recorded together with the depth to water below ground level and the exploratory hole shall then be continued. If casing is used and this forms a seal against the entry of ground water, the Contractor shall record the depth at which no further entry or only icant infitration of water occurs. Where applicable every effort shall be made to seal off each water strike. Where ground water occurs as a slow seepage into the exploratory hole, the point of entry of the seepage shall be recorded and water levels monitored as specified above. 17.4.7.3 Subsequent Encounter When further changes in water levels occur such as when lower water tables are found after upper water tables have been sealed off by the casing, 17.4.7.4 Beginning and End of Shift For all types of cased boreholes, before a day's work is completed the casing shall be pulled up by about 0.30m and left in such a position overnight. The ground water level shall be recorded as the last operation of the day and the first operation on the following day's boring. The recordings shall be repeated daily whilst boring for any particular borehole is in progress. The casing shall be capped overnight by the Contractor in such a way as to prevent the entry of rainwater and surface water but allow a free passage of air into the casing. In a hand auger hole the groundwater level shall be recorded immediately after the hole is completed and during early morning the following day. For the purpose of such groundwater level observations, holes shall be 817-25(JKRISPU/2013-S17) suitably covered and protected from the entry of rainwater and surface water once they are completed. If the sides of the hole have collapsed overnight, the "apparent" depth of the hole shall be recorded. At least one observation of the groundwater level and the "apparent" depth of auger hole, if applicable, is necessary for all hand auger holes. 17.4.8 Standpipe Piezometers 17.4.8.1 Scope ‘Standpipe piezometers shall be installed in boreholes at locations shown on the Drawings or as instructed by the S.O. The final details of any piezometer installation shall be decided by the S.O. and will be dependent upon the actual subsoil and ground water conditions found. 17.4.8.2 Piezometer Tip and Tubing The piezometer tip shall consist of a porous ceramic element or other suitable element not less than 150.0mm long with a diameter not less than 40 mm, and shall be protected at each end by unplasticised polyvinyichloride (UPVC) fittings. The ceramic shall have a pore diameter of the order of 60 microns and a permeability of the order of 3 x 10“ mis. The tube shall be jointed together to the porous element with approved couplings and glue in such a manner that the joint remains leak proof under the anticipated head. 17.4.8.3 Grouting A grout of cement and bentonite in the proportions of 1:4 shall be used. If water in the exploratory hole is contaminated by grout it shall be replaced by clean water, the method being to the approval of the S.0. 1748.4 Sand Filter The sand filter surround to the porous element shall be clean and fall wholly between the limits of grading 1200 and 210 microns and the volume of sand filter placed shall be recorded. The Contractor's arrangements shall ensure that no sand adheres to the soil in the sides of the borehole. Where there is water in the borehole the contractor shall allow sufficient time for all the sand to settle. The final level of the top of this sand shall be recorded. The porous element shall be placed in the hole and the remaining sand filter shall then be added as described above. 817-26(JKRISPJ/2013-S17) 17.4.8.5 Surface Installation The top of the UPVC tubing shall be covered by a plastic cap or similar as approved by the S.0. An air vent shall be provided. Arrangement to protect the top of the UPVC tubing shall consist of a steel water barrel of 75mm diameter which shall be set in concrete. 17.4.8.6 Water Level 17.49 The ground water level shall be recorded immediately before and after installation of the piezometer. Before readings are taken the piezometer shall be filled with water and its correct functioning demonstrated to the S.0.. Each piezometer shall be clearly and permanently labeled with a metal stamp or tag giving the exploratory hole a reference number. During the site operations the Contractor shall record the ground water level in standpipe piezometers. Hand Auger Holes Hand auger holes should be carried out with an auger of approved design to MS 2038: 2006: Clause 4.2.4 "Hand Auger Boring". The auger stem shall be of a design whereby thin-walled tube sampler can be fitted at the auger end to obtain the undisturbed samples. The minimum diameter of the holes ‘shall be 100.0mm. No casing needs to be provided for hand auger holes. It shall be stopped when the sides of the hole start to collapse or when the resistance to augering is so great that the auger cannot be advanced with the force of 2 healthy workers of average Malaysian physique. It is not to be expected to ‘auger more than 7.5meters. Where augering is obstructed within 1.5m depth from ground surface due to roots, rock boulder or any other obstruction, a new hole shall be sunk, offset approximately 6m from the previous boring location. Augering at the offset hole shall terminate at the specified depth or at a shallower depth if obstructions are again encountered At all auger holes where penetration to required depth cannot be achieved due to hard strata or rock being encountered, probing at the bottom of the auger hole by means of the Mackintosh/JKR Probe in accordance with MS 2038 : 2006 : Clause 4.5 shall be carried out. Probing shall continue to a depth of 15.0 m below ground surface level unless a resistance of 400 blows/0.3m of penetration is encountered earlier. Disturbed samples recovered from the auger shall be collected at 1.50 metres interval or when there is a change of the material encountered. The samples shall be preserved according to MS 2038: 2006: Clause 3.4. The cost of disturbed sampling is deemed to be included in the bill for hand augering ‘817-27(JKR/SPJ/2013-S17) The sampler shall be pushed into the soil with the body weight of the operators or with the use of hydraulic forces. Light dynamic tapping of the tube may be allowed with the prior approval of the S.O. Any use of dynamic force shall be noted and reported. 17.4.10 Field Permeability Tests Field permeability tests shall be carried out in accordance with MS 2038: 2006: Clause 5.2.4. 17.4.1 Plate Loading Tests Plate bearing tests shall be carried out in accordance with MS 2038: 2006: Clause 6.2: “Determination of the vertical deformation and strength characteristics of soil by the plate loading test". 817-28(JKR/SP/2013-S17) 17.5 LABORATORY TESTING 175A 17.5.2 17.5.3 1754 ‘Scope of Laboratory Testing The scope of laboratory testing shall be confirmed by the S.O. after studying the field borelogs submitted by the Contractor within 3 days. Tests allowed for in the Bill of Quantities/Drawings, etc. is strictly provisional. Testing Standard The relevant testing standard used, unless otherwise stated, is MS 1056: 2005 "Soils for civil engineering purposes". The reference tests numbers indicated in the Bill of Quantities/Schedule of Rates refer to the same test number in this standard. The duration of soaking for CBR samples shall be 4 days. The permeability test for granular soils shall follow the procedure in MS 1056: 2005 or MS 2038: 2006 Table 10 pp 162 "Permeability of granular soils (constant head)". For the unconfined compression tests, the equivalent method in MS 1056: 2005 or MS 2038: 2006 Table 10 pp 160 “Unconfined compressive strength of cohesive soils" shall be used when the normal compression is used instead of the portable unit. For the three types of special consolidated triaxial compression test, namely undrained with or without pore water pressure measurement, and drained with a suitable back pressure, the methods to be followed shall be those in "The measurement of soil properties in the triaxial test” by A.W. Bishop and D.J. Henkel, E.L.B.S. 1969 Edition. Soil Classification System Soil samples shall be classified according to the MS 1056: Part 2: 2005 Classification Test and MS 2038: 2006 Site Investigation - Code of Practice, Malaysian Standard. The visual-manual description of soils shall be in accordance with MS 1056: Part 2: 2005 Classification Test and MS 2038: 2006 Site Investigation - Code of Practice. Units to be used The units used shall be in S.l. and as given in the relevant testing standards. Measurement accuracy required shall also follow that of the testing standards, 817-2917.5.5 17.5.6 (JKR/SP/2013-S17) Testing Standard The relevant testing standards and the additional testing requirements for all the testing shall be as specified in Table 17.5.1 — Testing Standards & Additional Testing Requirement. Information Required In addition to the information required by the relevant specified standards, additional information as listed in Table 17.5.1 shall be submitted with the results of all tests referred to in the Specification and Bill of Quantities. When strength and consolidation tests have been scheduled on the samples, the Contractor shall describe in detail the specimen before testing. This is to include any surface features on the material i.e. sandy Pocket, relict joint, mineral lineation, foliation, Fe straining, veins, fossils and stress relief cracks. This information shall be reported with the result of the test. ‘As and when required by the S.O., photographs of the samples shall be taken and/or sample to be logged. 817-30(JKRISPJ/2013-S17) Table 17.5.1 - TESTING STANDARDS AND ADDITIONAL TESTING REQUIREMENTS Test Item | (with Standards and Additional Testing ‘Adalitiona} Information tobe Requirement ) 1 | GENERAL a. Tobe submitted for all tests b. The definitions and all requirements in MS 1056: 2005: Part 4 where Testing Requirement appropriate shall apply together with the following test. CLASSIFICATION TESTS : a. Moisture Content - MS 1056: 2005 : Part 2 Clause 4.0 b. Liquid limit, plastic limit and plastic index - MS 1056: 2005: Part 2 Clause 5.0 and 6.0 = Liquid limit to be carried out in natural state or of a sample of soil from which material retained on a 425ym has been removed by manual selection or by wet sieving as specified in MS 1056: 2005: Part 2 Clause 10.2 c. Linear shrinkage - MS 1056: 2005: Part 2 Clause 7.5 d. Particle size distribution - for cohesionless and coarse grain soils MS 1056: 2005: Part 2 Clause 10.0 - for coarse sand to clay size (about 2mm) MS 1056: 2005: Part 2 Clause 10.0 817-31 testing standard and method used note on any unavoidable variation from standard procedure with reasons contract title and reference number exploratory hole number and sample number date of testing depth of sample / specimen description of specimen, including fabric and structure comment on any unusual test results natural moisture content of the sample to indicate on natural state or wet sieving and method of testing (Clause) used natural moisture content of sample result shall be clearly plotted as measured data point, joined by fine straight lines method of testing (Clause) used(JKRISPJ/2013-S17) Test (with Standards and Additional Testing Requirement ) Additional Information to be submitted e. Particle Density - MS 1056: 2005: Part 2 Clause 9.0 - For soils consisting of particle finer than 2mm, MS 1056: 2005: Part 2 Clause 9.3 is to be used - For highly organic soils and soils containing soluble salts, kerosene or white spirit may replace water f. Bulk Density - MS 1056: 2005: Part 2 Clause 8 = method of testing (Clause) used = in mg/m? and / or kN/m? (to nearest one decimal place) CHEMICAL TEST : a. Determination of organic matter content - MS 1056: 2005; Part 3 Clause 4.0 b. Mass loss on ignition - MS 1056: 2005: Part 3 Clause 5.0 ©. Total Sulphate Content of Soil - MS 1056: 2005: Part 3 Clause 6.0 - When total sulphate content exceeds 0.3% of the dry weight of soil, a2: 1 water : soil extract must be prepared and sulphate content predetermined in accordance to item (d) d. Sulphate content of ground water and aqueous soil extracts - MS 1056: 2005: Part 3 Clause 6.0 - Preparation of 2 : 1 water : soil extract shall follow MS 1056: 2005: Part 3 Clause 6.5.4.2 e. pH value - MS 1056: 2005: Part 3 Clause 10.0 f. Chloride Content of groundwater - MS 1056: 2005: Part 3 Clause 8.0 g. Carbonate Content - MS 1056: 2005: Part 3 Clause 7.0 where relevant - where applicable the organic matter shall be identified and the degree of humification based on von Post scale to be indicated - asin item (a) - as in item (a) 817-32(KR/SPJ/2013-S17) Test (with Standards and Additional Testing Requirement ) Additional Information to be submitted COMPACTION RELATED TEST : a. Dry Density/Moisture Content Relationship (2.5kg hammer) > MS 1056: 2005: Part 4 Clause 4.3 for sample passing a 20mm test sieve or - MS 1056: 2005: Part 4 Clause 4.4 for soil with some coarse gravel size particle - At least 2 measured points either side of ‘optimum - Fresh sample to be used for each moisture content b. Dry Density / Moisture Content Relationship ( 4.5kg hammer ) + MS 1056: 2005: Part 4 Clause 3.4 for sample passing a 20mm test sieve or ~ MS 1056: 2005 Part 4 Clause 3.5 soil with some coarse gravel size particle or - Atleast 2 measured points either side of optimum - fresh sample to be used for each moisture content ¢. Determination of maximum density of sands - MS 1056: 2005 : Part 4 Clause 5.2 d. Determination of maximum density of gravely soil ~ MS 1056: 2005 ; Part 4 Clause 5.2 @. Moisture Condition Value (MCV) of soil at its natural moisture content - MS 1056: 2005: Part 4 Clause 6.4 f. MCV/moisture content relationship - MS 1056: 2005: Part 4 Clause 6.5 0% , 3% and 5% air voids line based on measured particle density sample description natural moisture content and Atterberg limit tabulation of moisture content, wet density and dry density as in item (a) Agraph showing the change in penetration of the hammer, plotted against log of the number of blows for each ‘specimen MCV determined from the graph reported to the nearest 0.1 units moisture content of each specimen plot of MCV against moisture content 817-33(JKRISPJI2013-S17) Test (with Standards and Additional Testing Requirement ) Additional Information to be submitted 4, |g. California Bearing Ratio (CBR) - MS 1056; 2005: Part 4 Clause 8.0 h. CBR /dry density/moisture content relations! - MS 1056: 2005: Part 4 Clause 4.0, 5.0, 6.0 or 8.0 whichever is specified or appropriate = compaction will be in CBR mould - at least 2 measured points either side of optimum - fresh sample to be used for each moisture content CBR value to nearest whole number top and bottom mass of surcharge used moisture content for top, center and bottom of sample after soaking if soak, time of soaking and swelling recorded dry density after compaction undrained shear strength of sample after CBR testing in accordance with MS 1056: 2005: Part 7 Clause 9.0 when specified as in item (a) 5. | COMPRESSIBILITY, PERMEABILITY AND DURABILITY TESTS : a. One-dimensional consolidation (standard) - MS 1056: 2005: Part 5 Clause 4.0 minimum 7 loading and 2 unloading stages, 24 hours per loading stage - Graph of settlement against both square-root time and logarithm time shall be used to assess consolidation characteristic initial and final moisture content, void and degree of saturation initial dimension and measured particle density tabulation of void ratio (e), compression index (C.) and preconsolidation pressure (Pc) in kN/m?, coefficient of, consolidation (C,) in m*/yr, and coefficient of volume compressibility (M,) in m’/MN, coefficient of secondary compression and the permeability (m/sec) for each loading stage 817-34(JKRISPJ/2013-S17) Test tem | (with Standards and Additional Testing | ‘*itional Information to be Requirement ) 6. graph of coefficient of . One dimensional consolidation (rapid loading) - Head, Vol. 2 : 1982 - loading stages to be specified = graph of settlement against both square- root time and logarithm time shall be used to assess consolidation characteristic One-dimensional consolidation (single increment) - Head, Vol. 2 : 1982 - loading pressure to be specified i. Swelling and collapse characteristic -MS 1056: 2005: Part 5 Clause 7.0 . Dispersibility - MS 1056: 2005: Part 5 Clause 7.0 Constant Head Permeability Test - MS 1056: 2005: Part 5 Clause 6.0 consolidation (C,) in m?/yr against logarithm of mean consolidation pressure graph of void ratio (@), compression index (C.), coefficient of secondary compression and also Permeability (k) in m/sec swelling index (Cs) plastic and liquid limit of specimen as described in MS 1056: 2005: Part 2 Clause 5.0 & 6.0 as in item (a) where applicable initial and final moisture content, void ratio and degree of saturation initial dimensions and measured particle density liquid and plastic limit of specimen graph of settlement and swelling against logarithm of time coefficient of secondary compression as in item (a) where appropriate indicate change in void ratio or height due to saturation on the plot of void ratio or compression against log pressure 817-35(JKRISPJ/2013-S17) Test tem | (with Standards and Additional Testing | ‘ditional Information to be Requirement ) 6. | STRENGTH TESTING : (I) DIRECT SHEAR TEST : a. Laboratory vane test ~ for soft to firm cohesive soil - MS 1056; 2005: Part 7 Clause 5.0 b. Standard drained shear box test - ona set of 3 specimens of cohesionless soil - Angle of shear resistance ¢. Drained strength and Residual strength Shear box test ~ on set of 3 specimens of cohesive soil ~ peak and residual strength (I)COMPRESSION TESS (TOTAL STRESS): ‘a. Unconfined compression test - MS 1056: 2005: Part 7 Clause 8.0 b. Undrained Triaxial compression without the measurement of pore water pressure = MS 1056: 2005: Part 7 Clause 9.0 carried out on either a set of 3 x 38mm or 50mm or 70mm diameter test specimens, whichever is specified c. Undrained Triaxial compression without the measurement of pore water pressure (multistage test on a single specimen) - MS 1056: 2005: Part 7 Clause 8.0 calibration data and graph of vane size of vane used shear strength in kN/m? dimension of test specimen condition of specimen (e.g. undisturbed or recompacted) and method of preparation initial bulk density, moisture content, dry density rate of displacement plot of vertical measurement and shear stress against strain shear stress (kPa) as ordinates against horizontal displacement (mm) coulomb envelope for peak and residual strength as in item (b) where ‘appropriate the average shear strength in kNN/m2 Mohr circle stress diagrams Stress-strain curves of each specimen, type of failure of each specimen (plastic, brittle or compound) Rate of strain, percent per minute (based on the rate of drive of the machine ignoring the stiffness of the measuring system) as in item (b) above 817-36(JKRISPJ/2013-S17) Test tem | (with Standards and Additional Testing | ‘*itional Information to be Requirement ) 6. | (lll) COMPRESSION TEST (EFFECTIVE STRESS) a. Consolidated Undrained Triaxial Compression with Pore Water Pressure Measurement ~ MS 1056: 2005: Part 8 Clause 9.0 ~ carried out on either a set of 3 x 38mm, 50mm or 70mm diameter test specimens whichever is specified consolidation stage to be continued until 98% is reached - rate of shearing to be calculated based ‘on 100% from pore water pressure dissipé b. Consolidated Drained Triaxial compression with measurement of volume change - MS 1056; 2005: Part 8 Clause 10.0 - Carried out on either a set of 3 x 38mm, ‘50mm or 70mm diameter test specimens, whichever is specified ~ Consolidation stage to be continued until 98% is reached - Rate of shearing to be calculated base ‘on 100 from pore water pressure dissipation SPECIAL TES” a. Pore Water Extraction and Salinity Test, ASTM : Designation D4542-85 b. Clay Mineralogy by X-ray Diffraction - Zussman, J. Chpt. 6 in Physical Methods in Determination Mineralogy, 1967 steer and excess pore water pressure against strain (%) plot cell pressure against pore water pressure plot volume change against square root time plot Mohr circle of effective stress and total stress on a single plot Stress path for effective stress Sit’ on a single plot with same vertical and horizontal scale value of total and effective shear strength and angle of internal friction as in item (a) above sample description salinity in giitre sample description percentage of mineral type Kaolinite, Montmorillonite, Ilite, Vermiculite and antrastratified Mont.-lite X-ray diffactograms 817-37(JKR/SPJ/2013-S17) Test (with Standards and Additional Testing Requirement ) Additional Information to be submitted ROCK AND AGGREGATE TESTING : a, Natural Water Content of rock core ‘specimens - Rock characterization, Testing and Monitoring, “Editor : ET Brown, Part 2, International Society for Rock Mechanics ‘Suggested Methods : 1981 b. Dry Density of Rock Core Specimens = same as in item (a) ¢. Point Load of Rock Core Specimens - "Suggested Method for Determining Point Load Strength’. International Journal of Rock Mechanics, Mining Science and Geomechanics Abstract Vol. 22, No. 2 Page 51-60 (1985) 4d, Direct Tensile Strength of Rock Core ‘Specimens ASTM : Designation : D 2936-84 e. Uniaxial Compressive Strength with or without deformation modules of rock core specimens f. Splitting Tensile Strength of Rock Core Specimens - ASTM : Designation : D 3967 - 86 g. Minimum Index Density and Calculation of Relative Density - ASTM : Designation : D 4254 - 63 h. Petrographical Examination - ASTM : Designation : C 295 i, Slake Durability - ASTM : Designation : D 4644 - 87 j. Determination of Particle Densities and Water Absorption of Aggregate = BS 812 : Part 108 : 1990 = Method of testing = Method of testing = Method of testing - specimen dimension and density = loading rate (kN/min) = compressive strength in KN/m? or MNimm? - value of Young's Modulus and Poisson's Ratio if specified + stress and Poisson's ratio against strain plot = Method of testing 817-38(IKRISPJ/2013-S17) Test tem | (with Standards and Additional Testing | <*itional Information to be Requirement ) 8. Determination of Bulk Density, Voids and |- Method of testing Bulking of Aggregates - BS 812: Part 108 : 1990 Determination of Moisture Content of Aggregates - BS 812 : Part 109 : 1990 |. Determination of Aggregate grading - BS 812: Part 103: 1990 |. Determination of Particle Shape (Flakiness index) ~ BS 812: Part 110: 1990 . Determination of Aggregate Crushing Value (ACV) - BS 812 : Part 110: 1990 . Ten Percent fines value - BS 812 : Part 111 : 1990 |. Los Angeles abrasion value - ADTM : Designation : C131 Determination of polished stone value - BS 812: Part 114: 1990 Determination of Soundness - BS 812 : Part 121 : 1990 - Method of testing - Method of testing - Method of testing - Method of testing = Method of testing = Method of testing = Method of testing = Method of testing 817-39(JKR/SPJ/2013-S17) 17.6 REPORTING OF RESULT 17.6.1 Submission of Preliminary Field Log Field logs recorded during field operations describing the operations undertaken by the personnel at site are essential for deciding on further tests as appropriate conclusions/interpretations of the boreholesisite are derived from the field logs. Geographical descriptions of the site must be clearly recorded so that it can be readily located at a later date. Existing features, nearby landmarks, details of what was standing at the time of investigation must be recorded. Relative levels of the location and its surroundings must be noted as this may be useful during the analysis of the S! works that has been carried out. Standard formats for recording are encouraged and no recording is to be done on scraps. Usage of IT gadgets to record data is encouraged, but usage of standard format and symbols/legends described in MS 2038: 2006 must be strictly adhered to. Upon completion of a borehole, the field log of that particular borehole can be transmitted electronically to the relevant personnel directly. Separate field report forms are required for the following common operations: - (a) Cable percussion boring (b) Rotary drilling (coring, open holing or percussive) (©) Trial and inspection pits (d) Vane shear test (e) Permeability tests (variable head, constant head, packer injection or pumping) () Penetrometers (static CPT, dynamic, piezoncone, seismic) (g) _Pressuremeters (Menard, self-boring, dilatometer) (h) In-situ density (i) Overwater investigations by vibrocoring or grab sampling @) Calibration certificates and quality assurance records The Preliminary Field Log/Journal upon completion of the field works and its factual findings report must be submitted as soon as possible to the Designer. Its content must be truthful, faithful and based on actual fact findings on site. Basic information of the project must be displayed, such as: 817-40(JKRISPJI2013-817) (a) Contract Title/Project Name (b) Contractor's Name (c) Exploratory Hole, sounding, or field test reference number, location coordinates, chainage, ground level and offset) and diameter or size (d) Dates of exploration referred to the depth at the end of each working day or shift (dates and times of work) {e) Equipment(s) used (type, make and model of deep sounding/boring machine, type and size of casing and rods, details of cones and rods in deep sounding, depth of casing) (f) Details of services or drains located (g) Data on the stability of the Exploratory Hole and details of casing/shoring used related to progress (h) Names of personnel involved such as drilling operator(s), supervisor and geologist(s) (i) Results of in-situ testing or sampling, recovery ratios, visual - manual description of soil or rock, groundwater level observation, reduced level, bearing tests, permeability tests and other remarks @) A copy of the site plan/location plan where the position of investigation is indicated {k) Location, sampling & testing shall be supported with relevant photograph In compliance with the Geological Survey Act (Act 129), a copy of the Final Report must be submitted to the Mineral and Geoscience Department of Malaysia by the S| Contractor. The instruction for laboratory testing, whenever applicable, shall be issued by the S.0. only after receipt of such preliminary field log. It is thus the responsibility of the Contractor to submit the log as soon as possible. As a guide to the Contractors in their compliance with the time of completion, it may be assumed that the first instruction on laboratory testing shall be issued within 3 working days, or maximum 5 working days (subject to S.0. approval) after receiving the preliminary field log of each borehole for the project. Subsequent instructions for laboratory testing shall be promptly issued when preliminary field logs of additional boreholes are received and the last instruction shall be issued within 3 working days, or maximum 5 working days (subject to S.O. approval) after receiving the preliminary field log of the last borehole. 817-4117.6.2 17.6.3 17.6.4 (JKR/SPJ/2013-S17) Submission of Final Reports The final report shall be in A4 size soft copy and six (6) hard copies (binded). Prints of all drawings as described in Clause 17.6.3 and 17.6.4 of this Specification shall be included in all the 6 copies. For Contract Works, the Date of Completion shall be taken as the date when the Final Reports are submitted to and accepted by the S.O. Detail Drawings ‘The drawings shall be in standard A1 size of an approved font size with a title block of proper dimension at the lower right-hand corner. A summary of test results and the locations of testing shall be presented in the drawings. The site location plan shall be provided for all types of investigation works with the location of testing indicated. The temporary bench marks used for the reduced levels shall be marked and described in the site location plan. Reference points used in the setting out of the locations of investigation shall also be indicated on the plan. For deep boring or hand augering, the final borelog shall be presented in the drawings, with a suitable summary of the field and laboratory test results such as SPT, vane shear, Atterberg Limits, natural moisture content, soil classification grouping, sieving results in terms of gravel/sand/silt/clay content, cohesion/friction angle and groundwater level. The preferred order of plotting is depth (including groundwater level), legend, soil description, soil group classified according to MS 2038: 2006 Section 7 and Section 8 for field test result and laboratory tests result. The recommended scale for depth is 1:100 for deep boring. In addition to the above, the Contractor shall fumish a Summary Report of the boreholes/hand augers together with the associated laboratory tests results. For deep sounding, the cone resistance, friction resistance and total friction shall be plotted against depth on the same drawing. The raw data of the cone resistance, friction resistance and total friction shall be exported to EXCEL format or others subject to S.O. approval. The size of the cones, rods, tubes and friction jacket shall be indicated on the drawings. The recommended scale for depth is 1:100. JKR or Mackintosh Probe (MP) results need to be plotted in the drawings if required S.O. by the 8.0. / Designer. Details Required in the Final Report All data in the Final Report shall not be used or reproduced by unauthorized person(s) without obtaining prior written permission of the authorized owner. The original Scope of Works provided by the S.0. prior 817-42(JKR/SPJ/2013-817) to the S.|. works being carried out must be included in the Final Report. Any variation(s) to the original Scope of Works must also be attached. For deep boring, the final field log to be included in the ordinary reports shall contain all information listed for the preliminary field log as stipulated in Clause 17.6.1. However, the soil description presented in the preliminary field log shall be revised according to the laboratory test results and the amended description presented in the final field log. Appropriate items from the list for deep boring shall be included in the borelog for hand augering. For deep sounding, the log-sheet shall contain tabulated field gauge readings and results of cone resistance, friction resistance and total friction, together: the reduced levels. For JKR and Mackintosh Probes, the resistance in blows/300mm penetration shall be reported. Details of laboratory test results required as indicated in the Scope of Works to be included in report are given below: - (@) Moisture content: value only. (b) Atterberg limits: values only. (©) Linear shrinkage: value only. (d) Particles / Specific gravity: average value only. (e) Particle size distribution: semi-logarithmic chart of the type shown in Fig. 10, MS 1056: Part 2: 2005. A maximum of 3 curves (3 samples) of the same borehole are allowed on a single chart. (f) Compaction test (single moisture content): compaction energy, dry density and moisture content. (g) Detailed compaction tests (5 or more moisture contents): plot of dry density against moisture content, maximum dry density, optimum moisture content, classification results. (h) CBR test (single moisture content): CBR (soaked or/and unsoaked), moisture contents for the top and bottom of the sample. () CBR test (5 or more moisture contents): plot of CBR (soaked or/and unsoaked) against moisture content. () —_Unconfined compression test: unconfined compressive strength, strain at failure, moisture content and bulk density. (kK) Unconsolidated undrained triaxial compression test without pore- water pressure measurement (single specimen): bulk density, moisture content, cell pressure, maximum principal stress difference and mode of failure. 817-43(JKRISPJ/2013-S17) (1) Unconsolidated undrained triaxial compression test without pore- water pressure measurement (3 or more specimens): plot of Mohr circles and the failure envelope, cohesion, angle of shearing resistance. (m) Consolidated triaxial compression test of various types and others as directed by the S.0, (n) One-dimensional consolidation test : particles/specific gravity, initial and final bulk densities and moisture contents, compression index, ‘swelling index, preconsolidation pressure, plot of void ratio against the logarithm of applied pressure, tables of coefficient of cons¢ ion, initial compression ratios, primary compression ratios and secondary compression ratios against pressure increment, and also table of coefficient of volume compressibility against pressure increment. (0) Organic matter content: value only. (p) Total sulphate content: value only. (a) Sulphate content of ground water: value only. (rf) pH value : value only. (s) Constant head permeability test (MS 2038: 2006 Table 10 page 162 ‘or MS 1056: 2005 ) and plots of velocity against hydraulic gradient. In addition, the following test data shall also be included as indicated in the scope of work:- (a) Particle / Specific gravity: actual values of the two tests. (b) Particle size distribution: method used and table showing to the nearest 1% of the percentage of mass passing each sieve. (c) Compaction test: procedure used, i.e. single sample (repeated compaction) or separate samples. (4) CBR test: force penetration curve of force on the plunger against penetration. (e) Unconfined compression test: dimension of specimen, strain at failure, and the load against deflection test chart if a portable apparatus is used or the proper plot of stress against strain if a proper compression machine is used. (f) Unconsolidated undrained triaxial compression test without pore- water pressure measurement: dimension of specimen and plot of stress against strain. 817-44(9) (h) (JKRISPJ/2013-S17) Consolidated triaxial compression test of various types above and others as directed by the S.0. One-dimensional consolidation test - laboratory curves used in square root of time fitting method or the logarithm of time fitting method to determine the coefficient of consolidation shall be included. 817-45ISBN 978-967-5957-35-2 789675 957352