PREDISPOSING FACTORS

PRECIPITATING FACTORS

Asian ( Beta thalassemias are most

prevalent in the mediteranean
population)
Gender: Female ( Thalassmia
affects men and women equally)
Gene defect (Abnormal form of
hemoglobin decreased beta-globin
synthesis)
Fewer B-chains relative to Achains
Little HbA synthesis

Increase over all Hgb

synthesis cannot remedy Achains excess and B-chain
deficiency
Over production of A-chain

Increase HbA2 in blood

Blocked B-chain synthesis

Selected survival of
HbF cells

Increase
erythropoietin
production
Increase proliferation
of erythroid cells

Folate deficiency

Underproduction of
HbA
(Hypochromia:Hgb
Ineffective tissue
perfusion
Fatigue
Activity Intolerance
Risk for fall
Imbalance Nutrition :
less than body
ANEMIA

Excess of A-chain

Precipitation of
excess A-chains

In blood

Trapping in
RES
Hemolysis

Extramedullary
Hematopoiesis
(RBCs are made
outside femur and
thymus

In bone
marrow

Ineffective
erythropoiesi
s