Beyond what we can see

By: Warden Chen and Carlos Dominguez

Herschels Experiment
An experiment made to measure temperature of visible light with different
colors. During the experiment, he noticed that from purple to red the
temperature increased. However beyond the red there was a light with a
higher temperature than the ray of red light. This was called infrared, a light
that cannot be seen by the human eye.

Electromagnetic Spectrum
A term used by scientist to describe the complete range of light that
exist, and those can vary from radio waves to gamma rays.
It travel at the speed of light, C, 3.00 x 10^8 m/s
Electromagnetic waves all are arranged by frequency and wavelength.
A medium may slow down the speed of light

Relationship between energy, frequency,

and wavelength.
The greater the energy, the larger the frequency and a
shorter wavelength
Shorter wavelengths are more energetic.
Wavelength are corresponding points of a continuous
wave, and a represented by the symbol (Lamdba)
Frequency are the number of waves that pass a given
point on a period of time

Calculations for light frequency and

wavelength
Speed of Light:3.00 x 10^8 m/s= Frequency x wavelength
If given frequency or Wavelength, then divide the speed of light by given.

Calculation of Frequency and Wavelength by Plancks

Constant.
Equation: Energy= hf
H= Plancks Constant (6.626 x 10^-34 Js)
F= Frequency
By using this equation you will find either the energy
or frequency depending on the given.

Calculation the frequency of light

Calculate the frequency if red light with a wavelength of 650nm
3 x 10^8 m/s= F x 650nm
(3 x 10^8 m/s)(650nm)=F x 650nm/(650nm)
F= 4.63 x 10^5 Hz
Frequency of red light= 4.62 x 10^5 Hz
To find energy
E=hf
E= (6.626x 10^-34js)(4.62 x 10^5 Hz)
E= 3.06 x 10^-26

Calculation the frequency of light

Calculate the frequency of blue light with a wavelength of 475nm.
3.00 x 10^8 m/s = frequency x 475nm
(3.00 x 10^8 m/s)/(475nm) = frequency x (475nm)/(475nm)
F = 6.32 x 10^5 Hz
The frequency of blue light with a wavelength of 650nm is 6.32 x 10^5 Hz.
To Find Energy
E = hf
E = (6.626 x 10^-34 Js)(6.32 x 10^5 Hz)
E = 4.19 x 10^-28

Engineering connections
Problem: What is the amount of heat within the rays of blue, red, and
Infrared colors?
Research: Based on observation, the prism alters the flow of light creating
the light spectrum(rainbow).
Materials
Box
Thermometers with painted black tips.(Needs painted tips to insure
that more heat is absorbed into the thermometer)
Timer
Chart
Factors: Suns position, climate, and Prism light concentration.

Trials

Shade

Blue

Red

Infrared

Initial

35

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36

1 min

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2 min

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40

3 min

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41

4 min

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5 min

35

38

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6 min

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7 min

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8 min

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9 min

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10 min

35

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45

Change

Results
Thermometer with greatest difference:The thermometer measuring
infrared light changed the most.
Expectation:Expectation wasn't meet, we thought the the blue ray of light
would have the most change.
Problems encountered during the experiment: Thermometers were not
aligned, too much shade in the box making the prism not function properly .
Changes for next time: Align thermometers properly to get less skewed
results and perfect the box.
Summary: As we completed this experiment we noticed that the one with
the most change would be infrared, proving our prediction incorrect that the
one will be red.