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The way a verb forms its past
tense determines its
classification as regular or
irregular. A regular verb takes
the  or 
ending to denote
the past tense.
|rregular verbs do not take
the  or 
ending. They are
inflected in various other
ways to indicate past tense.



Yegular
believe ń believed
smile ń smiled

|rregular
run ń ran
eat ń ate
An irregular verb forms its past
and past participle by
£ changing vowels (run-- ranè
or consonants (buil  built)
£ or by changing vowels an
consonants (at ² augtè
£ or by making no changes (burst,
ostè
^

^  
 
pvery verb has four basic parts,
which are called its principal parts.
You must know all of these in order
to form the different tenses
correctly.
D^resent (aka |nfinitiveè
D^ast
D^resent ^articiple
D^ast ^articiple
^ 


 
existing or happening now

know to know
take to take
write to write
 ^ 
existed or happened in the past

knew
took
wrote
 ^ ^ 


The r
s
nt artiil
of a verb
always ends in ²ing.

knowing
taking
writing
 ^ ^ 


The ast artiil
of a verb
always requires a helping verb
(have, has, hadè.

had known
have taken
has written
 ^ 

^

 ^ ^
^ 


begin 1. __________ have begun
freeze 2. __________ have frozen
write wrote 3. _________
blow 4. __________ have blown
drive drove 5. _________
wear wore 6. _________
sing 7. __________ have sung
ride 8. __________ have ridden
 ^ 

^

 ^ ^^ 

begin 1. have begun

freeze 2. have frozen
write wrote 3.
blow 4. have blown
drive drove 5.
wear wore 6.
sing 7. have sung
ride 8. have ridden
 ^ 

^

 ^ ^
^ 


ïhoose ïhose 9. _________
go 10. _________ have gone
run 11. _________ have run
throw threw 12. ________
ïome ïame 13. ________
see saw 14. ________
speak 15. _________ have spoken
burst 16. _________ have burst
 ^ 

^

 ^ ^
^ 


ïhoose ïhose 9.
go 10. have gone
run 11. have run
throw threw 12.
ïome ïame 13.
see saw 14.
speak 15. have spoken
burst 16. have burst
 ^ 

^

 ^ ^
^ 


swim swam 17. ________
sink sank 18. ________
break 19. _________ have broken
bring 20. _________ have brought
 ^ 

^

 ^ ^
^ 



swim swam 17.

sink sank 18.
break 19. have broken
bring 20. have brought