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UZUALE DE LABORATOR
1997 Medical Information System Inc. 25 Horseshoe La., Stamford, CT 06903 USA
Fosfataza Alcalina:
Valoare Normala : 25 - 115 UI
Crescuta : Boli de Ficat - Cai biliare (obstructie canale biliare [calculi, cancer], colestaza
[nutritie totala parenterala, sepsis, antibiotice, medicamente], colecistita acuta, metastaze
hepatice, hepatita, CMV, Mononucleoza Infectioasa, Ciroza [biliara primara, alcoolica]),
Boli Osoase (metastaze osoase osteoblastice, cancer primitiv osos Paget, hiperparatiroidism
[primar sau secundar], fracturi n curs de vindecare, osteomalacie, ricketsi, poliartrita
reumatoida), pancreatita acuta, insuficienta cardiaca congestiva, sarcina / nastere, Cancer
(metastaze osoase / hepatice, mielom multiplu, leucemie), Medicamente (medicamente
colestatice, antibiotice, fenotiazide, estrogeni, contraceptive orale, indometacin, INH,
Metrotrexat), hipertiroidism, perforatie / infarct intestinal, sarcoidoza, sepsis.
Scazut : hipofosfatemie, hipotiroidism, malnutritie.
GGTP, GGT (gamma glutamil transpeptidaza / transferaza; specifica pentru patologia
hepatica, nu se gaseste n os, se coreleaza cu fosfataza alcalina)
Valoare Normala : 10 - 50 UI
Crescuta : boli hepatice, colestaza, Cancer (metastaze hepatice, hepatom, pancreatic),
Hepatita, icter obstructiv, traumatism hepatic, pancreatita acuta, hepatita alcoolica,
Medicamente (Dilatin, Fenobarbital), insuficienta cardiaca congestiva, sepsis, Sindrom
nefrotic, Mononucleoza Infectioasa.
TGO, GOT, AST (transaminaza glutamil oxaloacetica serica, aspartat aminotransferaza)
Valoare Normala : 0 - 40 UI
Crescuta : IMA, Boli hepatice (hepatita, staza, necroza, , colestaza, ciroza, obstructie biliara),
miocardita, insuficienta cardiaca congestiva, embolism / infarct pulmonar, traumatisme,
pancreatita acuta, boli musculatura scheletica, arsuri, anemie hemolitica, medicamente
(antibiotice, Mevacor, antihipertensive, contraceptive orale, Teofilina, INH), Mononucleoza
Infectioasa.
TGP, GPT, ALT (transaminaza glutamil piruvica, alanin aminotransferaza)
Valoare Normala : 0 - 40 UI
Crescuta : Boli hepatice (hepatita, ciroza, ficat de soc, insuficienta hepatica n stadii terminale,
necroza, staza, colestaza, cancer, obstructie biliara), pancreatita acuta, Medicamente
(Alopurinol, INH, Metotrexat, contraceptive orale, Fenitoina, Aspirina, Aldomet, Indocin,
Heparina, Antibiotice), insuficienta cardiaca congestiva, boli ale musculaturii scheletice,
Mononucleoza Infectioasa, soc, IMA, miocardita.
LDH (lactic dehidrogenaza)
Valoare Normala : 50 - 240 UI
Crescuta : IMA (vrf 3-4 zile postinfarct, LDH-1 este mai sensibila, LDH-1>LDH-2),
miocardita, insuficienta cardiaca congestiva, Anemie Hemolitica, hemoliza, infarct (pulmonar,
renal, intestinal), boli hepatice (hepatita, necroza), cancer, leucemie acuta, limfom, boli ale
musculaturii skeletice, AVC, soc caloric, necroza tisulara, transfuzii, Mononucleoza
Infectioasa.
Factori de risc pentru boala coronariana : vrsta (barbati > 44, femei > 54), fumat, HTA, HDL
< 35 mg/dl, diabet, antecedente familiale, Colest / HDL > 4.5
Crescuta : Hipercolesterolemie, Diabet zaharat, hipotiroidism, IMA, trimestrul 3 al sarcinii,
afectiuni biliare, colestaza, obstructie biliara, Sindrom Nefrotic, dieta bogata n colesterol,
sedentarism, obezitate, Hipercolesterolemie familiala, Hiperlipoproteinemii , Medicamente
(steroizi, contraceptive orale, fenotiazide, Fenitoina)
Scazut : malnutritie, hipertiroidism, boli hepatice, insuficienta hepatica, mielom multiplu,
malabsorbtie, anemie hemolitica, Medicamente (Niacina, Alopurinol, Colchicina, INH,
Mevacor, Pravachol, Cholestiramina, Zocor, Lescol, fibre)
Trigliceride,
Valori Normale : 30 -135 mg/dl sau 0.34 - 1.52 mmol/l
Crescute : Hiperlipoproteinemii primare (I-V), diabet zaharat, hipotiroidism, IMA, pancreatita
acuta, alcoolism (acut sau cronic), Sindrom Nefrotic, boli hepatice, dieta bogata n
lipide/glucide, guta, sarcina, Medicamente (sterorizi, estrogen, contraceptive orale, lipide
administrate intravenos), glicogenoze.
Scazute : malnutritie, malabsorbtie, hipertiroidism, medicamente ce scad trigliceridemia
LDL colesterol : Preferabil < 130 mg/dl, borderline - risc moderat 130 - 159 mg/dl, risc
crescut > 160 mg/dl; [LDL = colesterol total - TG/5 - HDL]
HDL colesterol : risc cardiac scazut > 45 mg/dl sau 1.16 mmol/l, risc cardiac crescut < 35
mg/dl sau 0.90 mmol/l
Crescut : sport regulat, aport moderat de alcool, Niacina
Scazut : fumat, sedentarism, obezitate, insuficienta renala, diabet, beta blocante.
Amilaze,
Valori Normale : 20 - 140 UI; provin din pancreas, gl. salivare, ficat.
Crescute : pancreatita acuta, ulcer peptic perforat (posterior), colecistita acuta, obstructie
canal cistic, cancer pancreatic, pseudochist pancreatic, ascita pancreatica, ocluzie intestinala,
perforatie intestinala, infarct intestinal, peritonita, apendicita acuta, sarcina, sarcina
extrauterina, ruptura de chist ovarian, coledocolitiaza, parotidita, oreion, traumatism de gl.
salivare sau pancreas, infarct pulmonar, arsuri, cetoacidoza diabetica, insuficienta renala,
alcoolism acut, colangiopancreatografie retrograda endoscopica, macroamilazemia,
Medicamente (Morfina, Aspirina, diuretice tiazidice, corticosteroizi, Azartioprina,
contraceptive orale), ciroza.
Scazute : pancreatita cronica n stadiu terminal, insuficienta hepatica, hepatita severa.
Lipaza,
Valori Normale : 20 - 140 UI, n diagnosticul tardiv al pancreatitei acute, creste la 2
saptamni, dupa un episod acut de pancreatita; specifica pancreasului.
Crescuta : pancreatita acuta, cancer pancreatic, colecistita acuta, obstructie canal pancreatic,
ocluzie intestinala, infarct intestinal, ulcer peptic perforat, narcotice.
CPK, CK (creatin fosfokinaza),
Valori Normale : 5 - 200 UI (izoenzime MB, MM, BB)
Crestere CPK totala : IMA, chirurgie cardiaca, post injectii IM, traumatisme, sindrom de
strivire, politraumatisme, resuscitare cardio pulmonara, defibrilare, electrocutare, miozita,
rabdomioliza, AVC, eforturi intense, soc.
Crestere CPK - MB : IMA, angina instabila, chirurgie cardiaca, ischemie cardiaca, miocardita