GuideforUsingInternalCitations

Theworkscitedpagedeterminestheinformationinyourinternalcitation.Thefirstpartoftheworkscited
entrywillalwaysmatchbacktotheinternalcitation.

BOOKS:Writethelastname(s)oftheauthor(s)andthenthepageyoureferredtointhebook.Ifnoauthoris
given,usethearticle/booktitleinplaceoftheauthor.

SourceWith
OneAuthor

WorksCitedEntry
Baker,Michael.TheCivilWarNotebookofDanielChisholm:A
ChronicleofDailyLifeintheUnionArmy,18641865.
Detroit:Macmillan,2012.Print.

InternalCitation
(Baker223)

Multiple
Authors

Gillespie,Paula,andNealLerner.TheAllynandBaconGuideto
PeerTutoring.SanFrancisco:Houghton,2000.Print

(GillespieandLerner32)

NoAuthor

ThePatriots.Denver:MacMurray,1999.Print.

(ThePatriots10)

DATABASE&INTERNETSOURCES:Writethelastname(s)oftheauthor(s)andthenthepageyou
referredtointhearticle(donotincludepagenumbersiftheyrenotprovided).Ifnoauthorisgiven,usethe
articletitleinplaceoftheauthor.

SourceWith
OneAuthor
withNoPage
#s
Multiple
Authorswith
Page#s
NoAuthorand
NoPage#s

WorksCitedEntry
InternalCitation
Dolby,Nadine.GunControl.LawsandRights.London:Penguin, (Dolby)
2012:n.pag.GaleU.S.HistoryinContext.Web.20May
2013.
Junge,Wolfgang,andNathanNelson.TheDeathPenalty.Crime (JungeandNelson643)
andPunishment.29Apr.2013:642644.AmericanHistory
Online.Web.5Mar.2014.
"DressCodes."CNN.CableNewsNetwork,2013.Web.24Feb.
(DressCodes)
2014.

MISCELLANEOUSCONDITIONS:

Different
WorksCitedEntry
SourcesWith
SameTitleand "DressCodes."CNN.CableNewsNetwork,2013.Web.24Feb.
NoAuthor
2014.

"DressCodes."NYTimes.TheNewYorkTimesCompany,2014.
Web.4Jan.2014.
SameAuthor

InternalCitation
(DressCodes,CNN)

(DressCodes,NY
Times)

Frye,Northrop.AmericanCivilRights:Almanac.Sacramento:
Scholastic,1991.Print.

(Frye,AmericanCivil
Rights27)

Frye,Northrop.FreedomNow.CivilRights.Detroit:UXL,2003.
235237.Print.

(Frye,FreedomNow
236)

(Note:Intheworkscited,donotlistthesameauthorsnamemorethanonce;instead
usedashes[]inplaceofthename.)

Toavoidplagiarism,youmustuseinternalcitationsforbothquotedlinesandparaphrasedlines.
MLA 7th Edition

CJHS Media Center

January 2014

PlacementandFormatofInternalCitations

WHERETOPLACEINTERNALCITATIONS:
Placeinternalcitationsattheendofthesentenceyouareparaphrasingorquoting.Forexample:

Students who are targets of bullies often turn to drugs and substance abuse, and are more likely
to experience mental health issues (Taylor 33).

Evenwhenquoting,placetheinternalcitationsafterthequotations.Forexample:

"About 28 percent of children report that they are bullied regularly in school" (Miller 89).

AUTHORSNAMEMENTIONEDINSENTENCE:
Ifyoumentiontheauthorsnameinthesentence,donotincludetheauthorsnameintheinternalcitation.
Onlyprovidethepagenumber.Forexample:

According to Taylor, students who are targets of bullies often turn to drugs and substance abuse,
and are more likely to experience mental health issues (33).

SAMEAUTHOR,BACKTOBACKPHRASES,SAMEPAGE:
Ifyouhavebacktobacksentenceswhichneedtobecitedandtheyarefromthesamepageofthe
samesource,providetheinternalcitationafterthefinalsentence.Forexample:

In 2010, 20 percent of public schools required students to wear uniforms. Research indicates that
the results of wearing uniforms were unclear, and in some cases, negative (Toppo 52).

SAMEAUTHOR,MULTIPLEPHRASES,DIFFERENTPAGE#S:
Ifyouhavemultiplesentenceswhichneedtobecitedandtheyarefromdifferentpagesofthesamesource,
providetheauthorsnameandpagenumberafterthefirstcitation.Fortheremainingcitationsfromthat
source,onlyusethepagenumber.Forexample:

The current system of "winner takes all" in each state warps presidential elections (Weinstein
26). The notion that the elector procedure protects small states' rights is a nice fantasy (27).

MLA 7th Edition

CJHS Media Center

January 2014