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Documente Profesional
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Ulei En+ro
Ulei En+ro
Fig.1 - Vegetable oil production plant. Overview / Instalaia de obinere uleiuri vegetale
Vedere de ansamblu
70
INMATEH -
71
INMATEH -
72
INMATEH -
73
INMATEH -
5
6
7
8
9
10
Parametrul
determinat /
Parameters
determined
Masa probei /
Mass of the sample
Timp procesare
prob /
Processing time
sample
Productivitate /
Productivity
Cantitate ulei
extrasa /
Extracted oil
quantity
Grad extracie /
Grade extraction
Intensitate curent /
Intensity current
Tensiune curent /
Voltage current
cos
Putere
Power
Consum specific de
energie /
specific energy
consumption
UM
Presa I / Press I
Presa II / Press II
Proba II / Proba III
Proba II / Proba III
Proba 1 /
Media / Proba 1 /
Media / Proba 1
Sample / Sample
Sample / Sample
Sample I
Average Sample I
Average Sample I
II
III
II
III
Media
Pe
instalaie
/ Per
plant
kg
15
131
142
136
136,33
126
138
137
133,67
139
132
130
133,67
134,56
kg/h
137,4
126,8
132,4
132,2
142,9
130,4
131,4
134,9
129,5
136,36
138,46
134,77
401,87
kg
1,85
1,99
1,93
1,92
1,62
1,77
1,76
1,72
1,645
1,698
1,719
1,69
5,33
37
39,8
38,6
38,47
32,4
35,4
35,2
34,33
32,9
33,96
34,38
33,75
35,52
13,1
13,2
13,2
13,17
13,2
13,3
13,3
13,27
13,3
13,4
13,4
13,37
13,27
380
380
380
380
380
380
380
380
380
380
380
380
380
0,78
0,78
0,78
0,78
0,78
0,78
0,78
0,78
0,78
0,78
0,78
0,78
0,78
kw
6,725
6,776
6,776
6,759
6,776
6,827
6,827
6,81
6,828
6,879
6,879
6,86
6,81
kwh/t
48,94
53,45
51,2
51,2
47,43
52,34
51,96
50,58
52,73
50,45
49,68
50,95
50,91
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INMATEH -
Conclusion
The presented installation for vegetable oils assures
the necesary biofuel for tractors and auto-propelled
machines that disserve a medium farm of 600-900
hectares.
Using crude vegetable oil as fuel for Diesel engines
has a series of advantages, such as: it is a regenerable
fuel, relatively easy to obtain by the consumer, it has a
cost price lower by 1.2-1.4 than diesel oil, lower polution
(sulphur compound are practicly missing from the waste
gases), bigger exploiting security.
Using crude vegetable oil as fuel on long-run is
recommendation only when the engine run under load,
at a revolution of over 1000 r.p.m. at small revolution, the
oil hasnt a full burn and leaks beside the piston in the
engines oil bath and determines the its polymerization
(the oil has an aspect of gel). To eliminate this
impediment is necessary to use a unit of cogeneration,
the engine running cuntinued under load, at higher
speeds.
This cogeneration unit corects the oils viscidity with
the help of a device that heats the oil controlled until the
0
0
temperature of 70 C - 80 C is reached, when the raw
vegetable oil reaches the parameters of classic fuel.
So it is imposed that the Diesel motor is adapted in order
to operation using crude vegetable oil. In this situation,
the engine starts using classic fuel (Diesel oil) and when
the vegetable oil is heated at the optimum operation
0
temperature (around 80 C) it automatic passes on
vegetable oil.
Engine starting using Diesel oil is imposed by the
much higher inflammability point of vegetable oil (200
0
0
230 C) than the one of classic fuel (62 C).
Concluzii:
Instalaia pentru obinerea uleiurilor vegetale
prezentat, asigur necesarul de biocombustibil necesar
alimentrii tractoarelor i mainilor autopropulsate ce
deservesc o ferm mijlocie de 600...900 ha.
Utilizarea uleiului vegetal crud drept combustibil la motoarele
Diesel, prezint o serie de avantaje, dintre care merit subliniate
cteva: este un combustibil regenerabil; relativ uor de obinut
direct la consumator; pre de cost mai redus de 1,2 ...1,4 ori fa
de motorin; poluare mai redus (compuii sulfului practic
lipsesc din gazele de ardere); siguran mare n exploatare.
Folosirea uleiului vegetal crud ca i combustibil pe
termen lung, se recomand numai cnd motorul
lucreaz n sarcin, respectiv la o turaie de peste 1000
rpm. La ralanti uleiul nu are o ardere complet i se
scurge pe lng pistoane n baia de ulei a motorului i
determin polimerizarea (uleiul capt aspect de gel)
acestuia.Pentru eliminarea acestui impediment este
necesar folosirea unei uniti de cogenerare, motorul s
funcioneze continuu n sarcin, deci la turaii mari.
Aceast unitate de cogenerare corecteaz vscozitatea
uleiului cu ajutorul unui dispozitiv care realizeaz nclzirea
0
0
controlat a acestuia pn la temperatura de 70 C - 80 C,
temperatur la care uleiul crud
ajunge la parametrii
combustibilului clasic. Se impune deci, adaptarea
(convertirea) motorului Diesel pentru funcionarea cu ulei
vegetal crud. n aceast situaie, motorul pornete pe
combustibil clasic (motorin) iar n momentul nclzirii
0
uleiului la temperatura optim de funcionare (circa 80 C)
trece automat pe ulei vegetal.
Pornirea motorului pe motorin este impus de punctul
de inflamabilitate al uleiului vegetal mult mai mare (200 0
0
230 C) dect cel al combustibilului clasic (62 C).
References
Constantin Banu and others (1998). Handbook of
food engineer, Vol II, Ed Technology, Bucharest,
Paul Ggeanu and collectively, (2007). Documentary
study on a new basis technology for extraction of
vegetable oils in order to obtain fuel type biodiesel, INMA
Bucharest
Bibliografie
Constantin Banu (1998). Manualul inginerului
de industrie alimentar, Vol I, Ed.Tehnic, Bucureti;
Paul Ggeanu i colectiv, (2007). Studiu
documentar privind fundamentarea unei noi tehnologii de
extragere a uleiurilor vegetale n vederea obinerii
combustibilului tip biodiesel, INMA Bucureti
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