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BREEDING
By Shay Townson
GMO
GMOs have many techniques and methods for creating them some examples of this are
Gene Silencing, Bacterial Carriers, Electroporation, and Gene Splicing.
Gene Silencing
Bacterial Carriers
Bacterial Carriers are used to deliver into the cell by physically adding a wanted gene into a
Bacterial and then plants in a plant to add the gene to the plant.
Electroporation
Gene Silencing is when an engineer silences the gene that causes an undesired trait. This can
be very useful if a certain gene activates an allergic reaction that gene could be silenced.
Electroporation is when the targets cells are placed in a solution with the chosen DNA with a
strong brief electric shock causing the walls of the cell to tear allowing in the DNA. The Cells are
then put in another solution to repair the damage brought on by the electric shock trapping the
DNA inside.
Gene Splicing
In Gene Splicing biotechnologists modify DNA, and then add it into the target host cells to allow
for the genes and resulting traits to be modified.
GMO TYPES
GMO STATS
PROS
Pest Resistance
Herbicide Tolerance
Disease Resistance
Cold Tolerance
Drought or Salinity Tolerance
Nutrition
Pharmaceuticals
Phytoremediation
CONS
SELECTIVE BREEDING
Outcrossing
Line Breeding
Inbreeding
Some types of selective breeding in plants are Mass Selection, Pureline Selection, and Hybridization to make it simple.
Mass Selection
Pure-line Selection
Hybridization