Project 2.1.

6 AOI Logic Design: Majority Vote

Introduction
The United States 2000 Presidential Election between George W. Bush (Republican) and
Albert "Al" Gore (Democrat) will be best remembered for the controversy over who won
Florida's 25 electoral votes, and ultimately, who won the presidency.

At the heart of the controversy was the use of antiquated and

unreliable paper ballots. The use of these paper ballots resulted
in an unacceptable amount of over-votes and under-votes. An
over-vote occurs when someones vote is counted more than
once, and an under-vote occurs when someones vote is not
counted at all.

To ensure that this type of controversy does not occur at

your company, the board of directors has asked you to
design an electronic voting machine. The voting machine
will allow the four board members to cast their ballots and
will display the pass/fail status of each of their decisions.

The board of directors has four members; a president, a vice-president, a secretary, and a
treasurer. Each member has a single yes/no vote. For a decision to pass, a majority of the
board members must vote yes. In the event of a tie, the presidents vote is used to break the
tie (i.e., if the president votes yes, the decision passes. If the president votes no, the decision
fails.).

In this project, you will use only AND, OR & Inverter logic gates, frequently referred to as AOI
logic, to design, simulate, and build a Majority Vote voting machine that meets these design
specifications.

Equipment
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Digital Electronics Project 2.1.6 AOI Logic Design: Majority Vote Page 1

Circuit Design Software (CDS)

Breadboard (DLB or DMS)
#22 Gauge solid wire
Integrated Circuits (74LS04, 74LS08, & 74LS32)

Procedure
Complete the following steps to design, simulate, build, and test your Majority Vote - Voting
Machine. For each step, be sure to document all your work in your engineering
notebook.
1. Using the following variable names and assignment conditions, create a truth table
shown for your Majority Vote Voting Machine.
P: President 0=No / 1=Yes
V: Vice President 0=No / 1=Yes
S: Secretary 0=No / 1=Yes
T: Treasurer 0=No / 1=Yes
Decision 0=Fail / 1=Pass
Presid
ent

VicePresident

Secret
ary

Treasu
rer

Decisi
on

1
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Digital Electronics Project 2.1.6 AOI Logic Design: Majority Vote Page 2

2. Using the truth table, write the un-simplified logic expression for the output function
Decision. Be sure that your answer is in the Sum-of-Products form.
D=PVST+PVST+ PVST+PVST+PVST+PVST+PVST+PVST
3. Design an AOI logic circuit that implements the un-simplified logic expression
Decision. Limit your implementation to only 2-input AND gates (74LS08), 2-input OR
gates (74LS32), and inverters (74LS04).
VCC

GND

Key = T

S4

U1C
74LS04N

U1D
74LS04N
8

3
2

Key = S

3
2

U1B
74LS04N
4

U1A
74LS04N
2

Key = V

S3

Key = P

S2

S1

5V

U2A

U2B

74LS08N

74LS08N
U3A

74LS08N

74LS32N

U5B

10

74LS08N

74LS08N

U8C

U6A

1
2

10
3

74LS08N

74LS32N

U6B

74LS08N

U6C
74LS08N

12

U6D

74LS32N
11

13

74LS08N

U7A

74LS08N

U7B

12

74LS08N

U9B

10

U5C

U5D
11

U7C

9
10

5V

U10A
74LS32N

74LS08N

13

1
2

11

13

74LS08N

74LS08N

X1

U4D

12

U5A

5
8

10

U8B

U4C
74LS08N

12

74LS08N

74LS08N

U4A

U4B
6

74LS32N

11

13

U9A

74LS08N

U3D

12

74LS08N

74LS08N
8

74LS32N

U3B

U3C

10

74LS08N

U8A

11

13

10

U2D

12

U2C

74LS08N

U8D

13
8

74LS08N

12
13

11

74LS32N

U7D
11

74LS08N

4. Using the CDS, enter and test your un-simplified Majority Vote Voting Machine. Use
switches for the inputs P, V, S, & T and a probe or LED circuit for the output Decision.
Verify that the circuit is working as expected. Print a copy of the final circuit and paste
it in your engineering notebook/portfolio.
5. Using the theorems and laws of Boolean algebra, simplify the logic expression
Decision. Be sure to put your answer in Sum-Of-Products (SOP) form.
P=VST+PVT+PVS+PVS+PVT
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Digital Electronics Project 2.1.6 AOI Logic Design: Majority Vote Page 3

6. Design an AOI logic circuit that implements the simplified logic expression Decision.
Limit your implementation to only 2-input AND gates (74LS08), 2-input OR gates
(74LS32), and inverters (74LS04).
VCC

3
2

GND

Key = T

U11C
74LS04N
6

U11B
74LS04N
4

Key = S

S8

U11D
74LS04N
8

3
2

Key = V

S7

S6

Key = P

S5

3
2

5V

U12A

74LS08N

U12B

74LS08N

74LS08N

10

U15A

U12C

12

U12D

74LS32N

X2

11

13

74LS08N

5V

U13A

12

74LS08N

U13B

13

74LS08N
U13C

74LS08N

12

U13D

11

13

U14C

10

U15B
74LS32N

74LS08N
9

4
5

10

11

74LS32N

U15D

U15C

9
10

74LS32N
8

74LS08N

1
2

U14A
3

74LS08N

7. Using the CDS, enter and test your simplified Majority Vote Voting Machine. Use
switches for the inputs P, V, S, & T and a probe or LED circuit for the output Decision.
Verify that the circuit is working as expected. Print a copy of the final circuit and paste
it in your engineering notebook/portfolio.
8. Using the DLB, build and test the simplified Majority Vote Voting Machine logic circuit
that you designed and simulated. Verify that the circuit is working as expected and that
the results match the results of the simulation.

Conclusion
In the aftermath of the 2000 Presidential Election, federal and state governments pushed for
election reform. Many states passed laws that eliminated the use of paper ballots and
required the use of electronic voting machines. Unfortunately, confusion on how to use these
new electronic voting machines caused mistrust among the voting public. Ironically, this
mistrust was particularly widespread among retirees living in Florida.
For this project write a conclusion (minimum 500 words) that describes the process that you
used to design, simulate, and build your Majority-Vote Voting Machine. Heres the catch: you
must write this conclusion in the form of a letter to your grandmother who is retired and living
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Digital Electronics Project 2.1.6 AOI Logic Design: Majority Vote Page 4

in Florida. Assume that your grandmother is a retired 3rd grade teacher and has no
knowledge of digital electronics.

2014 Project Lead The Way, Inc.

Digital Electronics Project 2.1.6 AOI Logic Design: Majority Vote Page 5