Calculul Termic al unui motor cu aprindere prin comprimare

1) Date de proiectare
Pn =

70

kW

n=

3700

rot/min

i=

cilindri

2) Alegerea parametrilor initiali

a) temperatura initiala

To =

293

b) presiunea initiala

po =

1.02

*10^5 N/m2 102000

c) temperatura gazelor reziduale

Tr =

900

d) presiunea gazelor reziduale

pr =

1.1

*10^5 N/m2 110000

e) coeficientul de exces de aer

1.25

f) raportul de comprimare

20

3) Parametrii procesului de schimbare de gaze

Se adopta urmatoarele marimi din tabelul 4:
a) presiunea la sfarsitul admisiei
b) preincalzirea amestecului

pa = 0.9
T = 15

c) coeficientul de post umplere

p = 1.14

Se calculeaza coeficientul gazelor reziduale:

r =

0.0192

Temperatura la sfarsitul admisie va fi:

Ta = 319.152276

Coeficientul de umplere:

= 0.95374844

Valorile calculate se vor compara cu cele di tabelele 6 si 3.

*10^5 N/m2 90000

4) Parametri procesului de comprimare

Se adopta coeficientul politropic de comprimare valoarea
n1 =

1.4
10

Presiunea la sfarsitul comprimarii :

pc = 5.9660172 *10^6 N/m2

5966017.23121

Temperatura la sfarsitul comprimarii:

Tc = 1057.8155 K

5) Parametrii procesului de ardere

Conform cu tabelul 7 se adopta urmatoarea compozitie a motorinei:
c=

0.875 kg

h=

0.133 kg

o=

0.01 kg

Puterea calorica inferioara Qinf =

41868 kJ/kg

Se mai adopta din tabelul 4 si 5 :

a) coeficientul de utilizare a caldurii

0.9

b) coeficientul de crestere a presiunii

1.3

Cantitatea minima de aer necesara arderii:

Lmin = 0.50406746

kmolaer/kgcomb

Cantitatea reala de aer necesara arderii:

L = 0.63008433

kmolaer/kgcomb

Coeficientul teoretic de variatie molara a incarcaturi proaspete:

o = 1.05326668
Coeficientul real de variatie molara a incarcaturii proaspete:

f = 1.05226323
Caldura specifica molara medie a amestecului initial:
C' = 38.4059905 kJ/kmol*K
Caldura specifica molara medie a gazelor de ardere pentru >1:
C'' =

27.36

0.002654 *Tz

Temperatura la sfarsitul arderii:

Rm =

8.314

Coeficietii ecuatiei:
a=

0.00279271

b=

37.5384383

c=

-110736.36

ec =

2646.15106

x1 =Tz

2489.03958 K

x2 =

-15930.637

Presiunea la sfarsitul arderii:

pz=pz'

77.558224 *10^5 N/m2

7755822.40058

Valorile calculate se compara cu cele din tabelul 4 si 5.

Gradul de destindere prealabila:
= 1.90459614

6) Destinderea
Se adopta coeficientul politropic al destinderii n2
n2 =

1.18

Gradul de destindere:
=

10.5009139

Presiunea la sfarsitul destinderii:

pb =

4.83704226 *10^5 N/m2

483704.226416

Temperatura la sfarsitul destinderii

Tb =

1630.08753 K

7) Parametrii principali ai motorului

Se adopta urmatoarele valori:
a) coeficientul de rotunjire a diagramei

r =

b) randamentl mecanic

Presiunea medie a ciclului teoretic:

p'i =

13.1163063 *10^5 N/m2

1311630.63421

Presiunea medie indicata:

pi =

12.8539802 *10^5 N/m2

1285398.02152

Randamentul indicat al motorului:

i =

0.48439284

Presiunea medie efectiva:

pe =

10.5402638 *10^5 N/m2

1054026.37765

Randamentul efectiv al motorului:

e =

0.39720213

Valorile calculate se compara cu cele din tabelele 5, 6, si 9.

Consumul specificefectiv de combustibil:
ge =

0.21647548 kg/kW*h

8) Dimensiuni fundamentale ale motorului

Se adopta raportul cursa - alezaj
=S/D=

1.1

(tab. 9)

0.98
0.82 (tab. 9)

Capacitatea cilindrica necesara:

Vh =

0.53847568 l

Vh =

538.475677 cm^3

Alezajul si cursa
D=

0.85434756 dm =

S=

93.9782315 mm

85.43475593 mm

Se adopta:
S=

94 mm =

0.094 m

D=

85 mm

0.085 m

Viteza medie a pistonului:

Wm =

11.5906486 m/s

Cilindreea totala a motorului:

Vt =

2.15390271 l

Puterea litrica a motorului:

Pl =

32.4991466 kW/l

9) Diagrama indicata

Volumul la sfarsitul cursei de admisie

Va=

0.5668165 dm3

Volumul la sfarsitul compresiei

Vc=

0.02834083

Vc=Vz

0.02834083

(1 cos ) (1 cos 2 )

2
4

V
p x p a a
Vx

V
p x p z z
Vx

n1

n2

Vx

px

[RAC]

[m]

[l]

[N/m2]105

0 0.02834083

1.1

10 1.5994298 0.03750522

0.9

20 6.2692169 0.06426213

0.9

30 13.637397 0.10648027

0.9

40 23.127596 0.16085713

0.9

50

34.01906 0.22326295

0.9

60 45.520706 0.28916498

0.9

70 56.850663 0.35408327

0.9

80 67.312179 0.41402558

0.9

90 76.357313 0.46585231

0.9

100 83.631328

0.5075309

0.9

110 88.993111

0.5382528

0.9

120 92.509822 0.55840282

0.9

130 94.427103 0.56938844

0.9

140 95.119098 0.57335343

0.9

150 95.024933 0.57281388

0.9

160 94.579868 0.57026375

0.9

170 94.149921 0.56780025

0.9

180 93.978232

0.9

0.5668165

190 94.149921 0.56780025 0.8978177

200 94.579868 0.57026375 0.8923925
210 95.024933 0.57281388 0.8868354
220 95.119098 0.57335343 0.8856673
230 94.427103 0.56938844 0.8943137
240 92.509822 0.55840282

0.919042

250 88.993111

0.5382528 0.9675673

260 83.631328

0.5075309 1.0505446

270 76.357313 0.46585231 1.1844437

280 67.312179 0.41402558 1.3970886
290 56.850663 0.35408327 1.7390594
300 45.520706 0.28916498 2.3091812
310

34.01906 0.22326295 3.3167953

320 23.127596 0.16085713 5.2486249

325 18.159727 0.13239227 6.8937304
330 13.637397 0.10648027 9.3515844
340 6.2692169 0.06426213 18.963776
350 1.5994298 0.03750522 40.302642
360

0 0.02834083 59.660172

370 1.5994298 0.03750522 77.558224

380 6.2692169 0.06426213 29.518042
390 13.637397 0.10648027 16.266608
400 23.127596 0.16085713 9.9971225
410

34.01906 0.22326295 6.7900183

420 45.520706 0.28916498 5.0040619

430 56.850663 0.35408327 3.9403084
440 67.312179 0.41402558 3.2762914

450 76.357313 0.46585231 2.8506353

460 83.631328

0.5075309 2.5764923

470 88.993111

0.5382528 2.4038688

480 92.509822 0.55840282 2.3018468

490 94.427103 0.56938844 2.2495331
500 95.119098 0.57335343 2.2311879
510 95.024933 0.57281388

2.233668

520 94.579868 0.57026375 2.2454593

530 94.149921 0.56780025 2.2569597
540 93.978232

0.5668165

1.1

550 94.149921 0.56780025

1.1

560 94.579868 0.57026375

1.1

570 95.024933 0.57281388

1.1

580 95.119098 0.57335343

1.1

590 94.427103 0.56938844

1.1

600 92.509822 0.55840282

1.1

610 88.993111

0.5382528

1.1

620 83.631328

0.5075309

1.1

630 76.357313 0.46585231

1.1

640 67.312179 0.41402558

1.1

650 56.850663 0.35408327

1.1

660 45.520706 0.28916498

1.1

670

34.01906 0.22326295

1.1

680 23.127596 0.16085713

1.1

690 13.637397 0.10648027

1.1

700 6.2692169 0.06426213

1.1

710 1.5994298 0.03750522

1.1

720

1.1

0 0.02834083

Se adopta marimile pentru corectarea diagramei:a=

35 grade RAC

0.6105555556

unghiul de avans la aprindere

ev=

40 grade RAC

0.6977777778

unghiul de avans la deschiderea evacuarii

B=1/3.6

0.278 tabelul 6

raportul dintre raza manivelei si lungimea bielei

Poziia punctului c se determin de cursa pistonului XS corespunztoare unghiului de avans la aprindere

Xs=

10.6347177 mm

Poziia punctului c este determinat de presiunea n acest punct

715922.067745 N/m2
pc''=

7.15922068 *10^5N/m2

Poziia punctului b este determinat cursa pistonului Xev corespunzatoare unghiului de avans la deschiderea evacurii

xev=Xb'

8.28845573 mm

Xa=

7.29301263 mm

Poziia punctului a este determinat de presiunea in punctul a:

286852.113208 N/m2
pa'=

2.86852113 *10^5N/m2

Diagrama Indicata
100

90

80

70

60

P [N/m2]10^5
50

40

30

20

10

0
0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4
V [l]

0.5

0.6

0.7

Presiunea in cilindru
110
100
90
80
70
px [N/m2]105
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0

90

180

270

360
0 RAC

450

540

630

720

Cinematica mecanismului biela-manivela

n=

unghiul de rotatie al manivelei

unghiul de inclinare al axei bielei

viteza unghiulara de rotatie a arborelui cotit

cursa pistonului

raza manivelei

lungimea bielei

raportul dintre raza manivelei si lungimea bielei

387.46309 rad/sec

max=

15 grd

max=

12180

1/3.21/3.8

=1/3.6=

0.278

R=S/2=

46.989116 mm

0.046989 m

L=R/=

169.16082 mm

0.169161 m

Ap- aria pistonului

Ap=

0.0057327 m2

xp

[RAC]
0

vp

[m]

[m/s]
0

0.00

aI

aII

ap

[m/s2]

[m/s2]

[m/s2]

7054.37

1959.55 9013.91

10 0.00159943

4.03

6947.19

1841.37 8788.56

20 0.00626922

7.85

6628.94

1501.10

8130

30

0.0136374

11.29

6109.26

979.77

7089

40

0.0231276

14.19

5403.96

340.27 5744.23

50 0.03401906

16.44

4534.46

-340.27 4194.19

60 0.04552071

17.96

3527.18

-979.77 2547.41

70 0.05685066

18.73

2412.74

-1501.10 911.636

3700 rot/min

S=

94 mm

0.094 m

D=

85 mm

0.085 m

80 0.06731218

18.79

1224.98

-1841.37 -616.39

90 0.07635731

18.21

100 0.08363133

17.07

-1224.98

0.00 -1959.55 -1959.5

-1841.37 -3066.3

110 0.08899311

15.48

-2412.74

-1501.10 -3913.8

120 0.09250982

13.58

-3527.18

-979.77

130

0.0944271

11.46

-4534.46

-340.27 -4874.7

140

0.0951191

9.21

-5403.96

340.27 -5063.7

150 0.09502493

6.91

-6109.26

979.77 -5129.5

160 0.09457987

4.60

-6628.94

1501.10 -5127.8

170 0.09414992

2.30

-6947.19

1841.37 -5105.8

180 0.09397823

0.00

-7054.37

1959.55 -5094.8

190 0.09414992

-2.30

-6947.19

1841.37 -5105.8

200 0.09457987

-4.60

-6628.94

1501.10 -5127.8

210 0.09502493

-6.91

-6109.26

979.77 -5129.5

220

0.0951191

-9.21

-5403.96

340.27 -5063.7

230

-4507

0.0944271

-11.46

-4534.46

-340.27 -4874.7

240 0.09250982

-13.58

-3527.18

-979.77

250 0.08899311

-15.48

-2412.74

-1501.10 -3913.8

260 0.08363133

-17.07

-1224.98

-1841.37 -3066.3

-4507

270 0.07635731

-18.21

280 0.06731218

-18.79

1224.98

-1841.37 -616.39

290 0.05685066

-18.73

2412.74

-1501.10 911.636

300 0.04552071

-17.96

3527.18

-979.77 2547.41

310 0.03401906

-16.44

4534.46

-340.27 4194.19

320

0.0231276

-14.19

5403.96

340.27 5744.23

330

0.0136374

-11.29

6109.26

979.77

7089

340 0.00626922

-7.85

6628.94

1501.10

8130

350 0.00159943

-4.03

6947.19

1841.37 8788.56

0.00

7054.37

1959.55 9013.91

370 0.00159943

4.03

6947.19

1841.37 8788.56

380 0.00626922

7.85

6628.94

1501.10

8130

390

0.0136374

11.29

6109.26

979.77

7089

400

0.0231276

14.19

5403.96

340.27 5744.23

360

0.00 -1959.55 -1959.5

410 0.03401906

16.44

4534.46

-340.27 4194.19

420 0.04552071

17.96

3527.18

-979.77 2547.41

430 0.05685066

18.73

2412.74

-1501.10 911.636

440 0.06731218

18.79

1224.98

-1841.37 -616.39

450 0.07635731

18.21

460 0.08363133

17.07

-1224.98

0.00 -1959.55 -1959.5

-1841.37 -3066.3

470 0.08899311

15.48

-2412.74

-1501.10 -3913.8

480 0.09250982

13.58

-3527.18

-979.77

490

0.0944271

11.46

-4534.46

-340.27 -4874.7

500

-4507

0.0951191

9.21

-5403.96

340.27 -5063.7

510 0.09502493

6.91

-6109.26

979.77 -5129.5

520 0.09457987

4.60

-6628.94

1501.10 -5127.8

530 0.09414992

2.30

-6947.19

1841.37 -5105.8

540 0.09397823

0.00

-7054.37

1959.55 -5094.8

550 0.09414992

-2.30

-6947.19

1841.37 -5105.8

560 0.09457987

-4.60

-6628.94

1501.10 -5127.8

570 0.09502493

-6.91

-6109.26

979.77 -5129.5

580

0.0951191

-9.21

-5403.96

340.27 -5063.7

590

0.0944271

-11.46

-4534.46

-340.27 -4874.7

600 0.09250982

-13.58

-3527.18

-979.77

610 0.08899311

-15.48

-2412.74

-1501.10 -3913.8

620 0.08363133

-17.07

-1224.98

-1841.37 -3066.3

-4507

630 0.07635731

-18.21

640 0.06731218

-18.79

1224.98

-1841.37 -616.39

650 0.05685066

-18.73

2412.74

-1501.10 911.636

660 0.04552071

-17.96

3527.18

-979.77 2547.41

670 0.03401906

-16.44

4534.46

-340.27 4194.19

680

0.0231276

-14.19

5403.96

340.27 5744.23

690

0.0136374

-11.29

6109.26

979.77

7089

700 0.00626922

-7.85

6628.94

1501.10

8130

710 0.00159943

-4.03

6947.19

1841.37 8788.56

0.00

7054.37

1959.55 9013.91

720

0.00 -1959.55 -1959.5

Deplasarea pistonului, xp
0.1

0.09

0.08

0.07

0.06

xp [m]0.05

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.01

0
0

60

120

180

240

300

360
0 RAC

420

480

540

600

660

720

Viteza pistonului, vp
25.00

20.00

15.00

10.00

5.00
vp [m/s]
0.00
0

60

120

180

240

300

360

-5.00

-10.00

-15.00

-20.00

-25.00

0 RAC

420

480

540

600

660

720

aI, aII, ap
10000

8000

6000

4000

2000
aI, aII, ap
0
0

60

120

180

240

300

360

420

480

540

600

660

-2000

-4000

series
1

-6000

-8000
0 RAC

720

Forele care acioneaza in mecanismul biel - manivel

1 Forta de presiune a gazelor, Fg

Fg ( p g p 0 ) A p
unde:

Ap aria suprafetei capului pisstonului

pg presiunea gazelor in cilindru dupa diagrama indicata
p0 presiunea mediului ambiant

2 Fortele de inertie

F m a
m masa elementelor in miscare , in
a - acceleratia maselor , in

m / s

N
Kg

2.1 Fortele de inertie ale maselor in miscare de translatie,

F j m j R 2 (cos cos 2 )

ml m p m1b
unde:

mj - masele piselor n micare de translaie

mp - masa pistonului asamblat , in kg

Fj

2.2.Fortele de inertie ale maselor in miscare de rotatie

Aceste forte sunt produse de o parte din masa bielei si masa neechilibrata al arborelui cotit
(masa manetonului si masele reduse ale celor doua brate ).
Fortele de inertie ale maselor in miscare de rotatie se determina cu relatiile :

Fr m r R 2

Ft m r R

d
dt

N forta centrifuga

N forta tangentiala

mr -masa se miscare de rotatie ,

R - raza manivelei, n [m]
- viteza unghiular a arborelui

d
0
d
t

Masele pieselor in miscare ale mecanismului biela manivela

Pentru majoritatea motoarelor de autovehicule , repartizarea masei bielei pe cele doua componente este :

m1b 0,2......0,3 mb

m2b 0,7.....0,8 mb

sau cu suficienta aproximatie :

m1b 0,275 mb

m2b 0,725 mb

In aceste conditii , masa elementelor aflate in miscare de translatie alternativa se poate determina cu
relatia :

m j m p m1b m p 0,275 mb
mp - masa pistonului asamblat
mb - masa bielei

Masele rotitoare mr, sunt constituite din masa fusului maneton mm, masa bratului de
manivela redusa la raza R si componenta m2b a bielei , adica:

mr mm 2 mbr R m2 b
Masa bratelor manivelei avand centrul de masa la raza r fata de axa arborelui cotit ,
se poate reduce la raza R a manivelei pornind de la egalitatea :

 mbr R R 2

mbr 2 ,

de unde se obtine :

mbr R

mbr

Kg

- reprezint distana de la axa arborelui cotit la centrul de greutate al bratului

Masele constructive ale pistonului i bielei

Tipul motorului

Masa pistonului din aliaje

Masa bielei

de Al, ( kg/m ; g/cm )

( kg/m2 ; g/cm2)

200 - 300 ( 20 - 30 )

250 - 350 ( 25 - 35 )

M.A.C cu D=80 120 mm

3.Forele rezultate din mecanismul biel manivel

F Fg F j N
Calculul fortei F se face tabelar si se construeste curba F=f()
Forta F aplicata in axa boltului se descompune in doua componente, una de sprijin,
normala pe axa cilindrului (N) si una dupa axa bielei (B):

N. F tg N

F
N
cos

In axa fusului maneton, forta B se descompune in doua componente, una radiala Z

si una tangentiala T:

Z S cos N
T S sin

po=

1.02 *10^5 N/m2 102000 N/m2

Ap=

0.00573 m2

mp=

1.43317 kg

250 kg/m2

m1b 0,275 mb

mb=

1.71981 kg

300 kg/m2

m1b=

0.47295 kg

82.5 kg/m2

m2b=

1.24686 kg

217.5 kg/m2

mj=

1.90612 kg

R=

0.04699 m

=
=1/3.6

m2b 0,725 mb

m j m p m1b m p 0,275 mb

387 rad/sec
0.278

px

[RAC]

[N/m ]
2

Fg

FI

FII

Fj

[N]

[N]

[N]

[N]

[N]

[grade]

[N]

110000

45.86 -13446.48

-3735.13 -17181.62 -17135.75

0.000

0.00

10

90000

-68.79 -13242.20

-3509.88 -16752.08 -16820.87

0.048

-812.31

20

90000

-68.79 -12635.56

-2861.28 -15496.84 -15565.63

0.095

-1485.54

30

90000

-68.79

-1867.57 -13512.56 -13581.35

0.139

-1904.76

40

90000

-68.79 -10300.60

-11017.99

0.180

-1999.42

50

90000

-68.79

-8643.23

648.60

-7994.63

-8063.42

0.214

-1756.03

60

90000

-68.79

-6723.24

1867.57

-4855.67

-4924.47

0.243

-1220.48

70

90000

-68.79

-4598.97

2861.28

-1737.69

-1806.48

0.264

-488.47

80

90000

-68.79

-2334.96

3509.88

1174.92

1106.13

0.277

314.59

90

90000

-68.79

0.00

3735.13

3735.13

3666.34

0.281

1060.15

100

90000

-68.79

2334.96

3509.88

5844.83

5776.04

0.277

1642.74

110

90000

-68.79

4598.97

2861.28

7460.25

7391.45

0.264

1998.65

120

90000

-68.79

6723.24

1867.57

8590.81

8522.02

0.243

2112.10

130

90000

-68.79

8643.23

648.60

9291.83

9223.04

0.214

2008.57

140

90000

-68.79

10300.60

-648.60

9652.00

9583.21

0.180

1739.05

150

90000

-68.79

11644.99

-1867.57

9777.43

9708.64

0.139

1361.62

160

90000

-68.79

12635.56

-2861.28

9774.28

9705.49

0.095

926.27

170

90000

-68.79

13242.20

-3509.88

9732.32

9663.53

0.048

466.67

180

90000

-68.79

13446.48

-3735.13

9711.35

9642.56

0.000

0.00

-11644.99

-648.60 -10949.20

190 89781.77

-70.04

13242.20

-3509.88

9732.32

9662.28

-0.048

-466.61

200 89239.25

-73.15

12635.56

-2861.28

9774.28

9701.13

-0.095

-925.85

210 88683.54

-76.34

11644.99

-1867.57

9777.43

9701.09

-0.139

-1360.56

220 88566.73

-77.01

10300.60

-648.60

9652.00

9574.99

-0.180

-1737.56

230 89431.37

-72.05

8643.23

648.60

9291.83

9219.78

-0.214

-2007.86

240

-57.88

6723.24

1867.57

8590.81

8532.93

-0.243

-2114.81

91904.2

250 96756.73

-30.06

4598.97

2861.28

7460.25

7430.19

-0.264

-2009.12

260 105054.5

17.51

2334.96

3509.88

5844.83

5862.34

-0.277

-1667.29

270 118444.4

94.27

0.00

3735.13

3735.13

3829.40

-0.281

-1107.30

280 139708.9

216.17

-2334.96

3509.88

1174.92

1391.09

-0.277

-395.64

290 173905.9

412.22

-4598.97

2861.28

-1737.69

-1325.47

-0.264

358.41

300 230918.1

739.05

-6723.24

1867.57

-4855.67

-4116.63

-0.243

1020.27

310 331679.5

1316.68

-8643.23

648.60

-7994.63

-6677.95

-0.214

1454.31

320 524862.5

2424.14 -10300.60

330 935158.4

4776.25

-648.60 -10949.20

-8525.06

-0.180

1547.03

-11644.99

-1867.57 -13512.56

-8736.32

-0.139

1225.25

340 1896378 10286.62 -12635.56

-2861.28 -15496.84

-5210.21

-0.095

497.25

350 4030264 22519.55 -13242.20

-3509.88 -16752.08

5767.47

-0.048

-278.52

360 5966017 33616.64 -13446.48

-3735.13 -17181.62

16435.02

0.000

0.00

370 7755822 43877.05 -13242.20

-3509.88 -16752.08

27124.97

0.048

1309.91

380 2951804 16337.07 -12635.56

-2861.28 -15496.84

840.23

0.095

80.19

390

-11644.99

-1867.57 -13512.56

-4772.14

0.139

-669.28

5146.31 -10300.60

-648.60 -10949.20

1626661

400 999712.3

8740.42

-5802.89

0.180

-1053.04

410 679001.8

3307.78

-8643.23

648.60

-7994.63

-4686.86

0.214

-1020.69

420 500406.2

2283.94

-6723.24

1867.57

-4855.67

-2571.73

0.243

-637.38

430 394030.8

1674.12

-4598.97

2861.28

-1737.69

-63.56

0.264

-17.19

440 327629.1

1293.46

-2334.96

3509.88

1174.92

2468.38

0.277

702.02

450 285063.5

1049.45

0.00

3735.13

3735.13

4784.58

0.281

1383.50

460 257649.2

892.29

2334.96

3509.88

5844.83

6737.12

0.277

1916.08

470 240386.9

793.33

4598.97

2861.28

7460.25

8253.58

0.264

2231.77

480 230184.7

734.84

6723.24

1867.57

8590.81

9325.65

0.243

2311.28

490 224953.3

704.85

8643.23

648.60

9291.83

9996.68

0.214

2177.05

500 223118.8

694.34

10300.60

-648.60

9652.00

10346.34

0.180

1877.53

510 223366.8

695.76

11644.99

-1867.57

9777.43

10473.19

0.139

1468.85

520 224545.9

702.52

12635.56

-2861.28

9774.28

10476.80

0.095

999.88

530

225696

709.11

13242.20

-3509.88

9732.32

10441.43

0.048

504.24

540

110000

45.86

13446.48

-3735.13

9711.35

9757.21

0.000

0.00

550

110000

45.86

13242.20

-3509.88

9732.32

9778.18

-0.048

-472.21

560

110000

45.86

12635.56

-2861.28

9774.28

9820.14

-0.095

-937.21

570

110000

45.86

11644.99

-1867.57

9777.43

9823.29

-0.139

-1377.70

580

110000

45.86

10300.60

-648.60

9652.00

9697.86

-0.180

-1759.85

590

110000

45.86

8643.23

648.60

9291.83

9337.69

-0.214

-2033.54

600

110000

45.86

6723.24

1867.57

8590.81

8636.67

-0.243

-2140.52

610

110000

45.86

4598.97

2861.28

7460.25

7506.11

-0.264

-2029.65

620

110000

45.86

2334.96

3509.88

5844.83

5890.70

-0.277

-1675.35

630

110000

45.86

0.00

3735.13

3735.13

3781.00

-0.281

-1093.30

640

110000

45.86

-2334.96

3509.88

1174.92

1220.78

-0.277

-347.20

650

110000

45.86

-4598.97

2861.28

-1737.69

-1691.83

-0.264

457.47

660

110000

45.86

-6723.24

1867.57

-4855.67

-4809.81

-0.243

1192.07

670

110000

45.86

-8643.23

648.60

-7994.63

-7948.77

-0.214

1731.06

680

110000

45.86 -10300.60

-648.60 -10949.20 -10903.34

-0.180

1978.61

690

110000

45.86

-11644.99

-1867.57 -13512.56 -13466.70

-0.139

1888.68

700

110000

45.86 -12635.56

-2861.28 -15496.84 -15450.98

-0.095

1474.60

710

110000

45.86 -13242.20

-3509.88 -16752.08 -16706.22

-0.048

806.77

720

110000

45.86 -13446.48

-3735.13 -17181.62 -17135.75

0.000

0.00

Ordinea de lucru a cilindrilor 1-3-4-2-1

alfa
0

Cil
Admisie

Compresie Destindere Evacuare

180

Compresie DestindereEvacuare

540

Evacuare

360

DestindereEvacuare

Admisie

Admisie

1
2

Compresie Destindere

Admisie

Compresie

180 = unghiul de decalaj intre manivele

Momentul motor
M=TR

M1

M2

M3

M4

Mt

Mmed

T1

T2

[RAC]

[Nm]

[Nm]

[Nm]

[Nm]

[Nm]

[Nm]

[N]

[N]

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.00

0.00

10 -138.067

-78.555

-79.497

222.644

-73.475

48.514 -2938.28

-1671.77

20 -252.442 -155.903

-157.815

13.627

-552.533

48.514 -5372.34

-3317.85

30 -323.567 -229.183

-232.070

-113.693

-898.514

48.514 -6886.00

-4877.37

40 -339.484 -292.828

-296.585

-178.797 -1107.694

48.514 -7224.74

-6231.82

50 -297.983 -338.583

-342.913

-173.202 -1152.680

48.514 -6341.53

-7205.55

60 -206.962 -356.864

-361.202

-108.083 -1033.110

48.514 -4404.46

-7594.60

70

-82.768 -339.291

-342.758

-1761.43

-7220.63

53.261 -281.796

80

48.514

-2.912

-767.729

48.514

-283.159

118.855

-392.839

48.514

1133.48

-5997.05

90

179.334

-187.310

-184.942

234.031

41.113

48.514

3816.49

-3986.23

100

277.647

-66.982

-58.782

323.845

475.729

48.514

5908.76

-1425.49

110

337.522

60.730

77.515

376.890

852.657

48.514

7182.99

1292.42

120

356.407

173.010

202.143

390.017

1121.577

48.514

7584.89

3681.92

130

338.702

246.783

293.746

367.113

1246.344

48.514

7208.10

5251.91

140

293.079

262.672

335.951

316.417

1208.120

48.514

6237.17

5590.07

150

229.362

208.137

320.835

247.424

1005.758

48.514

4881.16

4429.48

160

155.973

84.499

250.582

168.368

659.422

48.514

3319.34

1798.26

170

78.565

-47.340

137.126

84.889

253.241

48.514

1671.98

-1007.47

180

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

48.514

0.00

0.00

190

-78.555

222.644

-138.067

-79.497

-73.475

48.514

-1671.77

4738.21

200 -155.903

13.627

-252.442

-157.815

-552.533

48.514 -3317.85

290.00

210 -229.183

-113.693

-323.567

-232.070

-898.514

48.514 -4877.37

-2419.56

220 -292.828 -178.797

-339.484

-296.585 -1107.694

48.514 -6231.82

-3805.08

230 -338.583 -173.202

-297.983

-342.913 -1152.680

48.514 -7205.55

-3686.01

240 -356.864 -108.083

-206.962

-361.202 -1033.110

48.514 -7594.60

-2300.16

250 -339.291

-2.912

-82.768

-342.758

-767.729

48.514 -7220.63

-61.98

260 -281.796

118.855

53.261

-283.159

-392.839

48.514 -5997.05

2529.41

270

-187.310

234.031

179.334

-184.942

41.113

48.514 -3986.23

4980.53

280

-66.982

323.845

277.647

-58.782

475.729

48.514 -1425.49

6891.93

290

60.730

376.890

337.522

77.515

852.657

48.514

1292.42

8020.80

300

173.010

390.017

356.407

202.143

1121.577

48.514

3681.92

8300.15

310

246.783

367.113

338.702

293.746

1246.344

48.514

5251.91

7812.73

320

262.672

316.417

293.079

335.951

1208.120

48.514

5590.07

6733.84

330

208.137

247.424

229.362

320.835

1005.758

48.514

4429.48

5265.55

340

84.499

168.368

155.973

250.582

659.422

48.514

1798.26

3583.13

350

-47.340

84.889

78.565

137.126

253.241

48.514 -1007.47

1806.58

360

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

48.514

0.00

370

222.644

-79.497

-78.555

-138.067

-73.475

48.514

4738.21

-1691.82

380

13.627

-157.815

-155.903

-252.442

-552.533

48.514

290.00

-3358.55

-113.693 -232.070

-229.183

-323.567

-898.514

48.514 -2419.56

-4938.81

400 -178.797 -296.585

-292.828

-339.484 -1107.694

48.514 -3805.08

-6311.79

390

0.00

410 -173.202 -342.913

-338.583

-297.983 -1152.680

48.514 -3686.01

-7297.71

420 -108.083 -361.202

-356.864

-206.962 -1033.110

48.514 -2300.16

-7686.93

430

-2.912 -342.758

-339.291

-82.768

-767.729

48.514

-61.98

-7294.41

440

118.855 -283.159

-281.796

53.261

-392.839

48.514

2529.41

-6026.05

450

234.031 -184.942

-187.310

179.334

41.113

48.514

4980.53

-3935.84

460

323.845

-58.782

-66.982

277.647

475.729

48.514

6891.93

-1250.96

470

376.890

77.515

60.730

337.522

852.657

48.514

8020.80

1649.64

480

390.017

202.143

173.010

356.407

1121.577

48.514

8300.15

4301.91

490

367.113

293.746

246.783

338.702

1246.344

48.514

7812.73

6251.36

500

316.417

335.951

262.672

293.079

1208.120

48.514

6733.84

7149.56

510

247.424

320.835

208.137

229.362

1005.758

48.514

5265.55

6827.87

520

168.368

250.582

84.499

155.973

659.422

48.514

3583.13

5332.77

530

84.889

137.126

-47.340

78.565

253.241

48.514

1806.58

2918.26

540

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

48.514

0.00

0.00

550

-79.497 -138.067

222.644

-78.555

-73.475

48.514

-1691.82

-2938.28

560

-157.815 -252.442

13.627

-155.903

-552.533

48.514 -3358.55

-5372.34

570 -232.070 -323.567

-113.693

-229.183

580 -296.585 -339.484

-178.797

590 -342.913 -297.983

600 -361.202 -206.962

-898.514

48.514 -4938.81

-6886.00

-292.828 -1107.694

48.514

-6311.79

-7224.74

-173.202

-338.583 -1152.680

48.514 -7297.71

-6341.53

-108.083

-356.864 -1033.110

48.514 -7686.93

-4404.46

610 -342.758

-82.768

-2.912

-339.291

-767.729

48.514 -7294.41

-1761.43

620 -283.159

53.261

118.855

-281.796

-392.839

48.514 -6026.05

1133.48

630 -184.942

179.334

234.031

-187.310

41.113

48.514 -3935.84

3816.49

640

-58.782

277.647

323.845

-66.982

475.729

48.514 -1250.96

5908.76

650

77.515

337.522

376.890

60.730

852.657

48.514

1649.64

7182.99

660

202.143

356.407

390.017

173.010

1121.577

48.514

4301.91

7584.89

670

293.746

338.702

367.113

246.783

1246.344

48.514

6251.36

7208.10

680

335.951

293.079

316.417

262.672

1208.120

48.514

7149.56

6237.17

690

320.835

229.362

247.424

208.137

1005.758

48.514

6827.87

4881.16

700

250.582

155.973

168.368

84.499

659.422

48.514

5332.77

3319.34

710

137.126

78.565

84.889

-47.340

253.241

48.514

2918.26

1671.98

720

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

48.514

0.00

0.00

[N]

[N]

[N]

[Nm]

-17135.75

0.00

-17135.75

0.00

-16840.47

-2938.28

-16582.16

-138.07

-15636.36

-5372.34

-14684.47

-252.44

-13714.27

-6886.00

-11860.20

-323.57

-11197.94

-7224.74

-8555.53

-339.48

-8252.422

-6341.53

-5280.86

-297.98

-5073.455

-4404.46

-2518.07

-206.96

-1871.358

-1761.43

-631.93

-82.77

1149.994

1133.48

194.22

53.26

3816.54

3816.49

-18.75

179.33

6005.103

5908.76

-1071.36

277.65

7656.904

7182.99

-2651.95

337.52

8779.847

7584.89

-4422.12

356.41

9439.216

7208.10

-6094.43

338.70

9739.724

6237.17

-7480.64

293.08

9803.653

4881.16

-8502.11

229.36

9749.588

3319.34

-9167.14

155.97

9674.791

1671.98

-9529.22

78.57

9642.555

0.00

-9642.56

0.00

9673.538

-1671.77

-9527.99

-78.55

9745.207

-3317.85

-9163.02

-155.90

9796.032

-4877.37

-8495.50

-229.18

9731.373

-6231.82

-7474.23

-292.83

9435.88

-7205.55

-6092.28

-338.58

8791.094

-7594.60

-4427.79

-356.86

7697.03

-7220.63

-2665.85

-339.29

6094.829

-5997.05

-1087.37

-281.80

3986.283

-3986.23

-19.58

-187.31

1446.261

-1425.49

244.25

-66.98

-1373.076

1292.42

-463.67

60.73

-4241.173

3681.92

-2104.99

173.01

-6834.473

5251.91

-4373.49

246.78

-8664.29

5590.07

-6619.75

262.67

-8821.817

4429.48

-7629.17

208.14

-5233.888

1798.26

-4915.27

84.50

5774.196

-1007.47

5685.63

-47.34

16435.02

0.00

16435.02

0.00

27156.58

4738.21

26740.03

222.64

844.0464

290.00

792.66

13.63

-4818.846

-2419.56

-4167.37

-113.69

-5897.661

-3805.08

-4505.97

-178.80

-4796.71

-3686.01

-3069.49

-173.20

-2649.539

-2300.16

-1315.03

-108.08

-65.84733

-61.98

-22.24

-2.91

2566.273

2529.41

433.40

118.85

4980.591

4980.53

-24.47

234.03

7004.299

6891.93

-1249.63

323.85

8549.988

8020.80

-2961.27

376.89

9607.798

8300.15

-4839.14

390.02

10231

7812.73

-6605.64

367.11

10515.32

6733.84

-8076.34

316.42

10575.69

5265.55

-9171.65

247.42

10524.4

3583.13

-9895.67

168.37

10453.6

1806.58

-10296.31

84.89

9757.209

0.00

-9757.21

0.00

9789.578

-1691.82

-9642.28

-79.50

9864.763

-3358.55

-9275.44

-157.82

9919.429

-4938.81

-8602.51

-232.07

9856.25

-6311.79

-7570.14

-296.59

9556.557

-7297.71

-6170.19

-342.91

8897.97

-7686.93

-4481.62

-361.20

7775.676

-7294.41

-2693.09

-342.76

6124.304

-6026.05

-1092.63

-283.16

3935.891

-3935.84

-19.34

-184.94

1269.195

-1250.96

214.35

-58.78

-1752.586

1649.64

-591.82

77.52

-4955.332

4301.91

-2459.45

202.14

-8135.081

6251.36

-5205.77

293.75

-11081.41

7149.56

-8466.50

335.95

-13598.5

6827.87

-11760.07

320.84

-15521.18

5332.77

-14576.30

250.58

-16725.68

2918.26

-16469.13

137.13

-17135.75

0.00

-17135.75

0.00

Z1

Z2

T'

Z'

Rm

Rmmed

Rp

Rpmed

[N]

[N]

[N]

[N]

[N]

[N]

[N]

[N]

-17135.75 -9642.5553

0.00

-3746.60

25931.57

15518.91

3746.60

3517.57

-16582.16 -9527.9868

-633.26

-3527.09

25547.51

15518.91

3583.48

3517.57

-9163.022

-1027.25

-2760.72

24087.05

15518.91

2945.65

3517.57

-11860.20 -8495.4989

-1004.32

-1682.35

21773.56

15518.91

1959.32

3517.57

-8555.53 -7474.2259

-14684.47

-496.46

-540.65

18795.37

15518.91

734.01

3517.57

-6092.276

432.01

405.71

15439.17

15518.91

592.65

3517.57

-2518.07 -4427.7893

1595.07

954.86

12140.98

15518.91

1859.04

3517.57

-631.93 -2665.8483

2729.60

1016.96

9590.89

15518.91

2912.89

3517.57

-5280.86

194.22

-1087.371

3565.26

640.79

8675.96

15518.91

3622.39

3517.57

-18.75

-19.58355

3901.36

0.42

9605.32

15518.91

3901.36

3517.57

-1071.36 244.249604

3667.12

-657.81

11501.07

15518.91

3725.65

3517.57

-2651.95 -463.66766

2945.28

-1094.14

13514.69

15518.91

3141.95

3517.57

-4422.12 -2104.9934

1951.48

-1158.57

15239.57

15518.91

2269.48

3517.57

-6094.43 -4373.4897

978.09

-860.47

16543.16

15518.91

1302.72

3517.57

-7480.64 -6619.7492

323.55

-430.45

17430.59

15518.91

538.49

3517.57

-8502.11 -7629.1681

225.84

-436.47

17973.43

15518.91

491.44

3517.57

-9167.14 -4915.2659

760.54

-2125.94

18267.07

15518.91

2257.88

3517.57

-9529.22 5685.62657

1339.73

-7607.42

18401.16

15518.91

7724.49

3517.57

-9642.56 16435.0235

0.00

-13038.79

18438.37

15518.91

13038.79

3517.57

-9527.99 26740.0342

-3204.99

-18134.01

18399.91

15518.91

18415.06

3517.57

-9163.02 792.663667

-1803.92

-4977.84

18262.75

15518.91

5294.62

3517.57

-8495.50

-4167.371

-1228.90

-2164.06

17966.03

15518.91

2488.65

3517.57

-7474.23 -4505.9709

-1213.37

-1484.13

17422.68

15518.91

1917.00

3517.57

-6092.28 -3069.4924

-1759.77

-1511.39

16540.11

15518.91

2319.72

3517.57

-4427.79 -1315.0282

-2647.22

-1556.38

15249.32

15518.91

3070.85

3517.57

-2665.85 -22.235677

-3579.33

-1321.81

13546.49

15518.91

3815.59

3517.57

-1087.37 433.401228

-4263.23

-760.39

11560.36

15518.91

4330.51

3517.57

-24.46832

-4483.38

2.44

9674.78

15518.91

4483.38

3517.57

244.25 -1249.6286

-4158.71

746.94

8669.56

15518.91

4225.25

3517.57

-19.58

-463.67 -2961.2686

-3364.19

1248.80

9349.25

15518.91

3588.49

3517.57

-2104.99 -4839.1366

-2309.12

1367.07

11505.84

15518.91

2683.45

3517.57

-4373.49 -6605.6428

-1280.41

1116.08

14177.92

15518.91

1698.55

3517.57

-6619.75 -8076.3377

-571.89

728.29

16397.82

15518.91

926.00

3517.57

-7629.17 -9171.6459

-418.04

771.24

17011.77

15518.91

877.25

3517.57

-4915.27 -9895.6691

-892.43

2490.20

13828.51

15518.91

2645.29

3517.57

5685.63 -10296.313

-1407.02

7990.97

3269.29

15518.91

8113.90

3517.57

16435.02 -9757.2092

0.00

13096.12

7639.20

15518.91

13096.12

3517.57

26740.03 -9642.2809

3215.02

18191.16

18559.24

15518.91

18473.08

3517.57

792.66 -9275.4356

1824.27

5034.05

8008.41

15518.91

5354.40

3517.57

-4167.37 -8602.5134

1259.62

2217.57

13187.06

15518.91

2550.35

3517.57

-4505.97 -7570.1384

1253.35

1532.08

13835.33

15518.91

1979.44

3517.57

-3069.49 -6170.1915

1805.85

1550.35

12424.66

15518.91

2380.06

3517.57

-1315.03 -4481.6194

2693.38

1583.30

10369.18

15518.91

3124.28

3517.57

-22.24 -2693.0872

3616.22

1335.43

8818.27

15518.91

3854.92

3517.57

433.40 -1092.6297

4277.73

763.02

8736.59

15518.91

4345.25

3517.57

-24.47 -19.335986

4458.19

-2.57

10129.32

15518.91

4458.19

3517.57

214.34608

4071.44

-731.99

12182.35

15518.91

4136.72

3517.57

-2961.27 -591.82275

3185.58

-1184.72

14232.44

15518.91

3398.75

3517.57

-4839.14 -2459.4474

1999.12

-1189.84

15962.60

15518.91

2326.42

3517.57

-6605.64 -5205.7701

780.69

-699.94

17269.74

15518.91

1048.51

3517.57

-8076.34 -8466.4961

-207.86

195.08

18166.30

15518.91

285.06

3517.57

-9171.65 -11760.074

-781.16

1294.21

18723.14

15518.91

1511.69

3517.57

-9895.67 -14576.305

-874.82

2340.32

19031.83

15518.91

2498.48

3517.57

-1249.63

-10296.31

-16469.131

-555.84

3086.41

19177.41

15518.91

3136.06

3517.57

-9757.21 -17135.753

0.00

3689.27

18553.03

15518.91

3689.27

3517.57

-9642.28 -16582.158

623.23

3469.94

18515.55

15518.91

3525.46

3517.57

-9275.44 -14684.468

1006.90

2704.52

18380.70

15518.91

2885.87

3517.57

-8602.51

-11860.197

973.60

1628.84

18085.73

15518.91

1897.63

3517.57

-7570.14 -8555.5255

456.47

492.69

17540.90

15518.91

671.65

3517.57

-6170.19 -5280.8587

-478.09

-444.67

16650.46

15518.91

652.91

3517.57

-4481.62 -2518.0745

-1641.24

-981.77

15342.08

15518.91

1912.47

3517.57

-2693.09 -631.93016

-2766.49

-1030.58

13608.94

15518.91

2952.21

3517.57

-1092.63 194.215031

-3579.76

-643.42

11579.93

15518.91

3637.13

3517.57

-19.34 -18.749646

-3876.17

-0.29

9653.90

15518.91

3876.17

3517.57

214.35 -1071.3632

-3579.86

642.85

8672.17

15518.91

3637.12

3517.57

-2651.951

-2766.68

1030.06

9531.48

15518.91

2952.21

3517.57

-2459.45 -4422.1248

-1641.49

981.34

12049.38

15518.91

1912.46

3517.57

-5205.77

-6094.43

-478.37

444.33

15333.75

15518.91

652.89

3517.57

-591.82

-8466.50 -7480.6397

456.20

-492.93

18684.32

15518.91

671.63

3517.57

-11760.07 -8502.1079

973.35

-1628.98

21660.21

15518.91

1897.63

3517.57

-14576.30 -9167.1413

1006.72

-2704.58

23972.79

15518.91

2885.87

3517.57

-16469.13 -9529.2204

623.14

-3469.96

25432.93

15518.91

3525.46

3517.57

-17135.75 -9642.5553

0.00

-3746.60

25931.57

15518.91

3746.60

3517.57

Variatia FI, FII , Fj functie de [RAC]

20000

15000

10000

5000
FI, FII , Fj
0
0

60

120

180

240

300

360

420

480

540

600

660

-5000

-10000

-15000
FI
[N]
-20000
RAC

720

Variatia F,Fg,Fj
50000
Fg
[N]
40000

30000

20000
F,Fg,Fj [N]
10000

0
0

90

180

270

360

-10000

-20000

-30000
0 RAC

450

540

630

720

N,S functie de [RAC]

60000

N [N]
S [N]
50000

40000

30000

20000
N,S [N]
10000

0
0

60

120

180

240

300

360

-10000

-20000

-30000
0 RAC

420

480

540

600

660

720

T,Z functie de [RAC]

30000

T
[N]
25000

20000

15000

10000
T,Z [N]
5000

0
0

60

120

180

240

300

360

-5000

-10000

-15000

-20000

0 RAC

420

480

540

600

660

720

Momentul motor instantaneu M

500

400

300

200

100
M [Nm]
0
0

60

120

180

240

300

360

-100

-200

-300

-400
0 RAC

420

480

540

600

660

720

Momentul total
1500
Mt [Nm]

1000

500

Mt [Nm]
0
0

60

120

180

240

300

360

-500

-1000

-1500
0 RAC

420

480

540

600

660

720

T-Z
-30000

-20000

-10000

-10000

-8000

-6000

-4000

-2000

0
0

10000
Z [N]
20000

30000

40000

50000

60000
T [N]

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

Diagrama fortei rezultante Rm pe fusul maneton

30000

Rm [N]
25000

20000

Rm15000
[N]

10000

5000

0
0

60

120

180

240

300

360
RAC

420

480

540

600

660

720

T' - Z'
-42000

-32000

-22000

-12000

-5000 -4000 -3000 -2000 -1000

-2000 0
Z' [N]

8000

18000

28000

38000

T' [N]

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

Diagrama fortei rezultante Rp pe fusul palier

20000
18000
16000
14000
12000
Rp [N]
10000

Rp [N]

8000
6000
4000
2000
0
0

60

120

180

240

300

360
RAC

420

480

540

600

660

720

Date de intrare

Pm

70 kW

nm

70000 W

3700 rot/min

2. Calculul dinamic al autovehiculului

2.1 Calculul caracteristicii externe a motorului cu ardere interna

Coeficientul de elasticitate al motorului c=(0.450.65)

se adopta c=

0.6

Calculul coeficientilor 1,2,3

1= 0.75
2= 1.5

3= -1.25
Verificare 1+2+3=

Turatia la moment maxim nM= 2220

Mom la putere max: Mm=

m=
cmin= 300

180.66237 Nm

387.46
g/kWh

rot/min

Pe

Me

ce

Ce

ce

1000

20.13

192.24

337.94

6.80

67.588811

1100

22.59

196.10

331.29

7.48

66.258412

1200

25.09

199.63

325.43

8.16

65.086763

1300

27.61

202.83

320.30

8.84

64.059857

1400

30.16

205.70

315.83

9.52

63.165998

1500

32.71

208.24

311.98

10.21

62.395437

1600

35.26

210.45

308.70

10.89

61.740085

1700

37.80

212.33

305.97

11.57

61.193288

1800

40.32

213.88

303.75

12.25

60.749653

1900

42.80

215.11

302.02

12.93

60.404908

2000

45.24

216.00

300.78

13.61

60.155797

2100

47.62

216.56

300.00

14.29

60

2200

49.94

216.79

299.68

14.97

59.936083

2220

50.40

216.79

299.67

15.10

59.934259

2300

52.19

216.69

299.82

15.65

59.963459

2400

54.35

216.26

300.41

16.33

60.08238

2500

56.42

215.50

301.47

17.01

60.293938

2600

58.38

214.41

303.00

17.69

60.600092

2700

60.22

212.99

305.02

18.37

61.003717

2800

61.94

211.25

307.54

19.05

61.508668

2900

63.52

209.17

310.60

19.73

62.119874

3000

64.96

206.76

314.22

20.41

62.843466

3100

66.23

204.02

318.43

21.09

63.686934

3200

67.34

200.95

323.30

21.77

64.659333

3300

68.27

197.55

328.86

22.45

65.771543

3400

69.01

193.83

335.18

23.13

67.036596

3500

69.55

189.77

342.35

23.81

68.470097

3600

69.89

185.38

350.45

24.49

70.090763

3700

70.00

180.66

359.61

25.17

71.92111

3800

0.00

0.00

900.00

13.00

180

Diagrama caracteristiii externa

350

300

Me

ce

Pe

Ce

80

70

60
250

50
200

40

150
30

100
20

50

10

0
1100 1300 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500 2700 2900 3100 3300 3500 3700
1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800
n [rot/min]