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Observing osmosis in gummy bear

Date: 11 Febuary 2015


Member:
Natsompol (Mild)
Seen (Seen)
Navamin (Kia)
Praween (Pao)
Nattha (Nut)

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Introduction
There are 2 types of membrane transport systems including passive and active
transport. Active transport system usually work against a concentration gradient, pumping
molecules from a low concentration to high concentration. Passive transport doesnt require
energy. It utilizes already existing concentration gradients. There are 4 main kinds including
diffusion, facilitated, filtration and osmosis.
Osmosis is a diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane
from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. There are 3 different
types of solution in tonicity including hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic. Hypotonic solution is a
solution which contains concentration inside the cell less than concentration outside the cell.
Hypertonic solution is a solution which contains more concentration outside the cell than
concentration inside the cell . Isotonic a solution in which the concentration in both of outside
and inside are equal. Last week, we had spend 2 days in the laboratory observing osmosis in
gummy bears. We had comparing the effects of placing gummy bears in distilled water and
concentrated salt water.

Materials list
-2 Beakers
-Electronic Balance
-2 Gummy Bears
-Ruler
-Distilled water
-Concentrated salt water
-Calculator
-Weighing paper
-Gloves
-Lab coat
-Goggles

Purpose: To observe how Osmosis( The movement of water pass through membrane) function
differently in a different tonicity solution.In this experiment we use didstilled water as a hypotonic
solution and salt solution as a hypertonic solution.
Hypothesis: If the jelly bear in distilled water suck the water from outer jelly bear to inner the jelly
bear then the volume of jelly bear will be increased. If the jelly bear in salt solution release water
from inside the jelly bear to outside then the volume of jelly bear will be decreased.
Data Tables:
DATA TABLE A

Gummy Bear 1 ( Yellow )

Gummy Bear 2 ( Green )

Dimensions

Initial : before
soaking

Final : after
soaking in
distilled water

Initial : before
soaking

Final : after
soaking in salt
water

Length ( cm )

2 cm

1.6 cm

1.8 cm

1.8 cm

Width ( cm )

1 cm

1 cm

1.2 cm

1 cm

Height ( cm )

1 cm

1.8 cm

1.1 cm

0.9 cm

Volume (

cm

cm

2.88

cm

2.37

cm

1.62

cm

)
DATA TABLE B
Gummy Bear 1 ( Yellow )

Gummy Bear 2 ( Green )

Descriptive Observations Before Soaking in


Distilled water: Before gummy bear is soaking
in Distilled water its normal size, sticky and
dark yellow color.

Describe Observation Before Soaking in Salt


Water: Before gummy bear soaking in salt
water, its normal size sticky and dark green
color.

Descriptive Observations After Soaking in


Distilled water: After soaking in distliled water
the gummy bear become shrink.

Descriptive Observations After Soaking in


Salt water: After soaking in salt water the
gummy bear became swell.

DATA TABLE C

Gummy Bear 1 ( Yellow )

Gummy Bear 2 ( Green )

Mass in grams

Initial : Before
soaking

Final : After
soaking in
Distilled water

Initial : Before
soaking

Final : After
soaking in Salt
water

Gummy Bear
Mass ( g )

2.29 g

0.96 g

2.35 g

1.65 g

DATA TABLE D
Gummy Bears

Gummy Bear 1 ( Yellow )

Gummy Bear 2 ( Green )

Percent change ( Height )

80%

18%

Percent change ( Weight )

0%

16%

Percent change ( Length )

20%

0%

Percent change ( Volume )

44%

31%

Percent change ( Mass )

58.07%

29.78%

Bar Graph of Results:


Procedure :
Day 1
1. Collect materials for your group.
2. Use your ruler to find the height, length and weight of each gummy bear.
3. Calculate the volume of your gummy bear.
4. Use the electronic babree to find the mass of your gummy bear.
5. Record descriptive observations in your notebook about gummy bear.
6. Fill your beaker half way with distilled water.
Put one of your gummy bears into beaker.
Set beaker aside of one day.
7. Fill your 2nd beaker with concentrated salt solution half way.
Day 2
1. Collect groups beaker with gummy bears.
2. Carefully remove the gummy bears from the beakers.
3. Repeat steps 2-5 from Day 1.
4. Calculate the percent change in the size of each gummy bear.
Percent change in height (Height after- Height before/ Height before x 100% = ?)
Percent change in width
Percent change in length
Percent change in volume
Percent change in mass

Analyzing Results:
1.What happened to the gummy bear after being soaked in distilled water over night?
Why? Be descriptive and detailed in your answer. Use your knowledge of membrane
transport.
Ans The gummy bear which we soaked in distilled water get smaller and almost
dissolve. Because the concentration in the gummy bear is higher than the distilled water
so the water come inside but there are a lot of sugar in the gummy bear so the gummy
bear dissolved.

2.What happened to the gummy bear after being soaked in salt water over night?
Why? Be descriptive and detailed in your answer. Use your knowledge of membrane
transport.
Ans The gummy bear which we soaked in the salt water get a little bit bigger but
the mass decrease because in salt water have higher concentration than in the gummy
bear so the water came out.

3.Define the terms diffusion, passive transport, active transport, and osmosis. In
each of your definitions, describe the role of a concentration gradient.
Ans Diffusion mean movement of molecules from high concentration area to
lower concentration area. Passive transport defined by term of movement of molecule
without using energy. Osmosis is a diffusion of water of solvent molecule to the higher
concentration. Active transport is the movement of molecule against concentration
gradient, required energy.
4.Biological membranes are said to be selectively permeable (or semipermeable). What
does this term mean, and how does this affect the way that molecules are able to move
through cellular membranes?
Ans Biological membranes are said to be selectively permeable means nonpolar
molecules and tiny substances are allow to pass though the cell membrane. On the
another hand, polar molecules and ion substances use to have channal and carrier
protein to help them pass through the cell membrane.
5.Which type of molecule is more likely to quickly pass through a cellular
membrane via simple diffusion, polar or non polar? Why?
Ans non polar because The structure of a cell membrane allows only small

and non polar molecules to diffuse through it freely. Plasma membranes have a
non-polar region in the middle of the lipid bilayer. Therefore, small nonpolar
molecules can easily diffuse through this region compared to polar molecules or

ions(LIKE DISOLVE LIKE PRINCIPLE). But for the polar substances , they have
to use the channel and carrier protien to help them pass the membrane therefore
it will take more time than non-polar substances do.
Conclusion: Our hypothesis is relate to the result of this experiments. The volume of yellow jelly
bear ,which was soaked in distilled water,was increased because water from outside the jelly
bear diffuse through the jelly bear membrane to inside the jelly bear so the volume of yellow jelly
bear became increased. The volume of green jelly bear, which was soaked in salt solution, was
decreased because water inside the jelly bear diffuse through its membrane to outside because
salt solution is a hypertonic solution therefore its volume became decreased.

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