Volume of NaOH

(mL)
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5

RESULT

Titration 1

Titration 2

4.52
4.97
5.50
6.13
11.35
11.80
12.05
12.18

4.50
5.06
5.50
6.06
11.40
11.84
12.03
12.16

Titration 1
14
12
10

f(x) = 2.69x + 3.85

R = 0.87
pH=
8.4
Equivalence
point

8
pH

equivalenc
e point

6
pH= 8.2

4
1.72
mL

2
0
0

0.5

1.5

2.5

Volume of NaOH (mL)

3.5

Titration 2
14
f(x) = 2.69x + 3.87
R = 0.86

12

8.42

10

Equivalence point

8
pH

equivalence
point

4.21

4
1.73
mL

2
0
0

0.5

1.5

2.5

Volume of NaOH (mL)

3.5

Titration 1

Titration 2

1.72

1.73

0.86

0.87

pH at equivalence point

8.4

8.42

pH at distance to

4.2

4.21

6.31 x 10-5

6.17 x 10-5

Volume of bases at
equivalence point (mL)

Volume of bases distance to

equivalence point (mL)

equivalence point
Ka of acid

DISCUSSION
In this experiment, the acid ionization constants, Ka value of unknown acid solution is
determined by using titration method of unknown acid with strong base which is 0.1 M sodium
hydroxide, NaOH and by measuring the pH of the weak acid. Ka is a quantitative measure of the
strength of an acid which indicates the relative strength of an acid. In titration method when
strong base that is sodium hydroxide is added into a solution of weak acid, hydroxide ions, OH from strong base will react with hydronium ions until it reached its equilibrium. The pH value
will increase slowly and gradually when the number of moles of sodium hydroxide solution
added is equals to the number of mole of unknown weak acid.
Based on the experiment performed for the first titration, we can see that the pH changes very
slowly and gradually. From the graph of the first titration we can see that there is an increment of
pH value from 0 to 1.5 mL of NaOH but a sudden change of pH occur when 2.0 mL of NaOH is
added and the pH increase from 6.13 to 11.35. From the graph, the equivalence point is
determined which is 8.4. As we approach the equivalence point, the pH depends on the amount
of weak acid present and the amount of conjugate base that is formed during the neutralization.
At the equivalence point, all the weak acid is neutralized and converted to its conjugate base. The
Ka of the unknown acid was calculated using the half-equivalence point which is 6.31 x 10 -5. The
nearest Ka value of the weak acid is benzoic acid which is 6.46x10-5
Meanwhile for second titration, sudden change of pH occur when 2.0 mL of NaOH is
added and the pH increase from 6.06 to 11.40. The equivalence point is 8.42 and from the
equivalence point the Ka value calculated is 6.17 x 10-5. The nearest Ka value of the weak acid is
benzoic acid which is 6.46x10-5