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Category A/B1
MODULE 7
Sub Module 7.9
Contents
PIPES AND HOSES .................................................................................. 1
PIPE BENDING ....................................................................................... 2
BELLING/FLARING AIRCRAFT PIPES ....................................................... 4
INSPECTION AND TESTING OF AIRCRAFT PIPES AND HOSES ................ 9
INSTALLATION AND CLAMPING OF PIPES ........................................... 11
Category A/B1
Requests for the basic pipe material will require details of the:
Category A/B1
PIPE BENDING
To lessen the possibility of the pipe wall kinking when it is being
bent, it may be filled with a special alloy, which can be removed
after the bending operation. These alloys are known as fusible
alloys, some of which melt below 100 C and can, therefore, be
melted out by immersion in boiling water.
The pipe is oiled first, to prevent the alloy adhering to the tube
wall. It is next plugged at one end, pre-heated and then filled
with the melted alloy. Once cooled, the pipe can then be bent as
required.
Category A/B1
Pressure Indicator
Adjustable Stop
Adjustable Screw
Former
Roller
Bending Arm
Pipe
Guide
Category A/B1
Half Bushes
Latch Fitting
Threaded Sleeve
Rotation Handle
Pipe
Latch Fitting
Securing Screw
Expander Cone
Rotation Handle
Expander Cone
Threaded Sleeve
Category A/B1
Externally coned
adapter
Internally
coned adapter
Flared
pipe
Union
nut
Pipe to external
cone adapter
Spherical-ended
adapter nipple
Sleeve
Spherical-ended
adapter nipple
Pipe to internal
cone adapter
Pipe to pipe
Category A/B1
Flareless couplings
The flaring operation leaves the tube end in a stressed condition
which, as the flare takes a large amount of the vibration
loadings, can result in fatigue failure.
Hooked Sleeve
Under-ightened pre-set
To overcome this situation, the flareless coupling was
introduced. The flareless coupling, achieves its sealing
properties by the deformation of a sleeve, built into the coupling
(refer to Fig. 5). The end of this sleeve has a sharp, hooked
shape, which is known as a pilot. It is the action of this sharp
hook, cutting into the pipe, which provides the required sealing
properties.
The individual parts of the coupling are assembled and the nut
is simply screwed down on to its union until finger tight, then
turned one further turn with a spanner.
This action bows the sleeve and causes it to bite into the tube at
its forward end.
Over-tightened pre-set
Category A/B1
Chafing
Category A/B1
Once the flow test has been carried out, the oil pressure should
then be built up to that prescribed on the drawing, usually 1
times the maximum working pressure. The duration of the test
must give the pipe a chance to show any leaks or other
problems.
Pneumatic and oxygen pressure testing of pipes
These pipes are usually given an initial hydraulic pressure test,
using water as the test medium, followed by a compressed air
test that is limited to maximum system pressure. Using highpressure air during the test is very dangerous and the pipe(s)
under test should be placed behind a protective screen and/or
submerged in water.
PTC/CM/B1.1 Basic/M7/03
7.9 - 12
Category A/B1
Structure
Hose to tight