Boltzmann Distribution:

As temperature increases, molecules move faster and collide more frequently

because of the increased kinetic energy. At any temperature the kinetic energy
of molecules in a substance are spread over a wide range. Some molecules have
high kinetic energies, some have slow energy and many have medium energies.
The Boltzmann distribution is the distribution of kinetic energies in a gas at a
given temperature.

The frequency of two-part collisions in gases is proportional to the square root of

the kelvin temperature. If you increase the temperature from 293K to 303K, you
will increase the collision frequency by a factor of 1.7%. The rate of the reaction
will have doubled for that increase in temperature which can be seen in the T + t
graph.

However the increasing frequency of collisions does not generally increase the
rate of reactions by a great factor. The more important factor is the number of
molecules that collide with enough energy to get a reaction started which is
known as the activation enthalpy. This can be marked on a Maxwell-Boltzmann
distribution like the following diagram.

Only the particles represented in the area shaded green have a high enough
energy to react where as those in the area shaded in blue in the graph will
simply bounce apart due to the repulsion caused by the charges in bonds. So to
speed up the reaction you need to increase the number of molecules with

enough energy during collision to cause a reaction. The Boltzmann distribution

for a graph with the temperature T and the graph of an increased temperature
labelled T + t is shown below:

From the graph you can see that by increasing the temperature that the number
of molecules with an energy greater or equal to the activation enthalpy has
increased which means that more successful collisions will take place.
This can all be summarised by stating that reactions go faster at higher
temperatures because a larger proportion of the colliding molecules have the
minimum energy needed to react. Increasing the temperature may not have a
difference on the individual molecules but there is a bigger difference to the
proportion of molecules that have enough energy to react.