Small Fish

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Strengthening Institutional Capacity of DoF Project

ASPS II: DoF-Danida
Department of Fisheries, Bangladesh
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Strengthening Institutional Capacity of DoF Project
ASPS II: DoF-Danida
Department of Fisheries, Bangladesh
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Full Name
cyiv bvg
Date of birth
Rb ZvwiL (w`b/gvm/eQi )
Designation
cèx
Address
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bvg.........................................................cèx...........................................................
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01| SIS Gi c~Y ic KvbwU ?
K) Small Indian Species
L) Small Indigenous Species
M) Scaleless Indigenous Species
N) Short Indigenous Species
02| evsjv`k SIS gvQi msLv KZ?
K) 180-190wU
L) 140-150wU
M) 200-210wU
N) 130-140wU
03| QvU gvQi AvKvi KZ ?
K) 35 mwg. Gi Dci
L) 20 mwg. Gi bxP
M) 25 mwg. ch
N) 30-40 mwg
04| KvbwU wRIj gvQ ?
K) Zjvwcqv
L) cvsMvm
M) gvi
N) Dcii KvbwUB bq
05| Kvb gvQ Avqibi cwigvY mePq ewk ?
K) Zjvwcqv
L) cvsMvm
M) gvi
N) wks
06| KvbwU KvU wdk bq ?
K) wks
L) AvBo
M) K
N) Dcii me jvB
07| gvQ Pvli mePq AbyK~j wcGBP gvv KvbwU ?
K) 3.5-8.5
L) 7.5-8.5
M) 4.0-10.0
N) 6.5-9.0
12
08| Myjkv gvQi evwbK bvg KvbwU ?

K) Mystus vittatus
M) Mystus sutio
L) Mystus cavasius
N) Mystus armatus
09| grm Afqvkg vcbi dj wK NU ?
K) gvQ aiv nq
L) gvQi ivM fvjv nq
M) RjR RxeewP msiwZ nq
N) grmRxexì Avq Kg hvh
10| wks I gvi gvQi mevbyK~j cRbb Kvj ?
K) gvP-Gwcj gvm
L) mî-Avei gvm
M) Ryb-RyjvB gvm
N) Dcii KvbwUB bq
11| x wks gvQK cYvw`Z cRbb Ifvwcgi gvv
K) 2-3 wg.Mv./KwR gvQ
L) 6-8 wg.Mv./KwR gvQ
M) 12-14 wg.Mv./KwR gvQ
N) Dcii KvbwUB bq
12| wks, gvi I K gvQ Pvl m~iK Lv` Avwgli gvv KZ nIqv fvjv ?
K) 30-35%
L) 20-25%
M) 45-50%
N) 12-15%
13| evUv gvQi wbwl wWg KZ NUvq dzU?
K) 24-30 NUv
M) 14-16 NUv
N) 40-48 NUv
L) 4-8 NUv
14| bvmvwi cyKzi cwZ kZK wks gvQi gRy` NbZ?
K) 2,000-2,500wU
L) 8,000-1,000wU
M) 4,00-500wU
N) 1,500-2,500wU
15| wks gvQi iYy cvbvK cv_wgK Lvevi wnmve wK LvIqvbv nq ?
K) KvvW
L) Lji ov
M) wUDwed
N) Dcii KvbwUB bq
16| KvbwU RxeewP msiYi Rb cqvRb ?
K) mnbkxj gvvq gvQ AvniY
L) KviU Rvji evcK eenvi
M) AcwiKwZ grm Pvl mcmviY
N) Dcii mejvB
17| Kvb DcvqwU gvQ Pywi iva mnvqK ?

K) Abì mv_ cwZhvwMZvq Ask wbq cyKzi wjR bqv
L) mgvRi mKji mv_ Dg mK eRvq bv ivLv
M) mvgvwRK Rwoq cov
N) Dcii KvbwUB bq
18| Kvb KvRwU Kij evRvi gvQi `vg ewk cvIqv hvq ?
K) QvU eo gvQ evQvB Ki evRvi bv cvVvj
L) evRvi cvVvbvi AbK AvM _K gvQ ai iL
M) Rxe gvQ evRviRvZ Kij
N) evRvi ì bv Rb evRviRvZ Kiv
19| wks gvQ Kvb MYi Afy ?
K) Perciformes
L) Cypriniformes
M) Siluriformes
N) Clupeiformes
20| Climbing perch Kvb wU ?
K) K
L) wks
M) gvi
N) UvwK
21| AwZwi kvm AsM Kvb gvQi AvQ ?
K) K
L) wks
M) gvi
N) Dcii mejvB
22| Vitamin A-Gi Afve wK ivM nq ?
K) ewiewi
L) MjM
M) ivZKvbv
N) Dcii KvbwUB bq
23| cvbv cwienbi mgq wK KviY gviv hvq ?
K) AwRb ^Zv
L) Gvgvwbqvi gvv eo Mj
M) Zvcgvv eo Mj
N) Dcii mejvB
24| cyKyii cvwbi Zvcgvv cwiewZZ nq 10om. eo Mj gvQi Lv` MnY wK cwieZb nq ?
K) Kg hvq
L) wY eo hvq
M) cwieZb nh bv
N) wY Kg hvq
25| cyKzi GKevi wbweo fve gvQ Pvli ci cybivq gvQ Pvl ii AvM wK Kiv DwPZ ?
K) cybivq K/gvi/wks Pvl Kiv DwPZ
L) Zjvwcqv Pvl Kiv DwPZ bq
M) Kvjv Kv`v DwVq mw Z `qv
N) Dcii KvbUvB bq
14
GKK Abykxjbx
cvZwnK Rvbvj
GKK KvR
G Abykxjbxi Dk njv Kvm AwRZ vbi cwZdjb Kiv hvZ cwkYv_xMY Kvmi AwRZ vb I `Zvi
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mK BwZevPK f~wgKv cvjb KiZ cvib|
1. w`b kl 5-10 wgwbU mgq H w`bi wkYxq welqMyjv wbR wbR cybivjvPbv Kib|
2. Kvm kl ewMZfve wK wkLjb, Kvb welqwU Avcbvi KvQ iZc~Y wQj, Ges fwelZ Zv
wKfve cqvM Kieb Zv mswfve wjLyb|
3. wbgi QK Abyhvqx mswfve Kvmi welqvw` wjL ivLZ cvib|
Kvhg
Kvhg _K ewMZfve Avwg Kx

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Kiev
cvZwnK RvYvj
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gvV Pvwlì mv_ KvR Kivi mgq

Z_ MnY cwZ I Zvi cfveKmg~n
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GKK Abykxjbx
MvwdwU evW (Graffiti Board)

GKK KvR
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Abyhvqx c`c MnY KiZ cvib|
1. Kvmi mvweK Kvhgi Ici Kvb gZvgZ ev civgk _vKj Zv Graffiti
cwkK cwZw`b MvwdwU evW `Leb Ges DwjwLZ gZvgZi cwZfve èb|
16
Board-G
wjwce Kib|
AsKi Ljv
wbgi AsKjvi Rb wekl wb`kbv njv h, + wP viv weqvM, wP viv fvM, wP viv hvM I
wP viv Y eySvbv nqQ|
mgq : 20 mK
1. 7+ 4 =
2. 4- 2 =
3. 63 =
4. 33=
5. 6 2 =
6. 3 2 =
7. 4 + 2 =
8. 6 - 2 =
9. 43=
10. 6 3 =
11. 1 2 =
12. 2 3 =
13. 5 + 2 =
14. 4 2 =
15. 8 + 4 =
cvZwnK cybivjvPbv
GKK/`jxq Abykxjbx
G Abykxjbxi Dk njv c~ew`bi Kvhg cybivjvPbv Ges c` mvKvjxb KvR Dcvcbi myhvM mw Kiv hvZ
AskMnYKvixMY AwRZ AwfZvi wewbgq KiZ cvib|
K. cybivjvPbv
c_g w`b eZxZ cwZw`b iZB jUvwii gvag H w`bi cybivjvPbv Awaekb Dcvcbvi Rb GKRb
cwZwbwa wbevPb KiZ ne| wbevwPZ cwkYv_x AvMi w`bi DcvwcZ mejv Awaekb _K iZc~Y
GKwU wkYxq welqi Ici 5 wgwbU mgq ee ivLeb| eei g~j welq ne welqwU wK, Kb iZc~Y Ges
wKfve Zv fwelZ KvR jvMveb|
GKBfve cwkK Avi GKRb cwkYv_xK jUvwii gvag wbevPb Kieb whwb MZ w`bi mg welqjv
mKji AskMnYi gvag 15 wgwbU mgq ai cybivjvPbv Kieb|
Dciv `yRb DcvcKi mvweK Dcvcbvi Ici 10 wgwbU mgq c_g mKj cwkYv_x I ci cwkK
BwZevPK I bwZevPK cwZfve èb|
Kvb AskMnYKvixi MZw`bi AvjvPbvq Kvb welq RvbZ ev eySZ Amyweav nj Zv mskvab Ki wbb|
mvKvjxb KvRi Dcvcb
c~ew`b c` mvKvjxb Abykxjbx mwVKfve Rb wbb|
Kxfve Dcvcb Kieb Zv wbaviY Kib|
K Dcvcb Kieb Zv wbaviY Kib|
wbw` mgqi ga Dcvcb, AvjvPbv I ck-Di ce kl Kib|
18
gyW wgUvi
cwZw`bi Awaekb kl cwkYv_xMYi gbvfve A_vr Zuviv cwZ w`bi Awaekbmn mvgwMKfve Zvì mwi
welqwU gyW wgUvii gvag Dcvcb Kieb| mnvqZv`vbKvix AvU ccvi wkU Qwei gvag wZb aibi mwi welq
Dcvcb Kieb| cwkYv_xMY cZK cwZw`b Awaekb kl wUK () wPi gvag Zv c~iY Kieb|
w`b
1g
2q
3q
4_
5g
`j MVb
`j MVbi chvq
h Kvb KvRi Dk `j MVb Kvj `ji m`mì ga wbR wbR `wfw, wfb wfb gbvfve I Abi gZvgZ
cwZnZ Kivi BQv we`gvb _vK, dj mgSvZvc~Y `j MVb RwUjZvi mw nq|
`j MVbi mgq mvaviYZt PviwU chvq j Kiv hvq t
1. cwZKvj (Forming)
cZK wfb wfb gbvfve wbq Aevb Ki

cZKB wbR wbR `wfw cwZwZ Kivi cPv Pvjvq
AskMnY AZv mxgve _vK
cZKB ay wbR wbR KvR wbq wPZv fvebv Ki
`j fwelr wmv evevqbi wfw wnmve wbqgvejx MVbi wPv Ki|
2. cwZev`Kvj (Storming)
ZK-weZK cKU nq I GKZv _vKbv

cv_wgKfve cZ wbqgvejx, bZZ I AvPiYwewa asm nq
m`miv GK Abi cwZ k fvevcb nq, Kvb AvjvP welq wbRi wmv `pZv c`kb Ki
evoZ _vK, `j MVbi wbqgvejx gvbv nq bv, hyw c`vb evoZ evoZ D evK wewbgq i nq
hw` G AevK mdj fve cwZnZ Kiv hvq, Zv nj `j MVbi eve mZ Dk, wbqg I ixwZbxwZ wbaviY
Kiv me nq|
3. ixwZbxwZKvj (Norming)
AbK cwZnZ Kivi BQv `gb nq, `jK my`p I HKe nIqvi j ixwZbxwZ cwZv jvf Ki
`jxq m`miv `jK AvwiK fve MnY Ki I GK Abi wPv ev AvPiYK ^vfvweK fve MnY Ki
`jK vqxic Ìqvi BQv cvlY Ki
`j cvYe nq|
4. evevqbKvj (Performing)
`j c~YZv jvf Ki I cZvwkZ dj `q
ay Dciv wZbwU i cvi nIqvi ci G i Avmv me nq|
G i m`miv hnZz GK Abi cwZ Zvì KvRi mcK eySZ cvi ZvB mnRfve wbR wbR `vwqZ cvjb
KiZ cvi
`j wbR wbR fwgKv I `vwqZ bgbxq nq Avm
`jxq kw KvR icvwiZ nq
bZzb bZzb wPv-fvebv I mgvavb cKvk cvq|
20
GKUv fvj `ji m`mì bqwU fwgKv

mgSvZvc~Y fvj `j mvaviYZt wbv bqwU Pwii mvb cvIqv hvq t
1.
mg^qKvix (The Co-ordinator)

wZwb `jbZv wnmve KvR Kib| AvZ-wekvmx, mvejxj fve K_v ejZ cvib, fvj kvZv, wmv MnY Zivw^Z
KiZ cvib, `jxq m`mì KvR Ae`vb ivLZ mgfve mvnvh KiZ cvib|
mvaviY `yejZv t wKQyUv wbRi c myweav MnYKvix|
2.
eywi SjK c`vbKvix (The Spark)

wZwb `ji GKRb Acwinvh m`m, whwb wewfb bZzb bZzb aviYv `b, mRbkxj, Mvovgxgy I Kbv kwai|
mvaviY `yejZv t aviYv cqvM eywi NvUwZ, Aeve aviYv|
3. evevqbKvix (The Implementor)

wZwb `ji KvRi evnb I AvbyMZi mv_ hywi gvag aviYvK evevqb mvnvh Kib|
mvaviY `yejZv t aygv hLbB wRvmv Kiv nq Kb KvRwU Kie ZLbB ay Zv evLv Ki| Kbv KiZ Ag|
4. `w wbeKvix (The fixer)

wZwb `ji ewngyLx `w c`vbKvix, ezfvevcb, Abi mv_ hvMvhvM ivq `, bZzb myhvM mwKvix|
mvaviY `yejZv t wbqg k&Ljv weewRZ, A`~i`kx mcb|
5. wekl (The Specialist )

`ji g~jevb vb I `Zv c`vb welq gyL ew, GKK wPvKvix, wbR _K KvR GwMq hZ cvi, wbRK
KvR DrmMKvix Ges Kvb Kvb mgq cwiKbv/evevqb evnZ nj ZLb bZzb cwiKbv/Kkj c`vbKvix|
mvaviY `yejZv t wecì mgq mnvqZv `vb Ag|
6.
ic`vbKvix (The Shaper)

wZwb mvaviYZt `ji ^-wbevwPZ bZv, MwZkxj, wb:mskqx, ewngyLx, hywev`x, cfve mwKvix, evav KvwUq DVvi
ceYZv|
mvaviY `yejZv t Abi AcQ`bxq, `yeji cwZ ejcqvMKvix, weivaxì wcq Zvjb|
7. cwiexY-g~jvqbKvix (The Monitor - Evaluator)

wZwb `ji cv_i ev wfw, Kkj wbaviYKvix AvZ-wbqwZ, weklYKvix, AgyLx `w c`vbKvix, cPzi Z_K
`Zvi mv_ mwVK fve weklY KiZ cvib|
mvaviY `yejZv t AveM ewRZ axi-wi, Kbv KiZ Ag|
8. `jxq Kgx (The Team Worker)

wZwb `ji Dc`v I weiva wggvsmvKvix, mvgvwRK, DcjwKvix, cwiwwZi mv_ Lvc LvIqvZ cvib| mgvavb
mcK mPZb, `jxq mcxwZ ivKvix, `ji `yhvMKvj AZ cqvRbxq ew|
mvaviY `yejZv t wbcwKviK bb|

9. mgvwKvix (The Completer/Finisher)
`ji mgq m~Px wbaviY I KvRi wevwiZ evLvq `ji KZZKvix, cavb fzjmg~n I ev` cov welq wPwZKvix|
mvaviY `yejZv t GwMq hvIqvi evcvi wbwjZv, z` z` welq `ywv|
Awaekb cwiKbv
w`b t 1
mgq t 10.00-11.00
gqv`Kvj t 60 wgwbU
wkivbvg t
Awf `j t
grm Awaì I Abvb msvi KgKZve`
cwkYv_xìK `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQi iZ I Pvli myweav mwKZ aviYv c`vb Kiv hvq hvZ
Zuviv G vb KvR jvwMq gvQ Pvwlì cqvRbxq mnvqZv KiZ cvib|
Dk
G Awaekb cwkYv_xMY `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQi A_bwZK I cywMZ iZ Ges Pvli myweav
mK Z_ wfwK vb AvniY Kieb Ges G mK ejZ cvieb I gvQv Pvwlì kLvZ
cvieb|
welqm~wP
f~wgKv
AvjvP welqmg~n
cwkY cwZ
mgq
4 wgwbU
eZv
^vMZ
c~eeZx Awaekbi cybivjvPbv
PjwZ Awaekbi AeZviYv
Awaekbi Dk evLv
welqe
50 wgwbU
eZv I ckvi
Kkj
QvU gvQi mvebv

A_bwZK iZ
cywMZ iZ
Pvli myweav
mvi msc
6 wgwbU
Dk hvPvB
g~j welq cybivjvPbv
nv AvDU weZiY
cieZx Awaekbi mv_ mshvM vcb
abev` vcb
cwkY mnvqK mvgMx t nvqvU evW, wdcKvW, gvKvi, nv AvDU, BZvw`|
22
ee

AvengvbKvj _K evsjv`ki gvbyl cvwYR Avwgli Pvwn`v c~iY I RxweKv wbevn `kxq cRvwZi gvQi Ici AbKvsk
wbfikxj| G`k iqQ AsmL b`x-bvjv, Lvj-wej, cyKzi-w`Nx, nvIi-euvIo, wej I cvebf~wg hv gvQi cvKwZK
Avevmj I Pvli Rb LyeB DchvMx| Avgvì `k iqQ 1.03 wgwjqb ni AvqZb wewk cvq 24 nvRvi
wKjvwgUvi `xN b`x I gvnbv, 114 nvRvi ni wej, 68 nvRvi ni AvqZbi KvvB jK, 5 nvRvi ni RjvqZbi
euvIo ev giv b`x, cvq 2 j ni AvqZbi myìebi Lvwo Aj Ges 28.3 j ni AvqZbi cvebf~wg| AZxZ
GB wekvj Rjvf~wg cvKwZK fveB grm m` ficyi wQj | lvU I mi `kK G`ki gvU grm Drcv`bi kZKiv
cvq 70 fvM AvmZv Gme Rjvf~wg _K| AvnwiZ gvQi hgb wQj cvPzhZv ZgbB wQj Zvi cRvwZ ewP| `k wgVv
cvwbi gvQi cRvwZi msLv 260 Ges wPswoi cRvwZi msLv 24| abx-Mixe wbwekl mKjiB `bw`b Lv` ZvwjKvi
AbZg Dcv`vb wQj `kxq QvU cRvwZi ewPc~Y Gme gvQ| (Wahab catal, 2003)| m mgq Avwgli Drm wnme `ya,
wWg ev gvsm GZ mnRjf wQj bv, MvgxY RbMvxi Avwgli cavb Dcv`vbB wQj G QvU cRvwZi `kxq gvQ|
eZgvb `kxq QvU cRvwZi gvQi cvPzhZ
v I Drcv`b gv^q nvm cvQ| MvgxY RbMvxi cywnxbZvi Rb `kxq
QvU gvQi AcvcZv AbKvskB `vqx| cvkvcvwk Mvg-kni wbwekl meB Gme gvQ gB `ycvc nq DVQ|
Abw`K QvU gvQi Drcv`b Kg hvIqvq `wi` grmRxexì Avqi DrmI AvksKvRbKfve Kg MQ| Gme QvU
gvQi ga 50wU cRvwZ mPivPi AfixY Rjvkq cvIqv hvq; hvi DjLhvM Ask gB msKUvcbi w`K GwMq
hvQ| A_P G mKj `kxq cRvwZi gvQi cywY I evRvi g~j AbK ewk| `ki gvU Drcvw`Z gvQi ga (23.29
j gwUK Ub) cvq 11 kZvsk Avm we`kx cRvwZi gvQ _K| vbxq iB RvZxq gvQ _K Avm cvq 22 kZvsk Ges
67 kZvski ewk Avm `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQ _K (DoF 2005)| cwimsLvb Abyhvqx `Lv hvq Drcvw`Z gvQi
wmsnfvMB (cvq 90 kZvsk) `kxq cRvwZi wgVvcvwbi gvQ| ZvB grm m` Dbqb, msiY I eevcbvq `kxq
cRvwZi gvQ mKj weePbvq AMvwaKvihvM|
weMZ `y`kK ai evRvi QvU gvQi Zxe Afve `Lv hvQ| cvKwZK RjvkqI AvMi gZv `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQ
Avi `Lv hvq bv| cvKwZK cwieki cwieZb, AwaK AvniY, AcwiKwZ evua I ivv wbgvY, Rjvkq fivU, gvQi Z
ivM, Kwl RwgZ mvi I KxUbvkKi AwbqwZ eenvii dj G`ki Rbwcq QvU gvQjv gvivZK gwKi gyL|
(Felts et.al. 1997) weMZ `kK fvev nZv QvU gvQ eo gvQi gZv evo bq I Zvì cwZhvMx; QvU gvQi evRvi
ìI wQj Kg| Gme KviY gvQ Pvwliv iBRvZxq gvQi mv_ `kxq QvU gvQ cyKzi Pvl KiZ ne GK_v wPvB KiZ
bv| eis cyKzi wel cqvM Ki Gì mg~j webvk Ki djZv| `wi` gvQ Pvwliv Zvì cyKzi iBRvZxq gvQi Pvl
wVKB KiQ, wKy Zviv cwievii cywi cqvRbK Dcv Ki gvQ wew Ki A_ DcvRbKB ewk iZ w`q AvmQ|
ZvZ Ki gvQ Pvl mI Zvì cwievii m`mì cywnxbZv _KB hvQ| G eveZvi wbwiL `wi` gvbyli bM` A_
I cyw Pvwn`v c~iY iBRvZxq gvQi msM QvU gvQi wgkPvli wewfb chyw Dveb Kiv nqQ| Gfve Pvli gvag
wKQz gvQKI hw` msiY Kiv me nq Zvnj Zv gvQi RxeewP ivqI mnvqK ne|
`kxq QvU gvQi cywMZ iZ

evsjv`ki AwaKvsk Mixe gvbyl Kvb bv Kvb cywnxbZvq fyMQ| cwZ eQi 30 nvRvii AwaK wk wfUvwgb-G Gi
Afve ivZKvbv ivM Avv nq| Mvgi gvbyli 57% cqvRbxq wfUvwgb-G Gi Afve, 89% Avqibi Afve, 80%
Kvjwmqvgi Afve Ges 53% i k~bZvq fyMQ| `kxq QvU gvQ wekl Ki gjv, cyuwU, Xjv, BZvw` cywY mg
weavq ivZKvbv, ik~bZvmn AcywRwbZ ivM cwZiva iZc~Y f~wgKv cvjb Ki| QvU gvQi KvuUv I gv_vi Ask
Ges gvsmckxZ cqvRbxq Kvjwmqvg, dmdivm I wRsK _vK hv wkì nvo MVb LyeB cqvRbxq| wekl Ki gjv
gvQi Kvjwmqvg `yai mv_ Zzjbxq| Mixe gvbyl mnR kvK-keRxi mv_ QvU gvQ ivbv Ki cwievii mKj wgj Lq
cywi Pvwn`v gUvZ cvi|
mviv wek mnRcvP DbZgvbi cvwYR Avwgl wnmve gvQi Aevb mevM| QvU gvQ cPzi cwigvY Avwgl Ges gvbe
`ni Rb AZvekKxq 10wU Amino acid AvQ| gvQi Avwgl i Kjviji gvv Kgvq| gvQi `ni IgMv-3
Fatty acid ii AbyPwKvK RgvU euvaZ evuav `q Ges dzmdzmi c`vn KgvZ mnvqZv Ki| gvQi Zj wKWbxZ
cv_i nIqvi SuywK Kgvq| gvQ Kg-ewk 72% cvwb, 19% Avwgl, 8% Pwe, 0.15% Kvjwmqvg, 0.25% dmdivm Ges
0.10% Vitamin-A, B, C, D AvQ| AbK eo gvQi Zzjbvq QvU gvQi cywgvb ewk nq _vK| QvU gvQ cPzi
cwigvY Kvjwmqvg, dmdivm, jn I AvqvwWbi gZ LwbR c`v_ _vK hv kixii ivM cwZiva eevq bZzb gvv
hvM Ki| Kvjwmqvg ùvZ I nvo MVb mnvqK| dmdivm bZzb Kvl mwZ mnvqZv Ki _vK| jvBwmb I mvjdvi
mg AZvekKxq Amino acid QvU gvQ ewk cwigvY _vK| AZ, MjM I i k~bZv `~ixKiY QvU gvQi iZ
Acwimxg| QvU gvQ cPzi cwigvY Amino acid _vK, hv wk, gwnjv I e gvbyli PvLi `w kw ewmn ivZKvbv
ivM cwZiva mnvqZv Ki| G Qvov MfeZx gwnjv I `y`vbKvix gvqì i k~bZv _K ivq QvU gvQ wekl
iZcYy Ae`vb ivL| MfeZx gwnjvì QvU gvQ LvIqvj evPvi gw, ZK, PvLi MVb Ges nvo I ùvZi MVb
mwVK I ^vfvweK nq|
Avgvì `k mvaviYZt hfve gvQ KvUv I avqv nq ZvZ gvQ we`gvb AbK cyw ayq Pj hvq| gjv gvQi `ni
wewfb Ask cixv Ki `Lv MQ h, gjv gvQ we`gvb gvU Vitamin-A Gi cwigvY PvLi Ask mePq ewk
(53%), cUi Ask 39%, kixii mvgbi Ask 7% Ges jRi Ask 1% _vK| gvQ KvUvi mgq gv_v KU dj
w`j gvQ we`gvb wfUvwgbi ewki fvMB dj `qv nq| mRb gvQ KvUvi mgq ev avqvi mgq Gme welq wekl
mZKZv Aej^b KiZ ne|
mviwY-1. KwZcq QvU I eo gvQi cywYi ZzjbvgyjK wP ( cwZ 100 Mvg fYhvM Ask)|
eo gvQ
QvU gvQ
gvQi cRvwZ
cuywU
gjv
gvi
K
wks
cve`v
Usiv
dwj
micywU
Lwjmv
Xjv
iB
KvZj
gMj
KvwjevDm
evqvj
wPZj
cvsMvm
wmjfviKvc
Avwgl
(Mvg)
18.9
15.8
15.0
14.8
22.8
19.2
19.2
19.8
15.5
16.1
16.3
16.6
19.5
19.5
14.7
15.4
18.6
14.2
16.3
Pwe
(Mvg)
2.4
4.1
1.0
8.8
0.6
2.1
6.5
1.0
9.5
3.9
1.4
2.4
0.8
1.0
2.7
2.32
10.8
-
kKiv
(Mvg)
3.1
15.0
4.2
4.4
6.9
4.6
1.1
3.1
4.4
3.0
3.3
-
jn
(Mvg)
0.96
0.007
0.70
1.35
0.26
1.3
0.30
0.16
0.54
0.9
0.0009
0.0009
0.9
0.33
0.62
2.98
0.0005
0.003
24
Kvjwmqvg
(Mvg)
1.06
1.071
0.172
0.41
0.67
0.31
0.27
0.59
0.22
0.46
1.26
0.68
0.53
0.35
0.32
0.16
0.18
0.18
0.268
dmdivm
(Mvg)
0.95
0.30
0.39
0.65
0.21
0.17
0.45
0.12
0.36
0.15
0.21
0.28
0.38
0.49
0.25
0.13
-
wfUvwgb
(gvBvMvg)
37.00
1960
32
937
17
QvU gvQ Pvli myweavejx
AwaKvsk QvU gvQB cvKwZKfve eQi GKvwaKevi cRbb Ki _vK| ZvB Kwg cRbb cwZi wekl
cqvRb co bv|
QvU gvQ Kg mgqB eqtcv nq, dj eskewZ myweav nq|
QvU gvQ Lye A mgqB LvIqv ev evRviRvZKiYi DchvMx nq|
QvU gvQ cvq me aiYi Rjvkq Pvl Kiv hvq, iB RvZxq gvQi mv_ wgkPvlI Kiv hvq|
AbK QvU gvQ wekl Ki wRIj gvQ Kg AwRb I ewk Zvcgvvq euP _vKZ cvi|
PvlKvjxb mgq Qv&U gvQ AbeiZ AvniY I gRy` Kiv hvq|
QvU gvQ evRvi hKvb AvKviB weqhvM nq _vK|
Abvb gvQi Zzjbvq QvU gvQi eZgvb Pvwn`v I evRvi g~j AbK ewk|
G mKj gvQ Kg ivM nq I Giv weZ cwiek mnbkxj|
`kxq I AvRvwZK evRvi G mKj gvQi evcK Pvwn`v iqQ|
Kvb Kvb QvU gvQi (K, wks I gvi) evwYwRKfve evcK Pvl mvebv iqQ|
QvU gvQ IRbi AbycvZ msLvq ewk nq ej cwievii m`mì gvS eUb myweav nq|
QvU gvQ Pvl Ki `vwi` wegvPb I Kgmsvbi myhvM mw Kiv hvq|
Dcmsnvi t
QvU gvQ gRyì `yB-wZb gvm ci _K wbqwgZ weiwZZ gvQ ai cwievii cqvRbxq gvQi Pvwn`v c~iY Ges AwZwi
gvQ evRvi wew Kiv hvq| AbK mgq eo gvQi Zzjbvq evRvi QvU gvQi `vg ewk cvIqv hvq| dj Pvwl
A_bwZKfve AwaK jvfevb nq| `kxq QvU gvQjvi ga gjv, Xjv, cve`v, cyuwU, Pvwcjv, K, wks, gvi, Lwjkv,
Usiv, Myjkv, gwb, BZvw` LyeB my^v`y I AZ Rbwcq| Ac~e ^v`, cywY I DP evRvig~j weePbvq Gme gvQK
euvPvZ ne Ges Gì Pvl mcmviYi cqvRbxq D`vM MnY KiZ ne| `kxq cRvwZi gvQ ivi Rb Kej
msiYg~jK eev wbjB h_ ne bv| wKfve Ab cRvwZi mv_ evwYwRK fve Pvli (Commercial Culture) Aaxb
bqv hvq m welq c`c MnY KiZ ne| ZvnjB cKZc G me gvQ wUwKq ivLv me ne| mevcwi `kxq Kw
I mvswZi mv_ mc HwZnmg~nK wUwKq ivLvmn G`ki RxeewP Dbqbi Rb `kxq QvU gvQi Pvl
eevcbv I msiY AZ cqvRb|
wdc PvU cwiKbv

A_bwZK iZ t
A mgq AwaK gybvdv me |

`k-we`k evRvi Pvwn`v iqQ|
evwYwRKfve Pvl mvebv evcK|
Avav-wbweo I wbweo cwZZ Pvl AwaK
Drcv`b I evcK Kgmsvb Gi myhvM
iqQ|
`vwi` wegvPb DjLhvM Ae`vb ivLQ |
cywMZ iZ-2
cywMZ iZ-1
QvU gvQ cPyi cwigvY Kvjwmqvg, dmdivm, jn
I AvqvwWb _vK|
QvU gvQ cPzi Vitamin A, B, C, D _vK|
QvU gvQ jvBwmb I mvjdvi mg AZvekKxq

Amino acid _vK|
QvU gvQ AZ, MjM I i k~bZv cwZiva

mnvqK|
gvQi `ni Kvjwmqvg ùvZ I nvo MVb f~wgKv

ivL|
dmdivm bZzb Kvl mwZ mnvqZv Ki|
gvQi IgMv-3 Fattyt acid ibvjxZ AbyPwKvK

RgvU evuaZ evuav `q|
gvQi Zj wKWwbZ cv_i nIqvi SuywK Kgvq|
eo I QvU gvQi cywgvbi ZzjbvtgvQi cRvwZ
eo gvQ
QvU gvQ
`kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQi iZ

I
Pvli mvebv
Pwe
kKiv
(Mvg) (Mvg)
2.4
3.1
4.1 15.0
1.0
4.2
8.8
4.4
0.6
6.9
2.1
4.6
6.5
1.1
1.0
9.5
3.9
3.1
1.4
2.4
0.8
4.4
3.0
3.3
`kxq QvU gvQ Pvli myweav-2
`kxq QvU gvQ Pvli myweav-1
cuywU
gjv
gvi
K
wks
cve`v
Usiv
dwj
micywU
Lwjmv
Xjv
iB
KvZj
gMj
Avwgl
(Mvg)
18.9
15.8
15.0
14.8
22.8
19.2
19.2
19.8
15.5
16.1
16.3
16.6
19.5
19.5
AbK QvU gvQB cvKwZKfve e I Dby Rjvkq

GKvwaKevi cRbb Ki _vK|
Kg eqm eqtcv nq|
me Rjvkq Z_vt cyKiz , Wvev, PevPv ev LuvPvZ
Pvl Kiv hvq|
evsjv`ki gvwU, AvenvIqv I Rjevqy Gì Pvl
DchvMx|
GKK I wgk Pvl DchvMx|
PvlKvjxb AbeiZ AvniY Kiv hvq|
26
cywgvb ewk, LZ my^v`y|

AwaK NbZ Pvl me|
cwZK~j cwiekI euvPZ cvi|
Gì Kg ivM nq I weZ cwiek
mnbkxj|
^ mgq Pvl Ki evRviRvZ Kiv hvq|
Qv&U gvQ IRbi Zzjbvq msLvq ewk nq
weavq Lvevi mgq cwievii mevi gvS
eUb Kiv hvq
Awaekb cwiKbv
w`b t 01
mgqt 11.15-12.15
gqv`Kvjt 60 wgwbU
wkivbvg
t `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQi mvaviY cwiwPwZ
Afx `j
t grm Awaìi KgKZve`
t G Awaekb AskMnYKvixMY `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQi mvaviY cwiwPwZ welq vb I `Zv ew
KiZ cvieb hvZ Zviv AwRZ vbi AvjvK `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQi Pvl eevcbvq I
msiY cqvRbx c`c MnY KiZ cvib|
Dk
t Awaekb kl cwkbv_xiv `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQi vbxq bvg RvbZ cvieb|
evwbK bvg RvbZ, ejZ I wjwce KiZ cvieb|
Qwe `L gvQ mbv KiZ cvieb|
welqm~wP
f~wgKv
AvjvP welq
AskMnYKvixì ^vMZ Rvbvbv

Kzkjvw` wewbgq
DchvMx DxcK Kvhg
PjwZ Awaekbi Dci AvjvKcvZ
DyKiY
cwkY Kkj
mgq
3 wgwbU
eZv
welqe
52 wgwbU
`kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQi mv_ mvaviY cwiwPwZ|
eZv
I
ckvi
mvi-msc
g~j welqmg~ni cybivjvPbv|
Dk hvPvB
nvAvDU weZiY
cieZx Awaekbi Dci AvjvKcvZ
abev` vcb|
cwkY mnvqK mvgMx t evW, gvKvi, nvAvDU, wdcPvU, BZvw`
5 wgwbU
ckvi I
eZv
`kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQi mvaviY cwiwPwZ I Rxewe`v

QvU gvQi mvaviY cwiwPwZ
AvKviMZ w`K _K gvQ mvaviYZ `ycKvi- eo gvQ I QvU gvQ| lvU I mi `kK cvKwZK Rjvkq QvU-eo Dfq
gvQiB cvPzhZv wQj Ges gvU Drcvw`Z gvQi kZKiv 70 fvMi ekx AvmZv cvKwZK Rjvkq nZ| wK `Z
RbmsLv ew, cvKwZK I gbylm wewfb KviY cvKwZK Rjvkq gvQi Drcv`b kZKiv 40 fvM bg GmQ| iB
RvZxq gvQi Pvlvev` ewi dj gvU Drcv`b c~ei Zzjbvq ew cjI G `ki `wi` RbMvxi cywi Pvwn`v c~iYi
Rb iB RvZxq gvQi cvkvcvwk AwaK cywmg QvU gvQi Pvl mcmviY I cvKwZK Rjvkq msiY Kiv AvekK| G
Rb QvU gvQi msM cwiwPZ nIqv GKv cqvRb|
QvU gvQi msv wbq wKQyUv weZK iqQ| Ze beB `kK QvU gvQ wbq KwZcq MelYvq 25 mwg. ch AvKvii
gvQ jvK QvU gvQ wnmve AwfwnZ Kiv nq| GLb ch GUvB QvU gvQi Mnb hvM cwiwPwZ| BsiwRZ QvU gvQ
Small Indigenous Species (SIS) bvg cwiwPZ| evsjv`kmn `wYc~e Gwkqvi AbK MelK QvU kYxi gvQK Self
Recruiting Species (SRS) bvgI AwfwnZ Ki _vKb| G`k cvc ^v`y cvwbi 260 cRvwZi gvQi ga AwaKvskB
QvU gvQ kYxfy ej aviYv Kiv nq| hwÌ mwVK msLv GLbI wbaviY Kiv nqwb| W. BDmyd Avjx (Felts et al.
1997) Zuvi GK ce gvnbv _K b`xZ AwfcqvYKvix gvQmn QvU gvQi 143 cRvwZ DjL KiQb| Ze cvq 50
cRvwZi QvU gvQ mPivPi Avfixb Rjvkq cvIqv hvq| QvU gvQmg~ni GKwU ZvwjKv Uwej- 2 `qv njv|
Uwej-2 QvU gvQi ZvwjKv
wgK
1.
evsjv/vbxq bvg
dzj Pjv
evwbK bvg
Salmostoma phulo
2.
Qvc Pjv
Chela cachius
3.
Kvk Lqiv
Chela laubuca
4.
Nvov Pjv
Securicola gora
5.
Pjv
Salmostoma argentea
6.
bvwiKj Pjv
Salmostoma bacaila
7.
`vowKbv
Esomus danricus
8.
`vowKbv
Rasbora rasbora
9.
`vowKbv
Rasbora daniconius
10.
Gjs
Rasbora elanga
11.
fvj
Barilius bola
12.
LvKkv
Barilius shacra
28
Qwe
wgK
evsjv/vbxq bvg
evwbK bvg
13.
evwb LvKkv
Barilius barna
14.
cv_i PvUv
Barilius tileo
15.
eovwj
Barilius barila
16.
Rqv, KvKkv
Barilius bendilisis var. chedra
17.
Rqv
Aspidopataria jaya
18.
govwi
Aspidopataria morar
19.
KvKkv
Barilius bendilisis var. cosca
20.
LvKkv
Barilius vagra
21.
euvkcvZv
Danio devario
22.
AbRy
Danio rerio
23.
wQewj
Danio aequipinnatus
24.
wbcvwZ
Danio dangila
25.
gjv
Ambylpharyngodon microlepis
26.
gjv
Ambylpharyngodon mola
27.
Xjv
Osteobrama cotio cotio
28.
Riqv
Chagunius chagunio
29.
Riqv
Osteochilus hasseltii
30.
Riqv, Nwiqv
Labeo boggut
31.
GbMU
Labeo angra
32.
NvovgyBLv
Labeo pangusia
33.
Lyikv
Labeo dero
34.
ebiB
Labeo sp.
35.
micyuwU
Puntius sarana
Qwe
wgK
evsjv/vbxq bvg
evwbK bvg
Qwe
36.
Pvjv cyuwU
Puntius chola
37.
gjv cyuwU
Puntius gaganio
38.
dzUvwb cywU
Puntius phutunio
39.
wSwj cyuwU
Puntius gelius
40.
Uwi cywu U
Puntius terio
41.
Kvb cyuwU
Puntius cosuatis
42.
wZZ cyuwU
Puntius ticto
43.
RvZ cyuwU
Puntius sophore
44.
KzkvwU
Puntius carnatieus
45.
Kvjv evUv
Crossocheilus latius
46.
Ni cvqv
Garra gotyla
47.
cvqv
Garra annandalei
48.
evwj PvUv
Nemachilus zonalternans
49.
evwj PvUv
Acanthocobitis botia
50.
KwiKv
Schistura corica
51.
Xwi
Schistura beavani
52.
Xwi
Schistura beavani
53.
Xwi, Mvs Zzg
Nemacheilus sikmaiensis
54.
LiKv
Nemachilus spp.
55.
kvIb LiKv
Nemacheilus savona
56.
cvbMv
Pangio pangia
57.
gvi
Clarias batrachus
58.
evqvwj cve`v
Ompok bimaculatus
30
wgK
evsjv/vbxq bvg
evwbK bvg
59.
gay cve`v
Ompok pabda
60.
QvU cve`v
Ompok pabo
61.
wks
Heteropneustes fossilis
62.
wks
Olyra longicaudate
63.
PvMv
Checa checa
64.
KvRwj
Ailia coila
65.
KvRwj
Ailiichthys Punctata
66.
evZvwk
Pseudeutropius atherinoides
67.
evPv
Eutropichthys vacha
68.
NvIov
Chandramara chandramara
69.
NvIov
Amblyceps spp.
70.
NvIov, QvU wks
Amblyceps mangois
71.
NvIov
Clupisoma garua
72.
gywo evPv
Clupisoma murius
73.
Usiv
Batasio batasio
74.
Usiv
Batasio tengana
75.
jkv
Mystus cavasius
76.
jkv
Mystus bleekeri
77.
eyRywi Usiv
Mystus tengra
78.
Usiv
Mystus vittatus
79.
bybv Usiv
Mystus gulio
80.
bybv Usiv
Glyptolhorax indicus
Qwe
wgK
evsjv/vbxq bvg
evwbK bvg
Qwe
81.
Usiv
Mystus armatus
82.
Mvs Usiv
Gagata nangra
83.
Mvs Usiv
Gagata gagata
84.
Mvs Usiv
Gogangra viridescens
85.
Mvs Usiv
Gagata youssoufi
86.
KvIqv RswM
Gagata cenia
87.
KzUv Kvw
Erethistes pussilus
88.
KzUv Kvw
Hara jerdoni
89.
KzUv Kvw
Hara hara
90.
KwP
Corica soborna
91.
KzwPqv
Monopterus cuchia
92.
Aa VuvUv
Hyporhamphus limbatus
93.
wmmi
Sisor rhabdophorus
94.
wmmi, nviv gvQ
Conta conta
95.
UwjwPUv, Kvwb Usiv
Psudolaguvia shawi
96.
UwjwPUv
Glyptothorax telchitta
97.
UwjwPUv
Glytothorax spp.
98.
UvwK, jvUv
Channa punctatus
99.
Pvs
Channa orientalis
100.
KvwKjv
Xenentodon cancila
101.
KvwKjv
Hyporhamphus gimardi
102.
GK VuvUv
Zenarchopterous ectuntio
103.
GK VuvUv
Dermogenys pusillus
32
wgK
evsjv/vbxq bvg
evwbK bvg
104.
wUUvwi
Psilorhynchus sucatio
105.
evbcvbv
Aplocheilus panchax
106.
evbcvbv
Oryzias melastigma
107.
evwj Uviv
Psilorhynchus balitora
108.
evwj Uviv
Psilorhynchus gracilis
109.
Kzwgii wLj
Microphis deocata
110.
Kzwgii wLj
Microplis chokderi
111.
Kzwgii wLj
Microplis cuncalus
112.
evUv
Labeo bata
113.
fvb evUv
Labeo boga
114.
fvsbv, UvUwKwb
Cirrhinus reba
115.
cvnvwo Zzg
Somileptes gongota
116.
ivYx/ egvQ
Botio dario
117.
ivYx/cyZzj
Botio Lohachata
118.
Zzg
Lepidocephalichthys guntea
119.
Zzg
Lepidocephalichthys annandalei
120.
cyBqv
Lepidocephalichthys irrorata
121.
cyBqv
Lepidocephalus berdmorei
122.
cyBqv
Neoecirrhicthys maydelli
123.
Pvwcjv
Gudusia chapra
124.
MwY Pvwcjv
Gonialosa manminna
125.
Zviv evBg
Macrognathus aculeatus
126.
wP evBg
Macrognathus pancalus
127.
Lijv
Rhinomugil corsula
Qwe
wgK
evsjv/vbxq bvg
evwbK bvg
Qwe
128.
KwP
Mugil cascasia
129.
Pzbv Lwjkv
Colisa sota
130.
Lwjkv
Colisa fasciata
131.
jvj Lwjkv
Trichogaster chuna
132.
eBPv Lwjkv
Colisa labiosa
133.
bdZvwb
Ctenops nobilis
134.
bdZvwb, K evw`
Psudorphromenus cupanus
135.
Anabas testudineus
136.
ej
Glososogobius giuris
137.
bybv ej
Brachygobius nunus
138.
bvwdZ
Badis badis
139.
gwb/f`v
Nandus nandus
140.
bvgv Pv`v
Chanda nama
141.
ivv Pv`v
Pseudambassis ranga
142.
KuvUv Pv`v
Psudambassis baculis
143.
wZb PvLv
Aplocheilus panchax
Drmt Felts et al. 1997, Hoq 2004, Rahman 2004 Ges Siddiqui et al. 2007.
34
wdcPvU cwiKbv
`kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQi mvaviY cwiwPwZ
QvU gvQi ZvwjKv
25 mwg. AvKvi ch gvQjvK QvU gvQ A_bwZK I cywgvbi w`K _K iZc~Y Ges
mnRjf cRvwZi (hgb- gjv, Xjv, jkv, RvZ cuywU,
ej
K, wks, gvi, cve`v, evUv, Pvwcjv) cwkK wdc PvU
BsiRxZ QvU gvQ SIS (Small indeginous
Zix Ki c`kb Kieb|
species) bvg cwiwPZ|
QvU gvQi msv
AbK MelK QvU kYxi gvQK SRS (Self

recruiting species) bvg AwfwnZ Kib|
Awaekb cwiKbv
w`bt 01
wkivbvg
Afx `j
j
Dk
mgqt 12.15-13.15
gqv`Kvjt 60 wgwbU
t PvlhvM `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQi Rxewe`v

t G Awaekb AskMnYKvixMYK `kxq cRvwZi PvlhvM gvQ mg~ni evwnK ewk, evmvb,Lv` I
Lv`vfvm, cRbb Kvj, wWg aviY gZv I Pvl cwZ mK aviYv c`vb Kiv|
t Awaekb kl cwkYv_xiv `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQi evwnK ewk mK RvbZ cvieb|
evmvb, Lv` I Lv`vfvm mK vb mg KiZ cvieb |
cRbb Kvj I wWg aviY gZv mK aviYv cveb|
Pvl cwZ mK vb jvf Kieb
Awaekbi AvjvP welq
cwkY Kkj
f~wgKv
mgq
3 wgwbU
1.
2.
3.
4.

c~eeZx Awaekbi cybivjvPbv
DyKiY
eZv
welqe
52 wgwbU
PvlhvM `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQi Rxewe`v|
eZv
I
ckvi
mvi-msc
5 wgwbU
g~j welhmg~ni cybivjvPbv|

Dk hvPvB
nvAvDU weZiY
abev` vcb|
cwkY mnvqK mvgMx t evW, gvKvi, nvAvDU, wdcPvU, BZvw`|
36
ckvi I eZv
PvlhvM `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQi Rxewe`v

QvU gvQ cywgvbi w`K _K iZc~Y njI me gvQB PvlhvM bq| PvlhvM ne wKbv evcvi Aviv MelYv chvRb|
PvlhvM KwZcq `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQi Rxewe`v wbg AvjvPbv Kiv njv|
gjv gvQi Rxewe`v (Biology of Mola fish)

gjv gvQi kYxwebvm (Classification)
Phylum - Chordata
Class- Actinopterygii (=Osteichthyes)
Order- Cypriniformes
Family- Cyprinidae
Genus- Amblypharyngodon
Species- A. mola
vbxq bvg t gjv

BsiRx bvg t Mola carplet
evwnK ewk
gjv gvQi `n wKQyUv Pvcv| gyL Mni Dcii VuvU bB| c I cvqy cvLbvZ Mvp `vM `Lv hvq| wkiùvov eivei Dj
icvjx eYi `vM KvbKvi wcQb nZ jR ch weZ| jR Z `yfvM wef| gjv mvaviYZ 9 mwg. ch j^v nq
_vK| gjvZ cPzi cwigvY wfUvwgb-G AvQ hv wkì AZ I ivZKvbv ivM cwZiva mnvqZv Ki| G Qvov m~Y
gvQ KuvUvmn LvIqv hvq ej Kvjwmqvgi AfveI `~i nq| dj nvo I ùvZi MVb fvj nq|
Avevmj
Qwe t gjv gvQ
G gvQ me aiYi Rjvkq cvIqv hvq| Ze cavbZt b`x, cvebf~wg, avbZ, wej, euvIo, Lvj Ges cyKzi cvIqv hvq|
gjv mvaviYZ Rjvkqi Dcwi fvMi Dw` Ges cvYx cvsKUb Lvq| iB RvZxq gvQi mv_ ev cyuwUi mv_ wgk Pvl Kij
fvj Drcv`b cvIqv hvq|
Lv` I Lv`vfvm
gjv gvQ Rjvkqi Dcwi fvMi Ges gaii Lv` Lvq| c~Y eq gjv GKKvlx Ges ZRvZxq kIjv, Dw` I cvYx
cvsKUb, cvUvRvqv, AveRbv, Dw`vsk Lq _vK|
cwicZv I cRbb
gjvi cRbb Kvj g _K Avei ch| Giv eQi `yevi cRbb Ki| Ze cRbbi mePq Dchy mgq AvM gvm|
Mo wWg aviY gZv cvq 4000wU|
Xjv gvQi Rxewe`v (Biology of Dhela fish)

Xjv gvQi kYxwebvm (Classification)
Phylum - Chordata
Family- Cyprinidae
Genus- Osteobrama
Species- O. cotio cotio
vbxq bvg t Xjv

BsiRx bvg t Cotio
evwnK ewk
Xjv gvQi gyL QvU I VuvU bB| `n Puvcv, wekl Ki e`k (KvbKv cvLbvi wcQb _K cvqy cvLbv ch) Zx
fve Pvcv| `ni Dcwi fvM c cvLbvi Mvovq ekx MvjvKwZ wK wbPi Ask wKQyUv Kg| wkiùvov iLv my
`Lv hvq| `ni Dcwi fvMi AvuBk QvU duvUvmn icvwj eYi nq _vK| cvqy cvLbv j^v| cyQ cvLbv fve
`yfvM wef| Xjv gvQi Mo `N 11 mwg. ch nq _vK| avb Z KvwcI gvQi mv_ Xjv gvQ Pvl fvj
Drcv`b cvIqv hvq|
Qwe t Xjv gvQ
Avevmj
G gvQ me aiYi Rjvkq evm Ki| Ze cavbZt b`x, cvebf~wg, wej, euvIo, Lvj Ges cyKzi ekx cvIqv hvq|
Lv` I Lv`vfvm
Xjv gvQ mef~K Ze cavbZt Dcwi fvMi Lv` Lvq| c~Y eq Xjv GKKvlx Ges ZRvZxq kIjv, Dw` I cvYx
cvUb, AveRbv, BZvw` Lq _vK|
cwicZv I cRbb
Xjv gvQ eQi `yevi cRbb Ki| Gì cRbbi mePq Dchy mgq g _K RyjvB gvm| Mo wWg aviY gZv cvq
1,050 _Ki 9,360 wU|
38
RvZ cyuwUi Rxewe`v (Biology of Jat puti)

RvZ cyuwUi kYxwebvm (Classification)
Phylum - Chordata
Family- Cyprinidae
Genus- Puntius
Species- P. sophore
RvZ cyuwUi vbxq bvg t RvZ cyuwU

BsiRx bvg t Spotfin swamp barb
evwnK ewk
cyuwU gvQi 7 wU cRvwZi ga RvZ cuywU Pvli Rb DchvMx| G gvQi `n Pvcv I wcQbi Ask mi| `ni wbgfvM
mv`v wK DcwifvM Dj QvB _K meyRvf QvB eYi nq _vK| gyL QvU I Kvb Muvd bB| KvbKvi wVK wcQbB c
cvLbv I c cvLbvi wbPB e cvLbv AewZ| `n `ywU Kvjv Mvj duvUv AvQ, hvi GKwU KvbKvi wcQb QvU
Kvjv duvUv AbwU eo Kvjv duvUv hv cvq~ cvLbvi Dci _vK| wkiùvov iLv Am~Y| G cyuwU Mo 5 mwg. I mevP
14 mwg. nq _vK| gjvmn Abvb QvU gvQ A_ev iB RvZxq gvQi mv_ Pvl Ki fvj Drcv`b cvIqv hvq|
Qwe t RvZ cyuwU

Avevmj
G gvQ me aibi Rjvkq evm Ki| Ze cavbZt b`x, cvebf~wg, avb Z, wej, euvIo, Lvj Ges cyKzi ekx cvIqv
hvq|
Lv` I Lv`vfvm
RvZ cuywU mvaviYZt gaii Lv` Lvq| c~Y eq RvZcyuwU cvsKUwbK kIjv, ivwUdvi, vvwmqvbm&, cvKvgvKo, RjR
AvMvQv, cwidvBUvb, evwj I Kvu`vhy AvRebv, BZvw` Lq _vK|
cwicZv I cRbb
G gvQi cRbb gmyg njv g _K Avei| wWg aviY gZv 3,260 _K 31,280 wU|
K gvQi Rxewevb (Biology of Koi fish)

K gvQi kYxwebvm (Classification)
Phylum - Chordata
Class-
Actinopterygii (=Osteichthyes)
Order- Perciformes
Family- Anabantidae
Genus- Anabas
Species- A. testudineus
mvaviY/ vbxq bvg t K gvQ

BsiRx bvg t Climbing perch
Qwe t K gvQ
evwnK ewk
K gvQ evsjv`k LyeB Rbwcq gvQ wnme cwiwPZ| GwU GKwU wRIj gvQ A_vr Giv mvgvb cvwbZ `xNY euP _vKZ
cvi| G gvQi gv_v eo I cvq wKvYvKwZ| `ni eY KvjP-meyR ev ev`vwg-meyR | gv_vmn mviv`n k AvuBk w`q
XvKv| `yUv PvqvjB ùvZ AvQ| c I e cvLbv avivjv KuvUvhy| jR AaP`vKwZ| wki`vuov iLv `yfvM wef| K
gvQ KvbKv w`q jfvM PjvPj KiZ cvi| KvbKvi wcQb Kvjv dvuUv we`gvb|
`kx K gvQi cvkvcvwk AviKwU bZzb RvZ _vBjv _K Avbv nqQ| hv _vB K bvg cwiwPZ| Gì `n eY `kx
K gvQi Zzjbvq nvjKv dvKvk aiYi Ges `ni DcwifvM QvU QvU Kvjv `vM _vK| eZgvb evsjv`k AbK
AjB mxwgZ AvKvi _vB K mdjfve Pvlvev` nQ|
Avevmj
K cavbZ: gy Rjvkq ev cvebf~wgi gvQ| Ze mvaviYZ: Lvj-wej, nvIi-euvIo, cyKzi-w`Nx, Wvev-bvjv Ges wbgwZ
avb ZI `LZ cvIqv hvq| G gvQjv Avovwjqv RvZxq Dw` Kjwg, njv Ges RjR Abvb Svc-Svo I Wvjcvjv AaywlZ Rjvkq emevm KiZ cQ` Ki| K gvQ MZ wbgwZ MvQi woi Zjvq ev myo emevm Ki Ges
mvZnxb Ave cvwbZ ewk `LZ cvIqv hvq|
Lv` I Lv`vfvm
K gvQ mvaviYZ KxU-cZfvRx Ges Kvgwoq Kvgwoq Lvevi Lvq| RxebPi wewfb chvq Giv wewfb aiYi Lv`
Lq _vK| hgb-
40
iYy chvq t AvUwgqv, Ry-cvsKUb, z` RjR cvKv-gvKo BZvw` AvKlbxq Lv`|
RyfbvBj chvq t Ry-cvsKUb, z` RjR cvKv, wUDwewdwmW Iqvg|
eqvcv Aevq t RjR cvKv-gvKo, eb_vm, wUDwewdwmW, z` wPswo I gvQ, WwUUvm, cPbiZ cvwYR
èvw`|
cwicZv I cRbb
c_g eQiB K gvQ cwicZv jvf Ki I eQi GKevi cRbb Ki| mevP 17 mwg.j^v nq| K gvQi Dchy
cRbbKvj Gwcj _K RyjvB gvm| Ze Giv gvP gvm _K mî gvm ch cRbb mb Ki _vK| cRbb ii
c~e elvi ew bvgjB cRbbi Rb Giv avbZ, Wvev, cKzi-bvjv, Lvj-wej BZvw` vb Pj hvq| mvaviYZ Giv h
RvqMvq _vK m RvqMvq cRbb Ki bv| ZvB wewWs gvBMkbi gvag vb e`j Ki bq| AZ:ci Giv bZzb vb
Gm Svuc-Svo RvZxq Dwì ga Avkq wbq wWg Qvo I cRbb mb Ki _vK| Gì wWg fvmgvb| Zvcgvvi
Dci wbfi Ki 18-24 Nvi ga wbwl wWg dzU evPv ei nq| D evPv/iYy cvbvi Kzmyg_wj 2/3 w`bi ga g
g kl nj Av Av cvKwZK Lv` MnY Ki Ges gv^q eo nq| Gì cYvw`Z cRbbI Kivbv hvq| cyil K
gvQi Zzjbvq x K gvQ AvKvi wKQyUv eo nq| GKwU 80-100 Mvg IRbi K gvQi wWg aviY gZv 6,000- 8,000
Gi ga nq _vK|
wks gvQi Rxewevb (Biology of Shing fish)

wks gvQi kYxwebvm (Classification)
Phylum - Chordata
Order- Siluriformes
Family- Heteropneustidae
Genus- Heteropneustes
Species- H. fossilis
vbxq bvg t wks

BsiRx bvg t Stinging catfish
evwnK ewk
wks gvQi `n j^v, mvgbi w`K bjvKvi, wcQbi w`K Puvcv, AuvBkwenxb Ges gv_vi Dci- bxP Pvv| `ni is QvU
Aevq ev`vgx jvj Ges eo Aevq a~mi KvjP| gyL Pvi Rvov Muvd (Barbel) _vK| gv_vi `ycvk welv `yywU KuvUv
(Spine) AvQ| c cvLbv (Dorsal fin) QvU MvjvKwZ Ges cvqy cvLbv (Pelvic fin) ek j^v, cyQ cvLbv (Caudal fin)
MvjvKwZ | wcVi `ycvk `ywU AwZwi kmbh (Accessory respiratory organ) iqQ| eZgvb evsjv`ki wewfb
GjvKvq `kx wks gvQ GKK ev wgk cwZZ me aiYi Rjvkq mdjfve Pvl nQ|
Qwe t wks gvQ
Avevmj
wks gvQi cavb Avevmj Lvj, wej, cvebf~wg, nvIi-euvIo, cyKiz , Wvev- bvjv, wbgwZ avbZ | G Qvov K`gv
Zjvi gvwUZ, MZ wbgwZ MvQi Mywoi Zjvq ev myo Giv emevm KiZ cQ` Ki| mvZnxb Ave cvwbZ Gì
ewk `LZ cvIqv hvq| wks gvQ AvMvQv, `j, KPzwicvbv, cuPv jZv-cvZv, Wvj-cvjv Aa~wlZ Rjvkq ^vQ` emevm
KiZ cvi|
Lv` I Lv`vfvm
wks gvQ mvaviYZ mef~K (Omnivorous), Rjvkqi Zjvi Lv` Lq _vK| wks gvQ Zvì Rxeb Pi wewfb chvq
wewfb aiYi Lv` Lq _vK|
iYy chvq t AvUwgqv Ges Ry-cvUb, z` RjR cvKv-gvKo BZvw` AvKlbxq Lv`|
RyfbvBj chvq t Ry-cvUb I z` RjR cvKv, wUDwewdwmW Iqvg|
eqvcv Aevq t RjR cvKv-gvKo, eb_vm, w&UDwewdwmW Iqvg, z` wPswo I gvQ, WwUUvm, cPbiZ
cvwYR èvw`|
cwicZv I cRbb
wks gvQ GK eQiB cwicZv jvf Ki Ges cRbbg nq| Giv mvaviYZ 20-30 mwg. ch j^v nq| wks gvQ eQi
GKevi cRbb Ki _vK| Giv cvKwZK cwiek AMfxi Suvc-Svo RvZxq Dw`hy GjvKvq cRbb mb Ki| Ze
eZgvb `ki wewfb nvPvwiZ mxwgZ AvKvi mdjfve cYvw`Z cRbbi gvag cvbv Drcvw`Z nQ|
wks gvQi Dchy cRbbKvj g gvm _K mî gvm ch| Ze Ryb- RyjvB gvm mevP cRbb mb Ki _vK|
x wks gvQ cyil wks gvQ Acv AvKvi eo nq _vK| mvaviYZ 40 _K 70 Mvg IRbi wks gvQi wWg aviY gZv
8,000-10,000 wU| cwic wWg nvjKv meyR _K ZvgvU eYi nq| wbwl wWg AvVvjv nq Ges wbgwZ AvMvQv, ZY,
Wvj-cvjv BZvw`Z jM _vK|
gvi gvQi Rxewevb (Biology of Magur Fish)

gvMyi gvQi kYxwebvm (Classification)
Phylum - Chordata
Order- Siluriformes
Family- Claridae
Genus- Clarias
Species- C. batrachus
vbxq bvg t gvi

BsiRx bvg t Walking catfish
evwnK ewk
gvi AuvBkwenxb wRIj gvQ| `n jvjP ev`vwg ev a~mi Kvjv| Gì gv_v ek Pvv I gyL ck| c (Dorsal fin) I
cvq~ cvLbv (Pelvic fin) j^v Ges jRi Ask ch weZ| jRi Ask Pvcv I MvjvKwZ| gyL Pvi Rvov Muvd
(Barbel) AvQ| wcVi `yB cvk `yUv AwZwi kmbh (Accessory respiratory organ) iqQ, hvi dj Giv `xNY
cvwb Qvov euP _vKZ cvi| evsjv`ki wewfb GjvKvq mxwgZ AvKvi mdjfve `kx gvi gvQi cvbv Drcv`b I
Pvl nQ|
Qwe t gvi gvQ
42
Avevmj
Lvj, wej, cvebf~wg, nvIi-euvIo, cyKzi w`Nx, Wvev- bvjv Ges wbgwZ avb Z gvi gvQi cavb Avevmj| Giv
Kvu`vhy cvwbZ GgbwK K`gv Zjvi gvwUZ&, MZ, wbgwZ MvQi woi Zjvq ev myo emevm KiZ cQ` Ki|
mvZnxb Ave cvwbZ Ges AvMvQv, bj- LvMov I KPzwicvbv, cuPv Wvj-cvjv hy Rjvkq emevm KiZ cQ` Ki|
Lv` I Lv`vfvm
gvi gvQ mvaviYZ mef~K (Omnivorous) Ges Rjvkqi Zjvi Lv` Lq _vK| Giv Rxeb Pi wewfb chvq wewfb
aiYi Lv` Lq _vK| Gì Lv`vfvm AbKUv wks gvQi gZB| hgb
iYy chvq t AvUwgqv Ges Ry-cvsKUb, z` RjR cvKv-gvKo BZvw`|

RyfbvBj chvq t Ry-cvsKUb I z` RjR cvKv, wUDwewdwmW Iqvg|
eqvcv Aevq t RjR cvKv-gvKo, eb_vm, wUDwewdwmW Iqvg, z` wPswo I gvQ, WwUUvm, cPbiZ cvwYR
èvw`|
cwicZv I cRbb
gvi gvQ GK eQii gaB cwicZv jvf Ki Ges eQi GKevi cRbb Ki _vK| Giv mvaviYZ 20-30 mwg. ch
j^v nq| GKB eqmi x gvi gvQ cyil gvi gvQi Zzjbvq wKQyUv AvKvi eo nq| Giv cvKwZK cwiek cRbb
mb Ki| Ze eZgvb mdjfve cYvw`Z cRbbi gvag mxwgZ chvq cvbv Drcvw`Z nQ| Gì cRbbKvj g
gvm _K AvM gvm ch| Ze Ryb-RyjvB gvm mevP cRbb Kvj wnme weewPZ| cRbbi mgq byZb cvwb Avmvi
mv_ mv_B Giv AwfcvqY Ki wbKUeZx avbZ, cvebf~wgZ Avm Ges mLvb gvwUZ MvjvKvi MZ Ki ZvZ wWg
Qvo| gvi gvQi wWg aviY gZv `wnK IRbi Ici AbKvsk wbfikxj| mvaviYZ 80 _K 100 Mvg IRbi
gvi gvQi wWg aviY gZv 7,000-10,000 wU| gvii cwic wWg nvjKv meyR _K ZvgvU eYi nq _vK|
wbwl wWg AvVvjv Ges MvQi Wvj-cvjv I AvMvQvq jM _vK|
cve`v gvQi Rxewe`v (Biology of Pabda fish)

cve`v gvQi kYxwebvm (Classification)
Phylum - Chordata
Family- Siluridae
Genus- Ompok
Species- O. pabda
vbxq bvg t cve`v

BsiRx bvg t Butter catfish
evwnK ewk
cve`v gvQi `n AvuBkwenxb| gvQwU AvKvi Pv Ges mvgbi w`K _K wcQbi w`K mi| `ni DcwifvM a~mi
icvwj I cUi w`K mv`v eYi| gyL ek eo I euvKvbv| gyL 2 Rvov Mvud AvQ| bxPi Pvqvj Dcii Pvqvji Pq
ek eo Ges Pvqvj ùvZ AvQ| c cvLbv QvU, cvqy cvLbv ek j^v, jR `yfvM wef| wkiùvov iLvi DcwifvM
njy`vf Wviv `vM `Lv hvq| KvbKvi wcQb Kvjv duvUv AvQ| G gvQi `N 15-25 mwg. nq _vK| g-RyjvB
G gvQi cRbb Kvj| wWg aviY gZv 11,000 _K 20,000wU| cve`v cvKv-gvKo I kIjv Lvq| x gvQ cyil
gvQi Pq AvKvi eo nq|GKK ev wgk cwZZ G gvQ Pvl Kiv hvq|
Qwe t cve`v gvQ

Avevmj
evsjv`ki me b`x-bvjv, Lvj-wej, nvIi-euvIo, elvq cvweZ f~wgZ Gì cvIqv hvq|
Lv` I Lv`vfvm
cve`v gvQ Rxeb Pi wewfb chvq wewfb aiYi Lv` Lq _vK| hgb
iYy chvq t Ry-cvUb I cvUvRvqv Lq _vK|

RyfbvBj chvq t Ry-cvUb I z` RjR cvKv Lq _vK|
eqvcv Aevq t z` wPswo, KPuv, eo RjR Dwì Ask wekl, AveRbv, BZvw` Lq _vK|
PvlKZ cyKzi myiK Lv` wnmve mwilvi Lj I wdk wgj `qv hvq|
cwicZv I cRbb
cve`v gvQ c_g eQiB cwicZv jvf Ki Ges eQi GKevi cRbb Ki _vK| G gvQi cRbb gmyg njv g _K
AvM| Ze Ryb Ges RyjvB gvm mevP cRbb nq _vK| cvKwZK fve cve`v gvQ mvaviYZt nvIi, wej I ebv cvweZ
Rjvkq cRbb Ki _vK| eZgvb cYvw`Z cRbbi gvagI cvbv Drcvw`Z nQ| cwic wWgjv meyR _K
ZvgvU eYi nq _vK| GKwU 40-100 Mvg IRbi cve`v gvQi wWg aviY gZv 3,260 _K 31,280wU|
jkv gvQi Rxewe`v (Biology of Golsha fish)

jkv gvQi kYxwebvm (Classification)
Phylum - Chordata
Class- Osteichthyes
Order- Actinopterygii (=Osteichthyes)
Family- Bagridae
Genus- Mystus
Species- M. cavasius
vbxq bvg t jkv

BsiRx bvg t Catfish
evwnK ewk
jkv gvQi `n Pvcvbv Ges wcVi Ask euvKv| G gvQi gyL ek QvU I Dcii Pvqvj mvgvb eo| c I KvbKv
cvLbv j^v KuvUvhy| KvbKv cvLbvi Wvbv KivZi bvq LuvRKvUv| jRi Wvbv KvuUvhy, kixii is RjcvB a~mi, wbPi
w`K wKQyUv nvjKv| wkiùvov iLv eivei bxjvf Wviv `Lv hvq| G gvQi `N 15-23 mwg. nq _vK| x gvQ cyil
gvQi Zzjbvq eo nq _vK| GKK I wgk cwZZ G gvQ Pvl Kiv hvq|
Qwe t jkv gvQ
44
Avevmj
jkv evsjv`ki me b`x-bvjv, Lvj-wej, cyKzi-`xwN, nvIi, avbZ, elvq cvweZ f~wgZ cvIqv hvq|
Lv` I Lv`vfvm
jkv gvQ Rxeb Pi wewfb chvq wewfb aiYi Lv` Lq _vK| hgb
cvbv chvq t Ry-cvUb I cvUvRvqv|

RyfbvBj chvq t Ry-cvUb I z` RjR cvKv, gkvi jvwf Ges cuPv Re c`v_|
eqvcv Aevq t cvUb, QvU RjR cvKv, KuPv,Ges cuPv Re c`v_ BZvw`|
PvlKZ cyKzi myiK Lv` wnmve mwilvi Lj I wdk wgj `qv hvq|
cwicZv I cRbb
jkv gvQ c_g eQiB cwicZv jvf Ki Ges eQi GKevi cRbb Ki _vK| G gvQi cRbb gmyg njv Ryb _K
mî| Ze RyjvB Ges AvM gvm mevP cRbb nq _vK| cvKwZK fve jkv gvQ mvaviYZ nvIi, wej, avbZ
I ebv cvweZ Rjvkq cRbb Ki _vK| eZgvb cYvw`Z cRbbi gvagI cvbv Drcvw`Z nQ| wbwl wWgjv
mv `vbvi gZ AvVvjv Ges xg eYi nq _vK| GKwU 28-52 Mvg IRbi jkv gvQi wWg aviY gZv 6,000 _K
22,000 wU|
evUv gvQi Rxewe`v (Biology of Bata fish)

evUv gvQi kYxwebvm (Classification)
Phylum - Chordata
Family- Cyprinidae
Genus- Labeo
Species- L. bata
vbxq bvg t evUv
BsiRx bvg t carp

evwnK ewk
evUv iB RvZxq gvQi kYxfy gvSvwi AvKvii QvU gvQ| `ni DcwifvM wKQyUv a~mi Ges wbPi Ask icvwj| gv_v
QvU Ze gyL ek eo| gyL GK Rvov Muvd AvQ| `ni AvuBkjv Lye my fve mvRvbv| jR mgvb `yfvM
wef| G gvQ ek my^v`y I evRvi g~jI ekx| cyKzi Ges avb Z GKK I wgk cwZZ G gvQ Pvl Kiv hvq|
Qwe t evUv gvQ
Avevmj
evUv evsjv`ki me b`x-bvjv, Lvj-wej, cyKzi-`xwN, nvIi, avbZ, elvq cvweZ f~wgZ cvIqv hvq|
Lv` I Lv`vfvm
evUv gvQ cwidvBUb, AveRbv, cvKv-gvKoi jvwf, cvUvRvqv, kIjv BZvw` Lq _vK|
cwicZv I cRbb
elvKvj evUv gvQ cRbb Ki| e cvwbZ G gvQ wWg `q bv| GK eQii gaB cRbbg nq Ges cYvw`Z cRbbi
gvag G gvQi cvbv Drcv`b Kiv hvq|
Pvwcjv gvQi Rxewe`v (Biology of Chapila fish)

Pvwcjv gvQi kYxwebvm (Classification)
Phylum - Chordata
Order- Clupeiformes
Family- Clupeidae
Genus- Gudusia
Species- G. chapra
vbxq bvg t Pvwcjv

BsiRx bvg t Herring
evwnK ewk
Pvwcjv Dj icvwj eYi gvQ| kixi Pv, Dcii Aski Zzjbvq bxPi Ask ekx euvKvbv| Nvoi KvQ
GKwU Kvjv `vM AvQ| G gvQ 20 mwg. ch j^v nq _vK| GKK I wgk cwZZ G gvQ Pvl Kiv hZ
cvi|
Qwe t Pvwcjv gvQ

Avevmj
G `ki b`x-bvjv, Lvj-wej elvq cvweZ f~wgZ Gì cvIqv hvq|
Lv` I Lv`vfvm
QvU Aevq cvKv-gvKo I kIjv LZ fvjevm| cv eqm dvBUvcvsKUb I cvUvRvqv Lq _vK| Aevq Pvl
cyKzi myiK Lv` wnmve mwilvi Lj, PvDji Kzuov, Mgi f~uwl, wdk wgj BZvw` Lvq|
cwicZv I cRbb
cRbb Kvj Gwcj-AvM gvm ch Ges eQi `yevi cRbb Ki| wWg aviY gZv 25,200 _K 15,4500 wU|
46
wdcPvU cwiKbv
PvlhvM `kxq cRvwZi gvQi

Rxewe`v
RvZ cyuwUi kYxwebvm

Phylum - Chordata
Class- Osteichthyes
Family- Cyprinidae
Genus- Puntius
Species- P. sophore
RvZ cyuwUi vbxq bvg t RvZ cyuwU

BsiRx bvg t Spotfin swamp barb
gjv gvQi kYxwebvm
K gvQi kYxwebvm
Phylum - Chordata
Phylum - Chordata
Class- Osteichthyes
Family- Cyprinidae
Genus- Amblypharyngodon
Species- A. mola
Class-
Osteichthyes
Order- Perciformes
Family- Anabantidae
Genus- Anabas
Species- A. testudineus
vbxq bvg t gjv
mvaviY/ vbxq bvg t K gvQ
BsiRx bvg t Mola carplet
BsiRx bvg t Climbing perch
Xjv gvQi kYxwebvm

Phylum - Chordata
Class- Osteichthyes
Family- Cyprinidae
Genus- Osteobrama
Species- O. cotio cotio
vbxq bvg t Xjv

BsiRx bvg t Cotio
wks gvQi kYxwebvm

Phylum - Chordata
Class- Osteichthyes
Order- Siluriformes
Family- Heteropneustidae
Genus- Heteropneustes
Species- H. fossilis
vbxq bvg t wks

BsiRx bvg t Stinging catfish
wdcPvU cwiKbv
jkv gvQi kYxwebvm
Phylum - Chordata
Class- Osteichthyes
Family- Bagridae
Genus- Mystus
Species- M. cavasius
PvlhvM `kxq cRvwZi gvQi

Rxewe`v
vbxq bvg t jkv

BsiRx bvg t Catfish
gvMyi gvQi kYxwebvm
evUv gvQi kYxwebvm
Phylum - Chordata
Class- Osteichthyes
Order- Siluriformes
Family- Claridae
Genus- Clarias
Species- C. batrachus
Phylum - Chordata
Class- Osteichthyes
Family- Cyprinida
Genus- Labeo
Species- L. bata
vbxq bvg t gvi

BsiRx bvg t Walking catfish
vbxq bvg t evUv

BsiRx bvg t carp
cve`v gvQi kYxwebvm
Pvwcjv gvQi kYxwebvm
Phylum - Chordata
Class- Osteichthyes
Family- Siluridae
Genus- Ompok
Species- O. pabda
vbxq bvg t cve`v

BsiRx bvg t Butter catfish
Phylum - Chordata
Class- Osteichthyes
Order- Clupeiforme
Family- Clupeidae
Genus- Gudusia
Species- G. chapra
vbxq bvg t Pvwcjv

BsiRx bvg t Herring
48
Awaekb cwiKbv
w`b t 1
mgq t 13:15-14:00
gqv`Kvj t 45 wgwbU
wkivbvg
t QvU gvQi RxeewP I msiY Kkj|
Afx `j
t grm wefvMxq I Abvb ìi KgKZve`|
t AskMnYKvixì QvU gvQi RxeewP Ges Gi msiY Kkj mK vb ew Kiv ne hvZ

AwRZ vbi AvjvK Zuviv mswkì cqvRbxq civgk c`vb KiZ cvib|
Dk
t G Awaekb kl cwkbv_xMY
RxeewPi msv ejZ cvieb;
RxeewPi eZgvb Aev RvbZ cvieb;
RxeewP nvmi KviY evLv KiZ cvieb;
RxeewP msiYi Dcvqmg~n ejZ I evLv KiZ cvieb|
welqm~wP
AvjvP welq
cwkY cwZ
fywgKv
mgq
4 wgwbU
^vMZg
c~eeZx Awaekbi mv_ mshvM vcb
(cavb wkYxq welqmg~n)
eZgvb Awaekbi Dci AvjvKcvZ
(wkivbvg I Dkmg~n)
DyKiY (Awaekbi iZ)
eZv I
ckvi
welqe
35 wgwbU
RxeewP I RxeewPi eZgvb Aev;
RxeewP nvmi KviYRbmsLv ewi dj AwZ AvniY, AcwiKwZ euva, KxUbvkKi
eenvi, gvQi Avevmj asm, wWgIqvjv gvQ wbab, cvwb `~lY,
cwjRgvU, Lvj-wej-b`x BZvw` fivU, BKvwmg cwieZb,
ivzm gvQ `gb wel eenvi, KviU Rvj eenvi, gvQi ivM|
QvU gvQ msiY KkjmsiY Kkj f~wgKv, Kkjmg~n evLv, Afqvkg cwZv,
gvQi Avevmj Dbqb, wdm cvm, cvbv gRy`, grm AvBbi
cqvM, mPZbZv ew, QvU gvQi Dci MelYv|
eZv I gy
wPvi So|
mvi-msc
g~j welqi cybivjvPbv (cavb wkbxq welqmg~n)
Dk hvPvB I fyj mskvab
nv AvDU weZiY
abev` vcb
cwkY mnvqK mvgMx t evW gvKvi, wfc KvW, wdcPvU, nv AvDU BZvw`|
6 wgwbU
ckvi
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cKwZi wewP aiYi Rxe, hv wRb _K cRvwZ ch weZ Ges BKvwmgi wewfb avc AewZ| Aciw`K
RxeewP msiY njv KwZcq Kvhgi mg^q, hgb- Kvb KvwLZ Rxe ev Rxeì Ges Gì Avevmb I eskMwZK
iv Kiv; iYveYi Rb Dbqb Kvhg evevqb Kiv; mì mnbkxj eenvi; RjR Rxei Avevmj Dbqb ev
DchvMxKiY; RxeewPK gvbyli KjvY eenvi Kiv hvZ fwelr cRbi Pvwn`v c~iYi ^vfvweK cvK AZ iL
Zv _K eZgvb cRb mevP Z_v UKmB myweav cZ cvi|
`kxq RvZi QvU gvQi RxeewPi eZgvb Aev

RjR RxeewP mg `kjvi ga evsjv`k cw_exi AbZg| hLvb cvwb mLvbB gvQ, G wQj evsjv`ki AZxZ
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gvQi ga wQj cyuwU, Usiv, gjv, Xjv, cve`v, Pv`v, Lwjkv, KvPwK, K, UvwK, ej, evBg, jkv, wks, gvimn AviI
AbK RvZi g~jevb QvU gvQ| geagvb RbmsLvi Pvc gvbyli evmvb I ivvNvU wbgvYi Rb AbK QvU eo
Rjvkq fivU Ki djv nqQ| cv b`xi DRvb wbwgZ dvivv euva, grm mì wZKi cfve weePbvq bv Gb
wewfb ebv wbqY euva I mP KvVvgv wbgvY, elvKvj AZwaK cwj Rgvi KviY AbK b`xi MwZc_ cwieZb, b`xi
eyK RM DVv wekvj Pi mwi dj msKzwPZ nQ gvQi Avevmj I cRbb | ZvQvov wewfb DP djbkxj km
Drcv`b mPi Rb Rjvkq _K AwZwi cvwb wbvkb kxZ I Liv gmyg Gme Rjvkq cyivcywi wKq hvq|
djkwZZ wZM nQ QvU gvQi Avevmj| ZvQvov ewaz RbmsLvi Pvc gvQi AwZ AvniY, grm mì Rb
wZKi Aea mivgvwì eenvi, b`xi bveZv nvm BZvw` KviY b`xZ gvQi Drcv`b gvMZ nvm cvQ Ges AbK
`kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQi AwZ wecb cvq (Mizid 2005, DoF 2005 K, DoF 2005 L, DoF 2009, FFP 2007)|
evsjv`k ^v`ycvwbi 260 cRvwZi gvQi ga 12wU Pig wecb, 28wU wecb Ges 14wU msKUvcb cRvwZ wnmve wPwZ
nqQ| ^v`ycvwbi wecb 54 cRvwZ gvQi ga 32 cRvwZB QvU gvQ hvi 5wU Pig wecb, 18wU wecb I 9wU mUvcb
ej mbv Kiv nqQ (IUCN 2009)| cvebf~wgZ mvaviYZ 50-60 cRvwZi gvQ aiv co hvi AwaKvskB QvU gvQi
Af~| hme b`xZ KvVv ev RvMi eenvi ewk mme b`xZ gvQi RxeewPI ewk| cvi gmyg h b`xi
cvwb Kg hvq Ges hLvb KvVvi cwigvY Kg mme b`xZ gvQi RxeewPI Kg cwijwZ nq|
RxeewP nvmi KviY

gvbem I cwiekMZ bvbvwea KviY AfixY gy Rjvkq QvU gvQi cvPzhZv w`b w`b Kg hvQ Z_v RxeewP
nvm cvQ| QvU gvQi RxeewP nvm wbgv KviYjv DjLhvM t
1| gvQi AwaK AvniY
gvvwZwi RbmsLv ewZ ^vfvweKfve gy Rjvkq QvU gvQ AvniYi ceYZv ew cqQ| dj GKw`K
Rjvkq gvQi gRy` nvm cvIqvq RjvkqjvZ gvQi Avkvbyic Drcv`b nQ bv|
2| AcwiKwZfve ebv wbqY evua, yBP MU, ivv, mP AeKvVvgv I KvjfvU wbgvY
grmmì Ici wZKi cfve weePbvq bv Gb AcwiKwZfve ebv wbqY evua, yBP MBU, mP bvjv, ivv I
KvjfvU BZvw` wbgvYi dj cvebf~wgi AvqZb Ges cvwb Aevbi mgq Kg hvQ Ges gvQi cRbb mg~n
gvMZ nvm cvQ| ZvQvov h mKj wej mviv eQi cvwb _vKZ mjv GLb gmygx RjvZ cwiYZ nIqvq ZvZ
wWgIqvjv gvQ wbqwgZ cRbb KiZ cviQ bv| Dci AcwiKwZ Gme AeKvVvgv wbgvYi dj b`xi m weji
ev weji m b`xi mshvM wewQb nIqvq gvQi cRbb Awfcvqb (Breeding migration) mxwgZ nq gvQi cRbb
evavM nIqvq mvweK Drcv`b nvm cvQ|
3| Kwl gvvwZwi I wbwl KxUbvkKi h_Q eenvi
eZgvb KwlKvR wekl Ki DP djbkxj avb Drcv`b KxUbvkKi evcK eenvi nQ| QvU gvQ Z_v gvQ
Pvli Dci KxUbvkKi egvwK wZKi cfve cgvwYZ nqQ| KxUbvkKi cfve cvwbi fZ-ivmvqwbK
50
Yvejxi nvm-ew NUvq| dj RjR cwieki fvimvg I Yvejx b nq| KxUbvkK viv RjR cwiek `~wlZ
nj h mKj cwZwqv cwijwZ nq Zv wbgict
RjR cwiek emevmiZ Rxei kvm-ckvmi Rb cqvRbxq Mvmi Av`vb-c`vb evnZ nq|
`~wlZ cwiek gvQmn Abvb RjR Rxei AwRbi cqvRbxqZv 2-3 Y ew cvq|
cvwbi Zvcgvv I wcGBP ew cj cvwbZ AMvbvdmdivm RvZxq KxUbvkKi KvhKvwiZv 3-4 b ew cvq|
cwZwU fZ-ivmvqwbK cwieZbB gvQi euvPvi nvi, ew I cRbb gZv msiYi mv_ mwKZ| G aiYi
cwieZb cvwbi Drcv`bkxjZv cZ I civfve cfvweZ Ki _vK|
gvQi cvKwZK Lv` asm Ges Lv` wkKj (food chain) web Ki|
gvQi mivmwi gZz NUvq|
gvQi I Abvb RjR Rxei kvixiexq cwieZb NU|
cRbb I wePiY i cwieZb nq|
gvQi ivM-evjvB ew cvq|
4| gvQi cRbb I wePiY Ges gvQi Avevmj asm/nvm
wewfb aiYi Dbqbg~jK KgKv hgb- ebv wbqY euva, AcwiKwZ ivv I mP Lvj wbgvY, hZ b`-b`x fivU
Ki AeKvVvgv wbgvY BZvw` bvbvwea KviY gvQi Avevmji msKvPbi dj gvQ Z_v QvU gvQi cRbb wewNZ
nQ Ges Drcv`b gvMZ nvm cvQ| AwaK Gme gvQi cKZ Avevmj Z_v cvKwZK Rjvkqi Ecosystem-G
gvivZK cwieZb mvab hgb- RjR Dw` asm nq hvIqv, Rjvkq m~Yic wKq djvi dj Benthos I
Abvb Rxei msLv nvm cvIqvq QvU gvQ w`b w`b Kg hvQ|
5| cRbb gmyg wWgIqvjv gvQ wbab
cRbb gmyg KviU Rvjmn Abvb Abbygvw`Z wZKi Rvj I duvì gvag evcKfve wewfb gy Rjvkq
_K wWgIqvjv QvU gvQ cwZwbqZ wbabi dj gy Rjvkq QvU gvQi cRbb gvivZKfve evnZ nQ|
6| Kj-KviLvbvi eRi gvag cvwb `~lY
gvMZ wkvqbi dj Kj-KviLvbvi AcwikvwaZ eR cwZwbqZ wbMZ nIqvq Gi welwqvq gy Rjvkqi
cwiek b nQ| dj evcKfve gvQ ivMvv nQ Ges gviv hvQ|
7| b`x I Abvb gy Rjvkq cwj Rgv
Lvj-wej I b`-b`xZ evcKnvi cwj Rgvi dj GKw`K hgb Zvì DrmgyL e nq hvQ, Abw`K nvIi-evuIo I
weji MfxiZv nvm cq chvqg mjv avbZ icvwiZ nQ| ZvQvov `xNw`b b`-b`x WwRs bv Kivq Ges
wewfb evuai KviY Kbv gmyg cvq me b`x wKq b`-b`xZ cvwbi cevn Kg hvq| ZvQvov gvMZ b`x fvb Ges
eb DRvii dj cwj Rgvi cwigvY w`b w`b ew cvIqvq QvU gvQi cRbb I wePiY Kg hvQ|
8| Lvj-wej fivU Ki Rbc` Mo DVv
RbmsLv ewi dj Lvj-wej fivU Ki bZzb Ki emZevox I wk KviLvbv wbwgZ nQ| GZ Rjvkqi cwigvY
gv^q nvm cvQ|
9| Rjvf~wgK Kwl f~wgZ icvi
RbmsLv ewi dj ewaZ RbMvwi Lv` Pvwn`v gUvZ Rjvf~wgjvK gvMZ Kwl RwgZ icvi Kiv nQ|
10| cveb f~wgi Ecosystem cwieZb
Rjvf~wgi Aeq hgb- mP Kvhg, cwj RgvU, Kj-KviLvbv nZ wbMZ eR, AwZ AvniY, wWgIqvjv gvQ wbaY,
cRbb i cwieZb I nvm, cvwb cevni w`K cwieZb BZvw` KviY cvebf~wgi Ecosystem asm nQ|
11| cvwb wKq ev mP gvQ AvniY
mvaviYZt Kbv gmyg wWgIqvjv QvU gvQjv cieZx cRbb gmyg wWg Qvovi Acvq QvU QvU Rjvkq
Avkq MnY Ki| wK mP KvR A_ev gvQ aivi Rb Gme Rjvkqjv m~Yfve wKq djvq wWgIqvjv QvU
gvQ I Zvì Avevmj asm nIqvq esk ewZ evavM nq|
12| Kwl RwgZ AwZgvvq mP

DP djbkxj avb I Abvb dmji Drcv`b ewi Rb f~-c I f~-Mf cvwb AwZgvvq eenvii dj hgb f~c Rjvkqmg~ni cvwb nvm cvQ Zgwb f~-Mf cvwbi i gvMZ wbP bg hvQ| dj Rjvkqmg~n KvswLZ
gvvq cvwb bv _vKvq QvU gvQi cRbb I Avevmj b nQ|
13| wel cqvMi gvag KvwLZ Pvl eevcbvq ivym I AevwZ gvQ `~ixKiY
Kvc I Abvb gvQ Pvli cyKzi cwZi Ask wnmve ivzm I AevwZ gvQ `~ixKiYi wbwg wel cqvM Kiv
nq| dj H Rjvkqi QvU gvQmg~n m~Yfve wbab nq hvq Ges Ecosystem m~Yic asm nq hvq|
14| KviU Rvjmn Abvb Abbygvw`Z wZKi Rvj I duvì evcK eenvi
Aea KviU Rvjmn Abvb Abbygvw`Z Rvj (hgb- ew` Rvj, gkvix Rvj, fmvj Rvj BZvw`) I duv`
BZvwì gvag wewfb Rjvkq _K wbwePvi wWgIqvjv QvU gvQ I cvbv wbab Kiv nQ|
15| gvQi ivM
1988 mvj _K QvU gvQ wekl Ki `kxq cyuwU I UvwK gvQ evcKfve ZivM Avv nq| dj G `ywU
cRvwZmn Abvb wKQy QvU gvQi cvPyhZv Kg hvq|
16| we`kx cRvwZi gvQi cfve
AwZgvvq we`kx gvQi Pvl mcmviYi dj `kxq QvU gvQi RxeewP gvMZ nvm cvIqvq QvU gvQi
wevi gKxi myLxb|
17| AvenvIqvi cwieZbi dj evsjv`ki `wY-c~e I Di-cwgvsk cvwbi Afve
evsjv`ki `wY-c~e wekl Ki Di cwgvsk AvenvIqv weivR Kivq cwZwbqZ Rjvf~wgi cwieZb nQ| Di
cwgvsk gvMZ giKiY cwqvi dj b`-b`xmn Abvb Rjvkq wKq hvIqvq grmKyj m~Y asm nq hvQ|
QvU gvQ msiY Kkj
evsjv`ki gvbyli cyw Pvwn`v c~iY QvU gvQi Amvgvb f~wgKv iqQ| QvU gvQK G `k cKwZi Avkxev` wnme
weePbv Kiv nq| eZgvb QvU gvQi AwZi Rb mePq eo gwK nQ Avevmji evcK msKvPb Ges b`x-bvjv
Lvj-weji RjR cwieki weeZb| AcwiKwZ I mg^qnxb Dbqb I Drcv`b eevi KviY mvgwMKfve Abvb
gvQi gZv QvU gvQi Drcv`bI gkt Kg AvmQ| mvcwZK mgq Gme gvQ msiY I Drcv`b ewi j Kvhg
nvZ bqv nqQ| QvU gvQK AevwZ gvQ wnmve MY bv Ki GìK evwbK cwZZ Pvli AvIZvq AvbZ ne|
RjR cwieki myz eevcbvi gvag QvU gvQi esk wevii myhvM mw Ki Gì Drcv`b evovZ ne| cvkvcvwk
Afixb gy Rjvkq cwiKwZ Afqvkg vcb I mvgvwRK mPZbZv ew KiZ ne| G QvovI ivR^wfwK BRviv
c_vi cwieZ Rjgnvji RweK Drcv`bg~jK eevcbvi gvag ivR^ Av`vq evevqb KiZ ne hvZ RjR mì
mnbkxj eenvi, Avevmj Dbqb I RxeewPK gvbyli KjvY eenvi Kiv hvq| G j cqvRbxq cwiKbv
MnYc~eK wecbZvi nvZ _K g~jevb grm cRvwZmg~n ivq mswk mKjK `p c`c wbZ ne| GQvov gy Rjvkq
eevcbvi cvkvcvwk cyKzi iBRvZxq gvQi mv_ evcKfve QvU gvQi wgkPvl I Gì msiY MYmPZbZv ewmn
mcmviY AviI mP nZ ne| BZvga grm Awaì gvV chvq Pvwlì cyKzi `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQ Pvl
mcmviY wewfb aiYi Kgm~Px MnY I evevqb KiQ|
QvU gvQi cvcZv ew Z_v RxeewP msiY wbgv KkjMZ c`c MnY Kiv hvq t
1| Afqvkg cwZv
grm mì my eevcbvi ^v_ `ki b`-b`x ev AfixY gy Rjvkq QvU gvQi Aea I AwbqwZ AvniY
e Kiv AZ Riix| G j mviv`k wewfb b`-b`x, nvIi-euvIo I weji wbevwPZ Ask wbqwZfve QvU
gvQi AvniY e I Zvì esk wevii j grm Afqvkg cwZv KiZ ne| G aiYi eevcbvq cvKwZK
cRbbi myhvM mwi gvag QvU gvQi esk wevi NwUq Drcv`b ew I RxeewP msiY Kiv me| cvKwZK
Rjvkq wekl wKQy vb iqQ hLvb wewfb cRvwZi gvQ emevm Ki I cRbbi gvag esk ew Ki _vK|
Gme vb gvQi mhZ msiY I cwiPhv gvQi esk ewi m m Drcv`bI ew Kie| memgqB cvwb _vK
Ggb KqKwU myweavRbK vb NivI Ki Wvjcvjv dj gvQi Rb myiwZ Avkq mw KiZ ne| GLvb Kvb
52
mgq gvQ aiv hve bv ev Ggb Kvb cwiwwZ mw Kiv ne bv, hv H vbi cwiekK b Ki| Afqvkg gvQ
wbivc` _vKe, eo ne I elv AvMgbi mv_ mv_ cRbbi gvag esk ew Kie| cvwb ewi m m bZzb
Rb bqv cvbv gvQ cvebf~wgZ Qwoq coe| Avevi cwZwZ Avkqj Qo eo gvQI Lvì A^lY Afqvkgi
evBi ewiq Avme| Gì ga AbK gvQB Rjì Rvj aiv coe I wKQy Afqvkg wbivc` Avkq Aevb
be| cii ermi Giv Avevi eWK wnme esk wevi mnvqZv Kie| Gfve grm cRvwZi RxeewP ivmn
AviI ewk cwigvY grm Drcv`b wbwZ ne|
2| gvQi Avevmj Dbqb
mviv`k QvU QvU AbK b`x I Lvj-wej Ges Z`&msjM Rjvkqmg~n weic cvKwZK cwiek I cwj Rg fivU
nq hvIqvi KviY QvU gvQi Aeva wePiY I cRbbi AbychvMx nq coQ| G mKj Rjvkq mvgvb msvi Ki
c~bivq QvU gvQi Aeva wePiY cwiYZ Kiv hZ cvi| ZvQvov msvi Ki cvebf~wgi mv_ Lvji gvag
b`-b`xi mshvM cybtvcb KiZ ne| gvQi Avevmj Dbqb Kvhg QvU gvQi esk wevi Ges RxeewP
msiY iZc~Y f~wgKv cvjb Ki|
3| Pvli gvag QvU gvQ msiY
iBRvZxq gvQ I Abvb gvQ Pvl cyKzi cZKvjxb mgq QvU gvQK AevwZ wnmve MY Ki cyKzi mP ev wel
cqvMi gvag Gì wbab Kiv nZv| djkwZZ GmKj gvQi cvPzhZv nvm cZ _vK| G Aev _K
DiYi j e Rjvkq Pvli gvag `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQi cvcZv ewi Rb wbgic c`c MnY Kiv
hZ cvi t
QvU gvQ Pvli iZ Abyaveb, DchvMx cyKz ii aiY, cvKwZK cRbb, Lv` I Lv` MnYi ^fve mK
aviYv _vKv|
vbxqfve cvc `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQ cyKzi gyR` Kiv|
QvU cRvwZi gvQi eskew I Lvì hvMvbi myweav_ cyKzii wKbvi wbqwZ gvvq RjR Dw` hgbKjwg, njv, gvj BZvw` ivLvi eev Kiv|
avbZ QvU cRvwZi gvQ Pvli eev Kiv Ges G aibi QvU gvQ mviv eQi cvwi myweav_ avbZ
QvU AvKvii wgwb cyKzi Zix Kiv|
QvU gvQi cRbb gmyg mK mswk RbMYK mPZb Kiv Ges m mgq cyKzi Rvj Uvbv _K weiZ _vKv
A_ev cqvRb eo duvm wewk Rvj eenvi Kiv|
cyKzi cZ Kivi mgq ivzm I AevwZ gvQ `~ixKiY wel cqvMK wbirmvwnZ Kiv Ges evi evi Rvj Uvbv
cwZ eenvi DrmvwnZ Kiv|
Rjvkq I ivvi cvki Lv` A_ev eivwcU (borrow pit) mgvRwfwK eevcbvi gvag QvU gvQ Pvl I
msiYi eev Kiv|
vbxqfve cvc cvbvi Ici wfw Ki iBRvZxq gvQi mv_ QvU gvQi wgkPvl Kiv|
cyKzi I Abvb Rjvkq m~Yic mP gvQ AvniY Kiv _K weiZ _vKv, Ze cyKzi Kvbv AvekK nj
GK Kvbvq Kzqv ev MZ Zix Ki QvU cRvwZi gvQ ivLvi eev Kiv|
Gme eevcbvi cvkvcvwk cyKzi Abvb gvQi mv_ evcKfve QvU gvQi wgk Pvl I QvU gvQ msiY
mPZbZv ewmn Gì Pvl mcmviY AviI mP nZ ne| BZvga grm Awaì gvV chvq cyKzi
`kxq cRvwZi gvQ Pvl I mcmviY wewfb aibi Kgm~wP MnY I evevqb KiQ| GB KvhgK AviI
MwZkxj Ki mviv`k Qwoq w`Z ne|
4| wdk cvm I wdk dwj AKvVvgv wbgvY
ebv wbqY evua ev cvvi Ges Mvgvj AcwiKwZ KvuPv-cvKv ivv BZvw` wbgvYi dj cvebf~wgZ QvU gvQi
Aeva wePiY I cRbb mg~n gwKi myLxb| Gme AeKvVvgv wbgvYi dj b`x _K wej ev wej _K b`xZ
gvQi cRbb Z_v mvweK AwfcvqY evavM nIqvq `k grm Drcv`b nvm cvQ| wdk cvm ev wdk dwj
AeKvVvgv wbgvY Ki gvQi Aeva hvZvqvZ I cRbb i Dbqb NUvZ cvij G mgmv AbKvsk `~i Kiv Ges
cveb f~wgZ `kxq QvU gvQi evcK esk wevi NUvbv me ne| gjfxevRvi Rjvi ivRbMi DcRjvaxb cvwb
Dbqb evWi ebv wbqY evuamsjM gby b`xZ CIDA1 Gi Avw_K mnvqZvq GKwU wdk cvm wbgvY Kiv nqQ|
wbwgZ wdk cvmwUi Kvhg BZvga AZ djcmy ej cgvwYZ nqQ| `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQi cvKwZK esk
wevi I RxeewP msiY cwiKwZ Dcvq AviI G aiYi KvVvgv chvqg Mo ZzjZ ne|
5| `kxq RvZi QvU gvQi cvbv Drcv`b I cvebf~wgZ gRy`KiY
`ki Dby Rjvkq QvU gvQmg~ni gnvmgvb Aevi BwZevPK cwieZb I RxeewP msiYi j
cvebf~wgZ chvqg QvU gvQi cvbv gRy` Kiv hZ cvi| G AwZ wecb I msKUvcb QvU gvQjvi
cYvw`Z cRbbi gvag Drcvw`Z cvbv Rjvkq Qvov DwPZ| BZvga AbK QvU gvQ hgb K, jkv, cve`v,
gvi, wks, gwb, evUv, Zviv evBgmn ek wKQy gvQi cYvw`Z cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b me nqQ| AviI h mg
QvU gvQi Rb G aiYi D`vM MnY Kiv hZ cvi Zvi ga iqQ Lijv, Zvcwm, evBg, uwP, dwj, fvMbv,
ej, Usiv, KvRjx, evZvmx BZvw`|
6| grm msiY AvBb 1950 evevqb (DoF 2002)
wbwePvi cvbv I wWgIqvjv gvQ wbab grm m` ewi c_ eo Aivq| G KviY Avgvì `k grm m`
wekl Ki `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQ axi axi wejy nZ hvQ| gvQi wejyw ivaKiY, wbqg gvwdK grm
AvniY, cRbbg gvQK iv Kivi Rb grm AvBb AZxe Riix| G AvBb t
K)
b`x-bvjv, Lvj-wej vqx vcbvi gvag (wdW Bwb) grm AvniY Kiv hve bv, Gic vqx vcbv mxR I
evRqv Kiv hve|
L) mP, ebv wbqY ev b`gvi Dk eZxZ b`x-bvjv, Lvj-wej Avqx ev vqx euva BZvw` ev Kvb AeKvVvgv
wbgvY Kiv hve bv|
M) Rjvf~wgZ wel cqvM, `~lY, evwYwRK eR ev Abwea Dcvq gvQ asm ev asmi c`c MnY Kiv hve bv|
N) gvQ aivi 4.5 mwg ev Z`vcv Kg evm ev `Ni duvm wewk KviU Rvj ev duvm Rvj eenvi wbwl|
G AvBb AgvbKvixK c_gevi Acivai Rb Kgc 1 gvm nZ mevP 6 gvm mkg Kviv` Ges mevP 1,000 UvKv
Rwigvbv| cieZx cwZevi AvBb fi Rb Kgc 2 gvm nZ 1 eQi mkg Kviv` Ges mevP 2,000 UvKv Rwigvbv|
ZvQvov grm msiY AvBb AviI hyMcvhvMxKiY I cPwjZ grm AvBbi h_vh_ cqvM Ges RbMYK AvBb gvbZ
mPZb KiZ cvij gy Rjvkq `kxq QvU gvQi cvcZv w`b w`b ew cve|
7| mvgvwRK mPZbZv ew
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1
Canadian International Development Agency.
54
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60
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2
Fisheries Community Based Organization.
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Management of Aquatic Resourses Through Community Husbandary.
62
wdcPvU cwiKbv
grm Afqvkgi j I Dk
`kxq RvZi QvU gvQ msiY

Afqvkgi f~wgKv
grm Afqvkg vcb ev NvlYvi g~j j nQ, gvQi

wbivc` Avevmj wbwZ Kiv;
gvQi Aeva cRbb wbwZ Kiv, wePiY msiY I

mcmviY Kiv;
wbivc` Avkq mwi gvag wejycvq ev wecb cRvwZi

gvQ msiY Kiv;
gvQi ewi Rb chv cvKwZK Lv` wbwZ Kiv;
cvKwZK grm gRy` I mì ew NUvbv;
gvQi cRvwZMZ I eskMZ ewP msiY Kiv;
gvQi Avevmj Dbqb I msiY Kiv|
grm Afqvkg vcb weeP welqmg~n
msv
grm Afqvkg njv gvQi wbivc` Avkqj| `kxq
RvZi QvU gvQ msiY I RjR RxeewP ivq
grm Afqvkgi f~wgKv LyeB iZc~Y|
grm Afqvkgi cKvif`
gmygx Afqvkg
mvsevrmwiK Afqvkg
`xN gqv`x ev vqx Afqvkg
gvQ I Abvb RjR Rxei fvj Avevmj Z_v

^vQ`gq cwiek;
mviv eQi cvwb _vK Ggb Rjvkq ev Rjvkqi Ask

wekl wbevPb;
Rjvkq wewfb cRvwZi gvQi DcwwZ;
Rjvkq j ev g~L cRvwZi cvPzhZv;
Rjvkq wejycvq cRvwZi DcwwZ cybtAvwefvei

mvebv;
RjvkqwU Kg RbemwZ I Kg KgZrci vb nIqv

DwPZ;
RjvkqwU `~lYgy GjvKvq nZ ne|
grm Afqvkgi cfve
Afqvkg GjvKvq cRbbg, cvbv gvQ I Abvb gvQi

mgvnvi NU;
cvkeZx RjvkqI gvQi Drcv`b Ges cvPzhZv ew

cvq;
wejycvq cRvwZi gvQ I Abvb RjR cvYxi

cybtAvwefve NU;
RjR RxeewP msiwZ nq;
grmRxweì Avq ew cvq|
Awaekb cwiKbv
w`b t 02
mgq t 10:00-11:00
gqv`Kvj t 60 wgwbU
wkivbvg
t QvU gvQi cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b Kkj
Afx `j
t cwkYv_xì `kxq QvU gvQi cRbb I cvb Drcv`b Kkj mK wevwiZ aviYv `qv ne
hvZ Zviv AwRZ vb KvR jvwMq QvU gvQi cRbb I YMY gvbmb cvbv Drcv`b Kkj
AvqZ KiZ cvieb|
Dk
t G Awaekb kl cwkYv_xMY QvU gvQmgyni cRbb FZz mK ejZ cvieb|

nvPvwi I cvKwZK Drm nZ cvbv Drcv`b Kkj evLvv KiZ cvieb|
cvbv cwZcvjb mK ejZ cvieb|
welqm~wP
AvjvP welq
Kkj
f~wgKv
mgq
4 wgwbU
eZv
^vMZg
c~eeZx Awaekbi mv_ mshvMvcb
Dk evLvKiY
DyKiY
welqe
50 wgwbU
QvU gvQi cRbb mvebv, cRbb FZz I wWg aviY gZvi ZzjbvgyjK wP
KwZcq QvU gvQi cRbb Kkj
1| K gvQi cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b Kkj
- cvKwZK cRbb
- cYvw`Z cRbb: (x) 6-8 wgMv wcwR/KwR
(cyil) 2-3 wgMv wcwR/KwR
- cvbv cwZcvjb
2| gvi gvQi cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b Kkj
- cvKwZK cRbb
- cYvw`Z cRbb: (x) 2 wgMv Ifvwcg/mywcg ev 80-110 wgMv wcwR/KwR
(cyil) 1 wgMv Ifvwcg/mywcg ev 30-40 wgMv wcwR/KwR
- cvbv cwZcvjb
3| wks gvQi cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b Kkj
- cvKwZK cRbb
- cYvw`Z cRbb: (x) 2 wgMv Ifvwcg/mywcg ev 60-70 wgMv
wcwR/KwR
(cyil) 1 wgMv Ifvwcg/mywcg ev 30-35 wgMv wcwR/KwR
- cvbv cwZcvjb
64
eZv
I
ckvi
welqm~wP
AvjvP welq
Kkj
mgq
4| evUv gvQi cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b Kkj

- cvKwZK cRbb
(cyil) 1-2 wgMv wcwR/KwR
- cvbv cwZcvjb
5| `kx micywU gvQi cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b Kkj
cvKwZK cRbb
(cyil) 2 wgMv wcwR/KwR
- cvbv cwZcvjb
6| cve`v I jkv gvQi cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b Kkj
- cvKwZK cRbb
- cYvw`Z cRbb:
cRbb Kvhg: cve`v
BbRKkb cqvM: 2 evi
nigvb gvv: 1g WvR
x: 3-4 wgM wcwR/KwR
cyil: 4-6 wgM wcwR/KwR
jkv
1 evi
x: 8-12 wgM wcwR/KwR
2q WvR: 6 NUv ci
x: 12-16 wgM wcwR/KwR
- cvbv cwZcvjb
6| Pvli cyKzi gjv I cuywU gvQi cvKwZK cRbb
- eW msMn
- eW cwienb I gRy`KiY
- cvKwZKfve esk ewZ KiYxq
mvi msc
g~j welqmg~n msc cybivjvPbv
ckvii gvag Dk hvPvB
3. cieZx Awaekbi mv_ mshvM vcb
cwkY mnvqK mvgMx t gvKvi, wdc PvU, nv AvDU, BZvw`|
6 wgwbU
ckvi
QvU gvQi cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b Kkj

geagvb RbMvxi AvwaK, gvQi Avevmj asm, cvKwZK wechq I Abvb bvbvwea KviY RjvkqjvZ gvQi
cvcZv nvm cvIqvi KviY QvU eo AbK gvQB cvKwZK cwiek nZ nvwiq hvIqvi c_| GK mgq Mvgxb RbMvxi
Lv` ZvwjKvq gjv, Xjv, Pvwcjv, gwb, Pv`v, Usiv, K, wks, gvi, evZvwmmn h mKj QvU gvQ wQj cywi AbZg
Drm, m mKj gvQB AvR `ycvc| hyM-cwigvq abx-Mixe mKj gvbyli Lv` ZvwjKvq eoQ G mKj gvQi evcK
Pvwn`v| DP cywgvb, ^vì wfbZv, Ilwa YvY G mKj gvQK GKw`K hgb KiQ Rbwcq Abw`K KiQ `vgx Ges
evwoqQ Zvì Kì| GLb abx-Mixe mKj gvbyli KvQB G mKj QvU gvQ mgvbfve mgv`Z| Abw`K, Mvgi
mvaviY Mixe gvbyl hvì c ekx A_ LiP Ki eo gvQ Kbv me nqbv, A LiP wbRi cyKzi mnRB KvcRvZxq
gvQi mv_ gjv, cuywU BZvw` QvU gvQ Pvl Ki cvwievwiK Pvwn`v gUvZ cvi| GRb cqvRb QvU gvQi cRbb I
cvbv Drcv`bi Ici wewfb KjvKkji Dbqb|
cRbb
cRbb nj RbZv/Rxei eabi RbMZ gZv| cRbb viv Rxe bZzb Rxei ev mvbi Rb `q| G me bZzb Rxei Rb
cme, wWg dzU ev wefvRb viv nZ cvi| GK K_vq, h Kvb cwZZ cyivZb/cwic Rxe _K bZzb Rxei Rb
nIqvUvB nj cRbb| grm cRbbi mvaviYZt wWgdzU bZzb Rxei Rb nq| gvQK cvKwZK I cYvw`Z Dcvq
cRbb Kiv hvq|
cvKwZK cRbb gvQ cvKwZK cwiek (hgb b`-b`xZ) ^Qvq cbvw`Z nq cRbb Ki _vK| Avi cYvw`Z cRbb
Kwgfve nvPvixZ gvQK nigvb ev DRK eenvi Ki cRbb Kivbv nq|
QvU gvQi cRbb

AfixY gy Rjvkq hgb b`-b`x, Lvj-wej, nvIi-evuIo, cvebf~wg BZvw`B g~jZ QvU gvQi wePiY | D
wePiYB mvaviYZt QvU gvQ cvKwZKfve cRbb Ki _vK| Ze QvU gvQi cRbb mv`b I Drcv`b ewZ
cvebf~wg mePq iZcY~ f~wgKv cvjb Ki| evsjv`ki AwaKvsk GjvKvZB cvebf~wg we`gvb| elv gmyg me
Rjvkq A_vr b`x-Lvj-cvebf~wg wgjwgk GKvKvi nq hvq| gvQi cvKwZK cRbb I RxebP mv`b G aiYi
cwiek iZc~Y f~wgKv ivL|
cvKwZKfve QvU gvQ mvaviYZt Lvj-wej, cvebf~wg, nvIi-euvIo, cyKzi-w`Nx, Wvev-bvjv I wbgwZ avb Z BZvw`
vb cRbb Ki _vK| h mg vb elvi c_g ewi cvwb Rg, wKQy wKQy QvU gvQ m mKj vb cRbb Ki| Gì
ga Avevi AbK QvU gvQ iqQ Awfcvqx (migratory) ^fvei| Zviv cRbb Kivi Rb gmyg Ab Awfcvqb Ki|
b`x I cvebf~wgi FZzwfwK cwieZb QvU gvQi Lv`, cRbb Ges PjvPj ev Awfcvqb cfve wevi Ki| elvi iZ
(Gwcj-Ryb) Ges fiv elvq (RyjvB) b`xi mv_ Lvj-weji mshvM vwcZ nq Ges G mgq AbK QvU gvQ Awfcvqb Ki
cRbb Ki _vK| eZgvb RjR Avevmji Aeqi KviY AwaKvsk QvU gvQi PjvPj c_ wewNZ nQ dj QvU
gvQi Avevmj msKzwPZ nq AvmQ| djkwZZ Lv` I cRbb evavM nq gy Rjvkq QvU gvQi Drcv`b I
RxeewPZv evcKfve nvm cvQ|
QvU gvQi Rxeb Pi vwqZKvj LyeB Kg| Gì AwaKvskB elv FZzZ GKvwaKevi cRbb Ki _vK| MxKvj
AwaK ewi ci ciB QvU gvQ mvZi wecixZ Awfcvqb Ki hv ZvìK cRbb mnvqZv Ki| Gici gvQwj wewfb
Rjvkq Qwoq co Ges QvU cvbv cvKwZK jvjb Lv` MnY Ki eo nZ _vK|
mviwYt wewfb cRvwZi QvU gvQi cRbb FZz Ges wWg aviYgZvi Zzjbvg~jK wP
cRvwZ
gjv
cRbbKvj
g-Avei
(mevbyKzj: AvM)
cuywU
g-Avei
(`yBwU cRbb FZz)
g-Avei
gjv
cyuwU
Pjv
Lwjkv
`viwKbv
Pvwcjv
Xjv
wks
gvP-Gwcj
gvP-RyjvB (mevbyKzj: Gwcj-g)
Gwcj-AvM
g-RyjvB
Ryb-RyjvB
gvi
Ryb-RyjvB
Ryb-RyjvB
cve`v
g-AvM
(mevbyKzj: Ryb-RyjvB)
Ryb-mî
(mevbyKzj: RyjvB-AvM)
jkv
wWg aviY gZv

3,596150
(75-80 wgwg, gvQ)
1,400 - 1,900
1,020 - 6,800
3,260 - 31,280
920 - 2,830
1,580 - 2,680
390 - 2,400
25,200 - 154,500
1,050 - 9,360
8,000-10,000
(40-70 Mvg IRbi gvQ)
7,000-8,000
6,000-8,000
11,000-20,000
6,000-22,000
MelK
Parveen 1984
Afroze & Hossain 1983, 1990
Mustafa 1991
Kohinoor 2000
Banu et al. 1984, Mustafa 1991

Dewan 1973, Parveen et al. 1993
Kabir et al. 1998
Islam 2000
Mollah et al. 2005
Mollah et al. 2005
Mollah et al. 2005
Hossain & Kohinoor 2005
Hossain & Kohinoor 2005
KwZcq QvU gvQi cRbb Kkj

AZxZ wewfb aiYi cvKwZK Rjvkq hgb Lvj-wej, cvebfywg, avb Z, nvIi-evuIo BZvw`Z QvU gvQ cPzi cwigvY
cvIqv hZ Ges G aiYi AvevmjB AwaKvsk QvU gvQ evcK nvi cRbb KiZv| wK Kvji weeZb cwiekMZ
wechq I gbylm bvbvwea KviY G mKj gvQi cRbb I PviY msKzwPZ nIqvq Gì cvPyhZv evcKfve nvm
cqQ| ZvB A_bwZK I cywMZ iZmb KwZcq QvU gvQi Kwg cRbbi Dci wekl bRi `qv nqQ|
BZvga miKvix I emiKvix chvq Kwg cRbbi gvag ek wKQy QvU gvQi cYvw`Z Kwg cRbb I cvbv
Drcv`b Kkj DvweZ nqQ|
wb KwZcq QvU gvQi cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b Kkj msc AvjvwPZ njv t
1| K gvQi cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b Kkj

K gvQ mvaviYZ: Lvj-wej, nvIi-euvIo, cyKzi-w`Nx, Wvev-bvjv Ges wbgwZ avb Z `LZ cvIqv hvq| G gvQjv
Avovwjqv RvZxq Dw` hgb Kjwg, njv Ges RjR Abvb Svuc-Svo I Wvj-cvjv AaywlZ Rjvkq ^vQ` emevm
KiZ cQ` Ki| K gvQ MZ wbgwZ MvQi woi Zjvq ev myo emevm Ki Ges mvZnxb Ave cvwbZ ewk
`LZ cvIqv hvq|
cvKwZK cRbb
K gvQ c_g eQiB cRbbg nq, mevP 17 mwg. j^v nq Ges eQi GKevi cRbb Ki|
K gvQi mevbyKzj cRbbKvj Gwcj-RyjvB gvm| Ze gvP _K mî gvm chI cRbb Ki _vK|
cRbb ii c~e elvi ew bvgjB GìK cRbbi Rb Awfcvqb KiZ `Lv hvq Ges Awfcvqb Ki Giv avb
Z, Wvev, cKzi-bvjv, Lvj-wej BZvw` vb Pj hvq| K gvQ mvaviYZ h RvqMvq emevm Ki m RvqMvq
cRbb Ki bv| ZvB cRbb Awfcvqbi gvag vb e`j Ki bq| AZtci bZzb vb Svuc-Svo RvZxq Dwì
ga Avkq wbq wWg Qvo|
K gvQi wWg fvmgvb| Zvcgvvi Dci wbfi Ki 18-24 Nvi ga wbwl wWg dzU evPv ei nq|
evPv/iYy cvbvi Kzmyg_wj 2/3 w`bi ga gv^q kl nj cvKwZK Lv` MnY i Ki|
cYvw`Z cRbb
nigvb BbRKkbi gvag Kwg DcvqI K gvQi cRbb Kivbv hvq| eZgvb AbK emiKvix nvPvixZ K gvQi
Kwg cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b mdjZv jvf KiQ| cyil K gvQi Zzjbvq x K gvQ AvKvi wKQyUv eo nq| GKwU
80-100 Mvg IRbi K gvQi wWg aviY gZv 6,000- 8,000 Gi ga nq _vK|
eW cwZcvjb t DbZ gvbi cvbv Drcv`bi Rb cRbb FZzi 3-4 gvm AvM _KB cvKwZK/Dchy Drm _K
eW gvQ msMn Ki gRy` cyKzi iL 30-35% Avwgl mg Lvevi gvQi `n IRbi 3-5% nvi cqvM KiZ
ne| cvkvcvwk cvKwZK Drcv`bkxjZv ewi Rb cwZ mvn kZvsk cwZ 4-5 KwR Mvei Ges BDwiqv I wUGmwc
mvi 100 Mvg nvi cqvM KiZ ne| cyKzi wbqwgZfve Rvj Ub gvQi ^v cixv KiZ ne| cRbbKvj x
K gvQi Mvqi is nvjKv ev`vwg I e cvLbv Dj ev`vwg eY aviY Ki|
cRbbi Rb BbRKkb `qvi AZt 6 NUv c~e eW gvQ cyKzi _K mZKZvi mv_ cwienY Ki nvPvwiZ Gb
wmvb iL cvwbi dvqviv w`Z ne|
cRbbi Rb cyil I x Dfq gvQK GKwU Ki nigvb BbRKkb w`Z nq| x gvQK 6-8 wgwjMvg wcwR/KwR
nvi I cyil gvQK 2-3 wgwjMvg wcwR/KwR nvi BbRKkb `qvi ci cyil I x gvQK 1t1 AbycvZ nvcvq iL
cvwbi Kwg SYv cevn w`Z ne|
mvaviYZt BbRKkb `qvi 6 NUv ci gvQ wWg w`q _vK| wWg Qvovi ci hZ `Z me eW gvQMyjvK mZKZvi
msM nvcv _K mwiq 1 wcwcGg gvvq cUvwkqvg cvigvvbU èb Mvmj Kwiq cyKzi Qo w`Z ne|
mvaviYZ 22-24 NUv ci wWg dzU iYy cvbv ei nq|
iYyjvK wmgU wmvb ev gUvj UZ vbvi KiZ ne Ges iYyi wW^_wj wbtkwlZ nIqvi ci Lvevi wnme
1-2 w`b wWgi Kzmyg/wUDwed/AvwUwgqv LvIqvZ ne|
cvbv cwZcvjb
K gvQi cvbv cwZcvjbi Rb bvmvwi cyKzii AvqZb 25-30 kZvsk Ges MfxiZv 1-1.5 wgUvi nj fvj nq|
h_vh_ Dcvq bvmvwi cyKzi cZ c~eK cwZ kZvsk 7,000-8,000 wU cvbv (5-7 w`b eqm) gRy` Kiv hZ cvi
ne|
mvc, evO, KxU-cZ BZvw` iva cyKzii Pvicvk 1 wgUvi DPZvq bvBjb bU vcb KiZ ne|
c_g 25 w`b cvbvi `n IRbi wb nvi 20-25% Avwgl hy evwYwRK bvmvwi Lvevi w`Z ne|
eivKZ Lvevi w`b 3-4 evi cyKzi cqvM KiZ ne|
bvmvwi cyKzi 25-30 w`b cvbv cwZcvjbi ci Pvli cyKzi Qvovi Dchy ne|
68
2| gvi gvQi cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b Kkj

gvi AuvBkwenxb wRIj gvQ, `n jvjP ev`vwg ev a~mi Kvjv, mvaviYZt 20-30 mwg. ch j^v nq | gvi gvQ
AwZwi kmbh _vKvi dj `xNY cvwb Qvov euP _vKZ cvi| Lvj, wej, cvebf~wg, nvIi-euvIo, cyKiz w`Nx,
Wvev- bvjv Ges wbgwZ avbZ gvi gvQi cavb Avevmj| mvZnxb Ave cvwbZ AvMvQv, bj- LvMov,
KPzwicvbv Ges cPv Wvj-cvjv hy Rjvkq ^vQ` emevm KiZ cvi| gvi gvQ mvaviYZt mef~K (omnivorous)
Ges Rjvkqi Zjvq emevm Ki|
cvKwZK cRbb
gvi gvQ GK eQii gaB cwicZv jvf Ki Ges eQi GKevi cRbb Ki _vK| GKB eqmi x gvi gvQ
cyil gvi gvQi Zzjbvq wKQyUv AvKvi eo nq| Giv cvKwZK cwiek cRbb mb Ki|
cRbbKvj g _K AvM gvm ch| Ze Ryb- RyjvB gvm mevbyKzj cRbb Kvj wnme weewPZ|
cRbbi mgq bZyb cvwb Avmvi mv_ mv_B Giv Awfcvqb Ki wbKUeZx avbZ, cvUZ, cvebf~wgi Suvc-Svo
GjvKvq hvq Ges mLvb gvwUZ MvjvKvi MZ Ki ZvZ wWg Qvo|
gvi gvQi wWg aviY gZv `wnK IRbi Ici AbKvsk wbfikxj| mvaviYZ 80 _K 100 Mvg IRbi gvi
gvQi wWg aviY gZv 7,000-10,000 wU|
gvii cwic wWg nvjKv meyR _K ZvgvU eYi nq _vK| wbwl wWg AvVvjv Ges MvQi Wvj-cvjv I
AvMvQvq jM _vK|
18-20 NUv ci wWg dzU evPv ei nq| 2-3 w`bi ga Kzmyg _wj wbtkwlZ nq hvIqvi ci wUDwewdwmW Iqvgm
I z` RjR cvKv-gvKo Lv` wnmve Mnb Ki `wnK ew jvf Ki|
cYvw`Z cRbb
nigvb BbRKkbi gvag Kwg DcvqI gvi gvQi cRbb Kivbv hvq| eZgvb AbK miKvix-emiKvix nvPvixZ
gvi gvQi Kwg cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b mdjZv jvf KiQ|
eW cwZcvjb t DbZ gvbi cvbv Drcv`bi Rb cRbb FZzi 3-4 gvm AvM A_vr wWmî-RvbyqvixZ cvKwZK
Drm _K my-mej eW gvQ msMn KiZ ne| gRy` cyKzi cwZ kZvsk 60-80 wU gvQ iL 30-35% Avwgl
mg myiK Lvevi gvQi `n IRbi 4-5% nvi cqvM KiZ ne| cvkvcvwk cvKwZK Drcv`bkxjZv ewi Rb
cwZ mvn kZvsk cwZ 7-8 KwR Mvei Ges BDwiqv I wUGmwc mvi 100 Mvg nvi cqvM KiZ ne| cyKzi
wbqwgZfve Rvj Ub gvQi ^v cixv KiZ ne|
cRbbi Rb BbRKkb `qvi AZt 6 NUv c~e eW gvQ cyKzi _K mZKZvi mv_ cwienb Ki nvPvwiZ Gb
x gvQK cwZ KwRZ 2 wgwj. Ifvwcg A_ev 2 wgwj. mywcg A_ev 80-110 wgwjMvg wcwR GKevi cqvM KiZ
nq| cyil gvQK cwZ KwRZ 1 wgwj. Ifvwcg/mywcg A_ev 30-40 wgwjMvg wcwR GKevi nigvb wnmve cqvM
KiZ nq|
BbRKkb `qvi 12-16 NUv ci gvQ wWg w`q _vK|
cyil gvQi cU KU vkq ei Ki 0.9% jeb èY wgwkq vbyi èY Zix Kiv nq|
x gvQi cU Pvc w`q wWg ei Kiv nq Ges vby èYi mv_ fvjv fve wgwkq wWg wbwl Kiv nq|
wbwl wWg gUvj U/wmgU wmvb fvjfve Qwoq w`q SYv AvKvi cvwb cevni mw KiZ nq|
Zvcgvvi Dci wfw Ki 24-30 NUv ci wWg dzU jvwf ei nq|
wWg dzUvi 2-3 w`b ci iYyK wWgi Kzmyg/AvwUwgqv/wUDwed Lvevi wnmve w`Z nq|
cvbv cwZcvjb
gvi gvQi cvbv cwZcvjbi Rb bvmvwi cyKzii AvqZb 25-30 kZvsk Ges MfxiZv 1-1.5 wgUvi nj fvj nq|
mwVK cwZZ bvmvwi cyKzi cZ Kivi ci cwZ kZvsk 8,000-10,000 wU cvbv (5-7 w`b eqm) gRy` Kiv hZ
cvi ne|
mvc, evO, KxU-cZ BZvw` iva cyKzii Pvicvk 1 wgUvi DPZvq bvBjb bU vcb KiZ ne|
c_g 25 w`b cvbvi `n IRbi wb nvi 20-25% Avwgl hy evwYwRK bvmvix Lvevi w`Z ne|
bvmvwi cyKzi cvbvK c_g 2-3 w`b wUDwed mieivn KiZ ne, cieZxZ axi axi evwYwRK Lvevi Af
KiZ ne|
3| wks gvQi cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b Kkj

wks gvQ AuvBkwenxb j^vU wRIj gvQ, eY ev`vwg jvj, mvaviYZt 20-30 mwg. ch j^v nq, AwZwi kmbh _vKvi
dj `xNY cvwb Qvov euP _vKZ cvi| Lvj, wej, cvebf~wg, nvIi-euvIo, cyKzi, Wvev- bvjv, wbgwZ avb Z
BZvw` GjvKv wks gvQi cavb Avevmj| G Qvov K`gv Zjvi gvwUZ, MZ wbgwZ MvQi Mywoi Zjvq ev myo Giv
emevm KiZ cQ` Ki| wks gvQ AvMvQv, `j, KPzwicvbv, cuPv jZv-cvZv, Wvj-cvjv Aa~wlZ Rjvkq ^vQ` emevm
KiZ cvi| wks gvQ mvaviYZ mef~K (omnivorous), Rjvkqi Zjvi Lv` Lq _vK|
cvKwZK cRbb
wks gvQ c_g eQiB cwicZv jvf Ki Ges eQi GKevi cRbb Ki _vK| GKB eqmi x wks gvQ cyil gvQi
Zzjbvq wKQyUv AvKvi eo nq| Giv cvKwZK cwiek cRbb mb Ki|
cRbbKvj g _K AvM gvm ch| Ze Ryb-RyjvB gvm mevbyKzj cRbb Kvj wnme weewPZ|
cRbbi mgq byZb cvwb Avmvi mv_ mv_B wbKUeZx avb Z, cvU Z, cvebf~wgi Suvc-Svo GjvKvq Pj hvq
Ges mLvb gvwUZ MvjvKvi MZ Ki ZvZ wWg Qvo|
wks gvQi wWg aviY gZv `wnK IRbi Ici AbKvsk wbfikxj| mvaviYZ: `ni AvKwZi Dci wbfi Ki wWg
aviY gZv 4,000-15,000 wU|
cwic wWg nvjKv ZvgvU eYi nq| wbwl wWg AvVvjv Ges MvQi Wvj-cvjv I AvMvQvq jM _vK|
18-20 NUv ci wWg dzU evPv ei nq| 2-3 w`bi ga Kzmyg _wj wbtkwlZ nq hvIqvi ci wUDwewdwmW Iqvgm
I z` RjR cvKv-gvKo Lv` wnmve Mnb Ki `wnK ew jvf Ki|
cYvw`Z cRbb
eZgvb evwYwRKfve wks gvQi cYvw`Z cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b mdjZv jvf KiQ|
eW cwZcvjb t cvKwZK/Dchy Drm _K wWmî-RvbyqvixZ my-mej eW gvQ msMn KiZ ne| Kg MfxiZvi
cyKzi (1-1.5 wgUvi) wks gvQi eW jvjbi Rb ekx DchvMx| kZvsk cwZ 50-80 wU gvQ gRy` KiZ ne Ges
25-30% Avwgl mg myiK Lvevi gvQi `n IRbi 4-5% nvi cqvM KiZ ne| cvkvcvwk cvKwZK
Drcv`bkxjZv ewi Rb cwZ mvn kZvsk cwZ 7-8 KwR Mvei Ges BDwiqv I wUGmwc mvi 100 Mvg nvi
cqvM KiZ ne| cyKzi wbqwgZfve Rvj Ub gvQi ^v cixv KiZ ne|
gvQ nigvb cqvMi AZt 6 NUv c~e eW gvQ cyKzi _K msMn Ki mZKZvi mv_ nvPvwiZ Gb wmvb
ivLZ ne Ges cvwbi dvqviv w`Z ne|
x gvQK cwZ KwRZ 2 wgwj Ifvwcg/mywcg A_ev 60-70 wgwjMvg wcwR GKevi cqvM KiZ nq| cyil gvQK
cwZ KwRZ 1wgwj Ifvwcg/mywcg A_ev 30-35 wgwjMvg wcwR GKevi cqvM KiZ nq|
gvQK BbRKkb `qvi ci cyil I x gvQK 1t1 AbycvZ wmvb A_ev nvcvZ Qo w`Z ne|
BbRKkb `qvi 8-10 NUv ci x gvQ wWg w`q _vK| wWg `qvi ci eW gvQjvK mZKZvi m_ wmvb _K
Zzj 1 wcwcGg cUvwkqvg cvigvvbU èY MvQj Kwiq cyKzi Qo w`Z ne|
wbwl wWg gUvj U/wmgU wmvb fvjfve Qwoq w`q SYv AvKvi cvwb cevni mw KiZ ne|
Zvcgvvi Dci wfw Ki 20-24 NUv ci wWg dzU evPv ei nq|
wWg dzUvi 2-3 w`b ci iYyK wWgi Kzmyg/AvwUwgqv/wUDwed Lvevi wnmve w`Z nq|
70
cvbv cwZcvjb
25-30 kZvsk AvKvi I 1-1.5 wgUvi MfxiZvi cyKzi wks gvQi bvmvwi wnmve eenvi Kiv fvj|
mwVK cwZZ bvmvwi cyKzi cZ Kivi ci cwZ kZvsk 8,000-10,000 wU cvbv (15-20 w`b eqm) gRy` Kiv
hvq|
G mgq cyKzii Pvicvk 1 wgUvi DPz bvBjb Rvj vcb Ki mvc, evO, KxU-cZ cwZiva Kiv nq|
cvbvi `n IRbi wb nvi 20-25% Avwgl hy evwYwRK bvmvwi Lvevi w`Z ne|
4| evUv gvQi cYvw`Z cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b Kkj
eW cwZcvjb t fvb evUv ev iev gvQi cRbbKvj Gwcj-AvM gvm| cRbbi 3-4 gvm c~e my-mej eW
gvQK 25% Avwgl mg myiK Lvevi cqvM cwZcvjb KiZ ne| Lvevi wnmve PvDji Kzuov, mwilvi Lj, wdk
wgj I wfUvwgb GK wgwkZ Ki gvQi `n IRbi 3-5% nvi `wbK 2-3 evi cyKzi cqvM KiZ ne| cyKzi
cvKwZK Drcv`bkxjZv ewi Rb cwZ mvn kZvsk cwZ 4-5 KwR Mvei Ges BDwiqv I wUGmwc mvi 100 Mvg
nvi cqvM KiZ ne| cyKzi wbqwgZfve Rvj Ub gvQi ^v cixv KiZ ne|
evUv gvQi cRbbi Rb nigvb BbRKkb `qvi 6-10 NUv c~e eW gvQ ai mZKZvi mv_ nvPvwiZ wmgU
wmvb vbvi Ki cvwbi dvqviv w`Z ne|
x I cyil Dfq gvQK GKevi Ki nigvb BbRKkb w`Z nq| mvavibZ x gvQK cwZ KwRZ 4-6 wgwjMvg
nvi Ges cyil gvQK 1-2 wgwjMvg nvi wcwR èb nigvb wnme `qv nq|
BbRKkb `qvi ci cyil I x gvQK 1t1 AbycvZ wmvb iL cvwbi Kwg cevn w`Z ne|
BbRKkb `qvi 8-9 NUv ci mvaviYZt Pvc cqvM cwZ ev wbqwZ cvwb cevni cvKwZK cwiek mwi gvag
gvQi wWg msMn Kiv nq| wWg `qvi ci eW gvQjvK mZKZvi m_ wmvb _K Zzj 1 wcwcGg cUvwkqvg
cvigvvbU èY MvQj Kwiq cyKzi Qo w`Z ne|
wbwl wWg nvPvwiZ dvbj BbKzeUi ev evZj Rvi cvwbi cevn w`q wWg dvUvbv nq|
Zvcgvvi Dci wfw Ki 14-16 NUv ci wWg dzU evPv ei nq|
wWg dzUvi 2-3 w`b ci iYyK wWgi Kzmyg Lvevi wnmve w`Z nq|
cvbv cwZcvjb
evUv gvQi bvmvwi cyKzii AvqZb 25-30 kZvsk I MfxiZv 1-1.5 wgUvi nj fvj nq|
mwVK cwZZ bvmvwi cyKzi cZ Kivi ci cwZ kZvsk 10,000-15,000 wU cvbv (5-7 w`b eqm) gRy` Kiv hvq|
cv_wgKfve 5 w`b iYy cvbvi gvU IRbi wb nvi Ges cieZx 5 w`b Ai Ai cvbvi gvU IRbi h_vg
15, 10 I 5% nvi evwYwRK bvmvwi Lvevi A_ev myiK Lvevi w`Z nq|
bvmvwi cyKzi 25-30 w`b cvbv cwZcvjbi ci Pvli cyKzi Qvovi Dchy nq|
5| `kx micyuwU gvQi cYvw`Z cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b Kkj
eW cwZcvjb t micyuwU gvQi mevbyKzj cRbbKvj nQ Gwcj-Ryb gvm| cRbbi 3-4 gvm c~e my-mej eW
gvQK 25-30% Avwgl mg myiK Lvevi cqvM cwZcvjb KiZ nq| Lvevi wnmve PvDji Kzuov, mwilvi Lj,
wdk wgj I wfUvwgb wcwg GK wgwkZ Ki gvQi `n IRbi 3-5% nvi `wbK 2-3 evi cyKzi cqvM KiZ
nq| cyKzi cvKwZK Drcv`bkxjZv ewi Rb cwZ mvn kZvsk cwZ 4-5 KwR Mvei Ges BDwiqv I wUGmwc mvi
100 Mvg nvi cqvM KiZ nq Ges wbqwgZfve Rvj Ub gvQi ^v cixv KiZ nq|
micyuwU gvQi cRbbi Rb nigvb cqvMi 6-10 NUv c~e eW gvQ ai mZKZvi mv_ nvPvwiZ wmgU wmvb
vbvi Ki cvwbi dvqviv w`Z ne|
cRbbi Rb x I cyil Dfq gvQK GKwU Ki nigvb BbRKkb w`Z nq| mvaviYZt x gvQK cwZ KwRZ 67 wgwjMvg nvi Ges cyil gvQK 2 wgwjMvg nvi wcwR èb cqvM Kiv nq|
nigvb cqvMi ci cyil I x gvQK 1t1 AbycvZ wmvb iL cvwbi Kwg cevn w`Z ne|
BbRKkb `qvi 6-7 NUv ci x gvQ wWg `q| mvaviYZt cvwb cevni wbqwZ cvKwZK cwiek mwi gvag
gvQi wWg msMn Kiv nq| wWg `qvi ci eW gvQjvK mZKZvi mv_ 1 wcwcGg gvvq cUvwkqvg cvigvvbU
èY MvQj Kwiq cyKz i Qo w`Z ne|
wbwl wWg nvPvwiZ dvbj BbKzeUi ev evZj Rvi cvwbi cevn w`q wWg dvUvbv nq |
Zvcgvvi Dci wfw Ki mvaviYZ 18-20 NUv ci wWg dzU evPv ei nq|
wWg _K iYy ei nIqvi ci nvcvZ 2-3 w`b ivLZ nq| AZtci iYyi wWg_wj wbtkwlZ nIqvi ci Lvevi
wnme iYyK gyiMxi wWgi Kzmyg w`Z nq|
cvbv cwZcvjb
cvbv cwZcvjbi Rb AvZzi cyKzii AvqZb 25-30 kZvsk I MfxiZv 1-1.5 wgUvi nj fvj nq|
mwVK cwZZ bvmvwi cyKzi cZ Kivi ci cwZ kZvsk 10,000-15,000 wU cvbv (5-7 w`b eqm) gRy` Kiv hvq|
cv_wgKfve 5 w`b iYy cvbvi gvU IRbi wb nvi Ges cieZx 5 w`b Ai Ai cvbvi gvU IRbi h_vg
15, 10 I 5% nvi evwYwRK bvmvwi Lvevi A_ev myiK Lvevi w`Z nq|
bvmvwi cyKzi 25-30 w`b cvbv cwZcvjbi ci Pvli cyKzi Qvovi Dchy nq|
6| cve`v I jkv gvQi cYvw`Z cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b Kkj
eW cwZcvjb t cve`v I jkv gvQi cRbbKvj Ryb-RyjvB gvm| DbZgvbi cvbv Drcv`bi Rb cRbb FZzi 34 gvm AvM _KB cvKwZK Drm _K eW gvQ msMn Ki kZvsk cwZ 60-80wU gRy` Kiv hZ cvi| Lvevi
wnmve Gmgq 30% Avwgl mg myiK Lvevi gvQi `n IRbi 3-5% nvi `wbK 2-3 evi cyKzi cqvM
KiZ ne| cyKzi cvKwZK Drcv`bkxjZv ewi Rb cwZ mvn kZvsk cwZ 4-5 KwR Mvei Ges BDwiqv I
wUGmwc mvi 100 Mvg nvi cqvM KiZ ne| cyKzi wbqwgZfve Rvj Ub gvQi ^v cixv KiZ ne|
cYvw`Z cRbbi Rb nigvb cqvMi 6-10 NUv c~e eW gvQ cyKzi _K msMn Ki mZKZvi mv_ nvPvwiZ
wmgU wmvb iL cvwbi dvqviv w`Z ne|
wb cve`v I jkv gvQi cYvw`Z cRbbi nigvbi gvv DjL Kiv njv t
cRbb Kvhg
BbRKkb cqvM
nigvb gvv
cve`v
2 evi
1g WvR t
x: 3-4 wgwjMvg wcwR/KwR
cyil: 4-6 wgwjMvg wcwR/KwR
2q WvR: 6 NUv ci
jkv
1 evi
Dfq gvQB nigvb cqvMi ci 1t1 AbycvZ nvcv/ wmvb iL cvwbi Kwg cevn mw Kiv nq hvZ gvQ cRbbi
Rb cYvw`Z nq|
nigvb cqvMi 8-10 NUv ci x gvQ wWg w`q _vK|
wWg `qvi ci eW gvQjvK mZKZvi m_ nvcv/wmvb _K Zzj 1 wcwcGg cUvwkqvg cvigvvbU èY MvQj
Kwiq cyKzi Qo w`Z ne|
72
Zvcgvvi Dci wfw Ki 18-22 NUv ci wWg dzU iY cvbv ei nq Ges Kzmyg _wj wbtkwlZ nIqv ch nvcv/
wmvb ivLZ nq|
Kzmyg_wj wbtkwlZ nIqvi ci iYyK wmvb vbvi Ki c_g 1-2 w`b wWgi Kzmyg w`Z ne Ges cieZx 8-10
w`b Lv` wnmve Ry-cvUb/AvwUwgqv bwc mieivn KiZ nq|
cvbv cwZcvjb
cve`v I jkvi bvmvwi cyKzii AvqZb 5-10 kZvsk I MfxiZv 1 wgUvi nj fvj nq|
cyKzi cwZi mgq cvKwZK Lvevi (weklZt Ry-cvUb) Drcv`bi Rb kZvsk cwZ 20 KwR nvi Mvei mvi
cqvM KiZ nq|
h_vh_fve bvmvwi cZ Kivi ci cwZ kZvsk 8-10 w`b eqmi 3,000-4,000 wU cve`v/jkv gvQi cvbv gRy`
Kiv hvq|
cvbv Qvovi ci cvbvi gvU IRbi 12-15% nvi myiK Lvevi (40% Pvji Kzov, 30% mwilvi Lj I 30%
wdkwgj Gi wgkY) A_ev evwYwRK bvmvwi Lvevi c`vb KiZ ne|
bvmvwi cyKzi cwZcvjbi ci cvbvi IRb 2.0-2.5 Mvg nj Zv Pvl cyKzi QvoZ ne|
7| Pvli cyKzi gjv I cyuwU gvQi cvKwZK cRbb
gjv I cyuwU gvQi cYvw`Z cRbb Kiv nq bv Kbbv cvKwZK Rjvkq, cyKzi-Wve nZ G mKj gvQ mnRB cvIqv
hvq| Gì eW gvQ mivmwi Pvli cyKzi gRy` Ki cvKwZKfve cvbv Drcv`b Kiv hvq Ges GKevi gRy` KijB
cieZxZ Pvli Rb Avi cvbv gRy` Kivi cqvRb nq bv|
eW msMn
cvKwZK Drm A_ev Avkcvki cyKzi nZ gjv I cyuwU gvQi eW msMn Kiv hvq| eW aivi mgq LyeB mveavbZv
Aej^b KiZ nq, KviY G gvQjv LyeB bvRyK cKw Zi| GRb big mywZi eo Rvj viv Kg bvovPvov Ki gvQ aiv
DwPZ|
eW cwienb
eW wnmve vbvii mgq Lye mveavbZvi mv_ cwienb KiZ ne, Kbbv G gvQjv Lye mnRB gviv hvIqvi mvebv
_vK| me nj AwRb evM 200wU Ki eW cwienb KiZ ne| eW gvQi Drm KvQvKvwQ nIqv fvj hvZ Ki 23 NUvi gaB Pvli cyKzi eW gRy` Kiv hvq| Kg `~iZi cvwZjI eW gvQ cwienb Kiv hvq, Ze G 30
wjUvi cvwbZ 1 cvKU IimvjvBb Gi 1/4 fvM fvj fve wgwkq 150-170 wU eW cwienb Kiv hvq|
gRy` NbZ
gjv I cuywU gvQ eW wnmve msMn Kivi ci Kvc wgk Pvli cyKyi cwZ kZvsk 50wU gjv I 50wU cuywU gRy` KiZ nq|
cvKwZKfve Pvli cyKzi gjv I cuywUi esk ewZ KiYxq
Pvli cyKzi gjv I cyuwU gvQi esk ewi myweav_ cyKzii cvo wbqwZ gvvq RjR AvMvQv (Kjwg, njv, gvj
BZvw`) ivLZ ne|
cyKzi eW gRyì 15-30 w`bi ga RjR AvMvQvq Giv cvKwZKfve cRbb Ki Ges Gmgq cPzi cwigvb cvbv
fvmgvb Aevq cvwbi DcwifvM `Lv hvq| G Aevq cyKzi KvbfveB Rvj Uvbv hve bv| cvbvK Lv` wnmve
Pvji wgwn Kzov Kbv Avq cyKzii DcwifvM wQwUq w`Z ne|
eW gRyì A mgqi gaB cvbvi msLv AZvwaK nvi eo hvq| G Aevq gjv/cywu U eo nj (3-4 mwg.) 15
w`b Ai Ai AvswkK AvniY Kiv AZvekK|
wdc PvU cwiKbv
cRbb
cRbb nj Rxei eabi RbMZ gZv| cRbb viv Rxe bZzb
Rxei ev mvbi Rb `q| h Kvb cwZZ cwic Rxe _K
bZzb Rxei Rb nIqvUvB nj cRbb| grm cRbbi
mvavibZt wWgdzU bZzb Rxei Rb nq|
`kxq QvU gvQi cRbb

I cvbv Drcv`b Kkj
QvU gvQi cRbb :

cvKwZK cRbb : cvKwZK cwiek (hgb b`-b`xZ) ^Qv
cbvw`Zfve gvQi cRbbB cvKwZK cRbb|
Kwg cRbb : nvPvixZ Kwgfve gvQK nigvb ev DRK
eenvi Ki cRbb KivbvB Kwg cRbb|
K gvQi cRbb
QvU gvQi cRbb Kvj I cRbb aiY

cvKwZK cRbb
cRvwZ cRbb Kvj
gjv
cuywU
Xjv
wks
gvi
K
cve`v
jkv
wWg aviY
gZv
g-Avei
mevbyKzj: AvM
3,596150
(75-80 wgwg gvQ)
g-Avei (2wU FZz) 1,400 - 1,900
g-RyjvB
1,050 - 9,360
Ryb-RyjvB
8,000-10,000
(40-70 Mvg gvQ)
Ryb-RyjvB
7,000-8,000
(80-100 Mvg gvQ)
Ryb-RyjvB
6,000-8,000
(80-100 Mvg gvQ)
g-AvM
11,000-20,000
mevbyKzj: Ryb-RyjvB (40-100 Mvg gvQ)
Ryb-mî
6,000-22,000
mevbyKzj: RyjvB-AvM (28-52 Mvg gvQ)
cRbb
aiY
cvKwZK
cvKwZK
cvKwZK
cvKwZK
Kwg
cvKwZK
Kwg
cvKwZK
Kwg
Kwg
Kwg
1g eQiB cRbbg nq I eQi 1 evi cRbb Ki|

cRbb FZzZ elvi ew bvgjB cRbbi Rb Giv gvBMU
Ki avb Z, Wvev, Lvj-wej BZvw` vb Pj hvq| AZtci
bZzb vb Svuc-Svo RvZxq Dwì ga wWg Qvo|
K gvQi wWg fvmgvb| Zvcgvvi Dci wbfi Ki 18-24
Nvi ga wbwl wWg dzU evPv ei nq|
cYvw`Z cRbb
cRbb FZzi 3-4 gvm cye cvKwZK/ Dchy Drm _K eW
msMn Ki cwZcvjb KiZ ne|
BbRKkbi AZt 6 NUv c~e eW gvQ nvPvwiZ Gb
nigvb WvR t x gvQ: 6-8 wgMv. wcwR/KwR
cyil gvQ: 2-3 wgMv. wcwR/KwR
cyil I x gvQK 1t1 AbycvZ nvcvq ivLZ nq|
K gvQi cvbv cwZcvjb
gvi gvQi cRbb
cvbv cwZcvjb
cvKwZK cRbb
K gvQi bvmvwi cyKzii AvqZb 25-30 kZvsk

Ges MfxiZv 1-1.5 wgUvi nj fvj nq|
gvi gvQ 1 eQii gaB cwicZv jvf Ki|
h_vh_fve bvmvwi cyKzi cZ Ki cwZ kZvsk 57 w`b eqmi 7-8 nvRvi cvbv gRy` KiZ ne|
mvc, evO, KxU-cZ iva cyKzii Pvicvk 1
wgUvi DPZvq bvBjb bU vcb KiZ ne|
c_g 25 w`b `n IRbi wb nvi 20-25%
Avwgl hy evwYwRK bvmvix Lvevi w`Z ne|
eivKZ Lvevi w`b 3-4 evi cqvM KiZ ne|
cRbbi mgq elvi cvwb Avmvi mvv_ mv_B Giv

gvBMU Ki wbKUeZx avb Z, cvU Z, cvebf~wgi
Suvc-Svo GjvKvq hvq Ges mLvb gvwUZ MvjvKvi MZ
Ki ZvZ wWg Qvo|
wWg `qvi 18-20 NUv ci wWg dzU evPv ei nq|
cYvw`Z cRbb
nigvb WvR t
74
x: 2 wgMv. Ifvwcg/mywcg ev 80-100 wgM.v wcwR/KwR
bvmvwi cyKzi 25-30 w`b cwZcvjbi ci cvbv

Pvli cyKzi Qvovi Dchy ne|
cyil: 1 wgMv. Ifvwcg/mywcg ev 30-40 wgMv. wcwR/KwR

cyil I x gvQK 1t1 AbycvZ nvcvq ivLZ nq|
gvi gvQi cvbv cwZcvjb

cvbv cwZcvjb
wks gvQi cRbb

cvKwZK cRbb
gvi gvQi bvmvwi cyKzii AvqZb 25-30 kZvsk

Ges MfxiZv 1-1.5 wgUvi nj fvj nq|
bvmvwi cyKzi cZ Kivi ci kZvsk cwZ 5-7 w`b

eqmi 8-10 nvRvi cvbv gRy` Kiv hZ cvi|
mvc, evO, KxU-cZ iva cyKzii Pvicvk 1 wg.
DPZvq bvBjb bU vcb KiZ ne|
c_g 25 w`b cvbvi `n IRbi wb nvi 20-25%
Avwglhy evwYwRK bvmvix Lvevi w`Z ne|
bvmvwiZ cvbvK c_g 2-3 w`b wUDwed mieivn
Ki, cieZxZ axi axi evwYwRK Lvevi Af
KiZ ne|
eivKZ Lv` w`b 2-3 evi cqvM KiZ ne|
bvmvwi cyKzi 25-30 w`b cwZcvjbi ci cvbv
Pvli cyKzi Qvovi Dchy ne|
wks gvQ c_g eQiB cwicZv jvf Ki|

cRbbi mgq elvi cvwb Avmvi mvv_ mv_B Giv
gvBMU Ki wbKUeZx avb Z, cvU Z, cvebf~wgi
Suvc-Svo GjvKvq hvq Ges mLvb gvwUZ MvjvKvi MZ
Ki ZvZ wWg Qvo|
wWg `qvi 18-20 NUv ci wWg dzU evPv ei nq|

cYvw`Z cRbb
cRbb FZzi 3-4 gvm cye cvKwZK/ Dchy Drm _K
eW msMn Ki cwZcvjb KiZ ne|
nigvb WvR t
x: 2 wgMv. Ifvwcg/mywcg ev 60-70 wgMv. wcwR/KwR
cyil: 1 wgMv. Ifvwcg/mywcg ev 30-35 wgMv. wcwR/KwR
evUv gvQi cYvw`Z cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b
`kx micuywU gvQi cYvw`Z cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b
BbRKkbi AZ t 6 NUv c~e eW gvQ nvPvwiZ

Gb wmvb iL cvwbi dvqviv w`Z ne|
BbRKkbi AZ t 6 NUv c~e eW gvQ nvPvwiZ Gb

nigvb WvR t
nigvb WvR t
x: 4-6 wgMv. wcwR/KwR; cyil: 1-2 wgMv. wcwR/KwR
x: 6-7 wgMv. wcwR/KwR; cyil: 2 wgMv. wcwR/KwR
cvbv cwZcvjb
cvbv cwZcvjb
gRy` NbZ: 10-15 nvRvi/kZK (5-7 w`b eqmi)
c_g 5 w`b `n IRbi wb nvi Ges cieZx 5

c_g 5 w`b `n IRbi wb nvi Ges cieZx 5 w`b
w`b Ai Ai cvbvi `n IRbi h_vg 15, 10
Ai Ai cvbvi `n IRbi h_vg 15, 10 I 5%
I 5% nvi Lvevi w`Z nq|
nvi Lvevi w`Z nq|
bvmvwi cyKzi 25-30 w`b cvbv cwZcvjbi ci bvmvwi cyKzi 25-30 w`b cvbv cwZcvjbi ci Pvli
Pvli cyKzi Qvovi Dchy nq|
cyKzi Qvovi Dchy nq|
Pvli cyKzi gjv I cuywUi cvKwZK cRbb
cve`v I jkvi cYvw`Z cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b

cYvw`Z cRbb
cRvwZ
eW msMn:
1g WvR
2q WvR
cvKwZK Drm A_ev cyKzi nZ gjv I cyuwU

gvQi eW msMn Kiv hvq|
cve`v x: 3-4 wgMv. wcwR/KwR x: 12-16 wgMv.wcwR/KwR eW cwienb: AwRb evM 200 wU eW|
cys: 4-6wgMv. wcwR/KwR cys: 6-8wgMv wcwR/KwR
cvwZj 30 wjUvi cvwbZ 1 cvKU IimvjvBb
jkv x:8-12 wgMv. wcwR/KwR
Gi 1/4 fvM wgwkq 150-170 wU eW|
cys: 4-6wgMv. wcwR/KwR
cvbv cwZcvjb
gRy` NbZ:
Kvc wgk Pvli cyKyi cwZ kZvsk 100 wU

(50 wU gjv I 50 wU cywU) gRy` KiZ nq|
esk ewZ KiYxq: cyKzii cvo wbqwZ gvvq RjR

AvMvQv (Kjwg, njv, gvj BZvw`) ivLZ ne|
cvbv Qvovi ci `n IRbi 12-15% nvi

myiK Lvevi (40% Pvji Kzov, 30% mwilvi Lj - eW gRyì 15-30 w`bi ga Giv RjR AvMvQvq
cvKwZKfve cRbb Ki|
I 30% wdkwgj) ev evwYwRK Lvevi c`vb KiZ
ne|
- G Aevq cyKzi KvbfveB Rvj Uvbv hve bv|
bvmvwi cyKzi 25-30 w`b cwZcvjbi ci cvbv - cvbvK Lv` wnmve Pvji wgwn Kzov Kbv Aevq
Pvli cyKzi Qvovi Dchy nq|
cyKzii DcwifvM wQwUq w`Z ne|
76
`jxq Awaekb cwiKbv

w`b t02
mgq t 11.15-12.15
gqv`Kvj t 60 wgwbU
wkivbvg
t QvU gvQi cvbv msMn,cwienb I kvab
Afx `j
t cwkYv_xì cvKwZK Drm/nvPvwi nZ cvbv msMn I cwienY mK wevwiZ aviYv `qv ne

hvZ Zviv AwRZ vb KvR jvwMq YMZ gvbmb cvbv msMn I mwVKfve cwienYi
Pvlxì cqvRbxq mnvqZv c`vb KiZ cvib|
Dk
t G Awaekb kl cwkYv_xMY cvKwZK Drm ev nvPvwi nZ YMZgvb mb cvbv cwienYi c~e KiYxq welqmg~n evLv
KiZ cvieb|
cvbvi UKmB cwZ mK ejZ cvieb|
cvbv cwienY cwZ I mZKZv mK ejZ cvieb|
cvbv kvab I gRy` mK ejZ cvieb|
welqm~wP
AvjvP welq
cwkY Kkj
f~wgKv
mgq
4 wgwbU
^vMZ
c~ee Zx Awaekbi mv_ mshvM vcb
Dk evLv
DyKiY
eZv
welqe
50 wgwbU
1. bvmvix nZ cvbv cwienYi c~e KiYxq t
Rvj Ub cvbvi AvKvi I ^v cheY
gRy` DchvMx cvbv gvQ MwWs Ki h_vme GKB

AvKvi I IRbi cvbv msMn
cvbvi cU Lvwj Ki bqv

2. cvbv UKmB cwZ t
mvKzjvi UvsKi myweav _vKj GZ cvbv iL
chv cvwb cevn w`q b~bZg 6 NUv ivLv A_ev
cZvwkZ AvKvii cvbv evQvB Ki bvmvix cyKziB
eo nvucv vcb Ki GZ evQvBKZ cvvbvjv iL
Rvji `N eivei cvi mvnvh cyKzii cvwb 5/6
NUv cevn `qv
3. cvbv cwienY cwZ t
mbvZb cwZ
AvaywbK cwZ
Abvb AvaywbK cwZ
eZv I ckvi
eZv I ckvi
eZv I ckvi
eZv I ckvi
10 wgwbU
10 wgwbU
20 wgwbU
welqm~wP
AvjvP welq
cwkY Kkj
mgq
4. cvbv cwienY mZKZv t
cwienYi c~e cvbvi cU Lvwj Ki bqv
GKB AvKvii cvbv cwienY Kiv
`yej cvbv cwienY bv Kiv
cwjw_b evM cvbv cwienY Dg

5. cvbv kvab I gRy` t
5 wgwbU
eZv I ckvi
mvi-msc
5 wgwbU
6 wgwbU
1. g~j welqmg~n msc cybivjvPbv
2. ckvii gvag Dk hvPvB
bvmvix nZ cvbv msMni c~e weeP welq Kx Kx ?
mvKyjvi UvsK bv _vKj Kx cwZZ cvbv UKmB

Kiv hvq ?
cvbv kvabi `ywU cqvRbxqZv ejyb

3. nv AvDU weZiY
4. cieZx Awaekbi mv_ mshvM vcb- mylg m~iK
Lv` cqvM|
cwkY mnvqK mvgMx t gvKvi, wdc PvU, nv AvDU, BZvw`|
78
ckvi
QvU gvQi cvbv msMn, cwienY I kvab

QvU gvQi cvbv cwienb iB RvZxq cvbv cwienbi gZ njI GKUy wfbZv iqQ| QvU gvQi ga K, wks gvi,
cve`v, jkv BZvw` gvQ KvUvhy nIqvq eo AvKvii cvbv AwRb evM cwienYi wekl mZKZv Aej^b
KiZ nq| wks gvI, cve`v, jkv BZvwì QvU cvbv AwRb evM cwienY KivB Dg|
K, wks I gvi gvQi cvbv bvmvwi cyKzi 25-35 w`b cwZcvjbi ci hLb cvbvjv 2.5- 3 mwg. AvKvii nq ZLb
gRy` cyKzi vbvi KiZ nq| Drmj _K gRy` cyKzii `yiZ hZKg nq cvbvi gZz nvi ZZ Kg nq| ekx `yiZ
cwienYi gZy nvi ekx nq| h Kvb Drm _K msMn I cwienYi wewfb cwZ Aej^b Kiv hvq|
cwZmg~n wbgic t
1) mbvZb cwZ t G cwZwU mbvZb njI ewki fvM B cvbv cwinb GB cwZ AbymiY Kiv nq| Ze iYy
(Spawn) cwienYi G cwZi eenvi LyeB Kg| G cwZZ Gvjywgwbqvgi cvwZj ev Wvgi gvag cvbv
cwienb KiZ nq| cvbv cwienbi c~e AekB cvbv UKmB Ki wbZ ne| UKmB KiYi ci cvbv cwienY
DchvMx nj cwigvY gZ bjKzc/b`x/ cyKzii cwivi Vvv cvwb wbZ ne| G cwZZ mvaviYZ: 20-30wU
cvbv/wjUvi NbZ cwienY Kiv hvq|
gvV chvq G cwZZ cvbv cwienbi nvi wbgic (6-8 NUvi gb) t
cvwZji gvag
K gvQ - 1,000-1,500wU (8-12 wj: cvwb)

wks I gvi- 1,000-2,000wU (8-12 wj: cvwb)
cve`v I jkv 1,000-1,600 wU (8-12 wj: cvwb)
K- Mo IRb 0.2- 0.3 Mvg nj 7-8 nvRvi cwZ Wvg|

K Mo IRb 0.4-0.5 Mvg nj 5-6 nvRvi cwZ Wvg|
wks I gvi- 4,000- 6,000 wU cwZ Wvg|
Wvgi gvag
DjLhvM wks Ges gvi gvQi cvbv Wvg/cvwZj cwienY bv KivB fvj| KviY ` yUv gvQB Zj`kx| dj eyK Nmv
jM Z mw nq Ges ci cvbv BbdKkb nIqvi KviY gviv hvq|
G cwZZ cvbv cwienY Kvj cvwZj/ Wvg gyL fRv cvZjv Kvco ev gkvixi Rvj w`q XK ivLZ nq| G
cvwZj/Wvgi cvwbZ nvZ w`q ev SuvwKq evZvmi AwRb wgkvZ nq Ges 4/5 NUv ci ci cvwb e`jvZ nq| cvbv
cwienYKvj j ivLZ ne hb Wvg/cvwZji cvwb AZvwaK Mig bv nq|
2) AvaywbK cwZ t
G cwZZ cwjw_b evM cvwb Ges AwRb mn cvbvK cvKU Ki cwienY Kiv nq| mvaviYZt eZgvb gvV chvq
66 mwg. x 46 mwg. AvKvii cwjw_b evM cvbv cwienY Kiv nq| cwZwU cvKU 2wU Ki cwjw_b evM eenvi KivB
Dg| Kvb KviY hw` GKwU evM wQ` nq hvq Ze wZxqwU cvwb, AwRb I cvbv iv KiZ mvnvh Kie|
cvbv cvwKs Kivi mgq mgvb AvKvii `yBwU cwjw_b evM wbq GKwU AbwUi wfZi XywKq Zvi 1/3 Ask cvwb viv fwZ
KiZ ne Ges evMi Dcii Ask GK nvZ w`q AvUwKq Ges Ab nvZ w`q evMwUK Dwq cvwq `LZ ne
Kvb wQ` c_ cvwb ewiq hvq wKbv| wQ`hyz cwjw_b evM cvIqv Mj Zv cwieZb KiZ ne|
wbgi wbqg Abymvi cwjw_b evM cvKU Ki cvbv cwienb Kiv DgevMi AvKvi
cvbvi cRvwZ
`~iZ
eqm
cwigvY
15-18 NUv
20-21 w`b
250-300 Mvg
wks
15-18 NUv
30-40 w`b
300-400 Mvg
gvi
15-18 NUv
25-30 w`b
300-400 Mvg
K/wks/gvi
4-6 NUv
20-25 w`b
1.0-1.5 KwR
cve`v/jkv
15-18 NUv
25-30 w`b
250-300 Mvg
gjv/cywUeW
4-6 NUv
250-350wU
cwjw_bi evMi 1/3 Ask cvwb fi ZvZ cqvRbxq cwigvb cvbv iL cwjw_bi evKx Ask AwRb viv c~Y Ki
myZwj / ivevi ev w`q fvj fve eua wbZ ne hvZ AwRb ewiq hZ bv cvi| cvbv cwienYi Rb cvwbi
Zvcgvv 22-270 mjwmqvm Gi ga ivLv DwPZ| cvwbi Zvcgvv ekx nj AwRb aviY gZv Kg hvq|
cwienYKvj cwjw_b evM hvZ wQ` nZ bv cvi m w`K wekl `w ivLZ ne| me nj cwjw_b evM evq fi
cwienY KiZ ne|
3) Abvb cwZ
Dciv cwZ QvovI wbgv cwZZ cvbv cwienY Kiv hvq1. Bbmyj&UW UvsK GiUii mvnvh AwRb mieivni gvag cvbv cwienY Kiv hvq|
2. Kvbfvm UvsKi gvag wcK-Avc ev Ab Kvb Mvox eenvi Ki GiUi mU Ki cvbv cwienY Kiv hvq|
3. AvRKvj fvb MvoxZ / UyZ gvUv cwjw_b kxU w`q Kvbfvm UvsK Zwi KiI cvbv cwienY KiZ `Lv
hvq|
cvbv cwienY mZKZv
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
GKwU cvwZj ev Wvg /UvsK/evM GKB AvKvii cvbv cwienY Kiv DwPZ|
cvbv cwienY Kivi AvM cvbvK cU Lvwj Ki Kwkwbs Ki wbZ ne|
`yej cvbv cwienY Kiv hve bv|
cwienYKvj mivmwi bjKzci cvwb evM/cvwZj/Wvg/UvsK `qv DwPZ bq| GZ cvbv gviv hZ cvi|
cqvRb nj GKB Zvcgvvi fvj cvwb w`q evMi ev cwienY cvi cvwb e`jvbv hZ cvi|
wks I gvi gvQi cvbv Wvg /cvwZj cwienYKvj cUi w`K _K Nlv Lq Z mw nq| ZvB GjvK
evM cwienY KivB fvj| evM cwienY Ki cvbvvK AekB kvab Ki cyKzi QvoZ ne Ges Kg cwigvY
cvbv GK mv_ cwienY KiZ ne|
7. jvnvi /cbkxUi Wvgi cwieZ cvwK Wvg cvbv cwienY KivB fvj| ZvZ wZ Kg nq|
cvbv kvab I cwZlaK wPwKrmv

cvbv cwienY Ki Lvgvi bIqvi ci cyKz i Qvovi c~e cvbv kvab Ki wbZ ne Ges GZ cvbv my _vKe Ges
ivM evjvB Gi mvebv Kg hve| cvbv wbgicfve kvab Kiv hve 1. GKwU evjwZZ 10 wjUvi cvwb wbq Gi ga 200 Mvg Lvevi jeb A_ev 1 Pv PvgP Wvvix cUvk (KMnO4)
wgkvZ ne|
80
2. AZ:ci evjwZi Dci GKwU Nb Rvj iL Zvi ga cwZevi 200-300wU cvbv QvoZ ne|
3. Zvici Rvj ai cvbvjvK evjwZi cvwbZ 30 mK Mvmj KivZ ne |
4. Gfve GKevi Zwi Kiv jeY/ cUvki cvwbZ 5-7 evi kvab Kiv hve|
Wvvix cUvk ev jeY cvwb w`q cvbv kvab QvovI GwUUevqvwUK w`q cvbvK cyKzi Qvovi mv_ mv_B ivMgy ev
ivM cwZiva eev MnY Kiv hvq, hgb1. cyKzi cvbv Qvovi ci Mvg cRwUf, Mvg bMwUf eKUwiqv, fvBivm, dvsMvm, GvjwR I cvURvqvRwbZ
gvivZK wZKi ivMRxevbyjvK cwZiva I wbg~j Kivi Rb Oxyseytin, Lenocide BZvw` eenvi Kij
fvj dj cvIqv hvq| GQvovI evRvi wewfb Kvvbxi wewfb aibi ivM cwZiva KiZ cvi Ggb Jla
cvIqv hvq|
Lenocide (Zij)
Oxyseytin 20% (cvDWvi)
Renamycin
(cvDWvi)
5 wgwj/kZK/2-3 dzU MfxiZv

10 Mvg cwigvY Jla cwZ 100 KwR Lvevi wgwkq 10 w`b ch LvIqvZ ne|
cwZ 10 KwR Lvevi 1 Pv PvgP cwigvb Jla Lvevi wgwkq 5-7 w`b LvIqvZ
ne|
wdc PvU cwiKbv

cvbv cwienb cwZ (Pjgvb)
3) Abvb cwZ :
Dciv cwZ QvovI wbgv cwZZ cvbv cwienY
Kiv hvq-
QvU gvQi cvvbv msMn,

cwienY I kvab
1| mbvZb cwZt
(6-8
cvwZji gvag
K: 1,000- 1,500wU (8-12 wjt cvwbZ)
wks I gvi: 1,000-2,000wU (8-12 wjt

cvwbZ)
cve`v I jkv: 1,000-1,600 wU (8-12 wj:

cvwbZ)
Wvgi gvag
Bbmyj&UW UvsK GiUii mvnvh AwRb

mieivni gvag cvbv cwienY Kiv hvq|
Kvbfvm UvsKi gvag wcK-Avc ev Ab Kvb

Mvox eenvi Ki GiUi mU Ki cvbv cwienY
Kiv hvq|
AvRKvj fvb MvoxZ / UyZ gvUv cwjw_b kxU

w`q Kvbfvm UvsK Zwi KiI cvbv cwienY
KiZ `Lv hvq|
cvbv cwienY mZKZvt

gvV chvq G cwZZ cvbv cwienbi
NUv gb) nvi wbgic t
cvwZj/evM GKB AvKvii cvbv cwienY Kiv DwPZ|
cwienY Kivi AvM Kwkwbs Ki wbZ ne|
`yej cvbv cwienY Kiv hve bv|
bjKzci cvwb evM/ cvwZj/ Wvg mivmwi `qv DwPZ

bq|
cqvRb nj fvj cvwb w`q evMi ev cwienY cvi cvwb

e`jvbv hZ cvi|
wks I gvi gvQi cvbv Wvg /cvwZj cwienYKvj cUi

w`K _K Nlv Lq Z mw nq| ZvB GjvK evM
cwienY KivB fvj |
jvnvi/cbkxUi Wvgi cwieZ cvwK Wvg cvbv

cwienY KivB fvj|
K: 0.2- 0.3 Mvg Mo IRb 7,000-8,000 wU

K 0.4-0.5 Mvg Mo IRb 5,000-6,000 wU
wks I gvi- 4,000- 6,000 wU
82
cvbv kvab I cwZlaK wPwKrmv t

cvbv wbgic kvab Kiv hvq1. 10 wjUvi cvwbZ 100 Mvg jeb A_ev 1 Pv PvgP
Wvvix cUvk (KMnO4) wgkvZ ne|
cvwb Ges
Ki cwienb 2. AZ:ci evjwZi Dci GKwU Nb Rvj iL Zvi ga
cwZevi 200-300wU cvbv 30 mK Mvmj KivZ
ne |
evM cvbv
GQvovI cvbvK cyKzi Qvovi ci GwUevqvwUK w`q ivM
cwZiva Kiv hvq|
cwigvY (Mvg)

2) AvaywbK cwZ
G cwZZ cwjw_b evM

AwRbmn cvbvK cvKR
Kiv nq|
wbgi wbqg Abymvi cwjw_b

cvKU Ki cwienb Kiv Dg-
66 46 m. wg.
evMi
AvKvi
cvbvi cRvwZ
`~iZ
(NUv)
eqm
(w`b)
K
wks
gvi
15-18
15-18
15-18
20-21
30-40
25-30
KwR/wU
250-300
300-400
300-400
K/wks/gvi
cve`v/jkv
gjv/cywUe&yW
4-6
15-18
4-6
20-25
25-30
-
1.0-1.5 KwR
250-300 Mvg
250-350wU
Lenocide (Zij)
5 wgwj/kZK/2-3 dzU MfxiZv
Oxyseytin 20% (cvDWvi)
10 Mvg cwigvb Jla cwZ 100

KwR Lvevi wgwkq 10 w`b ch
LvIqvZ ne|
Renamycin (cvDWvi)
cwZ 10 KwR Lvevi 1 Pv PvgP

cwigvb Jla Lvevi wgwkq 5-7 w`b
LvIqvZ ne|
Awaekb cwiKbv
w`b t 2
mgq t 12:15-13:15
gqv`Kvj t 60 wgwbU
wkivbvg
t gjv I cyuwUi Pvl eevcbv|
Afx `j
t grm wefvMxq I Abvb ìi KgKZve`|
t AskMnYKvixì QvU gvQ wekl Ki gjv I cyuwUi GKK I iB RvZxq gvQi mv_ wgk Pvl cwZ
mK wkv `qv ne hvZ Zvuiv AwRZ vbi AvjvK mswkì QvU gvQ Pvl welq cqvRbxq
civgk c`vb KiZ cvib|
Dk
G Awaekb kl cwkYv_xMY gjv I cyuwU gvQ Pvli iZ I DchvMxZv mK ejZ cvieb;

iB RvZxq gvQi mv_ wgkPvli cqvRbxqZv evLv KiZ cvieb;
gjv/cyuwUi GKK I iB RvZxq gvQi mv_ wgk Pvl cyKzi wbevPb, cyKzi cZ, cvbv gRy` I
gRy` cieZx eevcbv mK ejZ cvieb;
gvQ AvniY, evRviRvZKiY I gvQi ivM-evjvB mK ejZ cvieb|
gjv I cyuwU gvQi GKK I wgk Pvli jvf-wZi wnmve KiZ cvieb|
welqm~wP
AvjvP welq
cwkY cwZ
fywgKv
mgq
3 wgwbU
^vMZg
c~eeZx Awaekbi mv_ mshvM vcb (cavb wkYxq
welqmg~n)
eZgvb Awaekbi Dci AvjvKcvZ (wkivbvg I Dkmg~n)
DyKiY (Awaekbi iZ)
eZv I
ckvi
welqe
52 wgwbU
iB RvZxq gvQi mv_ gjv-cyuwUi wgk Pvli cqvRbxqZv;

gjv-cyuwUi Pvl eevcbv- GKK Pvl I wgk Pvl
gRy` cieZx eevcbv
Avq-eq wnmve
gvQi ivM-evjvB
eZv I
ckvi
mvi-msc
5 wgwbU
g~j welqi cybivjvPbv (cavb wkbxq welqmg~n)

Dk hvPvB I fyj mskvab
nv AvDU weZiY
abev` vcb
cwkY mnvqK mvgMx t evW gvKvi, wdcPvU, nv AvDU BZvw`|
84
ckvi

Pvli iZ
gjv-cyuwU AZ my^v`y Ges cywmg gvQ| Gme gvQ cPiz cwigvY Avwgl, Kvjwmqvg, Avqib I wfUvwgb
iqQ| gjv-cywu U gvQ wej nvIi-euvIo, b`x, avb Z, cyKzi I Wvevq cvIqv hvq| cvwK grm Pvlxiv cyKziWvev I Abvb Rjvkq mvaviYZt iB RvZxq gvQ Pvl Ki _vKb| Zviv gjv-cyuwU RvZxq QvU gvQK AevwZ
gvQ wnme weePbv Ki _vK| A_P GLb ch MvgxY RbMvxi AwaKvskB cvwYR Avwgli Rb wbfi Ki
Lvj weji gjv-cyuwUmn Abvb QvU gvQi Dci| G KviY cyKiy Wvevq Gme QvU gvQ Pvli D`vM MnY Kiv
cqvRb|
evrmwiK I gmygx Dfq cKvi cyKzi-Rjvkq iB RvZxq gvQi mv_ gjv-cywu U GK Pvl Ki `wi` RbMvx
mnRB A_ I cyw `yBB jvf KiZ cvi| gjv-cywu U eQi 2-3 evi cvKwZKfve wWg `q| G KviY cvbv
Kbvi Rb evowZ cyuwRi ìKvi nq bv| Gme gvQ A mgq AvniY Kiv hvq| h_vh_ chyw eenvii gvag
Pvl Kiv nj cyKyi iB RvZxq gvQi Drcv`b wVK iL gjv-cyuwU gvQi evowZ Drcv`b cvIqv hvq| gjv-cywu U
gvQ wKQyw`b ci ci cyKzi _K ai cwievii cqvRbxq gvQi Pvwn`v c~iY Kiv hvq| Gme gvQ AcvKZ Kg
AwRbhy I Nvjv cvwbZ Pvl Kiv me|
gjv I cywu U gvQ Pvli DchvMxZv
evRvi gjv I cyuwU gvQi Pvwn`v ewk ZvB iB RvZxq gvQi mv_x dmj wnmve Gì Pvl jvfRbK|
gjv I cyuwU gvQ QvU-eo me aiYi cyKyi-Rjvkq Pvl Kiv me|
cyKzi-b`xZ G gvQ eQi `yevi wWg `q ej Gì cvbv gRyì cqvRb nq bv|
15-20 w`b ci ci cyKzi _K gjv gvQ ai cwievii gvQi Pvwn`v cyiY Kiv hvq|
cyuwU gvQi Pvcv UKx Mvgi meii gvbyli wcq Lvevi|
cyKzi iB RvZxq gvQi Drcv`b wVK iLI gjv I cyuwU gvQi evowZ Drcv`b cvIqv me|

gjv I cyuwUi GKK ev wgk Pvl Kiv hvq| wbg GKK I wgk Pvl cwZ eYbv Kiv njv|
1| gjv I cywu Ui GKK Pvl

cyKzi wbevPb
gjv ev cyuwU gvQi GKK Pvli Rb evrmwiK ev gmygx cyKzi wbevPb Kiv hZ cvi |
cyKzii AvqZb 10-15 kZK Ges MfxiZv 1.0-1.5 wgUvi _vKv AvekK|
cyKzi cvo eo MvQcvjv bv _vKv evbxq|
cqvRb cvwb mieivni eev _vKv, GZ cwic gvQi cRbb NUvbv mnRZi nq|
AvqvZvKvi cyKzi hLvb chv m~hvjvK I Aeva evZvm PjvPji eev AvQ|
cyKzi cywZ
evi evi Nb duvmi Rvj Ub ivym gvQ `~i KiZ ne| cyKyi wKqI ivzm gvQ `~i Kiv hvq|
cwZ kZK 1.0-1.5 KwR nvi Pzb cqvM KiZ ne|
cwZ kZK 5-7 KwR nvi Mvei w`Z ne| cvwbi is meyRvf nj cvbv QvoZ ne|
cvbv gRy`
gjv ev cyuwU gvQ AZ bvRyK weavq cwienb wekl mZKZv Aej^b KiZ nq| mKvj ev weKvj Kg Zvcgvvq
gvQ cwienb Kiv fvjv|
eo AvKvii (5-7 mwg.) cwic gjv ev cyuwU gvQ Qo G gvQi GKK Pvl Kiv hZ cvi|
Gwcj-g gvm gjv I cyuwU gvQ wWg Qvo| G mgq cvKwZK Drm hgb- Lvj-wej ev eo cyyKzi nZ gjv-cyuwUi eW
msMn Ki Pvli cyKzi gRy` KiZ ne|
cwZ kZK 400 wU gjv ev cyuwU gvQ gRy` KiZ nq|
m~iK Lv` cqvM cwZ
gvQ Qvovi ciw`b nZ m~iK Lv` cqvM KiZ ne|
gvQi `ni gvU IRbi 5% nvi Pvji Kzov/Mgi f~wl (80%) I mwilvi Lj (20%) Gi wgkY Zwi Ki cyKzi
wQwUq cqvM KiZ ne|
cwZ gvm gvQi bgybvqb Ki Lvì cwigvY wbavib KiZ ne|
mvi cqvM
cyKzi cvKwZK Lv` Drcv`bi Rb 7 w`b Ai cwZ kZK 5-6 KwR Mvei mvi w`j fvj dj cvIqv hvq| cyKzi
Drcv`bkxjZv I FZyf` mvi cqvMi nvi Kg ewk nZ cvi|
gvQ AvniY
gjv/ cyuwU gvQ gRy` Kivi 1-2 gvmi ga (Gwcj-g) cyKzi cvKwZK cRbb Ki _vK| eQi Giv 2 evi wWg `q
(g I Avei)| gvQ gRyì 2 gvm ci Nb duvmi Rvj Ub cvbv aivi eev wbZ ne| cyuwU gvQ aivi Rb SuvwK
Rvj eenvi KiZ ne| gvQ gRyì 2 gvm ci _K cwZ 15 w`b ci ci gvQ AvniY KiZ ne|
Qq gvm ci cyKzii cvwb wKq mg gvQ aiv hZ cvi|
Drcv`b
gjv I cyuwU gvQi 6 gvm Drcv`b h_vg cwZ GKi 1,200-1,500 I 1,500-2,000 KwR|
2| iB RvZxq gvQi mv_ gjv I cywu Ui wgkPvl

cyKzi wbevPb
`vAvuk I GuUj-`vAvuk gvwUi cyKzi wgk Pvli Rb fvj|

wgk Pvli Rb cyKzii AvqZb 20 kZKi eo Ges cvwbi Mo MfxiZv 5-7 dzU _vKv Dg|
cyKiz AvqvZvKvi nj eevcbv mnR nq|
cyKzi ebv gy GjvKvq nZ ne|
cyKzi cwZ
cyKzi cvoi SvcSvo I eo MvQcvjv QU w`Z ne hvZ cyKzi chv m~hi Avjv coZ cvi|
cyKzii Zjvq AwZwi Kv`v (1 dzUi ewk) _vKj Zv DwVq djZ ne|
86
evi evi Nb duvmi Rvj Ub ivym gvQ ai diZ ne|

cwZ kZK 1.0-1.5 KwR nvi cv_yi Pyb cqvM KiZ ne|
cwZ kZK 5-7 KwR Mvei, 200 Mvg BDwiqv I 100 Mvg wUGmwc mvi cqvM KiZ ne|
cvbv gRy`
cyKzi chv cvKwZK Lv` RbQ wKbv Zv wbwZ nq cvbv QvoZ ne|
ekvL gvmi c_g mvn gjv I cyuwU msMn Ki gRy` KiZ ne| hvZ Giv gRy` cyKzi wWg Qo esk ew KiZ
cvi|
mviv eQi cvwb _vK Ggb cyKzi gjv I cyuwU GKevi gRy` KijB Pj| Giv cyKzii wKbvi Nul fvmgvb jZv-cvZvq
wWg Qvo| ZvB cRbbi 20-25 w`b ci cvbvjv SuvK eua fvmZ `Lv hvq, G mgq Rvj Uvbv DwPZ bq| GZ
cvbv gvQi wZi AvksKv _vK|
kZK cwZ cvbvi gRy` NbZ wbic-
gvQi cRvwZ
gWj-1
gWj-2
cvbvi msLv
cvbvi AvKvi (Bw)
cvbvi msLv
cvbvi AvKvi (Bw)
iB
13
4-5
13
4-5
KvZjv
13
4-5
4-5
gMj/KvwcI
14
4-5
13
4-5
wmjfvi Kvc
4-5
Mvm Kvc
4-5
gjv
100
100
cywu U
100
100
megvU
240
240
cvbv AfKiY I gRy`
cvbv cwienbi evM/nvwo c_gB 20-30 wgwbU cvwbZ fvwmq iL Zvcgvvi mgZv AvbZ ne|
Zvcgvv mgvb bv nIqv ch cvi wKQy cvwb cyKzi Ges cyKzii wKQy cvwb cv w`Z ne|
Dfq cvwbi Zvcgvv mgvb nj cvi gyL cvwbZ KvZ Ki Wyweq cvwbi mvZ w`j cvbv `j eua mvZi wecixZ
w`K ewiq hve|
AwZwi cvbv gRyì Kzdj
gvQi Lv`, AwRb I Avevmji NvUwZ nq|

gvQi ew Avkvbyic nq bv|
gvQ wewfb ivM-evjvBq Avv nq|
gvQK mKvj Lvwe LZ `Lv hvq Ges AbK mgq gvQ gviv hvq|
Acywi KviY gvQi gv_v gvUv I kixi wPKb nZ `Lv hvq|
mvi I Lvevi eenvi Kivi ciI Avkvbyic djb cvIqv hvq bv|
gRy` cieZx eevcbv

Lv` cqvM
cwZw`b cyKzi gvQK evBi _K Lvevi `qv cqvRb|

gvQ Qvovi cii w`b nZ iB RvZxq gvQi IRbi 3-4% wnmve Pvji Kuzov/Mgi f~wl I mwilvi Lj 2t1
AbycvZ wgwkq cyKzi w`Z ne| gjv I cyuwUi Rb evowZ Lvevi `qvi cqvRb bB|
Mvm Kvci Rb KjvcvZv ev big Nvm w`Z ne|
mvi cqvM
cyKzi gvQi cvKwZK Lv` (cvUb) Rbvbvi Rb wbqwgZ mvi cqvM Kiv AvekK|
cvbv gRyì ci nZ cvwbi is cheY Ki 7-10 w`b ci ci cwZ kZK 4-5 KwR Mvei mvi, 100 Mvg
BDwiqv I 100 Mvg wUGmwc cqvM KiZ ne|
cvKwZK Lvì cwigvYi Ici wfw Ki mvii cwigvY Kg-ewk Kiv hve|
gvQ AvniY I weq
gjv I cyuwU gvQ eQi 2-3 evi wWg `q| ZvB wWg Qvovi 10-15 w`b Ai gjv gvQi AvswkK AvniY Riix|
AvswkK AvniY bv Kij gvQi NbZ eo hvq I Lvì Afve `Lv w`Z cvi|
cvbv gRyì 6-7 gvm ci iB RvZxq gvQi Drcv`b ev evRvi ì `L AvswkK AvniY Ki evRviRvZ Kiv hZ cvi|
AvswkK AvniY Kiv cyKzi kZKiv 20 fvMi AwaK nvi eo AvKvii cvbv gRy` KiZ ne|
Kvci mv_ gjv I cyuwUi Pvl Ki Pvwl `bw`b Pvwn`v wgwUqI evowZ Avqi msvb KiZ cvi|
G cwZZ 6-7 gvm cwZ kZK 15-20 KwR gjv-cyuwU gvQi Drcv`b cvIqv hZ cvi|
Avq-eq
mviwYt GKK Pvl cwZZ 6 gvm 20 kZKi cyKzi gjv-cyuwU Pvli Avq I eqi wnmve|
LvZ
gjv
cyuwU
cwigvY
g~j (UvKv)
cwigvY
g~j (UvKv)
20 KwR
160 KwR
8,000 wU
300
300
80
4,000
20 KwR
160 KwR
8,000 wU
300
300
80
4,000
225 KwR
75 KwR
2,700
1,500
340 KwR
110 KwR
4,080
2,200
160 KwR
-
80
500
9,460
160 KwR
-
80
500
11,540
120 KwR
14,400
160 KwR
16,000
eq
cyKzi msvi gRyix
Pyb
Mvei
gvQi cvbv
Lv`
Pvji Kzov
mwilvi Lj
Mvei
wewea
megvU eq
Avq
gjv 120 KwR
cyuwU 160 KwR (@ 100 UvKv)
cKZ gybvdv
4,940
88
4,460
mviwYt wgk Pvl GK GKi cyKzi 8-9 gvm iB RvZxq gvQi mv_ gjv I cyuwU Pvl Avq-eqi wnmve|
LvZ
cwigvY
eq
BRviv g~j
cyKzi msvi gRyix
Pzb
Mvei
gvQi cvbv
Lv`
Pvji Kzov
mwilvi Lj
mvi
BDwiqv
wUGmwc
Mvei
wewea
megvU eq
Avq
gvQ weq:
iBRvZxq gvQ- 1600 KwR (@ 80 UvKv)
gjv I cyuwU- 800 KwR (@ 100 UvKv)
cKZ gybvdv
wgkPvl
g~j (UvKv)
100 KwR
800 KwR
24,000 wU
20,000
2,000
1,500
400
18,000
4,500 KwR
1,100 KwR
54,000
22,000
160 KwR
80 KwR
6,400 KwR
1,280
3600
3200
2,000
1,27,980
2,08,000
80,020
gvQi ivM-evjvB I Zvi cwZKvi

Abvb Rxei bvq QvU gvQI wewfb ivM Avv nq _vK| cyKyii gvQ mvaviYZt evKUwiqv, QvK, ciRxwe BZvw`
RxevYy viv Avv nq| GQvov Acyw I Lvì Afve, AwRbi Afve, A^vKi cwiek BZvw` bvbvwea KviY gvQi
ivM nq| gvQi ivMi wPwKrmvi Pq cwZivaB Dg cv| cwZivag~jK eev wnmve cyKzi cwZ mwVKeve
KiZ ne| Ab cyKzi eeZ Rvj kvab eZxZ cyKz i eenvi Kiv DwPZ bq| ZvQvov kxZi iZ (fv`-Avwkb)
cyKzii cwZ kZK RjvqZb 250 Mvg Pzb I 250 Mvg jeY cwZ mvn GKevi Ki 4-6 mvn cqvM Kij gvQ ivM
Avv nIqvi mvebv _vK bv|
wdc PvU cwiKbv

iB RvZxq gvQi mv_ gjv-cyuwUi wgkPvli
cqvRbxqZv
gjv-cyuwU Pvli DchvMxZv
wfUvwgb-G Gi Afve 30 nvRvi wk ivZKvbv ivM

Avv;
gjv-cyuwU gvQi KvUv I gv_vi Ask Ges
gvsmckxZ Kvjwmqvg, dmdivm I wRsK _vK hv
wki nvo MVb cqvRbxq;
gjv gvQi Kvwmqvg `yai Kvjwmqvgi mv_ Zzjbxq
gjv-cyuwUi Pvl eevcbv
gjv-cyuwUi Pvwn`v ekx ZvB iB RvZxq gvQi mv_ gjv-cyuwUi GKK Pvl
Gì Pvl jvfRbK|
cyKzi wbevPb
`kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQ LZ G `ki gvbyl cyKiz cwZ
Af|
gjv-cyuwU QvU-eo me aibi cyKziB Pvl Kiv me| cvbv gRy`- cwZ kZK 400 wU gjv/cyuwU|
cyKzi WvevZ Kgc `yevi wWg `q ej cwZ m~iK Lv` cqvM cwZ- `ni IRbi 5%
nvi Kzov/fywm 80% I mwilvi Lj 20%
eQi Gì cvbv gRyì cqvRb nq bv|
15-20 w`b ci ci cyKzi _K gjv gvQ ai mvi cqvM- cwZ kZK 5-6 KwR Mvei
cwievii gvQi Pvwn`v cyiY Kiv mnR|
gvQ AvniY- gRyì 2 gvm ci nZ cwZ 15 w`b
cyuwUi Pvcv UKx Mvgi meii gvbyli wcq
Ai gvQ AvniY
Lvevi|
Drcv`b- cwZ GKi gjv-1,200-1,500 KwR
cyKzi iB RvZxq gvQi Drcv`b wVK iLI gjvcyuwU- 1,500-2,000 KwR
cyuwUi evowZ Drcv`b cvIqv me|
iB RvZxq gvQi mv_ gjv-cyuwUi wgkPvl
gRy` cieZx eevcbv

Lv` cqvM- iB RvZxq gvQi `ni IRbi 4 fvM
nvi Pvji Kzov/f~wl I mwilvi Lj 2t1 AbycvZ,
gjv-cyuwUi Rb evowZ Lvì cqvRb bvB|
cyKzi wbevPb
cyKzi cwZ
cvbv gRy`
mvi cqvM- 7-10 w`b ci ci cwZ kZK 4-5 KwR

Mvei, 100 Mvg BDwiqv I 100 Mvg wUGmwc|
cwZ kZK cvbv gRyì cwigvY

gvQi cRvwZ
iB
KvZjv
gMj/KvwcI
wmjfvi Kvc
Mvm Kvc
iB RvZxqgvQ
gjv
cyuwU
gvU gjv I cyuwU
megvU
gWj-1
cvbvi
cvbvi
AvKvi
msLv
(Bw)
13
4-5
13
4-5
14
4-5
40
100
100
200
240
gWj-2
cvbvi
cvbvi
AvKvi
msLv
(Bw)
13
4-5
6
4-5
13
4-5
6
4-5
2
4-5
40
4-5
100
100
200
240
gvQ AvniY I weq- gRyì 6-7 gvm ci iB

RvZxq gvQi AvswkK AvniY; gRyì 2 gvm ci
nZ cwZ 15 w`b Ai gjv-cyuwU AvniY|
Drcv`b- G cwZZ 6-7 gvm cwZ kZK 15-20
KwR gjv-cyuwU|
90
GKK Pvl cwZZ gjv-cyuwU Pvli Avq-eqi wnmve

gjv
LvZ
cwigvY
LvZ
cyuwU
g~j
(UvKv)
cwigvb
g~j (UvKv)
300
Pyb
20 KwR
Mvei
300
20 KwR
wgkPvl
cwigvb
g~j (UvKv)
eq
BRviv g~j
20,000
300
cyKiz msvi
2,000
300
Pzb
100 KwR
1,500
eq
cyKzi msvi
wgkPvl gjv-cyuwUi Avq-eq wnmve
160 KwR
80
160 KwR
80
Mvei
800 KwR
400
gvQi cvbv 8,000 wU
4,000
8,000 wU
4,000
gvQi cvbv
24,000 wU
18,000
Lv`
Pvji Kzov 225 KwR
mwilvi Lj 75 KwR
2,700
1,500
340 KwR
110 KwR
4,080
2,200
80
160 KwR
80
Lv`
Pvji Kzov
mwilvi Lj
4,500 KwR
1,100 KwR
54,000
22,000
500
500
mvi
BDwiqv
wUGmwc
Mvei
160 KwR
80 KwR
6,400 KwR
1,280
3,600
3,200
Mvei
160 KwR
wewea
megvU eq
Avq
cKZ gybvdv
9,460
120 KwR
14,400
4,940
11,540
160 KwR
16,000
4,460
wewea
2,000
megvU eq
Avq
cKZ gybvdv
1,27,980
2,400
2,08,000
80,020
Awaekb cwiKbv
w`b t 2
mgq t 13:15-14:00
gqv`Kvj t 45 wgwbU
wkivbvg
t iBRvZxq gvQi mv_ evUv gvQi wgkPvl
Afx `j
j

t cwkYv_xì evUv gvQi cwiwPZ, Pvli myweav, Pvl cwZ BZvw` mK wevwiZ aviYv `qv ne
hvZ Zviv AwRZ vb KvR jvwMq iB RvZxq gvQi mv_ evUv gvQ Pvl eevcbvq AvMnx Pvwlì
cqvRbxq mnvqZv c`vb KiZ cvib|
t G Awaekb kl cwkYv_xMY evUv gvQ I Gi Pvli myweav mK ejZ cvieb|
iBRvZxq gvQi mv_ evUv gvQ Pvl cwZ eYbv KiZ cvieb|
Pvl cwZZ mvi I myiK Lv` cqvM nvZ-Kjg wkv `vb KiZ cvieb|
cyKzi _K gvQ AvniY mK ejZ cvieb|
evUv gvQ Pvl cqvRbxq mZKZv mK ejZ cvieb|
Dk
welqm~wP
AvjvP welq
Kkj
f~wgKv
mgq
4 wgwbU
^vMZ
c~eeZx Awaekbi mv_ mshvMvcb
eZgvb Awaekbi Ici AvjvKcvZ
Dk evLvKiY
DyKiY
eZv
welqe
35 wgwbU
evUv gvQ cwiwPwZ

Pvli myweav
- evUv gvQi evRvi g~j AbK ekx|
- iB RvZxq gvQi Zzjbvq evUv QvU Aevq h Kvb mgq evRviRvZ
Kiv hvq|
- cbvw`Z cRbbi gvag Drcvw`Z cvbv mviv eQi cvIqv hvq|
- G gvQi ckx Pwehy I my^v`y|
- eQi `yBwU dmj Drcv`b Kiv hvq|
Pvl cwZ
- cyKzi cwZ
- cvbv gRy`
- gRy` cieZx cwiPhv
- myiK Lv` mieivn
mZKZv
AvniY
mve Avq-eqi wnmve
eZv
I
ckvi
mvi-msc
6 wgwbU
1| g~j welqmg~n msc cybivjvPbv
2| ckvii gvag Dk hvPvB
3| cieZx Awaekbi mv_ mshvM vcb
ckvi
cwkY mnvqK mvgMx t gvKvi, wdc PvU, nv AvDU, BZvw`
92
iB RvZxq gvQi mv_ evUv gvQi wgkPvl

evsjv`ki QvU gvQjvi ga evUv AbZg| icvwj Avuki G gvQi `n j^v I mi, wcVi w`KUv mvgvb KvjP
isqi nq| evUv Rjvkqi wbPi i evm Ki Ges Zj`ki cPv Dw`, cvwYKYv, kIjv, eb_vm BZvw` Lvq| evUv
gvQi wWg aviY gZv AbK ewk, Ze Giv e Rjvkq wWg `q bv| eZgvb Kvc nvPvwiZ Kwg cRbbi gvag
evwYwRKfve evUvi cvbv Drcv`b Kiv nQ|
Pvli myweav/iZ
evUv Abvb iBRvZxq gvQi mv_ GK Pvl Kiv hvq|

QvU-eo me aiYi RjvkqB evUv gvQ Pvl Kiv hvq|
evRvi g~j AbK ewk Ges iB RvZxq Abvb gvQi Zzjbvq evUv QvU Aevq h Kvb mgq evRviRvZ Kiv hvq|
cbvw`Z cRbbi gvag Drcvw`Z cvbv mviv eQi cvIqv hvq|
G gvQi ckx Pwehy I my^v`y|
eQi `ywU dmj Drcv`b Kiv hvq|
Pvl cwZ
cyKzi cwZ
Kbv gmyg cyKzi _K RjR AvMvQv cwivi I cvo givgZ KiZ ne|
QvU gvQ Pvli cyKzi Kvbv DwPZ bq| ZvB evi evi Nb duvmi Rvj Ub ivzm gvQ I wZKi cvYx
AcmviY KiZ ne|
cwZ kZK 1-2 KwR cv_yi Pzb cqvM KiZ ne| gvwUi YvYi Ici wfw Ki Pzbi gvv
Kg-ewk nZ cvi|
cyKz i chv cwigvb cvKwZK Lv` Rbvbvi Rb cvbv Qvovi c~e mvi cqvM KiZ ne| cwZ kZK 4-6 KwR
Mvei, 100 Mvg BDwiqv I 100 Mvg wUGmwc cqvM Kiv fvj|
cvwbi is meyR/ev`vgx-meyR nj cyKzi cvbv Qvovi Dchy nq|
cvbv gRy`
cyKzi gvQ Pvli mdjZv wbfi Ki fvjv RvZi my, mej I mwVK cRvwZi cvbv mwVK msLvq gRyì Ici| cyKzi
cvbv Qvovi AvM 10 wjUvi cvwb I 1 PvgP (5 Mvg) cUvwmqvg cvigvsMvbU èY A_ev 100 Mvg jeY èY cvbv
MvQj Kwiq RxevYygy KiZ ne| wgk Pvli cyKzi cwZ kZK cvbv gRyì nvi wbict
cRvwZ
msLv
AvKvi (mwg.)
wmjfvi Kvc
12
10-15
iB
10-15
MvmKvc
10-15
evUv
50
5-7
gvU
70
gRy` cieZx cwiPhv
cyKzi chv cwigvb cvKwZK Lv` Drcv`bi Rb `wbK ev 7 w`b ci ci wbqwgZ mvi cqvM KiZ nq|
mvaviY wbqg Abymvi `wbK cwZ kZK 150 Mvg Mvei A_ev 300 Mvg Kv, 5 Mvg BDwiqv I 5 Mvg wUGmwc
GKwU cv cvwbi mv_ 1 w`b wfwRq iL ciw`b mKvj 10/11 Uvq mviv cyKzi mgvbfve wQwUq w`Z ne|
Re I ivmvqwbK mvi wgwkq cwigvYgZ I wbqwgZ eenvi Kij ewk Drcv`b cvIqv hvq|
myiK Lv` mieivn
Kvc-evUv wgk Pvl myiK Lvevi wnmve 1 t 2 AbycvZ mwilvi Lj I Mgi fywm ev Pvji wgwn Kzuov eenvi Kiv
hvq|
10-12 NUv wfRvbv mwilvi Lji mv_ Kbv Mgi fywm ev Pvji wgwn Kzuov wgwkq MvjvKvi ej Zwi KiZ
ne|
cyKzi cvbv gRyì c_g `ygvm gRy`KZ gvQi gvU IRbi kZKvi 5 fvM wnmve `wbK Lvevi w`Z ne|
`ygvm ci nZ gvQi IRbi kZKiv 3 fvM wnmve Lvevi w`jB Pje|
kxZKvj Lvevii cwigvY kZKiv 1-2 fvM wnmve mieivn KiZ ne|
wnmveKZ gvU Lvevi w`b 2 evi cqvM Kiv fvj|
gvQi gvwmK bgybvqbi gvag Lvevii cwigvY wbaviY KiZ ne|
mZKZv
cyKzii Zj`k Kv`v _vKj wZKi Mvm Rg _vKZ cvi| `woi mv_ jvnv ev gvwUi KvwV wKsev BU eua niiv
Zwi Ki cyKzii Zj Nl Av Av Ub Zjvi Mvm ei Ki w`Z ne|
cwZ gvm GKevi wKQy gvQ ai gvQi ^v cixv KiZ ne|
AvniY:
Pvwli cqvRb gvwdK gvQi AvKvi, evRvi ì I Pvwn`v Abyhvqx cyKzi nZ gvQ AvniY Kiv cqvRb| AvniYi c~e
cqvRbxq mivgvw` (Rvj, cwigvcK h, Szuwo, eid BZvw`) I cwienb eev wbwZ KiZ ne| AvniY `yfve Kiv
hvq-
AvswkK AvniY: cyKz i gRy`KZ cvbv 5-6 gvm cwZcvjbi ci evRviRvZKiYi Dchy eo gvQjv ai djZ
ne| h KqwU gvQ wew ev aiv ne, GKB RvZi mgmsLK eo AvKvii cvbv Avevi cyKzi QvoZ ne| GZ GKB
cyKzi _K ewk cwigvY Drcv`b cvIqv hvq|
Pzov AvniY: evRvi ì Ges cieZx dmji Rb cvbv cvwi Ici wbfi Ki Pzov AvniYi mgqKvj wVK KiZ
ne| gvQ AvniYi ci cyKzi cZ Ki cybivq gvQ Pvli D`vM wbZ ne|
Avq-eqi wnmve
GKwU 30 kZK AvqZbi cyKzi 6 gvm Kvc-evUv wgk Pvli Avq-eq I Drcv`bi wnmve wbP `Lvbv njv|
94
eq:
eqi weeiY
cyKzi givgZ/msvi
Pzb
BDwiqv
wUGmwc
Mvei
cvbv
Pvji wgwn Kzov
mwilvi Lj
gvQ aiv I Abvb
msLv/cwigvb
30 KwR
30 KwR
30 KwR
750 KwR
1,800 wU
1,000 KwR
600 KwR
gvU eq
Drcv`b I gybvdv
iB RvZxq I evUv gvQ Drcv`b = 750 KwR
Mo g~j cwZ KwR 60.00 UvKv wnme Avq = 45,000.00 UvKv
gybvdv = (Avq - eq) = (45,000.00-29,780.00) = 15,220.00 UvKv|
g~j (UvKv)
1000.00
450.00
180.00
600.00
750.00
1,800.00
10,000.00
12,000.00
3,000.00
29,780.00
wdc PvU cwiKbv

Pvli myweav/iZ
2) evUv Abvb iB RvZxq gvQi mv_ Pvl Kiv hvq|
3) QvU-eo me aibi RjvkqB gvQ Pvl Kiv hvq|
4) evRvi g~j ekx I iB RvZxq Abvb gvQi Zzjbvq QvU
Aevq h Kvb mgq evRviRvZ Kiv hvq|
iBRvZxq gvQi mv_

evUv gvQi wgkPvl
5) cYvw`Z cRbbi gvag Drcvw`Z cvbv mviv eQi cvIqv

hvq|
6) G gvQi ckx Pwehy I my^v`y|
7) eQi `ywU dmj Drcv`b Kiv hvq|

cvbv gRy`
cyKzi cwZ
RjR AvMvQv cwivi I cvo givgZ|
fvjv RvZi my I mej cvbv gRy` KiZ ne|
Nb duvmi Rvj evi evi Ub ivzm gvQ I wZKi

cvYx AcmviY KiZ ne|
cyKzi cvbv Qvovi AvM RxevYygy Ki wbZ ne|

wb AbycvZ cvbv gRy` Kiv fvjv
cwZ kZK 1-2 KwR cv_yi Pzb cqvM |
cRvwZ
chv cwigvb cvKwZK Lv` Rbvbvi Rb cvbv Qvovi

c~e cwZ kZK 4-6 KwR Mvei, 100 Mvg BDwiqv I
100 Mvg wUGmwc cqvM Kiv fvj|
cvwbi is meyR/ev`vgx-meyR nj cyKzi cvbv Qvovi
Dchy nq|
msLv
AvKvi (mwg)
wmjfvi Kvc
12
10-15
iB
10-15
MvmKvc
10-15
evUv
50
5-7
gvU
70
myiK Lv` mieivn
gRy` cieZx cwiPhv

cyKzi chv cwigvb cvKwZK Lv` Rbvbvi Rb `wbK
ev 7 w`b ci ci mvi cqvM KiZ nq|
1t2 AbycvZ mwilvi Lj I Mgi fywm ev Pvji wgwn

Kuyov eenvi KiZ ne|
cvbv gRyì c_g 2 gvm gvQi `n IRbi kZKiv

5 fvM wnmve `wbK Lvevi w`Z ne|
2 gvm ci nZ `n IRbi 2% w`jB ne|
`wbK wnmve cwZ kZK 150 Mvg Mvei, 5 Mvg

BDwiqv I 5 Mvg wUGmwc 1 w`b wfwRq iL ciw`b
cqvM KiZ nq||
mZKZv
Avq-eqi wnmve
`woi mv_ jvnv ev gvwUi KvwV wKsev BU eua ni&iv 30 kZK cyKzi 6 gvm Kvc-evUv wgk Pvli Avq-eq
Zix Ki cyKzii Zj Nl Av Av Ub Zjvi
eqi weeiY
msLv/cwigvb g~j (UvKv)
Mvm ei Ki w`Z ne|
cwZ gvm GKevi wKQy gvQ ai gvQi ^v cixv
KiZ ne|
96
cyKzi givgZ/msvi
Pzb
30 KwR
1,000.00
450.00
AvniY
AvswkK AvniY
5-6 gvm cwZcvjbi ci evRviRvZKiYi Dchy eo
gvQjv ai djZ ne|
AvniYKZ gvQi mgcwigvb gvQi cvbv cybvivq gRy`
KiZ ne|
Pzov AvniY:
evRvi ì Ges cieZx dmji Rb cvbv cvwi Ici
wbfi Ki Pzov AvniYi mgqKvj wVK Ki cyKzii
mg gvQ ai djZ ne|
BDwiqv
30 KwR
180.00
wUGmwc
30 KwR
600.00
Mvei
750 KwR
750.00
cvbv
1,800 wU
1,800.00
Pvji wgwn Kzov

mwilvi Lj
1,000 KwR 10,000.00

600 KwR 12,000.00
gvQ aiv I Abvb

gvU eq
3,000.00
29,780.00
Drcv`b I gybvdv:
iB RvZxq I evUv gvQ Drcv`b = 750 KwR
cwZ KwR 60.00 UvKv wnme Avq = UvKv 45,000.00
gybvdv = (Avq-eq) = UvKv (45,000.00-29,780.00)
= UvKv 15,220.00
mvKvjxb KvR
(QvU `jxq Abykxjbx)
QvU gvQ msiY Afqvkg vcb I iYveY wmwbqi/DcRjv grm KgKZv I

mydjfvMxì `vwqZ I KZe
G Abykxjbxi Dk nQ AskMnYKvixMY Afqvkg vcb I msiYi Rb grm Awaìi KgKZv I mydjfvMxì
KiYxq welq wPwZ Kivi aviYv cveb|
KvRi aviv
1| AskMnYKvixì PviwU QvU `j wef Kieb| QvU `j AvjvPbv Ki wbR wbR GjvKvi QvU gvQi Afqvkg
vcbi Rb vb wbevPbi weeP welqi ZvwjKv Zix Kieb|
2| cwkYv_xMY Afqvkg vcb I iYveY grm Awaìi KgKZvì I mydjfvMxì KiYxq KvRi ZvwjKv
cZ Kieb|
3| ciw`b `jMZ Dcvcbvi Rb mbvKZ `vwqZ I KZewji wdcPvU Zix Kieb|
98

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Small Fish

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cwkY gwWDj \ `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQ Pvl eevcbv I msiY 1

2 grm Awa`i, evsjv`k

`kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQPvl eevcbv I msiY

Rzb, 2009 wL.

Strengthening Institutional Capacity of DoF Project

cwkY gwWDj \ `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQ Pvl eevcbv I msiY 3

`kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQPvl eevcbv I msiY

gvt Ave`yj LvjK

bvwmiDwb gvt gvq~b

KwDUvi KvR t gvt Bw`m Avjx cavb

gy`Y t wjLb wcUvm, 20/G, vev`, XvKv|

4 grm Awa`i, evsjv`k

(gvt iwdKyj Bmjvg)

cwkY gwWDj \ `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQ Pvl eevcbv I msiY 5

QvU gvQi cRbb I cvbv Drcv`b Kkj

K, wks I gvi gvQi Pvl eevcbv (mkb-1)

6 grm Awa`i, evsjv`k

cwkY gwWDj \ `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQ Pvl eevcbv I msiY 7

mgq t 08:00- 09:00

wkivbvg t wbeb I Kvm Dvab

cwkY AvbyvwbKfve Dvab

cwkK KZK AvgwZ AwZw_ I cwkYv_x`i

cwkY mnvqK mvgMx t evbvi, wbeb dig, cwkY mvgMx, BZvw`

8 grm Awa`i, evsjv`k

`kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQ Pvl eevcbv I msiY Kvm

`kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQ Pvl eevcbv I msiY Kvm

L. cwkYv_xMY c~iY Kieb

cwkY gwWDj \ `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQ Pvl eevcbv I msiY 9

`kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQ Pvl eevcbv I msiY Kvm

cwkKi bvg I ^vi : 1.

MYcRvZx evsjv`k miKvi

cwkY gqv` t 5 w`b

QvU gvQi cvbv

mgvcbx Abyvb I mb`c weZiY

cwkY gwWDj \ `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQ Pvl eevcbv I msiY 11

mgq t 09:00- 10:00

wkivbvg t cvK g~jvqb, Kvm cwiwPwZ, cwkY cZvkv I bxwZgvjv

t G Awaekb AskMnYKvixMY GK AciK fvjfve RvbZ I eySZ cvie|

cwkY c~e g~jvqY

12 grm Awa`i, evsjv`k

`kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQi Pvl eevcbv I msiY

cwkY gwWDj \ `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQ Pvl eevcbv I msiY 13

08| Myjkv gvQi evwbK bvg KvbwU ?

14 grm Awa`i, evsjv`k

17| Kvb DcvqwU gvQ Pywi iva mnvqK ?

cwkY gwWDj \ `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQ Pvl eevcbv I msiY 15

Kvhg _K ewMZfve Avwg Kx

hv wkLjvg Kxfve Zv KvR cqvM

1. fwelZ cqvRbxq Z_ cvIqvi

mg wkYxq welqjv Avwg G

1. wKfve Pvwliv Kvb Z_ MnY

gvV Pvwl`i mv_ KvR Kivi mgq

16 grm Awa`i, evsjv`k

MvwdwU evW (Graffiti Board)

cwkY gwWDj \ `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQ Pvl eevcbv I msiY 17

18 grm Awa`i, evsjv`k

mvKvjxb KvRi Dcvcb

c~ew`b c` mvKvjxb Abykxjbx mwVKfve Rb wbb|

Kxfve Dcvcb Kieb Zv wbaviY Kib|

K Dcvcb Kieb Zv wbaviY Kib|

wbw` mgqi ga Dcvcb, AvjvPbv I ck-Di ce kl Kib|

cwkY gwWDj \ `kxq cRvwZi QvU gvQ Pvl eevcbv I msiY 19

20 grm Awa`i, evsjv`k