Damping and resonance (causes and effects)

Decrease in amplitude of an oscillating system when energy is drained out as heat energy.
Amplitude decrease gradually decrease and become zero when the oscillation stops.

Types of damping.
A) External damping Loss of energy to overcome frictional force or air resistance.
B) Internal damping loss of energy due to extension and compression of molecules in the system.

Causes :
A) Amplitude and energy decrease
B) Frequency constant

RESONANCE
I)
II)

A system is forced to oscillated at a frequency equivalent to its natural frequency.

The system will have maximum amplitude.

Effects of resonance.
A) The tuner in radio and television enables us to select the programmes.
B) Can cause damages as the amplitude of the vibration increases. Tacoma Narrow Bridge incident in 1949.