Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Microbiology
HARIHAR K.KAUSADIKAR
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF SSAC,PARBHANI, MAHARASHTRA
Definition:
Soil:
Components of Soil:
Soil Humus
Humus is the organic residue in the soil resulting from
decomposition of plant and animal residues in soil, or it is the
highly complex organic residual matter in soil which is not readily
degraded by microorganism, or it is the soft brown/dark coloured
amorphous substance composed of residual organic matter along
with dead microorganisms.
Composition of Humus:
Functions/Role of Humus:
The most common method used for isolation of soil bacteria is the
"dilution plate count" method which allows the enumeration of
only viable/living cells in the soil. The size of soil bacteria varies
from 0.5 to 1.0 micron in diameter and 1.0 to 10.0 microns in
length. They are motile with locomotory organs flagella.
Bacterial population is one-half of the total microbial biomass in
the soil ranging from 1,00000 to several hundred millions per
gram of soil, depending upon the physical, chemical and
biological conditions of the soil.
2. Add organic matter to soil when die and thus increase the
amount of organic carbon in soil.
1. Rhizopoda (Sarcondia)
2. Mastigophora
3. Ciliophora (Ciliata)
4. Sporophora (not common Inhabitants of soil)
Protozoa are abundant in the upper layer (15 cm) of soil. Organic
manures protozoa. Soil moisture, aeration, temperature and PH
are the important factors affecting soil protozoa.