Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
RETELE TERMICE
PROIECT
Student:
Anul V, seral Grupa 1
Consumatori rezidentiali
. Racordarea directa cu amestec prin pompa
T1/t2=150/75
t1/t2=95/75
t1 =
t2 =
t i 0.5t n
n
n
n
t i 0.5t n
n
n
n
1
1 m
1
1 m
T1 = t1 + u ( t1 t2 )
tn = ( t1 t2 )n = 95 75 = 20 C
tn = 20 C
n= ti tec
te = temperatura exterioara
te = [+ 10 C, tec]
= ti te
n =
t1 t 2
ti .
2
n
u = coeficient de amestec,
T t
u = 1 1 =2.75
t1 t 2 n
ti
0
/n
(/n)
1/(1+m)
n*(/n)1/
(1+m)
t1
t2
[ C]
[-]
[-]
[-]
-21
1
0.9756097
56
0.8536585
37
0.7317073
17
0.6097560
98
0.4878048
78
0.3658536
59
1.00
65.00
0.98
63.80
0.89
57.71
0.79
51.39
0.69
44.81
0.58
37.89
0.47
30.52
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
[ C]
95.0
00
93.5
60
86.2
46
78.7
11
70.9
08
62.7
67
54.1
78
[ C]
75.0
00
74.0
48
69.1
73
64.0
77
58.7
13
53.0
11
46.8
61
T1
[0C]
150.0
00
147.2
19
133.1
97
118.9
55
104.4
44
89.59
6
74.30
0
10
0.2439024
39
0.35
22.50
44.9
39
40.0
61
58.35
3
Consumatori industriali
Racordare directa simpla
T1/T2=150/70
tec = 21C
T1 =
t i 0.5Tn
n
n
n
T2 =
t i 0.5Tn
n
n
n
1
1 m
1
1 m
n= ti tec
te = temperatura exterioara
te = [+ 10 C, tec]
= ti te=36C
n =
T1 T2
ti
2
=95 C
n
n*(/n)1/
(1+m)
T1
T2
[-]
[-]
1.000
1.000
95.00
-20
0.972
0.978
92.88
-15
0.833
0.864
82.11
-10
0.694
0.747
70.96
-5
0.556
0.625
59.36
0.417
0.496
47.16
0.278
0.359
34.09
10
0.139
0.206
19.58
[0C]
150.0
00
146.7
72
130.4
40
113.7
41
96.58
4
78.82
5
60.20
5
40.13
8
[0C]
70.00
0
68.99
4
63.77
3
58.18
5
52.13
9
45.49
1
37.98
3
29.02
6
ti
/n
[0C]
[-]
-21
(/n)
1/(1+m)
T T2 x
t i = k '*S * 1u
ti
2
2
Q= k * S *
ti=15C
T2x=T2i-(T1u-T1i)
Q=G*c*( T1i-T2i)=G*c*(T1u-T2x)
T1i T2i
G'
=
T1u T2 x
G
te
T2x
G'/G
10
10.811
0.2337
23.889
0.4408
34.720
0.6074
-5
44.279
0.7387
-10
52.972
0.842
-15
61.016
0.9236
-20
68.547
0.9886
-21
70.00
1.000
Temperatu
Temperaturi
Temperaturi corespunzatoare
ri nominale
corespunzatoare
punctului de frangere
de lunga durata
T1 = 65
t1 = 48.8
t2 = 42.9
T1 = 98.5
t1 = 67.65
t2 = 56.43
T1n = 150
t1n = 95
t2n = 75
Nr.apartamente=
Splan * Nr.nivele
60m 2
Supra
f
nivel
niv
ele
Total
supraf
Nr
bloc
Nramcbloc
Nrtotal amcbloc
Qibloc
Qaccbloc
Qi
Qacc
Qtotal
mp
bu
c
mp
buc
buc
buc
MW
MW
MW
MW
MW
AP+8
2
0
12
240
2160
36
288
0.18
0.02
1.44
0.23
1.67
BP+4
2
5
20
500
2500
10
41.66
416.6
0.20
0.03
2.08
0.33
2.41
CP+1
0
2
0
55
110
0
11
1210
0
201.66
1613.2
1.00
0.16
8.06
1.29
9.35
=
11.5
8
=
1.85
=
13.4
4
Tip
bloc
=
2317.8
Ansambl
ul
Suprafata
ansamblu
Qi
mp
MW
M1
89157
11.57
M2
90949
11.82
M3
92759
12.05
M4
94586
12.29
M5
89157
11.57
M6
90949
11.82
M7
92759
12.05
M8
94586
12.29
M9
94586
12.29
Qacc
Qtotal
MW
13.44
1
13.71
4
13.97
9
14.25
4
13.44
1
13.71
4
13.97
9
14.25
4
14.25
4
125.0
3
TOTAL REZIDENTIAL
107.7
5
MW
1.85
4
1.89
1
1.92
9
1.96
7
1.85
4
1.89
1
1.92
9
1.96
7
1.96
7
17.2
4
I1
21.2
1.27
22.47
I2
42.4
2.54
44.94
I3
27.4
1.64
29.04
TOTAL INDUSTRIAL
91
5.46
96.46
Ga.c.c= debitul de agent termic pentru prepararea apei calde de consum menajer
Qincalzire
Gincalzire=
c * T1 t 2 n
2 P .T
Ga.c.c
Q a .c .c
=
c * T1 "t 2 "
med
Qa.c.c
(2)P.T
Q
* (t a.c. t int )
= a .c .c
(t a.c. t a.r . )
ta.c.=55C
ta.r.= 5 C
tinterm = 38 C
t2= 55 C
T1= 85 C
Qacc
QaccII PT
Gi PT
MW
MW
MW
t/h
t/h
t/h
PT1
0.40
0.06
0.0204
6.253
0.584
6.837
PT2
0.40
0.06
0.0204
6.253
0.584
6.837
PT3
0.54
0.06
0.0204
8.441
0.584
9.025
PT4
0.36
0.04
0.013
5.627
0.372
6.000
PT5
0.40
0.06
0.204
6.253
0.584
6.837
PT6
1.00
0.16
0.054
15.63
1.559
17.190
PT7
0.40
0.06
0.0204
6.253
0.584
6.837
PT8
1.00
0.16
0.054
15.63
1.559
17.190
PT9
1.00
0.16
0.054
15.63
1.559
17.190
PT10
1.00
0.16
0.054
15.63
1.559
17.190
PT11
1.00
0.16
0.054
15.63
1.559
17.190
PT12
1.00
0.16
0.054
15.63
1.559
17.190
PT13
1.00
0.16
0.054
15.63
1.559
17.190
PT14
1.00
0.16
0.054
15.63
1.559
17.190
Punct
termic
Qi
PT
Gacc PT
GPT
PT15
0.54
0.06
0.0204
8.441
0.584
9.025
PT16
0.4
0.06
0.0204
6.253
0.584
6.837
195.746
Qi
MW
Qacc
MW
QaccII PT
MW
Gi PT
t/h
Gacc PT
t/h
GPT
t/h
M1
11.57
1.854
0.631
178.814
16.932
195.746
M2
11.82
1.891
0.642
184.783
18.399
203.180
M3
12.05
1.929
0.655
188.379
18.772
207.151
M4
12.29
1.967
0.668
192.131
19.167
211.291
M5
11.57
1.854
0.631
178.814
16.932
195.746
M6
11.82
1.891
0.642
184.783
18.399
203.180
M7
12.05
1.929
0.655
188.379
18.772
207.151
M8
12.29
1.967
0.668
192.131
19.167
211.291
M9
12.29
1.967
0.668
192.131
19.167
211.291
1680.34
5
165.707
1846.05
1
Ansambl
ul
Consumatori industriali
Avand in vedere modul de racordare a consumatorilor urbani la reteaua principala
de distributie a agentului termic primar (intr-o treapta in paralel), debitul de agent termic
se va calcula astfel:
GP.T= Gincalzire+Ga.c.c
Ga.c.c= debitul de agent termic pentru prepararea apei calde de consum menajer
P .T
Qincalzire
Gincalzire=
c * T1 t 2 n
med , P .T
Ga.c.c =
Q a .c . c
c * T1 'T3
T1=65C
T3= 35C
Industri
al
Qi
MW
Qacc
MW
Gi PT
t/h
I1
21.20
1.27
303.791
36.392
340.183
I2
42.41
2.54
607.590
72.791
680.381
I3
27.48
1.64
392.641
1304.02
2
47.001
439.642
1460.18
6
Gacc PT
t/h
156.184
GPT
t/h
Debitul total de agent termic necesar pentru incalzire si pentru prepararea apei
calde de consum menajer este:
Gtotal= 1846.051 + 1460.186 = 3303.237 t/h.
Retelele de termoficare fac parte din categoria retelelor lungi, la care predomina
pierderile de sarcina liniare.
Pierderile de sarcina locale sunt aproximativ (2030 )% din valoarea pierderilor de
sarcina liniare. Se va introduce o lungime fictiva (echivalenta), de (2030 )% di lungimea
tronsonului, in scopul transformarii pierderii de sarcina locala in pierdere de sarcina liniara.
Lc=Ltr+Le
Lc= lungimea de calcul a tronsonului;
Ltr= lungimea reala a tronsonului;
Le= lungimea echivalenta a tronsonului;
Le= (0.20.3)* Ltr
Le= 0.25 * Ltr
Pentru dimensionarea tronsoanelor se utilizeaza pierderi de sarcina specifice pe
tipuri de tronsoane, care au fost determinate in urma unor calcule tehnico-economice.
Pierderile de sarcina specifice au urmatoarele valori:
-
al
pi Di
c [cm], unde:
2 a
r
[daN/cm2]
cs
s=
2 * *
pi Di
c [cm],
2 a
8.82
4.7
[daN/cm2]
[daN/cm2]
7.12
[daN/cm2]
[daN/cm2]
r
cs
a =
r =
cs =
4500
cs =
3.75
[daN/cm2
]
a =
1500
a =
1200
[daN/cm2
]
pt. OLT 45
pt. tevi sudate elicoidal
pt. tevi trase
[daN/cm2
]
[daN/cm2
]
0.8
1
0.1
[cm]
c - coeficient de adaos ;
cm
s
di
s
STAS
m
m
m
m
m
m
0.2
1
2.1
0
0.1
9
1.9
0
0.1
7
1.7
0
0.1
6
1.6
0
Tevi trase
0.1
0.1
6
5
1.6
1.5
0
0
0.1
4
1.4
0
0.1
3
1.3
0
0.1
2
1.2
0
0.12
1.20
800
600
500
450
300
250
200
175
150
125
100
80
65
50
8.0
0
8.0
0
7.0
0
7.0
0
8.0
0
8.0
0
7.0
0
7.0
0
5.5
0
4.0
0
4.0
0
3.5
0
3.5
0
3.50
10 W ai
[cm], unde:
gt
DN
DEXT
[mm
]
[mm
]
[mm
]
800
820
600
620
500
521
450
469
300
325
250
273
200
219
175
194
150
162
125
133
100
108
80
89
65
70
50
57
8.0
0
8.0
0
7.0
0
7.0
0
8.0
0
8.0
0
7.0
0
7.0
0
5.5
0
4.0
0
4.0
0
3.5
0
3.5
0
3.5
0
siz
[cm ]
[cm ]
[mm
]
167,913.7
0
4,095.3
0
2,319.2
0
1,430.7
0
1,181.7
0
71,895.90
37,269.50
36,209.76
60
60
gteava
gfluid
[dan/m]
[dan/m]
159.8
3
119.6
3
497.8
0
280.9
0
197.9
0
166.8
1
60
88.25
60
81.52
Subteran
giz
g
[dan/m
]
88.03
69.09
59.98
55.40
siz
gteava
gfluid
giz
[mm
]
[dan/m]
[dan/m]
[dan/m]
[dan/m]
[cm]
159.8
3
119.6
3
497.8
0
280.9
0
197.9
0
166.8
1
118.6
2
776.2
5
496.4
2
370.2
1
325.0
4
189.5
0
150.0
0
110.1
3
1,779.1
7
1,674.2
5
1,522.7
4
1,476.9
3
1,395.5
9
1,308.3
3
1,141.1
4
1,157.7
1
[dan/m]
[cm]
[dan*cm]
745.6
6
469.6
2
346.1
3
303.7
3
176.5
0
134.0
1
1,048.0
6
682,550.0
0
386,533.3
3
238,450.0
0
196,950.1
9
102,523.3
3
799.16
993.83
909.22
882.11
834.89
Aerian
g
Mmax
90
90
95.89
90
88.25
84.06
90
81.52
90
61.32
73.53
54.65
71,321.67
80
51.26
50.85
47.89
76.71
9,996.09
615.14
60
61.32
73.53
41.65
5,841.29
427.93
50
52.26
50.85
30.90
2,617.36
239.02
50
35.88
32.35
26.48
94.71
710.45
39,836.67
80
35.88
32.35
41.90
2,349.21
190.66
50
27.68
23.83
20.33
71.84
728.55
31,776.05
80
27.68
23.83
33.84
85.35
678.85
89.32
40
19.48
15.30
14.17
48.95
604.11
14,886.67
60
19.48
15.30
25.78
60.56
940.71
336.92
50.66
30
12.48
12.03
12.45
36.96
523.58
8,443.33
50
12.48
12.03
18.95
43.46
836.30
176.64
32.70
30
10.06
7.69
10.83
28.58
478.36
5,450.00
50
10.06
7.69
16.90
34.65
752.49
85.90
19.30
30
7.23
5.17
9.41
21.81
420.69
3,216.67
50
7.23
5.17
15.34
27.74
646.10
40.46
11.50
30
5.62
3.06
8.13
16.81
369.90
1,916.67
50
5.62
3.06
13.72
22.40
555.01
21.10
7.40
30
4.53
1.92
7.35
13.80
327.48
1,233.33
50
4.53
1.92
13.35
19.80
473.54
( x 2 y 2 )
[m];
x=Lt=0.064 [m];
y=Lt=0.064 [m];
-
x1 0
y1 L / 2
G1
x2 L / 2
y2 L
G2
G1{0;22.5}, G2{22.5:45}
-
Msx=y1L1+y2L2=22.5*45+45*45=3037.5 [m2];
Msy=x1L1+x2L2=0*45+22.5*45=1012.5 [m2];
=
Msy
L1 L 2
Msx
L1 L 2
L13
45 3
45 3 121500 [m3];
L32 =
3
3
L32
Iy= 3 =30375 [m3];
Ixy=
L13
45 3
45 2 45 =30375 [m3];
L22 L1 =
3
3
X=E I
Y=E I
x I yG y I xyG
I xG I yG I xyG
x I xG y I xyG
I xG I yG I xyG
= 2*106* 113206.3
6.36
=X=6.36 [daN];
M max
max= W at
149.175 10 2
max= 3146.1
=4.74 at=1000 [daN/cm2]
x=(L1+L2)t=12*10-6*120*(70+70)=0.201 [m];
y=L3t=12*10-6*120*100=0.144 [m];
=coeficientul de dilatare a materialului utilizat;
tf=temperature fluidului in regim nominal, tf=120 C ;
t0=temperature mediului ambient in perioada de montare, t0=0 C
-
Msx=L2*0+
Msy=L2*
100 * 100
L23
70 * 100 12000 [m2];
+L1*L3 =
2
2
L2
L 70 2
70
L3 L2 L1 L2 1
100 70 70 70 =16800 [m2];
2
2
2
2
Msy
L1 L 2 L3
Msx
L1 L 2 L3
Iy=
L33
100 3
100 2 70 =1033333.33 [m3];
L23 L1 =
3
3
2 L13
2 70 3
L22L3+ 3 = 702100+ 3 =1404666.66 [m3];
Ixy=
893333.3 [m ];
3
3
3
3
3
3
X=E I
x I yG y I xyG
I xG I yG I xyG
=2*106* 113206.3
Y=E I
x I xG y I xyG
I xG I yG I xyG
=
[daN]
=
0.144 433333 0.201 53333.3
17.2
[daN]
M max
max= W at
630.5 10 2
max= 3146.1 =20 at=1000 [daN/cm2]
L E I
[daN]
2A
maxim=
L E D H
[daN/cm2], unde D este diametrul conductei.
2A
max 2 A
=225 *106 cm3
L E D H
L E I 18 2 106 42348
=
3387.48 [daN].
2A
2 225 106
L E D H
[daN/cm2], unde D este diametrul conductei.
2A
max 2 A
=15 *106 cm3
L E D H
L E I 10 2 10 6 678.849
=
452.566 [daN].
2A
2 15 10 6
2
45
( 45
) =859.85[daN];
2
2
Pfy=trgtsin(L1+L2/2) =0.03*600.5*
2
45
( 45
) =859.85[daN].
2
2
Pc=0.032*10**62*15.5=6038.1[daN].
c. Forte de reactiune elastica
Fortele de reactiune elastica pentru compensatoarele elastice naturale
in
forma de L si Z precum si pentru compensatoarele curbate in forma de
U s-au calculat la calculul configuratiilor in forma de L , Z si al
compensatorului in forma de U.
Pentru punctual fix ales pentru calcul se regasesc urmatoarele forte de
reactiune elastica:
Pk2=452.566 [daN];
X1=12.61[daN];
Y1=17.2[daN].
d.Forte datorate presiunii interioare
Aceste forte determina incarcarea reazemelor fixe in situatia
neechilibrarii lor in materialul conductei.Situatiile care conduc la aparitia
solicitarilor datorate presiunii interioare pi sunt urmatoarele:
-reductii: Pi red= pi
2
D d 2 [daN];
4
2
d
4
[daN];
2
d
4
[daN];
2
d
4
[daN].
tg
ax
( M g2 ( M t M v ) 2
ax=
P M
[daN/cm2], unde:
As
W
ax=
11377 .54
1118 .03 1182 .7 [daN/cm2],
175.92
tg=
pi Di
, unde pi este presiunea interioara.
2s
tg=
10 70
437.5 [daN/cm2].
2 0.8
med=
1
(1+2+3)>0, relatia de verificare este:
3
ech= 12 22 32 2 ( 1 2 1 2 2 3 ) a;
a=
r
=3700/3=1233.33[daN/cm2];
Cs
med=536.73[daN/cm2]>0
ech=
1233.
q Lmax im
Ds
D s ta
[m], unde:
q