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Dawn detergent
No detergent
Two seeds of a fav. flower

grew 3 cm.
Grew 5 cm.
Terracotta pot

Miracle grow potting soil

sunlight
water

8. Make a graph summarizing your data for this experiment.

a. If your word processing (or other) program makes graph, you may use that.
b. Alternatively, there are a number of graphing programs available online.
i. Once youve made the graph, you have a number of options for
exporting it the easiest may simply be to copy image and paste
the graph directly into this document.
ii. These two programs are good ones (either one should work):
http://nces.ed.gov/nceskids/createagraph/default.aspx
http://www.onlinecharttool.com/graph.php

9. Does your data support or refute the hypothesis? Yes, the data supports the
hypothesis.

10. Discuss the implications of your data. My data describes the difference found in the
growing process of using detergent vs. not using detergent. There is a difference of
1 1/2cm. The person that has complained has a reason because the experiment
showed that the detergent is ruining the city flowers.

Part B
Go to:
http://www.glencoe.com/sites/common_assets/science/virtual_labs/E16/E16.html
Conduct the experiment and answer the questions below:
1. What is the hypothesis for this experiment? Go light on a Hot day.

2. This experiment only has test groups (and no control group). Why is there no control
group for this experiment? There is only one factor to manipulate.

Author: Suzanne Wakim

Suzanne Wakim: Graph is

Date: Indeterminate

Author: Suzanne Wakim

Date: Indeterminate
Suzanne Wakim: There should always only be 1 factor that is manipulated.
There is no control group because the control group is the "baseline" that we are testing the test group
against. For example - no soap is the baseline and we see how adding soap changes the flower growth. In
this experiment, there is not "baseline" color - that would be a shirt that had no color, and that is
impossible.

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3. What is the experimental variable for this experiment? Color

4. What is dependent variable for this experiment? Light color vs. dark color

5. What are the control variables for this experiment? The time.

6. Does your data support or refute the hypothesis? Yes, light colors absorb less heat
which means you will stay cooler with light colored clothing.
7. Discuss the implications of your data. Dark colored jacket absorbed more heat the
average was 28 c, the light color jackets absorbed less heat averaging 25 c.

Part C
Read the article answer the questions that follow:
%&*#$!' makes you feel better Science News; 8/1/2009, Vol. 176 Issue 3, p9-9, 1/3p
New study finds swearing like a sailor may alleviate pain. Although the news probably
won't stop parents from washing kids' mouths out with soap, it turns out that cussing a
blue streak may be a good thing. Four-letter words may help alleviate pain, suggests a
study in the August 5 NeuroReport. "Swear words are unique," says psychologist
Timothy Jay of Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts in North Adams. "They're really
the link between the language system and the emotional system." Inspiration for the
study came to psychologist Richard Stephens as he listened to his wife let loose with
some unsavory language during the throes of labor. He and colleagues at Keele
University in England wanted to see whether uttering emotion-laden choice words could
change the amount of pain people feel.

Author: Suzanne Wakim

Date: Indeterminate
Suzanne Wakim: The dependent variable is what we are measuring to draw our conclusion. In this case, we
are measuring final temperature.

Undergraduate students immersed one hand in cold water (about 5 Celsius) for as long
as they could stand it, up to five minutes, while repeating either a swear word or an
innocuous word. When people had a swear word for their mantra (popular choices: the
s-word, f-word, two b-words and a c-word), they were able to keep a hand in the chilly
water longer. What's more, after the ordeal, people who swore reported less pain.
Swearing also increased heart rate. Researchers suspect the increase might signal the
beginning of a fight-or-flight response, which may allow the body to tolerate or ignore
pain. Jay says the study goes beyond whether swearing should be frowned upon in
polite society: "When you try to describe swearing in moral terms -- is it good or bad -- it
keeps you from getting at the deeper evolutionary links."
1. What is the hypothesis of the experiment in the article? Swearing like a sailor
alleviates pain.

2. What are the control and test groups of the experiment? There is no control group.
The test group is the undergraduate students.

3. What are the dependent, experimental and control variables of the experiment?
There is no dependent variable. The experimental variable is the swear words. The
control variable is cold water and 5 minutes.

Read the following article and answer the questions that follow.

In a preliminary study, a vaccine against a virus that can cause cancer has proved 94
percent effective in women. The success sets the stage for an enhanced version of the
vaccine and the massive trial needed for government approval of the final product,
which is intended to protect against the human papillomavirus (HPV).
Some HPV strains cause cervical cancer, while others are responsible for genital warts
(SN: 11/23/02, p. 323; 3/3/01, p. 132). In the new trial, researchers gave 768 young
women three injections of the vaccine, and 765 similar women three placebo shots.
Over the following 3.5 years, only 7 women who were vaccinated developed an HPV

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Author: Suzanne Wakim
Date: Indeterminate
Suzanne Wakim: The control group did not swear, the test group did.
Author: Suzanne Wakim
Date: Indeterminate
Suzanne Wakim: The dependent variable is how long they held their hands in the cold water.

infection, compared with 111 of those getting the inert shots, says Constance Mao of
the University of Washington School of Medicine in Seattle.
An HPV infection can lead to aberrant cervical-cell growth, the kind detectable on a Pap
smear. If not removed, the cells can progress to precancerous lesions and sometimes
cancer. In this trial, none of the vaccinated women developed such aberrant cell growth,
whereas 24 of those receiving the placebo did, Mao said.
Merck Research Laboratories of West Point, Pa., has created the enhanced vaccine
using proteins from four HPV strains-two that cause cancer and two that cause genital
warts. Researchers have enrolled 25,000 men and women worldwide for this vaccine's
large-scale test.
Source: Nathan Seppa (2004, November). A vaccine for cervical cancer. Science
News, 166(21), 332. Retrieved December 11, 2008, from Education
Module database. (Document ID: 745770471).

1. The scientists discussed 2 separate studies in the above article. What was the
hypothesis for each study? A Vaccine to fight HPV.
2. For the first study:
a. What was the control group? The placebo group.
b. What was the test group? 768 women who were vaccinated vs. the 111 who
received placebo.
c. What was the dependent variable? Placebo vs. vaccine
d. What was the experimental variable? Placebo
e. What are 3 possible control variables? Undergraduate students, men, and
women
3. Did the findings support or refute the original hypothesis? Supports the hypothesis.
4. Why does the second study logically follow from the first? The first study is a
preliminary study needed for the worldwide study.

Now read the following hypothetical study and answer the questions:
An experiment was designed to see what effects ibuprofen would have on laboratory
mice. 500 male mice and 500 female mice were used in the study. The male mice
were placed in an area with food and water. The female mice were placed in a separate
area of the same size. The female mice were given additional food and water.

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Author: Suzanne Wakim
Date: Indeterminate
Suzanne Wakim: The placebo group is the control group.
Author: Suzanne Wakim
Date: Indeterminate
Suzanne Wakim: The dependent variable is what we are measuring to draw our conclusion. In this case - if
they got HPV or not.
Placebo v. vaccine is the experimental variable.

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The males were each given 100 mg of ibuprofen per day and the females were given 50
mg of ibuprofen. The ibuprofen was mixed in with the food.
1. Identify 2 errors in the design of this experiment. The female and male mice were
given different mg. of ibuprofen. The female mice were given additional food and
water.

Part D
1. What makes a study scientific or not scientific? (Good experiments dont necessarily
need to follow the scientific method as though it were a recipe. But, what do they
need?) Carefully documented investigation and experimentation. The scientific way
is a way of learning.

2. Why are controls important in a study? If you dont use control groups then I dont
think you can really do an experiment.

3. Why are replicates important in a study? To keep research up to date and to

possibly form a theory.

4. Each of the following experiments is attempting to study the placebo effect of

caffeine. Which experiment is designed the best? That is, which one answers the
question the most effectively? You may want to identify the experimental variable in
each experiment to help you answer this question.
A. The control group is given decaffeinated coffee and the test group is given
caffeinated coffee. They are told which group they are in.
B. The control group is given decaffeinated coffee and the test group is given
caffeinated coffee. They are all told that they have been given caffeinated
coffee.

C. The control group and the test group are both given decaffeinated coffee. The
control group is told that they are given caffeinated coffee and the test group is
told that they are given caffeinated coffee.
D. The control group and the test group are both given flavored water. The test
group is told that this is a new high-caffeine drink. The control group is told that
this is a new non-caffeinated drink.

5. Explain why you picked the answer you did for question 3. I picked B, the placebo
effect. It will be interesting to see how people act. All will think they have been given
caffeinated coffee but the control group was not given caffeinated coffee so the
experiment would be interesting.

Part E: Study Skills

1. Online classes require high levels of time management. If you find you need help
with time management strategies, the following has some excellent tips:
http://www.cob.sjsu.edu/nellen_a/time_management.htm
One of the most important time management strategies is to plan a specific time
when you will work on specific classes. What times have you scheduled to work on
this class? Or, when have you been working on the assignments for this class?
I have a gap in between classes 2 times a week, I also have access to my church
office computer at any time. I also have hot spot on my phone. I am working on this
homework at least one section per day. My goal is to stay ahead at least a week.

2. The syllabus and ***start here*** module have some student suggestions from prior
semesters. (As part of the final discussion, I asked students to offer advice to
students just entering the class). Read through these and pick one suggestion that
you think may help you moving forward in the class. Discuss how you may use this
suggestion.
The suggestion that caught my eye is READ THE CHAPTERS and dont wait to
ask questions!

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Author: Suzanne Wakim
Date: Indeterminate
Suzanne Wakim: Excellent strategy!

3. Success in online classes requires a high level of self-motivation on the students

part. How will you keep yourself motivated for this class?
I am pretty motivated, I have been at Butte since 2010 and have worked my way
through and I will be transferring in the fall of 2015, I can see me transferring in
the near future, pretty exciting being that I am 38 years young

4. What can I do to help you succeed in this class? You have already helped me. I ask
questions and you respond. If I get stuck I will come by your office. Thank You for
being an AWESOME teacher

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Author: Suzanne Wakim
Date: Indeterminate
Suzanne Wakim: Yes it is - congratulations!