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The chapter gives insight into the scanning electron microscope technique. From "Electron Microscopy and Analysis" textbook by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys and Richard Beanland. Courtesy of Taylor and Francis Books UK.
The chapter gives insight into the scanning electron microscope technique. From "Electron Microscopy and Analysis" textbook by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys and Richard Beanland. Courtesy of Taylor and Francis Books UK.
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The chapter gives insight into the scanning electron microscope technique. From "Electron Microscopy and Analysis" textbook by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys and Richard Beanland. Courtesy of Taylor and Francis Books UK.
Drepturi de autor:
Attribution ShareAlike (BY-SA)
Formate disponibile
Descărcați ca PDF, TXT sau citiți online pe Scribd
(Note: Page numbers are as in the whole book so that the index remains valid)
Acronyms …………………………………………………….……………………… iii
Preface ………………………………………………………………………………. iv
5 The scanning electron microscope
5.1 How it works ……………………………………………… 122
5.2 Obtaining a signal in the SEM ……………….………….… 124 5.3 The optics of the SEM ………………………….…………. 131 5.4 The performance of the SEM ………………….………….. 133 5.5 The ultimate resolution of the SEM .…………….…..……. 135 5.6 Topographic images ...…………………………..………… 141 5.7 Compositional images ……………...…………..……….… 146 5.8 Crystallographic information from the SEM …………...…. 149 5.9 The use of other signals in the SEM ……………….....…... 153 5.10 Image acquisition, processing and storage ……….……….. 159 5.11 The preparation of specimens for examination in the SEM .. 162 5.12 Low voltage microscopy……………………………………164 5.13 Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) …… 166 5.14 Questions …………………………………………………... 167
Further reading ……………………………………………………………..…………... 236
Answers …………………………………………………………………………………... 238 Index …………………………………………………………………………..…………... 243 __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA). __________________________________________________________ Electron Microscopy and Analysis, Third Edition (electronic copy) by Peter J. Goodhew, John Humphreys, and Richard Beanland. Reproduced by kind permission of Taylor and Francis Books UK under a Creative Commons Licence (BY-SA).