Course Tou1010

The tourism sector

This module will be done individually and needs to be completed by Sep 20th, 2014
1.1
Industry
1. Economic activity concerned with the processing of raw materials and manufacture of
goods in factories.
2. A particular form or branch of economic or commercial activity: the tourist
Sector
1. An area or portion that is distinct from others.
2. A distinct part or branch of a nation's economy or society or of a sphere of activity
such as education: "the Muslim sector".
1.2
8 sectors:
Transportation
1. The action of transporting someone or something or the process of being transported.
2. A system or means of transporting people or goods.
Accommodation
1. An action of accommodating or the process of being accommodated.
2. A room, group of rooms, or building in which someone may live or stay.
Food
Noun: Any nutritious substance that people or animals eat or drink, or that plants absorbs,
in order to maintain life and growth: "cans of cat food"; "baby foods".
Beverage
Noun: A drink, one other than water
Food and beverage (f & b)
It is the industry term that refers to all food and beverage needs for an event. A successful
host will incorporate the F&B planning into the party theme, the dietary or religious
needs of the guests, and his/her own preferences and skills.
Meeting
1. An assembly of people for discussion or entertainment.
2. A gathering of people, esp. Quakers, for worship.
Events
1. A thing that happens, esp. one of importance.
2. A planned public or social occasion.

Conference
Verb: Take part in a conference or conference call: "video conferencing".
Noun: A formal meeting for discussion.
Attraction
1. The action or power of evoking interest, pleasure, or liking for someone or something:
"the timeless attraction of a good tune".
2. A quality or feature of something or someone that evokes interest, liking, or desire:
"this reform has many attractions for those on the left".
Definition for adventure tourism:
Adventure travel is a type of tourism, involving exploration or travel to remote, exotic
and possibly hostile areas. Adventure tourism is rapidly growing in popularity, as tourists
seek different kinds of vacations.
Recreation
1. Activity done for enjoyment when one is not working.
2. The action or process of creating something again: "the periodic destruction and
recreation of the universe"
Ecotourism
Noun: Tourism in exotic, often threatened, natural environments, esp. to support
conservation efforts and observe wildlife.
Travel trade:
The collective term for tour operators, wholesalers and travel agents
Tourism services:
A travel agency is a retail/real business, that sells travel related products and services to
customers, on behalf of suppliers, such as airlines, car rentals, cruise lines, hotels,
railways, sightseeing tours and package holidays that combine several products.
1.3
Tourism
Noun: The commercial organization and operation of vacations and visits to places of
interest.
Tourist
Noun: A person who is traveling or visiting a place for pleasure.
Outbound
Adjective: Traveling away from a particular place, esp. on the first leg of a round trip:
"an outbound flight"; "flying outbound".

Inbound
Adjective: Traveling toward a particular place, esp. when returning to the original point
of departure: "inbound traffic"; "we have three enemy planes inbound on bearing two
ninety".
1.4*
Write a paragraph on the different industries of the sector and the infrastructure that
connects them. Example: travel destination may be connected to air
transportation/surface transportation
1.5*
Identify various organizations at the local, national and international level, their
responsibilities and how they interact; example: government, tourism destination regions,
industry associations, local associations, and private-sector operations
2.1*
History and development of tourism
- This is one of many articles out there, please summarize a few readings about
what the history and development of tourism is.
- Could be locally, nationally or internationally
Tourism
Tourism is a complete and naturally related collection of services with a single unifying
purpose: to provide TRANSPORTATION, accommodation, food and beverage services,
recreation and entertainment to Canadians or foreigners traveling in Canada for any
purpose. It is an important and fast-growing industry. Canada's tourism industry earned
over $44 billion in 1998, representing, directly or indirectly, more than 10% of the labour
force. By the year 2000 it could be one of the most important single economic activities
in Canada. Money spent on tourism products has a great impact on employment, both
directly and indirectly, that is at least equal to, and in many cases more than, spending in
the nation's leading 40 industries.
Industry
Visitors from outside Canada make tourism Canada's fifth-largest earner of foreign
exchange after motor vehicles, auto parts, crude petroleum and newsprint. The bulk of
Canada's tourism comes from Canadians traveling in and exploring their own country. On
the international travel account, Canada has a falling share of the international market and
a $1.2-billion deficit: Canadians spent $7.5 billion outside Canada. Catering to tourists in
Canada involves many large companies and about 100 000 small and medium-sized
businesses, including almost 300 000 hotel and motel rooms, more than 45 000 eating
places and 4000 travel agencies. These businesses serve over 34 million visitors a year.
Every 100 000 visitors to a community can mean $9 million in revenue throughout the
local economy.
At the federal level tourism is the responsibility of the minister of state for small business
and tourism through Tourism Canada in the Department of Regional Industrial

Expansion. The promotion and development of tourism through a designated federal

agency dates from 1934. The recognized national industry association is the Ottawabased Tourism Industry Association of Canada (TIAC). It is an umbrella organization
representing private sector companies, organizations, institutions and individuals engaged
in tourism in Canada and working in partnership with provincial and territorial tourismindustry associations. TIAC has represented the Canadian tourism industry for 69 years
and exists to lobby government, to communicate with industry, and to increase public
awareness of the importance of tourism and the need for public support.
Tourism dates back to the early history of Canada. Writings by the early explorers and
traders contributed to the growing knowledge of the Canadian landscape, still the primary
attraction of Canada's tourism industry (see EXPLORATION AND TRAVEL
LITERATURE). From the mid-18th to the early 19th century TOPOGRAPHIC
PAINTERS recorded an idealized landscape, scenes that were often reproduced as
engravings in travel books published in Europe. The CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY,
through its rail and steamship services, its hotels and publicity campaigns, attracted
affluent European and American tourists to Canada. Modern travel and the opportunity
for mass travel came with the jet airplane. Business travel illustrates the degree of
change: travel and related expenses are the third-largest expenditure of Canadian
business, after payroll and data processing expenditures. Canadian companies spent $3
billion in 1986.
The Canadian tourism industry requires sophisticated marketing, delivering value and
service. Beginning in 1984 Canada experienced a turnaround following 10 years of
decline during which its balance of payments deficit on the international travel account
grew from $300 million to $2.2 billion. Nineteen eighty-six was an exceptional year:
foreign visitors increased 18%. The primary reasons for this growth were EXPO 86 in
Vancouver, a favorable exchange rate with the US, an aggressive federal government
advertising campaign in the US and negative incidents in other parts of the world which
discouraged N Americans from traveling overseas. The best potential new source for
travelers to Canada is likely in the Pacific Rim countries. Arrivals from Japan and Hong
Kong are expected to show an increase, continuing an upward trend that started in 1979.
Australia remains stable. The US continues to be Canada's primary source of visitors;
they comprise over 85% of our tourism market. Traditional European markets, including
the UK, France, W Germany and the Netherlands, are expected to produce moderate
growth over the next few years.
Contemporary Canadian tourist attractions are often the same as those extolled by early
travel writers - the fjorded coast of BC, the majestic grandeur of the Canadian Rockies,
the wide open spaces of the Prairies, the lakes, forests and rivers of central Canada, the
Atlantic coast in its infinite variety of bays, coves, beaches and scenic vistas, the arctic
environment and people, and, of course, such old favorites as NIAGARA FALLS. The
works of humans have been added to these natural assets through the development of
modern and sophisticated cities, and through galleries and museums, performing arts,
historic sites, FESTIVALS, and events such as Expo 86, the CALGARY STAMPEDE
and winter OLYMPIC GAMES. To most of the world Canada is known as a tourist
destination through its scenery, space and environment.

Whistler Village
Whistler Village (courtesy Whistler Resort Association/photo by Leanna Rathkelly).
Author F.G. BRANDER
2.2
Geographic
Relating to the science of geography.
Demographic
Adjective: Relating to the structure of populations.
Noun: A particular sector of a population: "the drink is popular with a young
demographic".
Psychographic
In the field of marketing, demographics, opinion research, and social research in general,
psychographic variables are any attributes relating to personality, values, attitudes,
interests, or lifestyles. They are also called IAO variables (for Interests, Activities, and
Opinions).
Socioeconomics
Adjective: Relating to or concerned with the interaction of social and economic factors.
2.3
Leisure
1. Free time.
2. Use of free time for enjoyment.
Disposable income
Noun: Income remaining after deduction of taxes and other mandatory charges, available
to be spent or saved as one wishes
Educational opportunities
It is the circumstances or conditions that enable individuals or groups to improve their
educational status.

Personal interest
Your Multiple Intelligences or Aptitude
Your aptitude or 'multiple intelligences' is different from your behavior preference as it
describes what you are really interested in, rather than how you may behave, and helps
you define what you really want out of your personal life and career.
We are happiest and most successful when we learn, develop, and work in ways that
make best use of our natural make-up. As such the 'multiple intelligences' indicator helps
you to focus on the sorts of learning and work that will be most fulfilling and rewarding
for you.
Again, Ill enlist the help of an expert in the field - Dr. Howard Gardner, psychologist
and professor of education at the Graduate School of Education at Harvard University.
Through his extensive research on everyday people, he developed the theory of multiple
intelligences that proposes 9 different intelligences (originally he only defined 7, but
added 2 more after further research).
Gardner claims that all people have all intelligences but in varying amounts, such that
each person has a unique intellectual make-up. These intelligences are located in different
areas of the brain and can either work independently or together, can be nurtured and
strengthened, or ignored and weakened.
So what are the 9 multiple intelligences? They are described below. As you read through
each one, think about your own preferences, interests, skills and abilities and see whether
there is any particular intelligence (may be several) that apply to you.
Linguistic (Verbal) Intelligence
Well-developed verbal skills include reading, speaking, writing and self-expression. Have
an interest in sounds and the meanings/ rhythms of words. Have the ability to learn new
languages and use rhetoric. Like learning new skills by reading, listening and writing.
Typical career interests and hobbies include writer, editor, poet, journalist, teacher,
lawyer, politician, actor, commentator, etc.
Logical-Mathematical Intelligence
Have the ability to think conceptually, abstractly and logically. Good with numbers,
mental math, logic puzzles, identifying patterns and decision-making, and can analyze
problems logically. Likes learning through numbers and logic.
Typical career interests and hobbies include scientist, engineer, accountant,
mathematician, accountant, statistician, trades person, computer programmer,
homemaker, etc.
Musical Intelligence
Involves skill in the performance, composition, and appreciation of music. Has the
capacity to recognize pitch, tone and rhythm. Enjoys singing, playing an instrument,
listening to/ analyzing the make-up of music, and is sensitive to the mood of music. Likes
learning through music, sounds and rhythms.

Typical career interests and hobbies include musician, disc jockey, singer, composer,
music teacher, instrument maker, choir, conductor, music critic, music collector,
composer, etc.
Spatial (Visual) Intelligence
Has the capacity to think in images and pictures. Visualize, interpret and graphically
represent visual or spatial ideas. Includes abilities in art, imagination, creativity,
inventiveness and ingenuity. Uses colour, line, shape, form and space. Likes learning
through pictures, shapes and images.
Typical career interests and hobbies include sculptor, artist, inventor, architect, mechanic,
engineer, illustrator, photographer, interior decorator, clothing designer, builder,
architect, art critic, etc.
Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence
Has the ability to use mental abilities to coordinate bodily movements and use the body
and tools to take effective action. Includes sports, agility, dance, entertainment,
athleticism, strength and any skills that involve the use of your hands (like drafting,
crafting, woodworking, precision work, etc.). Likes learning by hands-on experience,
movement, touch and feel.
Typical career interests and hobbies include sportsman, athlete, PE teacher, dancer, actor,
firefighter, mechanic, trainer, contractor, craftsperson, coach, salesperson, sports analyst,
dance critic, sculptor, choreographer, actor, etc.
Interpersonal Intelligence
Has the ability to understand and appreciate people, including communication, empathy,
helping and working effectively with others, etc. ability to build relationships and deal
effectively with others. Includes talents such as persuasion, selling, networking, charm,
making others feel comfortable, managing a team, conflict management, teamwork,
cooperation, listening, charisma, and leadership. Likes learning through communication,
human contact and teamwork.
Typical career interests and hobbies include counselor, salesperson, politician, business
person, minister, manager, social worker, doctor, nurse, therapist, teacher, sociologist,
psychologist, psychotherapist, consultant, etc.
Intrapersonal Intelligence
Has the ability to deal effectively with yourself and your emotions. This includes abilities
such as knowing yourself, recognizing your strengths and weaknesses, self-confidence,
self-control, adaptability and flexibility to change, work ethic, commitment, initiative,
persistence, empathy, political awareness, integrity, honesty, time management and
overall character. Likes learning through self-reflection and self-discovery.
Typical career interests and hobbies include researcher, theorist, philosopher, planner,
small business owner, psychologist, artist, clergy, etc.

Naturalist Intelligence
Has the ability to identify and recognize patterns and relationships in natural science.
Recognize own connection to nature, apply science theory to life, recognize and classify
plants, minerals, animals, etc. Likes learning through the outdoors, animals and field
trips.
Typical career interests and hobbies include scientist, naturalist, landscape architect, vet,
biology teacher, botanist, horticulturalist, park ranger, conservationist, etc.
Existential Intelligence
Sensitivity, curiosity and capacity to tackle deep questions about human existence such as
the meaning of life, why do we die, and how did we get here. Enjoys reflective and deep
thinking and design of abstract theories. Likes learning in the context of where
humankind stands in the "big picture" of existence.
Typical career interests and hobbies include scientist, philosopher, theologian, politician,
etc.
How to apply your multiple intelligences to your goal setting
You are naturally going to do better at a skill if you have a natural intelligence in that
area. For example, if you have a high musical intelligence, youll probably find learning a
new musical instrument a lot easier than other people, and you probably really enjoy this
challenge as well.
Multiple intelligences are also useful in helping you work out what you dont like or what
youre not naturally good at.
For example, when I dream in my sleep, I often dream of being super-athletic. I can outrun everyone; do amazing gymnastics, not to mention the Kung-Fu scenes! The reality is
though I have a relatively low Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence [Im more of a logicalmathematical person, with linguistic tendencies too], so this is one dream that will
probably stay where it is in my sleep! This is not to say that I cant improve my level of
fitness or learn a new hands-on skill, but Ill probably never be brilliant at it.
So the important thing here is to use the Howard Gardner Multiple Intelligences test to
differentiate real skill/ ability areas from dream skills and abilities, and keep this in
perspective when establishing target goals and time-frames for achieving them.
You may also notice some similarities between your multiple intelligences and your
behaviour profile. Owls for example will often have a high logical/ mathematical
intelligence; Doves will have intrapersonal intelligence and Peacocks, interpersonal
intelligence. Eagles are often bodily/ kinesthetic. Of course, youre likely to have more
than one strong intelligence in your profile.
[What's with all the bird references? Read the section on 'Behaviour Profile' under the
'About YOU' tab on the NavBar to find out, or to jog your memory].
Or perhaps you can tell us about YOU and help others understand who they are
You Inc .
Business
1. A person's regular occupation, profession, or trade.
2. An activity that someone is engaged in.

2.4*
Google tourism statistics and write a paragraph in your own words on your findings.
Also what were some travel trends for 2011? Where were people going and what were
they doing.
2.5*
Please comment on the items below:
Positive and negative impacts of tourism: By Ian Ragsdale, eHow Contributor
1. Economic Effects
o Tourism's primary benefit is the profit it brings the local and regional area.
But the financial burden shouldered by a community to build and maintain
a tourism industry is also a consideration. Tourism development also
opens communities to encroachment by offshore corporations providing
services to affluent tourists, funneling the biggest profits away from locals.
Environmental Effects
o Although tourism itself can disrupt or destroy ecosystems and
environments, tourism can also be the very impetus for conserving an
unspoiled landscape otherwise vulnerable to industrial development.
Cultural Effects
o "Culture" is one of the chief consumables of tourism, and experiencing
unusual cultures can be educational for the visitor and highly profitable for
the community. But tourism is a necessarily invasive process that thrusts
traditional communities into the modern world, threatening their distinct
lifestyles and cultural products.
Social Effects
o Tourism employment brings new streams of income into a community but
also inhibits individuals from performing traditional tasks, making
families dependent on cash income from tourism and therefore less likely
to participate in time-honored work and social activities.
Political Effects
o Travel is touted as a means to close gaps between peoples, cultures and
religions, but the extreme differences of wealth and lifestyle between
locals and tourists in some areas can cause resentment.
2.6*
Explain societal and political factors that influence industry activity.
Social factors
Influences on individual behavior attributable to the social values and/or behavior of the
groups to which an individual belongs or aspires to belong.

Political factors
It is factual information that is correct, but on the other hand can be information that can
be challenged by politicians.
2.7*
After reading the article below, please comment on what being a responsible tourist to
you is and how you are one in the countries you have traveled thus far in your life.
Be a responsible tourist by foreign & commonwealth office
Making responsible choices about your holiday can help protect communities and the
environment around the world.
Tourism can have a negative impact on the environment so weve got a few tips on how
you can reduce your impact, help to protect endangered species and preserve local
cultures. It can also have a negative impact on communities in destination, but there are
lots of things that you can do to make tourism a positive experience for all.
Drugs are a universal problem. Its important to be aware of the dangers of dabbling with
them whilst youre abroad.
And child sex tourism is unfortunately a growing problem in some areas of the world.
Learn how you can help stop this and how the UK law can be enforced even if offences
are committed abroad.
We work to promote universal respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms for
all. If you would like to know more about human rights issues in countries you are
thinking of traveling to, our Annual Human Rights Report provides an assessment of the
human rights record of countries of concern around the world.
3.1-3.5*
Identify different mediums used to promote tourism.
Describe a variety of strategies used to promote tourism.
Compare a variety of promotional strategies and identify their strengths and weaknesses.
Create a promotional strategy and outline its effectiveness.
4.1-4.2*
Research a variety of occupations in different industries of the tourism sector.
Research sources of furthering skills, training and post secondary education for
employment prospects and advancements. Incorporate 5.1-6.2 in this research and
information that you will provide.
5.1*
Demonstrate fundamental skills to:
- Communicate
- Manage information
- Use numbers

Think and solve problems

5.2*
Demonstrate personal management skills to:
- Demonstrate positive attitudes and behaviors
- Be responsible
- Be adaptable
- Learn continuously
- Work safely
5.3*
Demonstrate teamwork skills to:
- Work with others
- Participate in projects and tasks
6.1*
Complete / update a personal inventory: Example - interests, values, beliefs, resources,
prior learning and experiences.
6.2*
Create a connection between a personal inventory and occupational choices.
5.1-6.2*
To help answer some of the questions in these sections, use some of this information
below to get through this.
Answer these questions: Cultural Travel
1) Define Cultural Geography?
2) Describe how a culture can influence tourism? Give examples.
3) List some of the cultural variable elements that differ from place to place?
4) Discuss why language is one of the most important aspect of culture?
5) Describe how food and clothing can affect cultural destination?
6) Give examples of religious destinations?
7) Describe who might go to the following cities and indicate why?
a) Spain
b) Italy
c) Montreal
8) Define folk culture. Describe why tourists may seek to travel to rural areas?