CCIE BGP Chinese Edition

BGP
................................................................................................................................. 2
BGP AS ............................................................................................................................. 3
BGP ......................................................................................................................... 4
BGP ..................................................................................................................... 6
BGP TTL ............................................................................................................................ 8
BGP AS_Path ..................................................................................................................... 8
BGP ................................................................................................................... 11
BGP Synchronization ........................................................................................................ 12
Path Attributes ................................................................................................................ 14
BGP RIB-Failure ............................................................................................................... 21
BGP........................................................................................................... 22
BGP.................................................................................................................. 26
BGP ................................................................................................................ 82
BGP ...............................................................................................................102
BGP ...............................................................................................................104
BGP.................................................................................................................111
BGP Peer Group ..............................................................................................................117
BGP Community .............................................................................................................128
BGP Reflector(BGP) ..............................................................................................156
BGP Confederation(BGP) ..........................................................................................176
BGP ...............................................................................................................195
BGP Dampening..............................................................................................................205
BGPIGP............................................................................................................218
http://bbs.hh010.com

IP
IP IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP
autonomous systemAS
AS
AS AS
AS Interior Gateway Protocol
(IGP) AS AS Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
AS
AS AS ISP ISP
ISP
AS
AS IGP RIPEIGRPOSPFIS-IS
AS BGPEIGRP
AS EIGRP AS
EIGRP AS AS EIGRP AS
EIGRP AS BGP AS
AS BGP AS EIGRP AS
BGP AS
BGP classless interdomain routing (CIDR)
BGP AS
BGP AS Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA)
IOS BGP 4 AS
AS 2009 1 2
AS 1-65535 2009 1 (IANA) 4 AS
65536 -4294967295
2 AS 1-65535 4 AS
BGP BGP AS
AS BGP
IANA AS BGP ISP
AS AS AS
AS AS 1-64511 AS 64512-65534 AS
AS AS
AS
AS ISP AS
BGP
PC FTP PC FTP
PC ping FTP
FTP PC
PC FTP TCP
BGP
BGP
BGP TCP
179 179
BGP TCP BGP
ping BGP
BGP BGP-Speaker BGP

BGP-Peer
OSPF OSPF
OSPF BGP BGP
BGP
BGP IP BGP
IP
IP Version 4 (IPv4),
IP Version 6 (IPv6),
Virtual Private Networks version 4 (VPNv4),
Connectionless Network Services (CLNS),
Layer 2 VPN (L2VPN).
address family address family

Ipv4 address family
BGP NLRI address family
AFI MPLS AFI NLRI NLRI
Ipv4
IOS AFI IPv4, IPv6, CLNS, VPNv4 IPv4 IPv6
BGP version 4 BGP

AS address family
address family BGP
Ipv4
BGP AS BGP
AS internal BGP (iBGP)
AS external BGP (eBGP)BGP eBGP
iBGP
BGP
BGP hello
Keepalive 60 hold timer 180 180
Keepalive
BGP
IdleBGP BGP
peer TCP peer
idle
Connect peer TCP
Active peer TCP idle
OpenSent TCP BGP OPEN peer
OpenSent Active
OpenReceive peer OPEN keepalive
keepalive Established notification idle
notification idle
Established peer keepalive
keepalive hold timer notification idle
BGP
BGP BGP BGP
BGP
IP IP BGP
IP
BGP
BGP IP BGP
BGP
IP BGP
IP BGP
BGP
IP BGP
IP BGP
BGP BGP
R1 R2 BGP R1
12.1.1.2R2 12.1.1.1R1
F0/0 IP 12.1.1.2BGP F0/0
12.1.1.1 R2 F0/0 IP
12.1.1.1BGP F0/0 12.1.1.2 R1
IP12.1.1.2 R2 BGP 12.1.1.2 BGP
R1 R2 IP R1
R1 R2 F0/0 S0/0
R1 10.1.1.1R2 20.1.1.2
IP BGP
BGP BGP
loopback
BGP loopback
TCP
loopback
BGP BGP loopback

IP BGP BGP
loopback BGP
R1 2.2.2.2BGP 1.1.1.1 R2
1.1.1.1BGP 2.2.2.2 IP
BGP
BGP
BGP TTL
BGP AS BGP
AS internal BGP (iBGP)
AS external BGP (eBGP)
BGP DOS BGP BGP eBGP
iBGP BGP
TTL eBGP TTL 1
eBGP iBGP iBGP
TTL 255 eBGP TTL
255
BGP AS_Path
BGP AS AS AS
BGP AS
AS BGP
AS eBGP AS
AS AS AS
AS AS AS-path BGP
AS_PATH AS
BGP eBGP
AS-path AS iBGP AS
iBGP AS AS
AS eBGP AS-path
AS AS AS-path AS 10
AS 20 AS-path 10 AS 20 AS 30
AS 20 AS-path 20,10 AS 30 AS 50
AS 50 AS-path 30,20,10 AS 30 AS 40AS 40
AS 10 AS-path 40,30,20,10 AS 10
AS-path AS 10
IGP
BGP path-vector routing
AS-path
BGP eBGP AS AS-path
iBGP AS-path AS
iBGP iBGP
BGP AS
BGP eBGP iBGP iBGP
iBGP eBGP BGP

BGP iBGP iBGP
eBGP
R1 eBGP R6 iBGP
R3 R4 R3 iBGP R1 iBGP
eBGP R3 R1 eBGP R5
R3 R4 R1 iBGP R2
R2 R2 R1 R2
BGP AS iBGP
AS 20
AS iBGP BGP Reflector(BGP

) BGP ConfederationBGP
BGP
BGP BGP BGP
BGP BGP
IGP
show ip route IGP IGP
IGP BGP
BGP show ip bgp BGP
BGP BGP BGP
BGP BGP
BGP BGP
BGP BGP
BGP IGP BGP
BGP BGP
BGP
BGP eBGP iBGP BGP AD

BGP eBGP AD 20 eBGP
IGP iBGP AD 200
IGP BGP AD BGP
BGP BGP AD 200
iBGP AD IGP
eBGP iBGP
AD BGP
AD
BGP Synchronization
BGP TCP
TCP IGP
TCP
TCP BGP AS
BGP IGP BGP
IGP
AS IGP BGP
TCP BGP BGP
BGP IGP
IGP BGP
BGP BGP
TCP BGP
IGP IGP BGP

BGP BGP
BGP IGP IGP
R1 R4 eBGP R3 R5 eBGP R1
R3 iBGP R1 R3 iBGP R1 3.3.3.3
R3R1 BGP 1.1.1.1 R3 1.1.1.1 R1
R3 BGP 3.3.3.3 1.1.1.1 3.3.3.3
TCP R1R2R3 IGP OSPFOSPF 1.1.1.1
3.3.3.3 AS
AS 10 R4 10.1.1.0/24 AS 20 R1 R1 R3
iBGP R1 10.1.1.0/24 R3 R3
10.1.1.0/24 AS 30 R5 R5 10.1.1.0/24 R3
R3 10.1.1.0/24 iBGP 1.1.1.1
R3 1.1.1.1 R1 R3
OSPF R3 1.1.1.1 R2
23.1.1.2 R2 OSPF BGP R2 BGP
10.1.1.0/24 R2 10.1.1.0/24
BGP iBGP
IGP BGP IGP
IGP BGP
AS IGP
BGP BGP
BGP iBGP
eBGP IGP
iBGP IGP
R3 iBGP R1 eBGP R5
IGP
IGP show ip route
iBGP iBGP IGP
eBGP
BGP IOS 12.2(8)T
Path Attributes
BGP
IGP
metric BGP
BGP metric BGP
Path Attributes
BGP BGP
Well-Known Mandatory
Well-Known Discretionary
Optional Transitive
Optional Nontransitive
Well-Known Mandatory
BGP
BGP
BGP
BGP BGP
BGP OriginNext_HopAS-path
Well-Known Discretionary
BGP
BGP
Optional Transitive
BGP
BGP
BGP
Optional Nontransitive
BGP
BGP
BGP
1Origin
BGP BGP
BGP BGP
BGP BGP
BGP BGP
Origin Origin
BGP BGP
IGP show ip route
IGP BGP BGP
network IGP BGP
network IGP BGP
BGP network BGP
Origin IGP
BGP EGP EGP BGP
EGP EGP Origin
EGP
BGP IGP EGP BGP
Origin Incomplete
BGP Origin
IGP EGPEGP Incomplete
IGP>EGP>Incomplete
2AS_Path
AS_Path BGP AS AS_Path
AS
AS_Path
AS_SEQUENCE AS AS AS_Path
AS_SET AS AS AS_Path
AS_Path
BGP AS-Path
3Next_Hop
BGP BGP BGP
BGP TCP
IGP BGP
IGP
BGP eBGP Next-hop
iBGP
Next-hop
BGP Next-hop
BGP BGP
Next-hop 0.0.0.0
4Local_Pref
Local_Pref Local AS AS
Local_Pref AS
Local_Pref AS AS
Local_Pref BGP iBGP

eBGP Local_Pref Local_Pref
AS BGP Local_Pref 100

AS 100
100
BGP Local_Pref
Local_Pref 110 100 110
Local_Pref AS
Local_Pref AS AS
AS 10 BGP R3 R1 R2 AS 20
R4 AS 10 Local_Pref
R1 Local_Pref 110 R2 R3
R1 AS 20 R1 Local_Pref 110 R2 Local_Pref
100 R3 R1
R1 R2 iBGP R3 Local_Pref R3
iBGP R1 iBGP R2 Local_Pref
iBGP iBGP Local_Pref
5MULTI_EXIT_DISCMED
MED BGP metric eBGP

iBGP Local_Pref
eBGP MEDMED BGP
metric MED MED 0
Local_Pref AS MED AS
eBGP MED iBGP MED
MED eBGP eBGP
iBGP 0 AS
iBGP MED 0 AS
MED
AS 20 R4 AS 10
R1 R2 eBGP MED R4
R2 MED 10 R1 MED R4 R1
AS 10 R1 MED 0 R2 MED 10
eBGP AS
MED eBGP AS MED
eBGP MED BGP bgp
always-compare-med
6.Weight
Weight Cisco Cisco Weight
Weight BGP
WeightWeight 0~65535 0 BGP Weight
32768 Weight
Weight
BGP Weight
Cisco Weight
Weight Cisco BGP
BGP RIB-Failure
BGP BGP BGP
BGP BGP
BGP BGP
BGP
iBGP IGP iBGP
BGP RIB-Failure RIB-Failure
IGP BGP AD
VRF
BGP
IP TCP
AS
BGP eBGP TTL 1
BGP IP IP
BGP
BGP
BGP
BGP
BGP
BGP
1. Weight
Weight Weight Cisco
Weight 0 32768
2. LOCAL_PREF
Weight LOCAL_PREF 100
3.
LOCAL_PREF BGP
0.0.0.0 BGP
network IGP BGP
network
4. AS_PATH
AS_PATH
bgp bestpath aspath ignore AS_PATH
AS_SET 1 AS
AS_SET AS BGP AS
5. Origin
AS_PATH Origin Origin
BGP BGP IGP
EGP IGP EGPEGP Incomplete
IGP>EGP>Incomplete
6. MED
Origin MED
AS MED AS
MED BGP bgp always-compare-med
AS MED 0
MED 0
7.eBGP iBGP
MED eBGP iBGP

eBGP AD 20 iBGP AD 200 BGP
eBGP iBGP AD
AD BGP
8. IGP metric
eBGP iBGP IGP metric
9.
BGP
BGP
BGP
maximum-paths n eBGP
maximum-paths ibgp n iBGP
n 6 1
eBGP iBGP maximum-paths eibgp

n Ipv4 VRF MPLS VPN eBGP iBGP
10. eBGP

BGP bgp best path comparerouterid
IOS Router-ID
11. Router-ID
BGP Router-ID OSPF Router-ID
12. cluster list AS_PATH

[cluster list BGP reflector (RR) AS_PATH]
13.
TCP
BGP
Loopback
R1
Loopback 0
1.1.1.1/32
Loopback 11
11.1.1.1/24
R2
Loopback 0
2.2.2.2/32
Loopback 22
22.2.2.2/24
R3
Loopback 0
3.3.3.3/32
Loopback 33
33.3.3.3/24
R4
Loopback 0
4.4.4.4/32
Loopback 44
44.4.4.4/24
OSPF Loopback 0 OSPF

Loopback 0 BGP
1.IGP Loopback 0
OSPF Loopback 0 BGP
1 OSPF
R1
r1(config)#router ospf 1
r1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1
r1(config-router)#network 12.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
R2
R3

R4
Loopback 0 OSPF
2. IGP
1 R1 OSPF
r1#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID
Time
Pri
Address
3.3.3.3
State
Dead
Interface
1
FULL/BDR
00:00:34
13.1.1.3
stEthernet0/1
Fa
2.2.2.2
FULL/BDR
00:00:38
12.1.1.2
Fa
stEthernet0/0
r1#
R1 R2 R3 OSPF
2 R4 OSPF
r4#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID
Time
Pri
Address
3.3.3.3
State
Dead
Interface
1
FULL/DR
00:00:34
34.1.1.3
Fa
FULL/DR
00:00:29
24.1.1.2
Fa
stEthernet0/0
2.2.2.2
stEthernet0/1
r4#
R4 R2 R3 OSPF
3 R1 loopback 0
r1#ping 2.2.2.2 source loopback 0
Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 1.1.1.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 ms
r1#

!!!!!

!!!!!
r1#
loopback 0 BGP
3. BGP
1 R1 R2 BGP
r1(config)#router bgp 1
r1(config-router)#bgp router-id 1.1.1.1
r1(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 remote-as 1
R1 Router-ID 2.2.2.2 AS 1
2 R1 R2 BGP
R2 Router-ID 1.1.1.1 AS 1
(3) BGP
r1#show ip bgp summary
BGP router identifier 1.1.1.1, local AS number 1
BGP table version is 1, main routing table version 1
Neighbor
Up/Down
AS MsgRcvd MsgSent
TblVer
InQ OutQ
State/PfxRcd
2.2.2.2
never
Active
r1#
R1 R2 BGP 2.2.2.2
12.1.1.2 1.1.1.1 12.1.1.1
4 R1 BGP
r1(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 update-source loopback 0
R1 loopback 0 1.1.1.1 R2
1.1.1.1 R1
5 R1 BGP
r1#show ip bgp summary
Neighbor
Up/Down
TblVer
InQ OutQ
State/PfxRcd
2.2.2.2
00:05:43
AS MsgRcvd MsgSent
r1#
R1 R2 BGP
6 R2 BGP
R1 R2 BGP
R2 R1
4. R2 R4 BGP
1 R2 BGP
R2 4.4.4.4 AS 4 R2 loopback 0
2.2.2.2
2 R4 BGP
R4 Router-ID 2.2.2.2 AS 1R4
4.4.4.4
3 BGP
r2#sh ip bgp summary
Neighbor
Up/Down
TblVer
InQ OutQ
State/PfxRcd
1.1.1.1
00:08:45
12
12
4.4.4.4
never
AS MsgRcvd MsgSent
Idle
r2#
R2 R4 eBGP
hello TTL 1 R2 2.2.2.2
R4 4.4.4.4 TTL
4 R2 R4 TTL
r2(config-router)#neighbor 4.4.4.4 ebgp-multihop
R2 R4 TTL 255
5 BGP
Neighbor
Up/Down
AS MsgRcvd MsgSent
TblVer
InQ OutQ
State/PfxRcd
1.1.1.1
00:10:27
14
14
4.4.4.4
00:00:16
r2#

5. BGP
1 BGP
R1
r1#sh ip bgp
r1#
R2
r2#sh ip bgp
r2#
R4
r4#sh ip bgp
r4#
BGP
2 R1 BGP
r1(config-router)#network 11.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
11.1.1.0/24 BGP network
IGP show ip route

BGP
3 R1 BGP
1#sh ip bgp
BGP table version is 2, local router ID is 1.1.1.1
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i internal,

r RIB-failure, S Stale
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
Metric LocPrf Weight Path

0
32768 i
r1#
R1 network 11.1.1.0/24 BGP
Next Hop 0.0.0.0 weight 32768 i

origin IGP IGP BGP
4 R2 BGP
r2(config)#route-map loop permit 10
r2(config-route-map)#match interface loopback 22
r2(config-router)#redistribute connected route-map loop
R2 22.2.2.0/24 BGP
5 R2 BGP
r2#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
* i11.1.1.0/24
1.1.1.1
*> 22.2.2.0/24
0.0.0.0
100
0 i
32768 ?
r2#
R2 BGP
Next Hop 0.0.0.0 weight 32768

origin incomplete 11.1.1.0/24 R1
1.1.1.1 i iBGP
i origin IGP
6 R4 BGP
network 44.4.4.0/24 BGP
7 R4 BGP
r4#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
*> 44.4.4.0/24
0.0.0.0
0 1 ?
32768 i
r4#
R4 network BGP
Next Hop 0.0.0.0 weight 32768 origin IGP

22.2.2.0/24 eBGP R2 2.2.2.2
? origin incomplete
6. BGP
1 R1 BGP
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
* i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 ?
* i44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
100
0 4 i
32768 i
r1#
R1 11.1.1.0/24
> BGP 22.2.2.0/24

44.4.4.0/24 > BGP
i
iBGP iBGP IGP
2 R1 iBGP IGP
r1(config-router)#no synchronization
3 R1 BGP
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 ?
*>i44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
100
0 4 i
32768 i
r1#
iBGP IGP
4 R4 BGP
r4#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
*> 44.4.4.0/24
0.0.0.0
0 1 ?
32768 i
r4#
R4 iBGP IGP
R1 11.1.1.0/24
5 R2 BGP
r2#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
* i11.1.1.0/24
1.1.1.1
*> 22.2.2.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
100
0 i
32768 ?
0 4 i
r2#
11.1.1.0/24 iBGP iBGP IGP
R4
6 R2 iBGP IGP
r2(config-router)#no synchronization
7 R2 BGP
r2#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*>i11.1.1.0/24
1.1.1.1
*> 22.2.2.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
100
0 i
32768 ?
0 4 i
r2#
iBGP IGP
8 R4 BGP
r4#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
*> 22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
*> 44.4.4.0/24
0.0.0.0
0 1 i
0 1 ?
32768 i
r4#
R1R2R4
RIB failure
1.R4 OSPF
1R4 OSPF
r4(config)#int loopback 100
r4(config-if)#ip address 100.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
r4(config-if)#ip ospf network point-to-point
R4 100.1.1.0/24 OSPF
2R4 100.1.1.0/24 BGP

3 R4 BGP
r4#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
*> 22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
*> 44.4.4.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
*> 100.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
0 1 i
0 1 ?
r4#
100.1.1.0/24 BGP 0.0.0.0
weight 32768
2. RIB failure
1 R2 BGP
r2#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*>i11.1.1.0/24
1.1.1.1
*> 22.2.2.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 i
*> 100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 i
100
0 i
32768 ?
r2#
R2 eBGP R4 100.1.1.0/24 AD 20
OSPF AD 110 OSPF AD BGP AD BGP
2 R1 BGP
r1#sh ip bgp

Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 ?
*>i44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
100
0 4 i
r>i100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
100
0 4 i
32768 i
r1#
R2 iBGP R2 100.1.1.0/24 AD 200
OSPF AD 110 OSPF AD BGP AD BGP

RIB failure r
(3) R1 RIB failure

r1#sh ip bgp rib-failure
Network
Next Hop
RIB-failure
Matches
100.1.1.0/24
distance
4.4.4.4
Higher admin
n/a
r1#
RIB-NH
100.1.1.0/24 RIB failure BGP
AD
BGP
1. R1R2R3R4 BGP
1 R3 BGP
R1
R3

R4
2 R3 BGP
r3#sh ip bg summary
3 network entries using 351 bytes of memory
3 path entries using 156 bytes of memory
3/2 BGP path/bestpath attribute entries using 372 bytes of memory
1 BGP AS-PATH entries using 24 bytes of memory
0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
BGP using 903 total bytes of memory
BGP activity 3/0 prefixes, 3/0 paths, scan interval 60 secs
Neighbor
Up/Down
AS MsgRcvd MsgSent
TblVer
InQ OutQ
State/PfxRcd
1.1.1.1
00:02:08
4.4.4.4
00:00:08
r3#
R3 BGP
2. AS 1
1 R1 BGP
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
32768 i
100
0 ?
* i44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
100
0 4 i
*>i
4.4.4.4
100
0 4 i
r i100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
100
0 4 i
r>i
4.4.4.4
100
0 4 i
r1#
R1 iBGP R4 44.4.4.0
4.4.4.4 R2 R3
2 R2 R3 R1
r2(config-router)#neighbor 1.1.1.1 next-hop-self
3 R1 BGP
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 ?
* i44.4.4.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
*>i
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 i
r i100.1.1.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
r>i
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 i
32768 i
r1#
44.4.4.0/24 R2 R3
R1 R2 R3 R4 44.4.4.0/24
R4 R2 R3 R1 11.1.1.0/24
1. Weight
2. LOCAL_PREF
3.
4. AS_PATH
5. Origin
6. MED
7.eBGP iBGP
8. IGP metric
9.
10. eBGP
11. Router-ID
12. cluster list AS_PATH
13.
13
Router-ID
R2 R3 Router-ID
1 R3 Router-ID R2
r3(config-router)#
2 R1 44.4.4.0/24
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 ?
* i44.4.4.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
*>i
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 i
r i100.1.1.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
r>i
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 i
32768 i
r1#
R1 44.4.4.0/24 R2
12 cluster list
cluster list BGP Route Reflector (RR)
11 Router-ID
Router-ID
1 R3 Router-ID
R3 Router-ID 1.1.1.3
2 R1 44.4.4.0/24
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
32768 i
100
0 ?
*>i44.4.4.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
* i
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 i
r>i100.1.1.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
r i
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 i
r1#
R2 Router-ID 2.2.2.2 R3 Router-ID 1.1.1.3
Router-ID R3
10 eBGP
eBGP R4
R2 R2 11.1.1.0/24
1 R4 11.1.1.0/24
r4#sh ip bgp
*
*>
Network
Next Hop
11.1.1.0/24
3.3.3.3
0 1 i
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
0 1 ?
*> 44.4.4.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
*> 100.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
r4#
R4 R2 11.1.1.0/24
(2) R2 R3
r4#sh ip bg summary
3 BGP path attribute entries using 180 bytes of memory
Neighbor
Up/Down
AS MsgRcvd MsgSent
TblVer
InQ OutQ
State/PfxRcd
2.2.2.2
00:43:27
51
49
27
33
3.3.3.3
00:02:23
r4#
R2 R3 R2
3 R2
r4(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 shutdown
r4(config-router)#
*Mar
1 01:16:09.823: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 2.2.2.2 Down Admin.
shutdown
r4(config-router)#no neighbor 2.2.2.2 shutdown
r4(config-router)#
*Mar
1 01:16:37.452: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 2.2.2.2 Up
r4(config-router)#
R2
4
r4#sh ip bg summary

3 BGP path attribute entries using 180 bytes of memory
Neighbor
Up/Down
AS MsgRcvd MsgSent
TblVer
InQ OutQ
State/PfxRcd
2.2.2.2
00:00:27
57
55
10
28
36
10
3.3.3.3
00:03:45
r4#
R3 R2
5 R4 11.1.1.0/24
r4#sh ip bgp

Network
Next Hop
11.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
*>
3.3.3.3
0 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
*> 44.4.4.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
*> 100.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
0 1 ?
r4#
R3 R2 R3
9 BGP
8 BGP 8
1 R1 44.4.4.0/24
r1#sh ip route bgp
22.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
B
22.2.2.0 [200/0] via 2.2.2.2, 00:38:33

B
44.4.4.0 [200/0] via 3.3.3.3, 00:05:12
r1#
R1 44.4.0/24 R3
2 BGP
r1(config-router)#maximum-paths ibgp 2
iBGP iBGP
3 R1 44.4.0/24
r1#sh ip route bgp
B
22.2.2.0 [200/0] via 2.2.2.2, 00:39:16

44.4.4.0 [200/0] via 2.2.2.2, 00:00:18

[200/0] via 3.3.3.3, 00:00:18
r1#
R1 44.4.4.0/24
4 R4 11.1.1.0/24
r4#sh ip route bgp

B
22.2.2.0 [20/0] via 2.2.2.2, 00:03:03

11.1.1.0 [20/0] via 3.3.3.3, 00:03:31
r4#
R4 11.1.1.0/24
5 R4 11.1.1.0/24
r4(config-router)#maximum-paths 2
eBGP eBGP
6 R4 11.1.1.0/24
r4#sh ip route bgp
B
22.2.2.0 [20/0] via 2.2.2.2, 00:03:33

11.1.1.0 [20/0] via 2.2.2.2, 00:00:15

[20/0] via 3.3.3.3, 00:00:15
r4#
R4 11.1.1.0/24
8 IGP metric
IGP metric
1 R1 44.4.4.0/24
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 ?
* i44.4.4.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 i
*>i
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
r i100.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 i
r>i
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
32768 i
r1#
R1 R3 44.4.0/24 IGP metric
2 R2 R3 IGP metric
r1#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter
area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set

O
34.1.1.0 [110/2] via 13.1.1.3, 00:28:17, FastEthernet0/1

1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback0


[110/3] via 13.1.1.3, 00:28:17, FastEthernet0/1

O


22.2.2.0 [200/0] via 2.2.2.2, 00:41:12



12.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0


44.4.4.0 [200/0] via 2.2.2.2, 00:02:14

[200/0] via 3.3.3.3, 00:02:14
r1#
R2 R3 IGP metric
3 R3 IGP metric R2
r1(config)#int f0/1
r1(config-if)#ip ospf cost 2
4 R2 R3 IGP metric
r1#sh ip route
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter
area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route

O






22.2.2.0 [200/0] via 2.2.2.2, 00:43:18





44.4.4.0 [200/0] via 2.2.2.2, 00:00:14
r1#
R2 metric 2, R3 metric 3 R2
5 R1 44.4.4.0/24
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 ?
*>i44.4.4.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 i
* i
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
r>i100.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 i
r i
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
32768 i
r1#
R2 IGP
metric R3 R2
eBGP iBGP
eBGP iBGP
MED
MED MED 0
MED eBGP AS
MED MED R1
44.4.4.0/24
1 R1 44.4.4.0/24
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 ?
*>i44.4.4.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 i
32768 i
* i
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
r>i100.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 i
r i
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
r1#
R2 R3 MED 0
2 R2 MED R3
r1(config)#access-list 44 permit 44.4.4.0
r1(config)#route-map med permit 10

r1(config-route-map)#match ip address 44
r1(config-route-map)#set metric 44
r1(config-route-map)#exit
r1(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 route-map med in
r1(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 soft-reconfiguration inbound
BGP in
3 R1 44.4.4.0/24
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 ?
* i44.4.4.0/24
2.2.2.2
44
100
0 4 i
*>i
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
r>i100.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 i
r i
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
32768 i
r1#
R3 MED R2 R3
R4 MED
5 Origin
IGP EGPEGP Incomplete IGP>EGP>Incomplete
1 R1 44.4.4.0/24
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 ?
* i44.4.4.0/24
2.2.2.2
44
100
0 4 i
*>i
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
r>i100.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 i
r i
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
32768 i
r1#
origin IGP
2 R3 origin incomplete R2
r1(config)#route-map ori permit 10

r1(config-route-map)#set origin incomplete
r1(config)#route-map ori permit 20
r1(config-router)#neighbor 3.3.3.3 route-map ori in
3 R1 44.4.4.0/24
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0

0
32768 i
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 ?
*>i44.4.4.0/24
2.2.2.2
44
100
0 4 i
* i
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 ?
r>i100.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 i
r i
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
r1#
R3 origin incompleteR2 origin IGP
R2
4 AS_PATH
AS_Path eBGP iBGP AS_Path
R4 eBGP R2 R3 11.1.1.0
1 R4 11.1.1.0/24
r4#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
11.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
*>
3.3.3.3
0 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
*> 44.4.4.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
*> 100.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
0 1 ?
r4#
R2 R3 AS_Path
2 R3 AS_Path R2
r4(config)#route-map as permit 10
r4(config-route-map)#set as-path prepend 3
r4(config)#route-map as permit 20
r4(config-router)#neighbor 3.3.3.3 route-map as in
3 R4 11.1.1.0/24
r4#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
3.3.3.3
0 3 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
*> 44.4.4.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
*> 100.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
0 1 ?
r4#
R3 AS_Path R2 R2
BGP
2 LOCAL_PREF
LOCAL_PREF iBGP AS
LOCAL_PREF LOCAL_PREF
R4 11.1.1.0/24
(1) R4 11.1.1.0/24
r4#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
3.3.3.3
0 3 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
*> 44.4.4.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
*> 100.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
0 1 ?
r4#
R2
2 R3 LOCAL_PREF R2 R3
r4(config)#route-map r3 permit 10
r4(config-route-map)#set local-preference 3
r4(config-route-map)#set local-preference 2
r4(config-router)#neighbor 3.3.3.3 route-map r3 in
r4(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 route-map r2 in
3 R4 11.1.1.0/24
r4#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
11.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
*>
3.3.3.3
0 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
*> 44.4.4.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
*> 100.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
0 1 ?
r4#
R3 LOCAL_PREF R2 R3
R1 LOCAL_PREF
Weight
Weight Weight
1 R1 44.4.4.0/24
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 ?
* i44.4.4.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 ?
*>i
2.2.2.2
44
100
0 4 i
r i100.1.1.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
r>i
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 i
32768 i
r1#
R2
2 R3 weight R3
r1(config-router)#neighbor 3.3.3.3 weight 3
3 R1 44.4.4.0/24
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 ?
* i44.4.4.0/24
2.2.2.2
44
100
0 4 i
*>i
3.3.3.3
100
3 4 ?
r i100.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 i
r>i
3.3.3.3
100
3 4 i
32768 i
r1#
R3 weight R2 R3
BGP
BGP
BGP
BGP
BGP
AS_Path AS_Path
AS_Path
BGP BGP
atomic-aggregate
BGP AS_Path
AS_Path AS_Path
AS-SETAS-SET AS_Path AS_Path
AS 15AS 25AS 35AS 45 AS-SET
{35154525} AS-SET
atomic-aggregate
atomic-aggregate AS-SET AS-SET

AS AS-SET AS AS_Path
1 AS
BGP
AD 200 0.0.0.0
BGP
1
2 BGP
BGP
Loopback
R1
Loopback 0
1.1.1.1/32
Loopback 11
11.1.1.1/24
R2
Loopback 0
2.2.2.2/32
Loopback 22
22.2.2.2/24
R3
Loopback 0
3.3.3.3/32
Loopback 33
33.3.3.3/24
R4
Loopback 0
4.4.4.4/32
Loopback 44
44.4.4.4/24
R5
Loopback 0
5.5.5.5/32
Loopback 55
55.5.5.5/24
R6
Loopback 0
6.6.6.6/32
Loopback 66
66.6.6.6/24

Loopback 0
1.IGP Loopback 0
1 OSPF

2 Loopback 0

!!!!!

!!!!!

!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/74/116
ms

!!!!!
ms

!!!!!

ms
r1#
Loopback 0
2. BGP
1 R1 BGP
2 R2 BGP

3 R3 BGP
4 R4 BGP

5 R5 BGP
6 R6 BGP
3. BGP
1 R1 R6 BGP

r6(config-if)#ip address 100.1.3.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R1 R6 BGP
2 R5 BGP
r5#sh ip bgp

Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 55.5.5.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 66.6.6.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
*> 100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 100.1.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
0 4 i
32768 i
r5#
R5 R1 R6 100.1.1.0/24, 100.1.2.0/24,
100.1.3.0/24 AS_Path 4,6 4,1 AS 1

AS4 AS 4
3 R4 BGP
r4(config-router)#aggregate-address 100.1.0.0 255.255.252.0

100.1.0.0/22
4. BGP
(1) R5 BGP
r5#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 55.5.5.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 66.6.6.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 100.1.0.0/22
4.4.4.4
*> 100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 100.1.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
0 4 i
32768 i
0 4 6 i
0 4 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
r5#
R5 BGP 100.1.0.0/22
100.1.0.0/22 AS_Path 4 AS_Path
2 atomic-aggregate
r5#sh ip bgp 100.1.0.0
BGP routing table entry for 100.1.0.0/22, version 32
Paths: (1 available, best #1, table Default-IP-Routing-Table)
Not advertised to any peer
4, (aggregated by 4 4.4.4.4)
4.4.4.4 (metric 65) from 4.4.4.4 (4.4.4.4)
Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, external,
atomic-aggregate, best
r5#
100.1.0.0/22
atomic-aggregate
5. BGP
1 AS-SET
r4(config-router)#aggregate-address 100.1.0.0 255.255.252.0 as-set
R4 AS-SET AS_Path
2 R5 BGP
r5#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 55.5.5.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 66.6.6.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 100.1.0.0/22
4.4.4.4
*> 100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 100.1.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
0 4 i
32768 i
0 4 6 i
0 4 {1,6} i
r5#
100.1.0.0/22 AS_Path
3 atomic-aggregate
r5#sh ip bgp 100.1.0.0
Flag: 0x820
4 {1,6}, (aggregated by 4 4.4.4.4)
4.4.4.4 (metric 65) from 4.4.4.4 (4.4.4.4)
Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, external, best
r5#
100.1.0.0/22
atomic-aggregate
6. BGP
1 R4
r4(config)#route-map sup permit 10
suppress-map sup
100.1.1.0/24 route-map suppress-map route-map
2 R5 BGP
r5#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 55.5.5.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 66.6.6.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 100.1.0.0/22
4.4.4.4
0 4 i
32768 i
0 4 6 i
0 4 {1,6} i
*> 100.1.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
r5#
R5 100.1.1.0/24
3 R4
summary-only
R4
4 R5 BGP
r5#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 i
*> 55.5.5.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 66.6.6.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 100.1.0.0/22
4.4.4.4
32768 i
0 4 6 i
0 4 {1,6} i
r5#
R5
5 R4
r4#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
3.3.3.3
0 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
0 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 55.5.5.0/24
5.5.5.5
0 5 i
*> 66.6.6.0/24
6.6.6.6
0 6 i
32768 i
*> 100.1.0.0/22
0.0.0.0
3.3.3.3
0 1 i
s>
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
s> 100.1.2.0/24
6.6.6.6
0 6 i
s> 100.1.3.0/24
6.6.6.6
0 6 i
100.1.1.0/24
100
32768 {1,6} i
r4#
s
6
r4(config)#route-map unsup permit 10

r4(config-router)#neighbor 5.5.5.5 unsuppress-map unsup
unsuppress-map
7 R5 BGP
r5#sh ip bgp

Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 55.5.5.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 66.6.6.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 100.1.0.0/22
4.4.4.4
*> 100.1.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 i
32768 i
0 4 6 i
0 4 {1,6} i
0 4 6 i
r5#
R4 100.1.3.0/24 R5
7.
1 R4 BGP
r4(config)#ip route 100.1.0.0 255.255.252.0 null 0
r4(config-router)#redistribute static
null 0
BGP
2 R5
r5#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 55.5.5.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 66.6.6.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 100.1.0.0/22
4.4.4.4
*> 100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 i
32768 i
0 4 6 i
0 4 ?
0 4 1 i
*> 100.1.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
R5
R5
BGP
BGP
BGP
BGP
1. BGP
(1) R4 BGP
r4(config-router)#default-information originate

2 R5
r5#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 0.0.0.0
4.4.4.4
0 4 ?
*> 11.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 55.5.5.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 66.6.6.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 100.1.0.0/22
4.4.4.4
*> 100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 100.1.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
*> 200.0.0.0/8
4.4.4.4
0 4 i
32768 i
0 4 6 i
0 4 ?
0 4 ?
r5#
R5 R4
3
r4(config-router)#neighbor 5.5.5.5 default-originate

BGP
BGP access-list
prefix-list BGP
BGP AS_Path IP
AS_Path AS_Path Regular
Expressions () AS Regular Expressions (
)
^
_
.*
^123$
AS 123
^$
AS AS
^12[0-3]$
120
121
122
123
^12.
12 120 129 AS
_12_
AS 12
BGP
BGP
1. R5 As-path filter
1 R5
r5#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 55.5.5.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 66.6.6.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 100.1.0.0/22
4.4.4.4
*> 100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 100.1.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
0 4 i
32768 i
0 4 6 i
0 4 {1,6} i
r5#
R5
2 AS 6
r5(config)#ip as-path access-list 5 permit ^6$
r5(config-router)#neighbor 4.4.4.4 filter-list 5 in
R5 As-path filter
(3)
r5#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 55.5.5.0/24
0.0.0.0

0
32768 i
r5#
^6$
AS 6
3 AS 6
r5(config)#ip as-path access-list 55 permit _6$
r5(config-router)#neighbor 4.4.4.4 filter-list 55 in
AS 6 _6$ AS _
4
r5#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 55.5.5.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 66.6.6.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
*> 100.1.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
32768 i
r5#
As-path filter AS 6
2. R4 distribute-list
1
r4(config-router)#distribute-list 2 in
100.1.2.0
r4#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 44.4.4.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 100.1.0.0/22
0.0.0.0

0
32768 i
100
32768 {1,6} i
*> 100.1.2.0/24
6.6.6.6
0 6 i
r4#
100.1.2.0
3
r4(config-router)#no distribute-list 2 in
r4(config-router)#neighbor 6.6.6.6 distribute-list 2 in
R6
4
r4#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
11.1.1.0/24
3.3.3.3
0 1 i
*>
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
*> 44.4.4.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 55.5.5.0/24
5.5.5.5
*> 100.1.0.0/22
0.0.0.0
3.3.3.3
0 1 i
*>
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
*> 100.1.2.0/24
6.6.6.6
100.1.1.0/24
0 1 i
32768 i
0 5 i
100
32768 {1,6} i
0 6 i
r4#
R6 100.1.2.0
BGP
BGP
BGP
BGP route-map advertise map exist map

route-map access list IP prefix listBGP
exist map BGP advertise map
nonexist map
advertise map
BGP IOS
BGP
BGP
R4 100.1.2.0 BGP 5.5.5.5

11.1.1.0
1. BGP
1 R5
r5#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 66.6.6.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 i
0 4 6 i
*> 100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 100.1.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
r5#
R5 11.1.1.0
2 R4
r4#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
11.1.1.0/24
3.3.3.3
0 1 i
*>
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
0 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 55.5.5.0/24
5.5.5.5
0 5 i
*> 66.6.6.0/24
6.6.6.6
0 6 i
32768 i
100.1.1.0/24
3.3.3.3
0 1 i
*>
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
*> 100.1.2.0/24
6.6.6.6
0 6 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
6.6.6.6
0 6 i
r4#
R4 11.1.1.0 100.1.2.0
3 R4 BGP
r4(config)#route-map adv permit 10

r4(config)#route-map exi permit 10

r4(config-router)#neighbor 5.5.5.5 advertise-map adv exist-map exi
100.1.2.0 BGP 5.5.5.5
11.1.1.0
4 100.1.2.0
r6(config-router)#no network 100.1.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0
100.1.2.0
5 R4 BGP
r4#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
11.1.1.0/24
3.3.3.3
0 1 i
*>
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
0 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 55.5.5.0/24
5.5.5.5
0 5 i
*> 66.6.6.0/24
6.6.6.6
0 6 i
32768 i
100.1.1.0/24
3.3.3.3
0 1 i
*>
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
6.6.6.6
0 6 i
r4#
100.1.2.0 BGP
6 R5 BGP
r5#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 22.2.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 55.5.5.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 66.6.6.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
*> 100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
32768 i
r5#
100.1.2.0 11.1.1.0 R5
11.1.1.0
BGP Peer Group

BGP
AS BGP TTL BGP
BGP
BGP BGP Peer Group BGP

Peer Group BGP BGP
BGP Peer Group

Peer Group Peer Group
Peer Group
BGP 4
10 40 Peer Group Peer Group
1 4 Peer Group 10 10
Peer Group Peer Group 10
15 40 Peer Group
BGP
Peer Group
Peer Group

iBGP eBGP iBGP eBGP
Peer Group eBGP AS
AS

Peer Group
BGP Peer Group
Loopback
R1
Loopback 0
1.1.1.1/32
Loopback 11
11.1.1.1/24
R2
Loopback 0
2.2.2.2/32
Loopback 22
22.2.2.2/24
R3
Loopback 0
3.3.3.3/32
Loopback 33
33.3.3.3/24
R4
Loopback 0
4.4.4.4/32
Loopback 44
44.4.4.4/24
R5
Loopback 0
5.5.5.5/32
Loopback 55
55.5.5.5/24

Loopback 0
R1 BGP BGP Peer Group R1
1.IGP Loopback 0
IGP OSPF Loopback 0 Loopback 0
BGP
1 Loopback 0

!!!!!
ms

!!!!!
r1#

!!!!!
r1#

!!!!!
ms
r1#
Loopback 0
2. Peer Group R1
1 Peer Group AS iBGP

r1(config-router)#neighbor as1 peer-group
r1(config-router)#neighbor as1 remote-as 1
r1(config-router)#neighbor as1 update-source loopback 0
r1(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 peer-group as1
Peer Group as1 as1 as 1
Loopback0 2.2.2.2 3.3.3.3 Peer Group(as1)
2 Peer Group AS eBGP

r1(config-router)#neighbor as45 peer-group
r1(config-router)#neighbor as45 update-source loopback 0
r1(config-router)#neighbor as45 ebgp-multihop

% Peer with AS 4 cannot be in this peer-group, members must be all internal
or all external

% Peer with AS 5 cannot be in this peer-group, members must be all internal
or all external

r1(config-router)#
Peer Group as45 as45 Loopback0
TTL 255 as45 AS eBGP

AS AS Peer Group(as1)
AS AS Peer Group
3. BGP
1 R2
r2(config-router)#neighbor 1.1.1.1 up loopback 0

R2
2 R3
R3
3 R4
R4
4 R5
R5
4.
1 BGP
Neighbor
Up/Down
AS MsgRcvd MsgSent
TblVer
InQ OutQ
State/PfxRcd
2.2.2.2
00:03:01
5.5.5.5
00:00:28
4.4.4.4
00:01:15
3.3.3.3
00:02:18
r1#
R1 BGP
2 BGP
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 i
*>i33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 i
*> 55.5.5.0/24
5.5.5.5
0 5 i
r1#
BGP
5.
1 Peer Group
r1(config-router)#neighbor as1 weight 111
Peer Group as1 weight 111 Peer Group
2
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
111 i
*>i33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
111 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 i
*> 55.5.5.0/24
5.5.5.5
0 5 i
r1#
3
r1(config-router)#neighbor 5.5.5.5 weight 5
Peer Group as45 5.5.5.5 weight 5
Peer Group
4
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2

0
100
111 i
*>i33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
111 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 i
*> 55.5.5.0/24
5.5.5.5
5 5 i
r1#
BGP Community
BGP Community BGP BGP
Optional Transitive Community
Community BGP
Community
Peer Group BGP BGP Community
BGP Community BGP
Community Community
Community CommunityExtended
Community
Community
Community BGP
Community BGP 4
Community
no-export eBGP AS
no-advertise BGP
internet BGP
local-as no-export AS
Community
Community
Community BGP BGP
Community
BGP Community Community
BGP
prefix list access list
Community
Community Community
Community
Community
Community 32bit
32bit 123666
2 AS AS:NN 1:0
65534:65535
32bit AS:NN BGP-Community
New-Format
Community
Community Community
Community Community
CommunityExtended
Community
Community MPLS VRF MPLS

BGP Community Community
Community Community List list

list 10 10 list
100 list IOS list
Community List route-map Community
List route-map
Community Community
BGP Community
Loopback
R1
Loopback 0
1.1.1.1/32
Loopback 11
11.1.1.1/24
R2
Loopback 0
2.2.2.2/32
Loopback 22
22.2.2.2/24
R3
Loopback 0
3.3.3.3/32
Loopback 33
33.3.3.3/24
R4
Loopback 0
4.4.4.4/32
Loopback 44
44.4.4.4/24
R5
Loopback 0
5.5.5.5/32
Loopback 55
55.5.5.5/24
R6
Loopback 0
6.6.6.6/32
Loopback 66
66.6.6.6/24

Loopback 0
1.IGP Loopback 0

2. BGP

3. no-export
R5 55.5.5.0/24 no-export R4
no-export
eBGP R6 R4 55.5.5.0/24
1 R4 BGP
r4#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
11.1.1.0/24
3.3.3.3
0 1 i
*>
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
0 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 55.5.5.0/24
5.5.5.5
0 5 i
*> 66.6.6.0/24
6.6.6.6
0 6 i
3.3.3.3
0 1 i
*>
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
*> 100.1.2.0/24
6.6.6.6
0 6 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
6.6.6.6
0 6 i
100.1.1.0/24
32768 i
r4#
R4 R5
2 R6 BGP
r6#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 55.5.5.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 66.6.6.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 100.1.2.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
0 4 i
0 4 5 i
32768 i
0 4 1 i
r6#
R4 R6
3R5 55.5.5.0/24 no-export R4

r5(config)#route-map noe permit 10

r5(config-route-map)#mat ip address 55
r5(config-route-map)#set community no-export
r5(config)#route-map noe permit 20
r5(config-router)#neighbor 4.4.4.4 route-map noe out
r5(config-router)#neighbor 4.4.4.4 send-community
R5 55.5.5.0/24 no-export community
R4
4 R4 community
r4#sh ip bgp community
Network
Next Hop
*> 55.5.5.0/24
5.5.5.5

0
0 5 i
r4#
R4 R5 community
5 R4 community
r4#sh ip bgp 55.5.5.0

Paths: (1 available, best #1, table Default-IP-Routing-Table, not
advertised to EBGP peer)
Flag: 0x880
5
5.5.5.5 (metric 65) from 5.5.5.5 (5.5.5.5)
Community: no-export
r4#
R4 55.5.5.0/24 community no-export
eBGP
6 R4 eBGP R6
r6#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 66.6.6.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 100.1.2.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
0 4 i
32768 i
0 4 1 i
r6#
R4 55.5.5.0/24 community no-export
eBGP R6 55.5.5.0/24
4. no-advertise
R4 44.4.4.0/24 no-advertise R2
no-advertise BGP R1 R2
44.4.4.0/24
1 R2 BGP
r2#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*>i11.1.1.0/24
1.1.1.1
*> 22.2.2.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 66.6.6.0/24
4.4.4.4
*>i100.1.1.0/24
1.1.1.1
*> 100.1.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
100
0 i
32768 i
0 4 i
0 4 6 i
100
0 i
r2#
R2 R4
2 R1 BGP
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 i
*>i33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 i
*>i44.4.4.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 i
* i
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
*>i66.6.6.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 6 i
* i
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 6 i
*> 100.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
* i100.1.2.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 6 i
*>i
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 6 i
*>i100.1.3.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 6 i
* i
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 6 i
32768 i
32768 i
r1#
R2 R1
3R4 44.4.4.0/24 no-advertise R2

r4(config)#route-map noa permit 10

r4(config-route-map)#set community no-advertise

r4(config)#route-map noa permit 20
r4(config-router)#neighbor 2.2.2.2 route-map noa out
R4 44.4.4.0/24 no-advertise
community R2
4 R2 community
Network
Next Hop
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4

0
0 4 i
r2#
R2 R4 community
5 R2 community
r2#sh ip bgp 44.4.4.0
Paths: (1 available, best #1, table Default-IP-Routing-Table, not
advertised to any peer)
Flag: 0x880
4
4.4.4.4 (metric 2) from 4.4.4.4 (4.4.4.4)
Community: no-advertise
r2#
R2 44.4.4.0/24 community no-advertise
BGP
6 R2 R1
r1#sh ip bgp

Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 i
*>i33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 i
*>i44.4.4.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 i
*>i66.6.6.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 6 i
* i
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 6 i
*> 100.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
* i100.1.2.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 6 i
*>i
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 6 i
*>i100.1.3.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 4 6 i
* i
3.3.3.3
100
0 4 6 i
32768 i
32768 i
r1#
R2 44.4.4.0/24 community no-advertise
R1 R2 44.4.4.0/24
5. Community
Community Community
1R4 100.0.0.0/8 Community 123 R5

r4(config)#access-list 10 permit 100.0.0.0 0.255.255.255
r4(config)#route-map com permit 10

r4(config-route-map)#set community 123
r4(config)#route-map com permit 20
r4(config-router)#neighbor 5.5.5.5 route-map com out
R4 100.0.0.0/8 Community 123 R5
2 R5 community

Network
Next Hop
*> 100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 100.1.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
r5#
R4 community 100.0.0.0/8
3 R5 community
r5#sh ip bgp 100.1.1.0
Flag: 0x880
4 1
4.4.4.4 (metric 65) from 4.4.4.4 (4.4.4.4)
Origin IGP, localpref 100, valid, external, best

Community: 123
r5#
R4 100.0.0.0/8 community 123
4 R5 BGP
r5#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 55.5.5.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 66.6.6.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
*> 100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
0 4 i
32768 i
*> 100.1.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
r5#
R5 BGP 10.0.0.0/8
5R5 community 123 weight 123

r5(config)#ip community-list 5 permit 123
r5(config)#route-map wei permit 10

r5(config-route-map)#match community 5
r5(config-route-map)#set weight 123
r5(config)#route-map wei permit 20
r5(config-router)#neighbor 4.4.4.4 route-map wei in
R5 community-list community 123 weight
123
6 R5
r5#sh ip bgp

Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 55.5.5.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 66.6.6.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 6 i
*> 100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
123 4 1 i
*> 100.1.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
123 4 6 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
123 4 6 i
0 4 i
32768 i
r5#
community 123 100.0.0.0/8 weight 123
6. AS:NN Community
1R4 100.0.0.0/8 Community 4:123 R5
r4(config)#access-list 10 permit 100.0.0.0 0.255.255.255
r4(config)#route-map com2 permit 10

r4(config-route-map)#set community 4:123
r4(config)#route-map com2 permit 20
r4(config-router)#neighbor 5.5.5.5 route-map com2 out
R4 100.0.0.0/8 Community 4: 123 R5
2 Community AS:NN
r4(config)#ip bgp-community new-format
r5(config)#ip bgp-community new-format
r5#sh ip bgp 100.1.1.0

Flag: 0x880
4 1
4.4.4.4 (metric 65) from 4.4.4.4 (4.4.4.4)
Community: 262267
r5#
bgp-community new-format AS:NN
3 bgp-community new-format AS:NN

r5#sh ip bgp 100.1.1.0
4 1
4.4.4.4 (metric 65) from 4.4.4.4 (4.4.4.4)
Community: 4:123
r5#
bgp-community new-format Community 4:123
AS:NN
7. AS BGP
BGP AS AS
1 R5 BGP
4.4.4.4 AS 4 R5 100
2 R4 AS
r4(config-router)#neighbor 5.5.5.5 local-as 100

R4 5.5.5.5 AS 100 BGP
3 R5 BGP
Neighbor
Up/Down
TblVer
InQ OutQ
State/PfxRcd
4.4.4.4
00:00:34
AS MsgRcvd MsgSent
100
10
10
r5#
R5 R4 AS 100
4 R5 BGP
r5#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 100 4 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 100 4 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 100 4 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 55.5.5.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 66.6.6.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 100 4 6 i
*> 100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 100 4 1 i
*> 100.1.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 100 4 6 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 100 4 6 i
0 100 4 i
32768 i
r5#
R4 R5 AS AS 100
AS_Path R5
5 R6 BGP
r6#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 55.5.5.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 66.6.6.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 100.1.2.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
0 4 i
0 4 100 5 i
32768 i
0 4 1 i
r6#
R4 R5 AS 100 R6 AS
6 AS_Path AS 100
r4(config-router)#neighbor 5.5.5.5 local-as 100 no-prepend
AS 100 AS_Path
7 R5 BGP
r5#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 100 4 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 100 4 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 100 4 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 55.5.5.0/24
0.0.0.0
0 100 4 i
32768 i
*> 66.6.6.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 100 4 6 i
*> 100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 100 4 1 i
*> 100.1.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 100 4 6 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 100 4 6 i
r5#
R5 AS 100 100
AS_Path AS 100
8 R6 BGP
r6#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 1 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 i
*> 55.5.5.0/24
4.4.4.4
0 4 5 i
*> 66.6.6.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 100.1.1.0/24
4.4.4.4
*> 100.1.2.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
*> 100.1.3.0/24
0.0.0.0
32768 i
32768 i
0 4 1 i
r6#
AS 100 AS
AS_Path
BGP Reflector(BGP )
BGP eBGP AS AS-path

iBGP AS-path AS
iBGP iBGP
BGP AS BGP
eBGP iBGP iBGP
iBGP eBGP AS
R1 eBGP R5 iBGP R2
R2 iBGP R1 iBGP R3
BGP R3 R4 BGP
AS iBGP iBGP
iBGP eBGP
R1
R1
BGP BGP Reflector(BGP )
iBGP iBGP
BGP Reflector BGP client
iBGP
eBGP client client
client client
client client client
BGP Reflector Client cluster
R2 BGP Reflector R3 client R2 R3

cluster BGP Reflector Reflector
client client client cluster

client cluster Reflector
Cluster 1 R2 ReflectorR3 client R3 client

R3 Cluster 2 Reflector R4 Cluster 2
client Reflector R2 R1 client R3
R3 Reflector client R4 R4
R2
AS Cluster AS_Path
Cluster Cluster ID Cluster ID
Reflector Router-ID Cluster
Reflector Cluster Reflector Cluster ID
Reflector Cluster ID
Cluster Reflector Cluster ID
Cluster ID AS_Path
Cluster ID Cluster
Cluster ID Originator ID Originator ID

Router-ID
AS Originator ID AS BGP
BGP Reflector
BGP Reflector
Loopback
R1
Loopback 0
1.1.1.1/32
Loopback 11
11.1.1.1/24
R2
Loopback 0
2.2.2.2/32
Loopback 22
22.2.2.2/24
R3
Loopback 0
3.3.3.3/32
Loopback 33
33.3.3.3/24
R4
Loopback 0
4.4.4.4/32
Loopback 44
44.4.4.4/24
R5
Loopback 0
5.5.5.5/32
Loopback 55
55.5.5.5/24

Loopback 0
1.IGP Loopback 0

2. BGP
1 R5 BGP
2 R1 BGP

3 R2 BGP
4 R3 BGP

5 R4 BGP
3. BGP
1 R5 BGP
r5#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
1.1.1.1

0
0 1 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
1.1.1.1
*> 55.5.5.0/24
0.0.0.0
0 1 i
0
32768 i
r5#
R2 R3 R4 33.3.3.0 44.4.4.0 R1
R5
2 R1 BGP
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
*> 55.5.5.0/24
5.5.5.5
32768 i
100
0 i
0 5 i
r1#
R2 R3 R4 33.3.3.0 44.4.4.0 R1
R1
3 R2 BGP
r2#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*>i11.1.1.0/24
1.1.1.1
*> 22.2.2.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 i
*>i55.5.5.0/24
5.5.5.5
100
0 5 i
100
0 i
32768 i
r2#
R3 R4 44.4.4.0 R2 R2
4 R3 BGP
r3#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
*> 33.3.3.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
100
0 i
32768 i
100
0 i
r3#
R3 R2 R4
5 R4 BGP
r4#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*>i33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
*> 44.4.4.0/24
0.0.0.0
100
0 i
32768 i
r4#
R4 R3
4. BGP Reflector
1 R2 BGP Reflector
r2(config-router)#neighbor 3.3.3.3 route-reflector-client
R2 BGP ReflectorR3 Client
2 R3
r3#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*>i11.1.1.0/24
1.1.1.1
100
0 i
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
100
0 i
*>i55.5.5.0/24
5.5.5.5
100
0 5 i
32768 i
r3#
R2 R1 R5 R3
3 R1
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 i
*>i33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 i
*> 55.5.5.0/24
5.5.5.5
32768 i
0 5 i
r1#
client client client
R1 R2 R4
4 R2
r2#sh ip bgp

Network
Next Hop
*>i11.1.1.0/24
1.1.1.1
*> 22.2.2.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 i
*>i55.5.5.0/24
5.5.5.5
100
0 5 i
100
0 i
32768 i
r2#
R3 iBGP R4 iBGP R2 R4
5 R3 R4 44.4.4.0
r3#sh ip bgp 44.4.4.0
Local
4.4.4.4 (metric 2) from 4.4.4.4 (4.4.4.4)
Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, valid, internal, best

r3#
R4 R3
6 R3 R2 55.5.5.0
r3#sh ip bgp 55.5.5.0
5
5.5.5.5 (metric 4) from 2.2.2.2 (2.2.2.2)
Originator: 1.1.1.1, Cluster list: 2.2.2.2
r3#
R2 Reflector, Cluster ID
Router-ID 2.2.2.2 Originator ID AS R1

Router-ID
7 Reflector R2 Client
8 R3
r3#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*>i11.1.1.0/24
1.1.1.1
100
0 i
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
100
0 i
*>i55.5.5.0/24
5.5.5.5
100
0 5 i
32768 i
r3#
R2 R5 55.5.5.0 R5
Reflector
5. Cluster 2
(1) R4
r4#sh ip bgp

Network
Next Hop
*>i33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
*> 44.4.4.0/24
0.0.0.0
100
0 i
32768 i
r4#
R3 iBGP R4 R4 R3 R4
2 R3 Cluster Reflector
r3(config-router)#neighbor 4.4.4.4 route-reflector-client
R3 ReflectorR4 Client
3 R4
r4#sh ip bgp

Network
Next Hop
*>i11.1.1.0/24
1.1.1.1
100
0 i
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 i
*>i33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i55.5.5.0/24
5.5.5.5
32768 i
100
0 5 i
r4#
R3 client R4 R4
4 R4 Reflector
r4#sh ip bgp 55.5.5.0
5
5.5.5.5 (metric 5) from 3.3.3.3 (3.3.3.3)

Originator: 1.1.1.1, Cluster list: 3.3.3.3, 2.2.2.2
r4#
cluster clustercluster ID AS_Path
5 R3 cluster ID
r3(config-router)#bgp cluster-id 123
R3 cluster ID 0.0.0.123
6 R4 Reflector
r4#sh ip bgp 55.5.5.0
Flag: 0x800
5
5.5.5.5 (metric 5) from 3.3.3.3 (3.3.3.3)
Originator: 1.1.1.1, Cluster list: 0.0.0.123, 2.2.2.2
r4#
R3 cluster ID 0.0.0.123
BGP Confederation(BGP )
iBGP iBGP
iBGP BGP Reflector
BGP Confederation(BGP )
iBGP iBGP eBGP
iBGP
AS BGP Confederation AS AS
AS AS AS eBGP
R3 iBGP R1 iBGP R4
R2 eBGP R5 R1 AS
R4 R4 R3 R4
BGP R3 R4 BGP
Reflector AS BGP Confederation
BGP Confederation R1 R3 AS 64512

R2 R4 AS 64513 R1 R3 R2
R4
R3 R4 eBGP R3 R4 BGP
BGP Confederation AS AS AS
64512-65534 BGP Confederation AS
R1 R2 AS 1 AS 64512 AS 64513 R5
R1 R2 AS 1 AS 64512 AS 64513 R5
AS BGP Confederation AS AS
AS_Path AS AS AS_Path
AS AS_Path
eBGP iBGP AS AS
eBGP iBGP
BGP Confederation
Loopback
R1
Loopback 0
1.1.1.1/32
Loopback 11
11.1.1.1/24
R2
Loopback 0
2.2.2.2/32
Loopback 22
22.2.2.2/24
R3
Loopback 0
3.3.3.3/32
Loopback 33
33.3.3.3/24
R4
Loopback 0
4.4.4.4/32
Loopback 44
44.4.4.4/24
R5
Loopback 0
5.5.5.5/32
Loopback 55
55.5.5.5/24

Loopback 0
1.IGP Loopback 0
1 OSPF

2 Loopback 0

!!!!!
ms

!!!!!
ms
r5#
r5#

!!!!!
ms

!!!!!
ms
r5#
Loopback 0
2. BGP Confederation
1 R5 BGP
R5
2 R1 BGP Confederation
r1(config-router)#bgp confederation identifier 1
r1(config-router)#bgp confederation peers 64513
AS 64512 AS 1 AS 64513 AS
R2 eBGP R3 iBGP

AS 64513 AS 1 AS 64512 AS
R1 eBGP R4 iBGP

AS 64512 AS 1 AS 64513 AS
R4 eBGP R1 iBGP
AS 64513 AS 1 AS 64512 AS
R3 eBGP R1 iBGP
3. BGP
1 R5 BGP

Neighbor
Up/Down
TblVer
InQ OutQ
State/PfxRcd
1.1.1.1
00:17:30
25
26
15
16
2.2.2.2
00:07:08
AS MsgRcvd MsgSent
r5#
R1 R2 AS 64512 AS 64513 R5
AS 1 AS
2 R1 BGP

Neighbor
Up/Down
TblVer
InQ OutQ
State/PfxRcd
2.2.2.2
00:06:27
00:03:14
4 64513
13
13
4 64512
11
26
25
3.3.3.3
1
5.5.5.5
00:17:51
AS MsgRcvd MsgSent
r1#
AS AS
BGP
4. BGP
1 R5 BGP
r5#sh ip bgp
Next Hop
11.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
Network
*>
*
1.1.1.1
22.2.2.0/24
*>
33.3.3.0/24
0 1 i
0
1.1.1.1
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
0 1 i
0 1 i
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
1.1.1.1
0 1 i
1.1.1.1
0 1 i
*>
2.2.2.2
0 1 i
*> 55.5.5.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>
*
44.4.4.0/24
32768 i
r5#
R5 AS
2 R1 BGP
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 (64513) i
*>i33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
100
0 (64513) i
5.5.5.5
100
0 (64513)
5.5.5.5
55.5.5.0/24

32768 i
5 i
*>
0 5 i
r1#
R1 BGP
AS R1 R2 eBGP
3 R2 R1
4 R1 BGP
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 (64513) i
*>i33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 i
* i44.4.4.0/24
4.4.4.4
100
0 (64513) i
*>
2.2.2.2
100
0 (64513)
2.2.2.2
100
0 (64513)
5.5.5.5
32768 i
i
*
55.5.5.0/24
5 i
*>
0 5 i
r1#
R2 R1
5AS
R1:
R3
R4
5. BGP
1 R1 BGP
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*> 22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 (64513) i
*>i33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 (64513) i
2.2.2.2
100
0 (64513)
5.5.5.5
55.5.5.0/24

32768 i
5 i
*>
0 5 i
r1#
R1 R5 55.5.5.0/24 S0/0
2 R1 55.5.5.0/24
AS_Path
R1 55.5.5.0/24 R2 AS_Path R5 R2 AS_Path

R5 AS AS_Path
AS AS_Path
MED

r1(config-route-map)#set metric 55

r1(config-router)#neighbor 5.5.5.5 route-map med in
R5 MED 55 R2 MED 0
3 R1 55.5.5.0/24
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0

0
32768 i
*> 22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 (64513) i
*>i33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
100
0 i
*> 44.4.4.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 (64513) i
*> 55.5.5.0/24
2.2.2.2
100
0 (64513) 5
5.5.5.5
55
i
0 5 i
r1#
R1 55.5.5.0/24 R2 R1 AS_Path R5
AS R2 MED
eBGP iBGP BGP
4 R3 BGP
r3#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*>i11.1.1.0/24
1.1.1.1
100
0 i
4.4.4.4
100
0 (64513)
22.2.2.0/24
*>i
1.1.1.1
100
0 (64513)
*> 33.3.3.0/24
0.0.0.0
4.4.4.4
100
0 (64513)
*>i
1.1.1.1
100
0 (64513)
4.4.4.4
100
0 (64513)
1.1.1.1
100
0 (64513)
44.4.4.0/24
32768 i
i
55.5.5.0/24
5 i
*>i
5 i
r3#
R3 55.5.5.0/24 iBGP R1
eBGP R4 eBGP iBGP BGP
BGP
AS 1 AS 2 AS 1 R1 AS
2 R2 eBGP R2 AS 2 R1
AS 1 AS 2 R1 AS 2 R2
R1 R2 eBGP AS 1 AS 2
33.0.0.0/8 R1 R3 R1 R3
EIGRP R3 33.0.0.0/8 EIGRP R1R3
33.0.0.0/8 EIGRP BGP R1 R3
R1 R2 R1 R2 33.0.0.0/8
R1 eBGP R2 EIGRP R3 33.0.0.0/8 eBGP
AD 20EIGRP AD 90R1 33.0.0.0/8
R1 R2
R1 R3 33.0.0.0/8 eBGP AD
EIGRP AD
33.0.0.0/8
eBGP BGP
network BGP AD 200
IGP AD
BGP BGP backdoorBGP
BGP BGP BGP
BGP
Loopback
R1
Loopback 0
1.1.1.1/32
R2
Loopback 0
2.2.2.2/32
R3
Loopback 0
3.3.3.3/32

Loopback 0
1.IGP Loopback 0
1 OSPF

2 Loopback 0

2. BGP
1 R1 R2 BGP
R1 R2 eBGP
2 R2 R1 R3 BGP

R2 R1 eBGP , R2 R3 iBGP
3 R3 R2 BGP
R3 R2 iBGP , 33.0.0.0/8 BGP
3.
1 R2 BGP
r2#sh ip bgp
Network
*>i33.0.0.0
Next Hop
3.3.3.3

0
100
0 i
r2#
R2 iBGP R3 33.0.0.0
2 R1 BGP
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
*> 33.0.0.0
Next Hop
2.2.2.2

0 2 i
r1#
R1 eBGP R2 33.0.0.0
3 R1 IGP
r1#sh ip route

i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS
level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static
route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

C

O
B

33.0.0.0/8 [20/0] via 2.2.2.2, 00:00:13



r1#
R1 33.0.0.0 R2
4 R1 33.0.0.0
r1#traceroute 33.3.3.3

Tracing the route to 33.3.3.3
1 12.1.1.2 16 msec 84 msec 16 msec

2 23.1.1.3 184 msec *
316 msec
r1#
R1 R1 R2 33.0.0.0
4. EIGRP
1 R1 R3 EIGRP
R1
r1(config)#router eigrp 100
r1(config-router)#no auto-summary
r1(config-router)#network 13.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
R3
R1 R3 EIGRPR3 33.0.0.0 EIGRP
2 R1 EIGRP
r1#sh ip eigrp topology
IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(100)/ID(1.1.1.1)
Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,

r - reply Status, s - sia Status
P 13.1.1.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 28160

via Connected, FastEthernet0/1
P 33.0.0.0/8, 0 successors, FD is Inaccessible
via 13.1.1.3 (156160/128256), FastEthernet0/1
r1#
R1 R3 33.0.0.0
5. BGP
1R1 BGP 33.0.0.0

r1(config-router)#network 33.3.3.0 backdoor
2 R1 BGP
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
r> 33.0.0.0
Next Hop
2.2.2.2

0 2 i
r1#
33.0.0.0 r BGP RIB-failure
3 R1 IGP
r1#sh ip route
level-2
route

C

33.0.0.0/8 [90/156160] via 13.1.1.3, 00:02:35, FastEthernet0/1



C

r1#
R1 33.0.0.0 R3
4 R1 33.0.0.0
r1#traceroute 33.3.3.3

Tracing the route to 33.3.3.3
1 13.1.1.3 204 msec *
56 msec
r1#
R1 R3 33.0.0.0
BGP Dampening
BGP
BGP
BGP
BGP
BGP Dampening
BGP
Penalty()
1000
Suppress limit()
2000 2000
Half-life ()
15 5
Resume limit ()
750
10
Maximum suppress limit()

4 60 750
4 750 12000
BGP Dampening eBGP

BGP Dampening iBGP
BGP Dampening BGP
BGP Dampening
BGP Dampening

Loopback
R1
Loopback 0
1.1.1.1/32
R2
Loopback 0
2.2.2.2/32

Loopback 0
1.IGP Loopback 0

2. BGP
1 R1 BGP

R1 R2 eBGP
2 R2 BGP
R2 10.1.1.0/24 20.1.1.0/24 BGP
3 R1 BGP
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 10.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
0 2 i
*> 20.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
0 2 i
r1#
R1 R2 10.1.1.0/24 20.1.1.0/24
3. BGP Dampening
1 R1 BGP Dampening
r1(config-router)#bgp dampening
2 BGP Dampening
r1#sh ip bgp dampening parameters
dampening 15 750 2000 60 (DEFAULT)
Half-life time
: 15 mins
Decay Time
: 2320 secs
Max suppress penalty: 12000
Max suppress time: 60 mins
Suppress penalty
Reuse penalty
2000
: 750
BGP Dampening
3 BGP Dampening
r1#sh ip bgp dampening dampened-paths
r1#

4 bgp dampening
r2(config-if)#shutdown
10.1.1.0/24
5R1 10.1.1.0/24
r1#sh ip bgp 10.1.1.0
Paths: (1 available, no best path)
Flag: 0x820
2 (history entry)
2.2.2.2 (metric 65) from 2.2.2.2 (2.2.2.2)
Origin IGP, metric 0, localpref 100, external

Dampinfo: penalty 980, flapped 1 times in 00:00:29
r1#
10.1.1.0/24 penalty
980
6R1 10.1.1.0/24
r1#sh ip bgp 10.1.1.0
Flag: 0x820
2 (history entry)
2.2.2.2 (metric 65) from 2.2.2.2 (2.2.2.2)
r1#
10.1.1.0/24 penalty 1903
2000
7R1 10.1.1.0/24
r1#sh ip bgp 10.1.1.0

Flag: 0x820
2 (history entry)
2.2.2.2 (metric 65) from 2.2.2.2 (2.2.2.2)
r1#
3 penalty 2780 2000
8
Network
*d 10.1.1.0/24
From
Reuse
Path
2.2.2.2
00:04:49 2 i
r1#
10.1.1.0/24
9 R1 BGP
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*d 10.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
0 2 i
*> 20.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
0 2 i
r1#
BGP 10.1.1.0/24
4. BGP Dampening
1 R1 20.1.1.0 BGP Dampening

r1(config)#route-map damp permit 10
r1(config-route-map)#set dampening 15 800 2100 60
r1(config)#route-map damp permit 20
r1(config-router)#bgp dampening route-map damp
20.1.1.0/24 BGP Dampening Dampening
2 BGP Dampening
r1#sh ip bgp dampening parameters
dampening 15 800 2100 60 (route-map damp 10)
Half-life time
: 15 mins
Decay Time
: 2345 secs
Max suppress penalty: 12800
Max suppress time: 60 mins
Suppress penalty
Reuse penalty
2100
: 800
r1#

3 20.1.1.0/24
r1#sh ip bgp 20.1.1.0

Flag: 0x820
2 (history entry)
2.2.2.2 (metric 65) from 2.2.2.2 (2.2.2.2)
r1#
20.1.1.0/24 penalty 1000
4 20.1.1.0/24
r1#sh ip bgp 20.1.1.0
Flag: 0x820
2 (history entry)
2.2.2.2 (metric 65) from 2.2.2.2 (2.2.2.2)
r1#
20.1.1.0/24 3 penalty 2886 2000
5
Network
*d 20.1.1.0/24
From
Reuse
Path
2.2.2.2
00:05:39 2 i
r1#
20.1.1.0/24
6 R1 BGP
r1#sh ip bgp
Network
Next Hop
*> 10.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
0 2 i
*d 20.1.1.0/24
2.2.2.2
0 2 i
r1#
BGP 20.1.1.0/24
BGP IGP
BGP BGP IGP
IGP
IOS BGP IGP BGP IGP
eBGP
IGP iBGP IGP iBGP
IGP
BGP IGP
R1R2R3 Loopback
R1
Loopback 0
1.1.1.1/32
R2
Loopback 0
2.2.2.2/32
R3
Loopback 0
3.3.3.3/32

Loopback 0
1.IGP Loopback 0

2. BGP
1 R1 BGP
R1 R2 iBGP R3 eBGP
2 R2 BGP
R2 R1 iBGP
3 R3 BGP
R3 R1 eBGP
(4) R1 BGP
r1#sh ip bgp
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i -
internal,
Network
Next Hop
*> 11.1.1.0/24
0.0.0.0
*>i22.2.2.0/24
2.2.2.2
32768 i
100
0 i
*> 33.3.3.0/24
3.3.3.3
0 3 i
r1#
R1 11.1.1.0/24iBGP 22.2.2.0/24eBGP
33.3.3.0/24
3. EIGRP
1 R1 EIGRP
R1 R4 EIGRP
2 R4 EIGRP
R4 R1 EIGRP
3 R4 EIGRP
r4#sh ip eig neighbors
IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 100
Address
Uptime
SRTT
Interface
RTO
Hold
Seq
(sec)
(ms)
Cnt Num
0
1590
14.1.1.1
5000
Se1/0
137 00:00:44
r4#
R4 R1 EIGRP
4. BGP EIGRP
1 R1 BGP EIGRP
r1(config-router)#redistribute bgp 1 metric 10000 100 255 1 1500
R1 BGP BGP EIGRP
2 R4 EIGRP
r4#sh ip route

level-2
route

D EX
33.3.3.0 [170/2195456] via 14.1.1.1, 00:00:49, Serial1/0

D EX
11.1.1.0 [170/2195456] via 14.1.1.1, 00:00:49, Serial1/0

14.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
r4#
R1 11.0.0.0/24 eBGP 33.3.3.0/24
IGP
3 iBGP IGP
r1(config-router)#bgp redistribute-internal
BGP iBGP IGP
(4) R4 EIGRP
r4#sh ip route
level-2
route

D EX
33.3.3.0 [170/2195456] via 14.1.1.1, 00:01:15, Serial1/0

D EX
22.2.2.0 [170/2195456] via 14.1.1.1, 00:00:02, Serial1/0

D EX
11.1.1.0 [170/2195456] via 14.1.1.1, 00:01:15, Serial1/0

14.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
r4#
iBGP IGP
BGP IGP
R4 EIGRP BGP

CCIE BGP Chinese Edition

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BGP

BGP BGP-Speaker BGP

address family address family

BGP version 4 BGP

BGP BGP loopback

iBGP eBGP BGP

AS iBGP BGP Reflector(BGP

BGP eBGP iBGP BGP AD

IGP IGP BGP

BGP IOS 12.2(8)T

Local_Pref BGP iBGP

AS BGP Local_Pref 100

MED BGP metric eBGP

iBGP IGP iBGP

BGP RIB-Failure RIB-Failure

MED eBGP iBGP

eBGP iBGP maximum-paths eibgp

12. cluster list AS_PATH

OSPF Loopback 0 OSPF

r3(config-router)#network 13.1.1.3 0.0.0.0 area 0

Type escape sequence to abort.

Type escape sequence to abort.

Type escape sequence to abort.

12.1.1.2 1.1.1.1 12.1.1.1

IGP show ip route

Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i internal,

Metric LocPrf Weight Path

Next Hop 0.0.0.0 weight 32768 i

Metric LocPrf Weight Path

Next Hop 0.0.0.0 weight 32768

Metric LocPrf Weight Path

Next Hop 0.0.0.0 weight 32768 origin IGP

Metric LocPrf Weight Path

> BGP 22.2.2.0/24

Metric LocPrf Weight Path

Metric LocPrf Weight Path

Metric LocPrf Weight Path

Metric LocPrf Weight Path

Metric LocPrf Weight Path

2R4 100.1.1.0/24 BGP

Metric LocPrf Weight Path

Metric LocPrf Weight Path

OSPF AD 110 OSPF AD BGP AD BGP

BGP table version is 6, local router ID is 1.1.1.1

Metric LocPrf Weight Path

OSPF AD 110 OSPF AD BGP AD BGP

(3) R1 RIB failure

100.1.1.0/24 RIB failure BGP

r3(config-router)#neighbor 4.4.4.4 remote-as 4

r3(config-router)#neighbor 4.4.4.4 ebgp-multihop

Metric LocPrf Weight Path

Metric LocPrf Weight Path

Metric LocPrf Weight Path

cluster list BGP Route Reflector (RR)

Metric LocPrf Weight Path

Metric LocPrf Weight Path

1 01:16:09.823: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 2.2.2.2 Down Admin.

1 01:16:37.452: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 2.2.2.2 Up

BGP table version is 10, main routing table version 10

Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i internal,

Metric LocPrf Weight Path

22.2.2.0 [200/0] via 2.2.2.2, 00:38:33

44.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

44.4.4.0 [200/0] via 3.3.3.3, 00:05:12