‘Name: Unit I Practice Test ul iple Choice ‘Hentfy the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question Pflesteria isa microscopic fee living organism. macroscopic alga. fungus. fish ‘The study of environmental science is concermed with the interactions among human systems and those found in nature, biotic and abiotic interactions with human systems, only abiotic factors. only biotic factors both a and b Ecosystem services ‘are the processes by which life supporting resources are produced, can be provided by a forest. can be provided by an aquifer. ‘an be provided by 50 All of these answers are correct. evironmental indicators ‘able scientists to accurately predict the future of an environment. ‘describe what is causing a change inthe envionment. ‘do not always describe what is causing a change inthe environment ‘donot provide information that i considered valuable in creating public policy, both and ceree pepse ws‘Name: DA igure 1-1 ae Pr capita wheat production (ka) 1950 196019701000 900 20002010 Year 5. Use Figure 1-1. Acconding to the figure above, which of the following statements about the overall tends in ‘er capita wheat production is corest? 44 Percapita whest production ineeared from 1950 through the mid-1980"s and then ssanied 9 decrease. b. There is no discernible trend, ‘Between 1950 and 1960, pe capita whest production was stable and then decreased through 2005. ‘4. Percapita wheat production has nt changed sine the 1950's. ‘e.Percapita wheat production has steadily increased since the 1950's through today. 6. The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere 8, is inoreasing in part due to fossil fel we. as not significantly changed in the past 200 years. «is inereasing in part due to deforestation, a hha been decreasing since the 1800s both aand-e.mA a forest is cleared at arate of 875 aces pec day, approximately how many hectares per year are being cleared? 2. 2160 b. 319,000 © 3500 4. 129,000 2. 13,000 Sustainable development 2. -was demonstrated on Ease sland, 'b, requires resources tobe saved and stored for one generation. €.isachieved when food is raised by the people who are eating it. 44 balances human noeds and economic development. ©. Allows for clear-cutting of tees ‘The following are examples of sustainable practices. 1. Forests cut fr timber are replanted Stoo is recyeled IIL. Plastc is disposed of in landfills because that tis less expensive than reveling. a. Toaly b. Monly. © Tand If ony, 4 Tand only. © lland i. ‘The concept of ecological footprint is measured in tems ofthe amount of resource an individual consumes daily bland area. ‘resources an individual consumes over the couse ofa lifetime. 4. resources an entire nation consumes yearly. ‘e,_resources an individual consumes yearly Passage I-1 An experiment i setup to determine if wheat grows better when tis planted by itself or together withelover. The serup involves 3 pans of each treatment. Set-up , Band C conain wheat alone. Se-ups D, B and F ‘contain clover and wheat planted together, in rows alternating one seed of ech type, One hundred seeds are ‘planted in each pan. all reaiments contain the same type of ol, replanted inthe same sizeof pan, are fexpased tothe same amount of sunligh, and are maintsined atthe same temperature throughout the course ofthe experiment Use Passage I-1, The treatments planted with wheat alone are the contrls. independent variable. ‘dependent variable, replication,Name Use Passage 1-1. The following statement provides a hypothesis fr this experiment ‘Wheat grows taller when planted by itself han when is alternated with clover Clover grows better when planed by isl ‘Wheat grows beter when planted together with clover Clover grows beter when planted together with wheat ‘Botha and care legitimate hypotheses for this experiment. Use Passage I-. Several setups of each treatment are prepared to fulfill very important requirement of Scientific experimentation, specifically the need for ‘replication, b, constant. ©. econtol, an indopendent vari 1 dependent variable. Use Pasage I. Constants in this experiment are 4 the pan of wheat, temperature, sol type. b. temperature, numberof seeds in each pan, sunlight. ‘© numberof seeds in each pan, sunlight, one pan of wheat and clover, 4 the pans of mia aerated wih clove the Same asthe independent variable {Use Passage [1 The dependent variable inthis experiment could be the eight ofthe clover number of leaves on the clover. ©. height ofthe wheat. 4. yovenve of nodules on the roots ofthe clove. €humber of clover seeds that germinate. Passnge 1-2 An experiment uses two groups of mice with 20 individuals in each group. Both groups are fd the same “amount of water and food every day. They are kept in similar cages a clinate-controlled room. The experimental group i given five doses ofa pesticide every day. After to month, the amount ofa enzyme it the brains ofthe mice was measured. Use Passage 1-2. The independent variable inthis experiment is the 1. climate control ofthe room. enzyme in the brain ©. pesticide fed to the mice 4. time ofthe experiment ©. food. 1. Use Paseage 1-2 The group of mice not exposed tothe pesticide is called the control Independent variable dependent variable. experimental constant dosage contol peepeeName: 20. 2. 2, 2 2, 2 26, wa ‘Use Passage 1-2. The climate controlled room i important to establish controls © variables 4. Doses given tothe mice. ‘enone ofthe above. Use Passage 1-2. The dependeat variable in this experiments the climate contol ofthe room. enzyme inthe brain of the mice, ©. pesticide fed tothe mice. 4. time ofthe experiment. © climate, ‘Which ofthe following statements is/are corect. 1a. more efficient automobile are bul, consumption of gasoline will decrease. ', Even though more efficent cas are built, consumer behavior dictates the trend in consumption of gasoline Interactions between natral and humn-dominated systems are fey easy to predict 44. Inteactons beoween natural and human-dominated systems are complicated to predict. fe Both band d, “The polarity ofthe water molecule isthe result of 4 the slight negative charge of the hydrogen atoms. b. shared electrons spending more time near the oxygen atom than near the hydrogen atoms. ‘shared electrons spending more time near the hydrogen atoms than near the exygen atom. 4. boing pone. two postive sides repelling each othe. Water is a good solvent. This statement explains which ofthe following phenomena? I. High concentrations of dissolved ions in seawater. 1, Capacity of living organisms to store many types of molecules in solution in their cells. IIL Easy transport of toxic substances through the environment, 8. Tony b. only ©. Land IL 4 Vand ce 1lland When an acid dissolves in water, it dissociates into a. positive hydroxide ons. ‘positive hydrogen ions ©. both hydrogen and hydroxide ions 4. neither hydrogen nor hydroxide ons ©. nlrate ions ‘A substance with a pH of 4 has ___ times the hydrogen ion concentration ofa substance with a pH of 6. a2 bs 2 10 & 100 1000Name: 2 2m 2. 30 31 2 WA Organic compounds may contain 1. carbon-carbon bonds Tearbon-hydrogen bonds TL hydrogen-oxygen bonds a Tonly b Tony © Monly |. Mand e. Tandill, ‘The difference between poteatial and kinetic energy i that ‘4 potential energy bas not yet been released, 1. Kinetic energy has not yet been released ‘© potential energy is measured in calories, whereas kinetic energy is measured in joules 4. potential energy is measured in wats, whereas kinetic energy is measured in joules. kinetic energy cannot be captured a dam, ‘The second law of thermodynamics states that 8. inan energy conversion, no energy is lost 'b. allsystems move toward increased entopy. ©. new energy is available in all systems 4. matter ean be neither ereted nor destroyed velocity increases as a dropped object nears the earth's surface, A positive feedback loop is when feedback into a system increases arate of response. tren feedback into a aytom decreases arate of response ‘may be sean in some examples of population growth, is when a system responds toa change by returning itt its original state Both aande, negative feedback loop is ‘when fed back into the system increases the rate of progress. seen inthe example of increased greenhouse gases leading to lobal warming seen inthe example of world population grows. ‘when a system responds oa change by returing it to its original state, ‘Both band ‘An example ofa positive feedback loop is [warmer temperatures of Earth's surface decreasing the evaporation of water water evaporation creating low-altitude clouds reflecting sunlight back into clouds. Ik. water evaporation creating high-attade clouds absorbing teresral energy that would have escaped the atmosphere. a Tonly b Henly © Monly Land fe LMandName: 3 3. 35, 36. wD: “The process of using resources to meet the needs of both curent and future generations is refered fos: a. NAFTA, b. sustainably &preservation 4. remediation environmental conscience ‘Which ofthe following isthe study of how humans allocate scare resources? psychology biochemistry ‘environmental science seology ‘The intersection point ona supply and demand curve indicates: the real cost the markst equilibrium point for some item the reduction point an extemal teansaction costs cost af a good or service that snot included in the economic price is considered an: supply anomaly externality demand equilibrium rie gouging reper geaneeNames, 37 38 39. Figure 20-1 Quantity —<$<<——> Use Figure 20-1 In the figure, the original supply curve for a good is S, andthe supply curve after the inclusion ofan externality i ,. What happens tothe price and quantity ofa good when an externality is ‘taken into account? ‘a. The price increases, andthe quantity decreases. 1. The price decreases, and the quantity increases. ‘e.Theprice and the quantity both increase. 4. The price and the quantity both increas, The price and the quantity remain the same. ‘Which ofthe following examples would be considered an exteral cost associated with the purchase of| electricity from a coal-fired powerplant? fa. the cost of constructing the plant . thecost of labor the medical expenses incurred by exposure tothe plant's polation 4. thecost of advertising the facility @. thecost ofthe coal being burned inthe plant ‘The measure of all the goods and services produced within the borders ofa nation in a year is defined asthe: ‘7088 domestic product genuine progress indicator ‘market equilibrium ‘wansaetion cost ‘externality pacerName: 40, 41 2, a 4 WA externalities were included inthe cost of a product or service, the following would be most ikely to occu. 1. decrease in product demand deeease inthe price ofthe product I inerease in product supply Tonly and Mand it end IL LM and mt ‘As a general rule, nations witha higher GDP ean expect to experience: lower tax rates b. higher well-being €. lower per capita wealth a ones lower per capita pollution decreas in infrastructure ‘What is one way that GDP can filo accurately measure the overall well-being of a country? 1. In unhealthy societies, high health care costs can drive up GDP. GDP fails o include microlending activi. ©. GDP docs not take international trade into account 4. GDP doesnot ince personal o business investments, only direct spending on goods. Many countries don’t attempt to determine their GDP. ‘The process of microlending is designed to promote which of the Following 1. chacty within doveloping nations Isa business development I, sustainable economic and environmental practices Tnly Tend Mand it only Mand mt Whois the author of Sen Spring, which was partially responsible forthe creation of Earth Day? ‘Al Gore Rachel Carson Joba Muir ‘Aldo Leoplod E.0, Wilson ceere peersUnit I Practice Test Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE, 1. ANS: AL prs: 1 DIE MSC: Defntional 2. ANS: C PTs: 1 DIF: M MSC: Concept based 3. ANS: E PIS: 1 DIE: E MSC: Concept based 4. ANS: B PIS: 1 DIF: M MSC: Concept based 5. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: M ‘MSC: Analytical thinking 6. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: E (MSC: Fact based 7. ANS: D PIS: 1 DIF: EB (MSC: Fact based 8 ANS: E PIS: 1 DIF: -& -MSC: Concept based 9. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: M MSC: Analytical thi 10. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIE: M MSC: Concept based M1, ANS: D PTs: 1 DI: EB MSC: Critical thinking 12. ANS: B PTS: 1 DI: M MSC: Definitions 1B. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Critical thinking 14, ANS: © PTs: 1 DIE: M MSC: Critical thinking 15, ANS: A PTs: 1 DIE: M MSC: Critical thinking 16. ANS: B PTs: 1 DIF: E MSC: Critical thinking 17. ANS: © prs: 1 DIE MSC: Critical thinking 18. ANS: C prs: 1 DIF: M MSC: Critical thinking 19. ANS: A PIs: 1 DIF E MSC: Critica! thinking 20, ANS: A PIS: 1 DIF: ‘MSC: Critical thinking 21. ANS: B PIS: 1 DIF: M MSC: Critical thinking 22, ANS: E PIS: 1 DIF: M MSC: Concept based 23. ANS: B PIS: 1 DIF: M ‘MSC: Fact based 24. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: E MSC: Fact based 25. ANS: B PIS: 1 DIF: ‘MSC: Definitonsl 26. ANS: D. PTS: 1 DIF: M MSC: Analytical thinking 21. ANS: D PTs: 1 DIE: E MSC: Definition 28. ANS: A PIS: 1 DIE: M MSC: Concept based 29. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: EB MSC: Defintional 30, ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: MSC: Defntional, 31. ANS: D PTS: 1 DI: MSC: Defnitional 32. ANS: C PTs: 1 DI: M MSC: Critical thinking 33. ANS: B PIs: 1 DIF: E MSC: Defintional 34. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIE: E MSC: Definitional 35. ANS: B prs: 1 DI: E MSC: Concept based 36. ANS: B PTs: 1 DIF: M MSC: Definitional 37. ANS: A PIs: 1 DIF: E MSC: Analytical thinking 38. ANS: C PTs: 1 DI: M MSC: Critical thinking 38, ANS: A PTs: 1 DIF: E MSC: Definitional41 2 8. os ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: wap Pts: prs: Pts: PTs: PIS: EEmmE Msc: MSc: Misc: Msc: DA CCritel thinking ‘Concept based| CCritiel thinking ‘Concept based Fact based