Gerund, Participle, Or Verb?

1. The puppy, chasing the kitten, slipped on

the rug.
2. Sarah is talking on her phone.
3. When I finish talking on the phone, I will
probably be texting some people.
4. Sleeping on the couch, the grandpa snored.
5. Sleeping on the couch makes my back hurt.
6. My back is sore from sleeping on the couch.
7. The cat is sleeping on the couch.

Infinitive
An infinitive is a verb form preceded by
the word to. In this case, to is not a
preposition, but a part of the infinitive
verb form. An infinitive can be used as a
noun, an adjective, or an adverb.

Infinitive
I love to gather flowers in the spring.
When an infinitive functions as a noun it will be
a subject, direct object, object of a preposition,
predicate nominative, or appositive.
Nominal (noun) infinitives can be replaced with
it/this/that.

Infinitive
Our plans to visit Civil War battlefields
changed drastically.
Adjectival infinitives modify nouns or
pronouns.

Infinitive
Your address is difficult to remember.
Adverbial infinitives modify adjectives,
verbs, and adverbs.

Infinitive Phrase
An infinitive phrase in the infinitive and all
of its modifiers.
I love to gather flowers in the spring.

Infinitive Phrase
An infinitive phrase is the infinitive and all
of its modifiers.
I love to gather flowers in the spring.