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  • 1-1 What Is A Project

    Încărcat de

    Affo Alex
    32 vizualizări5 pagini
    management

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    1-1 What is a Project

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    management

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    32 vizualizări5 pagini

    1-1 What Is A Project

    Încărcat de

    Affo Alex
    management

    Drepturi de autor:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Descărcați ca PDF sau citiți online pe Scribd
    Indicator pentru conținut neadecvat
    din 5
    1.1 What is a project? Projects and project work are often contrasted with operations, which describe the normal day-to- day activities of an organisation, whereas the word project is often used to describe something, to-day work, Of course, in some fields, such as construction, software design, the normal day-to-day work is carrying out projects. What then is a project? Projects vary so much that they are difficult to define concisely, but the general view is that projects are concerned with bringing about change in an organised manner. From an academic perspective, a project is: ‘a temporary organisation to which resources are assigned to do work to bring about beneficial change. (Turner, 2006, p. 1) Project management is also an established profession in many countries around the world and its practitioners have developed bodies of knowledge. For example, the Association for Project ‘Management (APM) in the United Kingdom defines a project as: ‘ unique, transient endeavour undertaken to achieve a desired outcome. (APM, 2006, p. 150) ‘The net outcome or result allows a broad interpretation of the possible outputs or products for a project. Now that projects take place in just about every organisation in the UK, there is also a British Standard for project management (BS 6079). The current version was prepared by representatives from a cross-section industrial bodies, such as the Institution of Civil Engineers, government bodies, such as the Ministry of Defence, as well as the APM. A project is defined as: ‘a unique process, consisting of a set of coordinated and controlled activities with start and finish dates, undertaken to achieve an objective conforming to specific requirements, including constraints of time, cost and resourc (BS 6079-2, 2000, p. 10) In order to bring about a desired change, a project has the following characteristics: a project is a unique undertaking: each one will differ from every other in some respect projects have specific objectives (or goals) to achieve projects require resources projects have budgets projects have schedules, projects require the effort of people ‘measures of quality will apply. ‘The uniqueness of projects means that they take place in an atmosphere of uncertainty (for which there may be some risk associated). For our purposes, we will define a project as organised work towards a pre-defined goal or objective that requires resources and effort, a unique (and therefore possibly risky) venture having a budget and schedule. Individual projects can be anywhere in the ‘spectrum of uniqueness’: from an endeavour in which just about everything you do is unique to something that is merely fairly novel. An academic research project, for example, is somewhat

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